CN115997845A - Normal-temperature preservation processing method of complete animal feed with viscera - Google Patents
Normal-temperature preservation processing method of complete animal feed with viscera Download PDFInfo
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- CN115997845A CN115997845A CN202310160943.XA CN202310160943A CN115997845A CN 115997845 A CN115997845 A CN 115997845A CN 202310160943 A CN202310160943 A CN 202310160943A CN 115997845 A CN115997845 A CN 115997845A
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- irradiation
- viscera
- animal
- normal temperature
- feeding
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention provides a normal temperature preservation processing method of a complete animal feed with viscera, which is characterized in that customized feeding of various probiotics, trace elements, taurine and other nutrient substances or customized feeding with disease resistance is carried out within 6 months before animal killing, and after the complete living animal is killed by low-temperature freezing or suffocating gas below 6 ℃ in the production stage, the complete living animal is put into a transparent plastic packaging bag or an aluminum foil bag, and is packaged in vacuum or inflated, sealed and sterilized by irradiation. The method replaces the traditional freeze-drying or freeze-preserving processing technology, 0 adds and maintains the original quality and taste, is more convenient for users to use, is more convenient for logistics transportation and storage, is safer than the method adopting radioactive substances such as cobalt 60Coy rays and the like, is simple to operate, and can be widely popularized and used. The processed animal carcasses can be stored for more than 3 months at normal temperature and refrigerated for more than 6 months.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biology, in particular to a normal-temperature preservation processing method and application of a complete animal feed with viscera.
Background
With the rise of foreign pet industry, the pet industry has become endless, and the market demand of pet foods is rapidly increased. Traditional sterilization methods, such as high-pressure sterilization and chemical sterilization, cannot ensure the sanitary quality of products due to the limitations of the traditional sterilization methods, and cannot meet the strict requirements of foreign countries on microbial indexes of imported pet foods. The sterilization and disinfection problems become the main factors which plague the export of pet foods in China at one time.
In the 70 s of the 20 th century, researches on irradiated feeds have been widely carried out internationally, and a great deal of researches on sterilization effects, nutritional values, feeding effects and the like of the irradiated feeds are carried out in a plurality of countries such as the soviet union and the Canada. The sterilization of laboratory animal feed in some countries then begins to enter the commercial production stage. To date, 200kGy irradiation for producing sterile feeds in British, french, japanese and other countries has been a 30 year history. For example, chinese patent CN100427363C discloses a method for irradiation sterilization of pet food, which uses Coy rays to perform irradiation sterilization treatment under original packaging, the irradiation sterilization absorption dose range is 3-8 kGy, and the absorption dose unevenness is less than 1.38. The irradiation sterilization method can obviously reduce the content of various microorganisms in the pet food, the total bacterial count is reduced to below 1000cfu/g, the coliform group is reduced to below 30MPN/100g, mould and salmonella are not detected, and the main nutritional ingredients such as crude protein, crude fat, total sugar, amino acid and the like in the pet food, and the appearance color and the special taste are kept unchanged. The method is simple and convenient to operate, quick and low in cost, and can be widely applied. The product can be stored at normal temperature, and the shelf life can reach more than 1 year. In both patent CN110012927a and patent CN112515084a, there is also disclosed the application of irradiation technology in food production.
However, these known techniques only apply irradiation sterilization techniques in the later processing, do not involve the earlier preparation of feed production, and the sources of raw materials for preparing feed are not submitted. The invention aims at solving the technical problem that the prior art is not related to the field, and provides a preparation process for animal feed, and the raw material sources of the process are various visceral animals.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a normal-temperature preservation processing method of complete animal feed with viscera, which aims to solve the technical problems.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the normal temperature preservation processing method of the complete animal feed with viscera comprises the following steps:
living body feeding: the living body feeding method comprises high-nutrition customized feeding or disease resistance customized feeding; the high-nutrition customized feeding is that any several nutrient substances of 0.1 to 0.3 weight percent of probiotics, 0.1 to 0.3 weight percent of microelements, 0.1 to 0.3 weight percent of taurine or compound vitamins are added into the feed within 6 months before killing; typically probiotics, trace elements, taurine; or probiotics, microelements and compound vitamins.
