CN1159989A - 车辆用空调系统的冷凝器 - Google Patents
车辆用空调系统的冷凝器 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011021 bench scale process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012595 freezing medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
- F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
- F28F1/32—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
- F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
- F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
- F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
- F28D2021/0084—Condensers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
- F28F2275/12—Fastening; Joining by methods involving deformation of the elements
- F28F2275/125—Fastening; Joining by methods involving deformation of the elements by bringing elements together and expanding
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
一种车辆用空调系统的冷凝器，包括至少一排管子(12)，管子一旦被插入穿过散热片(14)的对中孔(26)，便通过管子的机械扩张被固定在基本上是扁平的散热片(14)的叠置组件中。在叠置组件的任何一个端部处的散热片(14)之间的间隔(P’)小于在叠置组件的中央部分(22)的散热片(14)之间的间隔(P)。
Description
本发明涉及车辆用空调系统的冷凝器。
更具体来说，本发明涉及所谓的机械组装式的冷凝器，它包括至少一排管子，管子一旦被插入穿过散热片的对中孔，便通过管子的机械扩张被固定在基本上是扁平的散热片的叠置组件中，其中，从散热片的叠置组件伸出的管子的端部铜焊在一对歧管上。
车辆用空调系统的冷凝器因为其受到困难的工作条件而构成非常特殊级别的热交换器。管子中的压力在安全系统切断空调系统之前可能到达30巴。冷凝器的工作温度可以到达120-140℃的峰值。这些工作条件使得冷凝器的结构特征基本不同于安装在车辆上的其它类型的热交换器的结构特征。
利用铜焊组装技术制造的冷凝器使用的管子具有多个由隔板或者肋彼此分开的微型通道，这些隔板或者肋能够使管子抵抗苛刻的工作条件，而不会受到造成制冷剂泄漏的永久变形或者损坏。虽然这类冷凝器的性能从热交换的能力的观点来看是好的并且它们有良好的结构强度，但是它们有非常昂贵的缺点。
机械组装式的冷凝器比铜焊的冷凝器便宜，但是它们的热交换一般来说不太有效。这主要是因为，在机械组装技术中，采用的是具有圆形截面的管子，该稳定的形状能够使它们承受系统中的很高的压力值。然而管子的形状严重地损害冷凝器的热交换性能。
同一申请人的申请文件EP-A-O 633435公开了一种其管子具有长方形截面的机械组装式冷凝器。这种类型的管子在热交换效率方面大大提高了冷凝器的性能，但是长方形的管子具有结构强度方面的某些问题。上述文件EP-A-O 633 435通过为整个管子-散热片总成采用特殊尺寸，解决了具有长方形截面的管子比具有圆形截面的管子结构强度低的问题。
在该文件中说明的热交换器的结构给出了极好的试验结果，并且能够承受在车辆使用期间其受到的正常的热应力和机械应力。
然而，经验表明，从结构强度的观点来看仍然存在关键问题，特别是当冷凝器通过的实验室试验使其受到比在车辆使用期间通常产生的应力条件大得多的时候。
特别是，试验经验已经揭示存在着特别是由于涉及脉冲压力的应力试验的结果会引起裂纹的脆性点。这类的典型试验包括使冷凝器承受100℃左右的温度和使管子承受频率大约为0.5-3赫兹并且在5和30巴之间交替变化的变化压力。
本发明的目的是改进具有长方形截面的管子的机械组装式冷凝器，它可以消除或者减少裂纹的危险，即使在脉冲压力试验条件下也是如此。
根据本发明，该目的是通过提供一种具有构成主权利要求主题的特征的热交换器来达到的。
更具体来说，应当注意的是，位于散热片的叠置组件的内部的管子的部分和紧邻叠置组件端部的管子的部分比位于散热片的叠置组件的中央部分的那些管子部分更弱。
申请人所进行的研究表明，在铜焊期间，位于叠置组件端部的散热片受到二次热处理，在此期间它们先由火焰加热然后由空气冷却。受到该热处理的散热片的机械特性受到损害，因而比其它散热片更弱。因此，位于叠置组件端部的散热片不能有效地抵抗管子内部的压力，因而管子的相关部分有较大的裂纹的危险。
本发明通过减小靠近叠置组件端部的散热片之间的间隔而解决了上述的问题。该减小的间隔不能防止散热片机械性能的恶化，但是可以对其补偿。事实上，围绕管子端部的较为大量的材料可以补偿散热片强度的损失。
本发明的其它特征和优点从以下参照附图的纯粹以非限制性实例的方式进行的详细描述将更加清楚。
图1是本发明的冷凝器的示意透视图；
图2是图1冷凝器的示意前视图。