Besides ordinary feeding, the optimal scheme is to perform high-nutrition customized feeding or disease resistance customized feeding, wherein proper amounts of taurine, compound vitamins, proteins, carbohydrates and organic trace elements can be added into feed or drinking water, and the feed is fed with 0.1-0.3% of probiotics, 0.1-0.3% of trace elements and 0.1-0.3% of taurine for at least longer than 1 week before killing. The disease resistance is customized and raised by adding chlorella, jerusalem artichoke, mushroom, dandelion, burdock root, apple, catgrass and the like into feed or drinking water as prebiotics or adding soil probiotics, wherein the feed accounts for 0.1-0.3% of the weight of the feed, and the feed is fed for at least longer than 1 week before killing. Of course, high nutrition custom feeding and disease resistance custom feeding are also possible at the same time.
Killing living bodies: the living animal is put into a transparent plastic packaging bag or an aluminum foil bag after being quickly frozen and killed or killed by asphyxia gas at the temperature of less than minus 6 ℃ for vacuum or air-filled packaging and sealing, and the whole corpse, viscera and body fluid of the animal are kept without any wound,
and (3) packaging: the method comprises the steps of pre-packaging, product small packaging and product large packaging, calculating the equivalent density of the packaged objects through intelligent software, and calculating to obtain the corresponding large packaging carton size and small packaging placement mode;
the pre-package can be direct package freezing preservation or water-carrying package freezing preservation, wherein the direct package freezing preservation adopts plastic package or aluminum foil package, and single or a plurality of the packages are packaged, and the package is frozen preservation under zero degree after being simply sealed. The water-carrying package is frozen and stored as a single or a plurality of groups, the plastic package or the aluminum foil package is adopted, after the water is filled, the animal carcasses are completely immersed in the water, and the animal carcasses are frozen and stored below zero after being sealed and sealed.
Preferably, the small product package can be a direct seal, an inflatable seal or a vacuum seal, wherein the direct seal is to put the pre-packaged animal carcasses into a formal product package seal completely or a direct seal; the air-filling sealing is to completely put the pre-packaged animal carcasses into a formal product package, and seal after filling a proper amount of carbon dioxide, oxygen and nitrogen; and vacuum sealing, namely completely placing the pre-packaged animal carcasses into a formal product for packaging and sealing, or directly vacuumizing and sealing.
And (3) radiation sterilization: and (3) carrying out irradiation sterilization treatment by using high-energy electron beams under the condition of large package, wherein the irradiation absorption dose range is 10-200 kGy, and the absorption dose unevenness is less than 2.0.
Preferably:
the fish comprises pseudorasbora parva, mosquito-eating fish, grass goldfish, loach and turtle;
the gastropods comprise snails, slugs and square ring snails;
the insects comprise cricket, yellow meal worm, barley worm, hermetia illucens, du Biya cockroach, lateral edge She Shi cockroach, brown-edge green thorn moth, chironomid larva, earthworm, wax moth, bag moth, fly maggot, locust, scara, cicada, bag moth and fly;
the larvae comprise cicada pupae, bee pupae, silkworm pupae and butterfly pupae;
the amphibian comprises Bufo siccus, bullfrog, xenopus laevis;
the land reptiles include snakes, geckos, soft-shelled turtles, and exendins;
the mammal comprises rabbit, mouse, mice and rats;
the birds comprise quails, rutin chickens and sparrows;
the double shells are mussels;
the lip and foot is centipede;
the spider shape is spider.
Further, the compound vitamins comprise vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin D, vitamin C, vitamin B1 and vitamin B2; all of the above vitamins may be added, or a part may be added.
The microelements are calcium, phosphorus and magnesium;
the probiotics are soil probiotics including lactobacillus, bifidobacterium, saccharomyces boulardii, bacillus coagulans, bacillus and bacillus subtilis. All the above types of probiotics may be added, or part may be added.
Preferably, the killing of the asphyxia gas is carbon dioxide asphyxia, and the specific process is that the animals are put into a killing container, and the carbon dioxide gas is filled to cause the animals to asphyxate and die.
Preferably, the rapid freezing method is to place the animal in an environment below-15 ℃ and rapidly freeze until the carcass is frozen, so that the whole carcass, viscera and body fluid of the animal are maintained, and no wound exists.
Further, the irradiation sterilization comprises single-sided irradiation and double-sided irradiation, the single-sided irradiation directly irradiates a large package product with the height of less than 6cm, and repeated irradiation is carried out for a plurality of times with the irradiation dose of 5kGy-200kGy until the required dose is reached;
the double-sided irradiation directly irradiates the large package product with the height of more than 6cm, repeatedly irradiates for many times with the irradiation dose of 5kGy-200kGy until reaching the required dose, and needs to turn over the large package up and down in the irradiation process.
Preferably, the large package of the product comprises single-specification package and multi-variety multi-specification mixed package, wherein the single-specification package is obtained by obtaining the large package size of a fixed variety through an irradiation effective distance algorithm, and repackaging is carried out;
the multi-variety multi-specification mixed loading is that a plurality of varieties or specification products are mixed into a packing box according to the custom requirement, and the most suitable large packing size is calculated and screened by field software through an irradiation effective distance algorithm.
Further, the irradiance effective distance algorithm: the packing coefficient is calculated by dividing the density and water density of the single product after pulping, and the ratio of the gross weight of the large package to the largest surface area of the cuboid of the large package is multiplied, so that the height of the large package is adjusted between 6cm and 12 cm.
The normal-temperature preservation processing method for the complete animal feed with viscera has the following beneficial effects:
can obviously reduce the content of various microorganisms in animal feed, the total bacterial count is reduced to below 2000cfu/g, the coliform group is reduced to below 100MPN/100g, and mould and salmonella are not detected. The animal viscera and body fluid are preserved without slaughtering and eviscerating, so that the processing flow is simplified, and meanwhile, the main nutritional ingredients such as crude protein, crude fat, crude ash, total energy, vitamins, trace elements, amino acid, taurine and the like in animal carcasses, as well as the appearance color and luster and fresh meat quality can be kept unchanged.
The method replaces the traditional freeze-drying or freeze-preserving processing technology, 0 adds and maintains the original quality and taste, is more convenient for users to use, is more convenient for logistics transportation and storage, is safer than the method adopting radioactive substances such as cobalt 60Coy rays and the like, is simple to operate, and can be widely popularized and used. The processed animal carcasses can be stored for more than 3 months at normal temperature and refrigerated for more than 6 months.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention. Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein should be given the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. As used herein, the word "comprising" and the like means that elements or items preceding the word are included in the element or item listed after the word and equivalents thereof without precluding other elements or items.
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a normal-temperature preservation processing method of a complete animal feed with viscera.
In example 1, spider mites are selected, the average body length is 6cm, 1kg of spider mites are killed by choking with carbon dioxide gas, then the spider mites are put into PA+PE fresh-keeping bags, the bags are sealed at normal temperature, every 5 bags are 1 group, and then the bags are put into corrugated cartons with the length of 6cm multiplied by 60cm multiplied by 20cm, and the corrugated cartons are tightly sealed. After the irradiation time is 20 minutes, the average absorption dose of the product irradiation sterilization is 15.0kGy, and the total number of bacteria in the sample is 1.8X10 before irradiation 4 cfu/g was reduced to 120cfu/g and no coliform, mold and salmonella were detected before and after irradiation. The appearance color and luster and the fresh meat quality and smell of the irradiated meat are not changed.