请参阅图1和2，车辆用空调系统的冷凝器的标号为10。冷凝器10包括一排具有长方形截面的，在本具体实例中为椭圆形的管子12。每根管子12插入穿过基本上为扁平的彼此叠置的形成一个叠置组件的散热片14上的一系列对中的孔。当这些管子12以少许的间隙穿过在散热片上的对中孔时，管子12和散热片14通过管子的机械扩张而连接在一起。从散热片14的叠置组件伸出的管子的端部以黄铜焊接在相应的歧管16和18上。
结构阻力试验表明，在散热片14的叠置组件任何一端的管子部分有更多的产生裂纹的危险，特别是当受到能使系统产生疲劳应力的内部脉中压力的时候。
根据本发明，为了改进管子端部的结构强度，散热片14的间隔在叠置组件的端部区域20被减小了。
如在图2中示意示出的，在叠置组件的中央部分22处，散热片14之间的间隔P为例如1.2毫米。散热片14之间的距离按照已知的方式由一系列的与散热片14形成整体的间隔零件(未示出)所保持。
在散热片叠置组件的端部区域20处，散热片的间隔减小至值P’，而值P’为值P的30％-70％。间隔P’最好在间隔P’的40％-60％之间，一般为P值的50％左右(大约为0.6毫米)。间隔减小了的部分20的长度A取决于各种因素，在一个实施例中，大约为10毫米。
减小在叠置组件端部的散热片14之间间隔的较佳的程序是首先形成一个具有恒定间隔P的散热片14的叠置组件。然后管子12穿过散热片14中的对中的孔并且通过使管子12机械扩张的本身已知的扩张工艺被固定在散热片14的叠置组件上。一旦管子12连接在散热片14上，便将压实力F平行于管子12的轴线施加在散热片14上。
压实力可以在叠置组件的两端同时施加，或者一次仅仅压实一端。该压实力使散热片相对于管子滑动，并且使间隔零件产生塑性变形。施加压实力F的零件的行程基本上等于间隔减小部分20的所要求的长度A。
在将端部散热片14之间的间隔压实以后，将从散热片14的叠置组件伸出的管子12的端部利用黄铜焊接在歧管16和18上。
Claims (3)
1.一种车辆用空调系统的冷凝器，包括至少一排管子(12)，管子一旦被插入穿过散热片(14)的对中孔，便通过管子的机械扩张被固定在基本上是扁平的散热片(14)的叠置组件中，其中，从散热片(14)的叠置组件伸出的管子(12)的端部铜焊在一对歧管(16，18)上，其特征在于，在叠置组件端部处的散热片(14)之间的间隔(P’)小于在叠置组件的中央部分(22)的散热片(14)之间的间隔(P)。
2.如权利要求1所述的冷凝器，其特征在于，在叠置组件的端部的散热片(14)之间的间隔(P’)在叠置组件的中央部分(22)的散热片(14)之间的间隔的30％-70％之间，最好是在40％-60％之间。
3.用于制造权利要求1或者2所述的冷凝器的方法，其特征在于，它依次包括下列步骤：
布置散热片(14)的叠置组件，使散热片(14)之间的间隔局部不变，
将多个管子(12)穿过散热片(14)中的对中的孔，
通过管子(12)的机械扩张将管子(12)固定在散热片(14)的叠置组件上，
通过施加平行于管子(12)轴线的力(F)使叠置组件的任何一个端部(20)的散热片(14)的间隔减小，和
将从散热片(14)的叠置组件伸出的管子(12)的端部焊接在一对歧管(16，18)上。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT96TO000128A IT1285262B1 (it) | 1996-02-26 | 1996-02-26 | Condensatore per impianti di condizionamento d'aria per veicoli. |
| ITT096A000128 | 1996-02-26 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1159989A true CN1159989A (zh) | 1997-09-24 |
Family
ID=11414301
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97102677.7A Pending CN1159989A (zh) | 1996-02-26 | 1997-02-25 | 车辆用空调系统的冷凝器 |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0791795A1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JPH102634A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1159989A (zh) |
| AR (1) | AR006014A1 (zh) |
| BR (1) | BR9700259A (zh) |
| IT (1) | IT1285262B1 (zh) |
| PL (1) | PL318580A1 (zh) |
| TR (1) | TR199700143A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2771481B1 (fr) * | 1997-11-24 | 2000-01-28 | Valeo Thermique Moteur Sa | Echangeur de chaleur profile, en particulier pour vehicule automobile |
| US6713414B1 (en) | 2000-05-04 | 2004-03-30 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Ion-sensitive, water-dispersible polymers, a method of making same and items using same |