Disease resistance custom feeding is carried out for 15 days before killing: lactic acid bacteria, bifidobacteria, saccharomyces boulardii and soil probiotics such as bacillus coagulans, bacillus subtilis and the like are added into the feed or the drinking water, and the content of the probiotics is 0.15 percent of the feed or the drinking water.
In the embodiment 2, fishes are selected, wherein the fishes comprise pseudorasbora parva with the average body length of 10cm, anophelifuge with the average body length of 4cm, goldfish with the average body length of 10cm and loach with the average body length of 20cm, 1kg of each of the pseudorasbora parva, the anophelifuge, the goldfish and the loach is quickly frozen at the temperature of minus 30 ℃, then the mixture is put into an aluminum foil fresh-keeping bag, sealed at normal temperature, and then every 5 bags are 1 group, and are put into corrugated cartons with the average body length of 10cm multiplied by 60cm multiplied by 20cm and tightly sealed. After the irradiation time is 160 minutes, the average absorption dose of the product irradiation sterilization is 200.0kGy, and the total number of bacteria in experimental samples is 3.8X10 before irradiation 4 The cfu/g is reduced to 100cfu/g, and the coliform group is reduced to 3.6X10 before irradiation 3 MPN/100g was reduced below 20MPN/100g, and neither mold nor Salmonella was detected before and after irradiation. The appearance color and luster and the fresh meat quality and smell of the irradiated meat are not changed.
High nutrition custom feeding was performed within 6 months prior to killing: 0.15% of compound vitamin is added into the feed: vitamin a, vitamin E, vitamin D, vitamin C, vitamin B1, vitamin B2; 0.1% of nutrient substances containing calcium, phosphorus and magnesium; soil probiotics 0.3%, including lactobacillus, bifidobacterium, and saccharomyces boulardii, bacillus coagulans, bacillus, and bacillus subtilis.
In example 3, the centipedes of the lip and foot type are selected, the average body length is 17cm, 1kg of centipedes are rapidly frozen at the temperature of minus 30 ℃, then are put into PA+PE fresh-keeping bags, are sealed at normal temperature, then every 5 bags are 1 group, are put into corrugated cartons with the length of 6cm multiplied by 60cm multiplied by 20cm, and are tightly sealed. After the irradiation time is 20 minutes, the average absorption dose of the product irradiation sterilization is 15.0kGy, and the total number of bacteria in the sample is 1.9X10 before irradiation 2 cfu/g was reduced to 120cfu/g and no coliform, mold and salmonella were detected before and after irradiation. The appearance color and luster and the fresh meat quality and smell of the irradiated meat are not changed.
Disease resistance custom feeding is carried out 7 days before killing: lactic acid bacteria, bifidobacteria, saccharomyces boulardii and soil probiotics such as bacillus coagulans, bacillus subtilis and the like are added into the feed or the drinking water, and the content of the probiotics is 0.21 percent of the feed or the drinking water.
In example 4, gastropod snails are selected, the average body length is 8cm, slugs, the average body length is 6cm, square ring snails are 3cm, 1kg of each of the snails, slugs and square ring snails is frozen at the temperature of minus 25 ℃, and then the snails, slugs and square ring snails are put into PA+PE fresh-keeping bags, sealed at normal temperature, and then every 10 bags are 1 group, and are put into corrugated cartons with the length of 8cm multiplied by 60cm multiplied by 20cm, and sealed tightly. Repeatedly irradiating with double sides for 2-5 min for 20 min, sterilizing with average absorption dose of 15.0kGy, and sterilizing with total bacteria of 2.8X10 before irradiation 4 cfu/g was reduced to 100cfu/g and no coliform, mold and salmonella were detected before and after irradiation. The appearance color and luster and the fresh meat quality and smell of the irradiated meat are not changed.
Disease resistance custom feeding is carried out for 10 days before killing: chlorella, jerusalem artichoke, agaricus campestris, herba Taraxaci, radix Arctii, fructus Mali Pumilae, and herba Ranunculi Ternati are added into the feed or drinking water as prebiotics, and the content of the prebiotics is 0.1% of the feed or drinking water.