| US6579570B1 (en) | 2000-05-04 | 2003-06-17 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Ion-sensitive, water-dispersible polymers, a method of making same and items using same |
| US6599848B1 (en) | 2000-05-04 | 2003-07-29 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Ion-sensitive, water-dispersible polymers, a method of making same and items using same |
| US6548592B1 (en) | 2000-05-04 | 2003-04-15 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Ion-sensitive, water-dispersible polymers, a method of making same and items using same |
| US6683143B1 (en) | 2000-05-04 | 2004-01-27 | Kimberly Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Ion-sensitive, water-dispersible polymers, a method of making same and items using same |
| US6429261B1 (en) | 2000-05-04 | 2002-08-06 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Ion-sensitive, water-dispersible polymers, a method of making same and items using same |
| US6444214B1 (en) | 2000-05-04 | 2002-09-03 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Ion-sensitive, water-dispersible polymers, a method of making same and items using same |
| US6815502B1 (en) | 2000-05-04 | 2004-11-09 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Ion-sensitive, water-dispersable polymers, a method of making same and items using same |
| JP2006336874A (ja) * | 2003-10-15 | 2006-12-14 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | ヒートポンプ式乾燥機 |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61237996A (ja) * | 1985-04-15 | 1986-10-23 | Toyo Radiator Kk | プレ−トフイン型ラジエ−タのチユ−ブ付根部の強化方法 |
-
1996
- 1996-02-26 IT IT96TO000128A patent/IT1285262B1/it active IP Right Grant
-
1997
- 1997-02-17 BR BR9700259A patent/BR9700259A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-02-18 EP EP97102564A patent/EP0791795A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-02-20 PL PL97318580A patent/PL318580A1/xx unknown
- 1997-02-20 TR TR97/00143A patent/TR199700143A1/xx unknown
- 1997-02-24 JP JP9038943A patent/JPH102634A/ja active Pending
- 1997-02-25 CN CN97102677.7A patent/CN1159989A/zh active Pending
- 1997-02-27 AR ARP970100779A patent/AR006014A1/es unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR9700259A (pt) | 1998-10-27 |
| JPH102634A (ja) | 1998-01-06 |
| PL318580A1 (en) | 1997-09-01 |
| TR199700143A1 (tr) | 1997-09-21 |
| IT1285262B1 (it) | 1998-06-03 |
| EP0791795A1 (en) | 1997-08-27 |
| AR006014A1 (es) | 1999-07-21 |
| ITTO960128A0 (zh) | 1996-02-26 |
| ITTO960128A1 (it) | 1997-08-26 |
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