In example 5, insects were selected, as shown in Table 1 below,
table 1 examples of insect selection
The cricket, the yellow meal worm, the barley worm, the hermetia illucens, the Du Biya cockroach, the lateral margin She Shi cockroach, the brown-edge green thorn moth, the midge larva, the earthworm, the wax moth, the bag moth, the fly maggot, the locust, the chafer, the cicada, the bag moth and the fly are frozen at 100g-30 ℃, are put into PA+PE fresh-keeping bags, are sealed at normal temperature, and then are put into corrugated cartons with 10cm multiplied by 60cm multiplied by 20cm for every 5 bags and are tightly sealed. Irradiation time of 80 minutesAfter the clock treatment, the average absorption dose of the product for irradiation sterilization is 100.0kGy, and the total bacteria in the sample is 5.8X10 s before irradiation 6 cfu/g was reduced to 120cfu/g and no coliform, mold and salmonella were detected after irradiation. The appearance color and luster and the fresh meat quality and smell of the irradiated meat are not changed.
High nutrition custom feeding was performed within 6 months prior to killing: 0.15% of compound vitamin is added into the feed: vitamin a, vitamin E, vitamin D, vitamin C; 0.1% of nutrient substances containing calcium, phosphorus and magnesium; taurine 0.3%.
In example 6, the larvae were selected, as shown in table 2 below,
table 2 examples of larval class selection
And (3) killing 1kg of each of the cicada pupa, the butterfly pupa, the bee pupa and the silkworm pupa by means of carbon dioxide asphyxiation, putting into PA+PE fresh-keeping bags, sealing at normal temperature, putting into corrugated cartons with the density of 6cm multiplied by 60cm multiplied by 20cm for every 5 bags into 1 group, and tightly sealing. After the irradiation time is 20 minutes, the average absorption dose of the product irradiation sterilization is 15.0kGy, and the total number of bacteria in the sample is 3.8X10 s before irradiation 6 cfu/g was reduced to 100cfu/g and no coliform, mold and salmonella were detected after irradiation. The appearance color and luster and the fresh meat quality and smell of the irradiated meat are not changed.
High-nutrition customized feeding is carried out within 6 months before killing, and 0.25% of vitamin A and vitamin E are added into the feed; 0.2% of nutrient substances containing calcium, phosphorus and magnesium; taurine 0.25%.
In example 7, amphibious type was selected, as shown in Table 3 below,
TABLE 3 amphibious class selection example
| Chinese academic name | Alias name | Average body length |
| Toad | Scabies oviductus Ranae, momordica grosvenori, oviductus Ranae | 8cm |
| Bullfrog | Frog with vegetable | 20cm |
| Xenopus laevis | Xenopus laevis (Bufo siccus) | 14cm |
Freezing Bufo siccus, bullfrog and Xenopus laevis at-20deg.C, packaging into aluminum foil fresh-keeping bags, sealing at normal temperature, packaging into corrugated paper boxes of 9cm×60cm×20cm for every 10 bags, and sealing tightly. After the irradiation time is 160 minutes, the average absorption dose of the product for irradiation sterilization is 200.0kGy, and no viable bacteria, coliform bacteria, mold and salmonella in the irradiated sample are detected. The appearance color and luster and the fresh meat quality and smell of the irradiated meat are not changed.
Carrying out high-nutrition customized feeding within 6 months before killing, and adding 0.3% of probiotics including lactobacillus, bifidobacterium, saccharomyces boulardii, bacillus coagulans, bacillus and bacillus subtilis into the feed; 0.2% of nutrient substances containing calcium, phosphorus and magnesium; taurine 0.1%.
In example 8, a reptile was selected, as shown in table 4 below,
table 4 crawling examples
Freezing 1kg of each of the above Chinese exendin, gekko Swinhonis, snake and soft-shelled turtle at-30deg.C, packaging into aluminum foil fresh-keeping bags, sealing at normal temperature, packaging into corrugated boxes with size of 8cm×60cm×20cm for every 3 bags as 1 group, and sealing tightly. After the irradiation time is 160 minutes, the average absorption dose of the product for irradiation sterilization is 200.0kGy, and no viable bacteria, coliform bacteria, mold and salmonella in the irradiated sample are detected. The appearance color and luster and the fresh meat quality and smell of the irradiated meat are not changed.
High-nutrition customized feeding is carried out within 6 months before killing, and 0.3% of probiotics including lactobacillus, bifidobacterium and saccharomyces boulardii are added into the feed; 0.2% of nutrient substances containing calcium, phosphorus and magnesium; 0.1% of compound vitamin: comprises vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin D, vitamin C, vitamin B1, and vitamin B2.
In example 9, a mammal was selected, as shown in Table 5 below,
TABLE 5 examples of mammalian selection
Freezing the above red skin, sheet jelly, open eyes, white frost, jump, small sub-adult, large sub-adult, and adult at-30deg.C, respectively 1kg, packaging into aluminum foil fresh-keeping bags, sealing at normal temperature, packaging into corrugated boxes of 8cm×60cm×20cm every 10 bags as 1 group, and sealing tightly. Repeatedly irradiating the two sides for 8-10 min, wherein the irradiation time is 160 min, the average absorption dose of the product after irradiation sterilization is 200.0kGy, and no viable bacteria, coliform bacteria, mold and salmonella in the irradiated sample are detected. The appearance color and luster and the fresh meat quality and smell of the irradiated meat are not changed.
Carrying out high-nutrition customized feeding within 6 months before killing, and adding 0.3% of probiotics including lactobacillus, bifidobacterium, saccharomyces boulardii, bacillus coagulans, bacillus and bacillus subtilis into the feed; 0.3% of nutrient substances containing calcium, phosphorus and magnesium; taurine 0.25%.
In the example 10 of the present invention,selecting other feed insects similar to locust, including sills (mussel manganese), meng Xie, moth larvae, corn borers, ascarid, oil hyacinth and moth, wherein the average body length is 3cm, freezing 100g of the sills, meng Xie, moth larvae, corn borers, ascarid, oil hyacinth and moth respectively at-30 ℃, filling into PA+PE fresh-keeping bags, sealing under normal temperature, filling 1 group of bags each 5 bags into corrugated cartons with the length of 10cm multiplied by 60cm multiplied by 20cm, and tightly sealing. After the irradiation time is 80 minutes, the average absorption dose of the product irradiation sterilization is 100.0kGy, and the total number of bacteria in the sample is 4.8X10 s before irradiation 4 cfu/g was reduced to 20cfu/g and no coliform, mold and salmonella were detected after irradiation. The appearance color and luster and the fresh meat quality and smell of the irradiated meat are not changed.
In the embodiment 11, double-shell mussels with the average body length of 15cm are selected, 1kg of mussels are frozen at the temperature of minus 30 ℃, are put into PA+PE fresh-keeping bags, are sealed at normal temperature, and then are put into corrugated cartons with the length of 8cm multiplied by 60cm multiplied by 20cm for every 10 bags as 1 group, and are tightly sealed. After the irradiation time is 20 minutes, the average absorption dose of the product irradiation sterilization is 15.0kGy, and the total number of bacteria in the sample is 1.6X10 before irradiation 2 cfu/g was reduced to 28cfu/g and no coliform, mold and salmonella were detected before and after irradiation. The appearance color and luster and the fresh meat quality and smell of the irradiated meat are not changed.
Disease resistance custom feeding is carried out for 10 days before killing: chlorella, jerusalem artichoke, agaricus campestris, herba Taraxaci, radix Arctii, fructus Mali Pumilae, and herba Ranunculi Ternati are added into the feed or drinking water as prebiotics, and the content of the prebiotics is 0.3% of the feed or drinking water.
In example 12, birds were selected, as shown in table 6 below,
table 6 birds selection examples
Freezing 1kg of quail, rutin chicken and sparrow at-20deg.C, packaging into aluminum foil fresh-keeping bags, sealing at normal temperature, packaging into corrugated boxes with size of 8cm×60cm×20cm for every 10 bags, and sealing tightly. Repeatedly irradiating the two sides for 8-10 min, wherein the irradiation time is 160 min, the average absorption dose of the product after irradiation sterilization is 200.0kGy, and no viable bacteria, coliform bacteria, mold and salmonella in the irradiated sample are detected. The appearance color and luster and the fresh meat quality and smell of the irradiated meat are not changed.
High-nutrition customized feeding is performed within 6 months before killing, and meanwhile, disease resistance customized feeding is performed for 7 days before killing. The high nutrition customized feeding is to add 0.2% of probiotics including lactobacillus, bifidobacterium, brazier yeast, bacillus coagulans, bacillus and bacillus subtilis into the feed; 0.2% of nutrient substances containing calcium, phosphorus and magnesium; the compound vitamin is 0.2%, and comprises vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin D, vitamin C, vitamin B1, and vitamin B2. Disease resistance custom feeding is carried out 7 days before killing: lactic acid bacteria, bifidobacteria, saccharomyces boulardii and soil probiotics such as bacillus coagulans, bacillus subtilis and the like are added into the feed or the drinking water, and the content of the probiotics is 0.2 percent of the feed or the drinking water.
The animals in the above examples are respectively subjected to high nutrition customized feeding, taurine and vitamins with different contents are added, and the average value of the nutritional ingredients is compared before and after irradiation, as shown in the following table 7, the nutritional ingredients are unchanged before and after irradiation and are not lost, so that the main nutritional ingredients such as crude protein, crude fat, crude ash, total energy, vitamins, trace elements, amino acid, taurine and the like in animal carcasses can be maintained, and the original quality and taste can be maintained.
Table 7 nutritional average alignment
The animals of the above examples of the present invention were processed and then subjected to room temperature storage test, respectively, and the test results are shown in table 8 below, and it can be seen from table 8 that the processed animal carcasses can be stored at room temperature for more than 3 months, and the appearance color and luster and fresh meat quality are unchanged.
Table 8 room temperature storage test
While embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail hereinabove, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to these embodiments. It is to be understood that such modifications and variations are within the scope and spirit of the present invention as set forth in the following claims. Moreover, the invention described herein is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways.
Claims (10)
1. A normal temperature preservation processing method of a complete animal feed with viscera, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
living body feeding: the living body feeding method comprises high-nutrition customized feeding or disease resistance customized feeding; the high-nutrition customized feeding is that any several nutrient substances of 0.1 to 0.3 weight percent of probiotics, 0.1 to 0.3 weight percent of microelements, 0.1 to 0.3 weight percent of taurine or compound vitamins are added into the feed within 6 months before killing;
killing living bodies: the living whole animal is put into a transparent plastic packaging bag or an aluminum foil bag after being quickly frozen and killed or killed by asphyxia gas at the temperature lower than minus 6 ℃ for vacuum or air-filled packaging and sealing, and the whole corpse, viscera and body fluid of the animal are kept without any wound,
and (3) packaging: the method comprises the steps of pre-packaging, product small packaging and product large packaging, calculating the equivalent density of the packaged objects through intelligent software, and calculating to obtain the corresponding large packaging carton size and small packaging placement mode;
and (3) radiation sterilization: and (3) carrying out irradiation sterilization treatment by using high-energy electron beams under the condition of large package, wherein the irradiation absorption dose range is 10-200 kGy, and the absorption dose unevenness is less than 2.0.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the whole animal comprises arachnids, fish, lip feet, gastropods, insects, larvae, amphibians, reptiles, mammals, bivalve, and birds.
3. The method for preserving and processing whole animal feed with viscera at normal temperature as defined in claim 2, wherein the fish comprises pseudorasbora parva, mosquito-eating fish, goldfish, loach, and soft-shelled turtle;
the gastropods comprise snails, slugs and square ring snails;
the insects comprise cricket, yellow meal worm, barley worm, hermetia illucens, du Biya cockroach, lateral edge She Shi cockroach, brown-edge green thorn moth, chironomid larva, earthworm, wax moth, bag moth, fly maggot, locust, scara, cicada, bag moth and fly;
the larvae comprise cicada pupae, bee pupae, silkworm pupae and butterfly pupae;
the amphibian comprises Bufo siccus, bullfrog, xenopus laevis;
the land reptiles include snakes, geckos, soft-shelled turtles, and exendins;
the mammal comprises rabbit, mouse, mice and rats;
the birds comprise quails, rutin chickens and sparrows;
the double shells are mussels;
the lip and foot is centipede;
the spider shape is spider.
4. The method for preserving and processing whole animal feed with viscera at normal temperature as in claim 1, wherein the compound vitamins comprise vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin D, vitamin C, vitamin B1, and vitamin B2;
the microelements are calcium, phosphorus and magnesium;
the probiotics are soil probiotics including lactobacillus, bifidobacterium, saccharomyces boulardii, bacillus coagulans, bacillus and bacillus subtilis.
5. The method for preserving and processing whole animal feed with viscera at room temperature as defined in claim 4, wherein the living body feeding method comprises high-nutrition customized feeding or disease resistance customized feeding,
the disease resistance customized feeding method comprises the following steps: adding chlorella, jerusalem artichoke, mushrooms, dandelion, burdock root, apples and catweed into feed or drinking water as prebiotics, or adding soil probiotics, and feeding for at least longer than 1 week before killing, wherein the content of the prebiotics or the soil probiotics is 0.1% -0.3%.
6. The method for preserving and processing complete animal feed with viscera at normal temperature as in claim 1, wherein the killing of the asphyxia gas is carbon dioxide asphyxia, and the method comprises the steps of placing the animal in a killing container, charging carbon dioxide gas, and dying the animal by asphyxia.
7. The method for preserving and processing complete animal feed with viscera at normal temperature as in claim 6, wherein the rapid freezing method is to place the animal in an environment below-15 ℃ until the carcass is frozen, and the complete carcass, viscera and body fluid of the animal are maintained without any wound.
8. The method for preserving and processing complete animal feed with viscera at normal temperature as claimed in claim 1, wherein the irradiation sterilization comprises single-sided irradiation and double-sided irradiation, the single-sided irradiation directly irradiates the large-package product with the height of less than 6cm, and repeated irradiation is carried out for a plurality of times with the irradiation dose of 5kGy-200kGy until the required dose is reached;
the double-sided irradiation directly irradiates the large package product with the height of more than 6cm, repeatedly irradiates for many times with the irradiation dose of 5kGy-200kGy until reaching the required dose, and needs to turn over the large package up and down in the irradiation process.
9. The normal temperature preservation and processing method of complete animal feed with viscera according to claim 1, wherein the large package of the product comprises single specification package and multi-variety multi-specification mixed package, wherein the single specification package is obtained by obtaining the large package size of a fixed variety through an irradiation effective distance algorithm, and repacking is carried out;
the multi-variety multi-specification mixed loading is that a plurality of varieties or specification products are mixed into a packing box according to the custom requirement, and the most suitable large packing size is calculated and screened by field software through an irradiation effective distance algorithm.
10. The method for preserving and processing whole animal feed with viscera at normal temperature as in claim 9, wherein the irradiation effective distance algorithm: the packing coefficient is calculated by dividing the density and water density of the single product after pulping, and the ratio of the gross weight of the large package to the largest surface area of the cuboid of the large package is multiplied, so that the height of the large package is adjusted between 6cm and 12 cm.
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