CN115957208A - 板蓝根中(-)-落叶松脂醇类化合物抗乙肝病毒的用途 - Google Patents
板蓝根中(-)-落叶松脂醇类化合物抗乙肝病毒的用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115957208A CN115957208A CN202111169424.7A CN202111169424A CN115957208A CN 115957208 A CN115957208 A CN 115957208A CN 202111169424 A CN202111169424 A CN 202111169424A CN 115957208 A CN115957208 A CN 115957208A
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Abstract
本发明属医药技术领域,公开了板蓝根中(‑)‑落叶松脂醇类化合物的抗乙肝病毒的用途,具体公开了板蓝根中(‑)‑落叶松脂醇及其苷类化合物在制备预防和/或治疗乙型肝炎病毒引起的疾病的药物中的应用。(‑)‑落叶松脂醇及其苷类化合物可有效抑制乙型肝炎病毒复制的活性,有望成为与乙型肝炎病毒引发相关的疾病的治疗药物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及从中药板蓝根中提取分离纯化得到的(-)-落叶松脂醇及其苷类化合物,和药用盐类在制备预防和治疗乙型肝炎病毒引起的疾病中的应用。属医药技术领域。
背景技术
板蓝根(Radix Isatidis)为十字花科(Cruciferae)菘蓝属植物菘蓝(Isatisindigotica Fort.)的干燥根,为我国传统中药。其味苦,性寒,具有清热解毒、凉血利咽的功效,临床上多用于治疗流行性感冒、流行性腮腺炎、流行性乙型肝炎、单疱病毒性角膜炎等病毒性疾病[1]。板蓝根在临床应用中的确切疗效引起了药理学家和化学家广泛的研究兴趣。药理学研究表明板蓝根提取物及部分单体化合物具有抗病毒、抗内毒素、抗菌、抗炎、抗肿瘤及免疫调节等多种药理作用[2-5]。从板蓝根中分离得到的化学成分有生物碱、木脂素、表告依春[6-8]等,其中吲哚生物碱类是最主要的活性成分。虽然对板蓝根的研究已取得了诸多进展,但是综合以往研究发现,其提取方法多采用乙醇或甲醇提取,这与板蓝根传统的水煎煮用药方法不一致。鉴于此,项目组于2009年启动了板蓝根水提取物化学成分的研究课题,重点从板蓝根水提取物化学成分的系统分离鉴定,特别是其中的低含量和微量成分着手,以期获得结构多样、新颖和活性显著的化学成分,为进一步深入阐明板蓝根化学成分及其药理活性的整体特点奠定基础。
根据世界卫生组织的数据,截至2017年,全球约有2.57亿HBV感染者,每年约有100万人死于肝硬化、肝衰竭和肝细胞癌[9]。HBV的基因组是3.2kb的部分双链松弛环状DNA,包括四个重叠的开放阅读框(ORF)、两个增强子区域(Enh I、Enh II)和两个直接重复序列(DR1、DR2)[10-14]。包裹HBV基因组的核衣壳是由90或120个核心蛋白二聚体组成的对称二十面体结构,它为HBV DNA合成提供了一个屏障,以避免被宿主免疫系统识别[14,15]。目前,HBV较有前景的治疗方向主要有3个:即通过抑制病毒复制降低病毒载量、刺激和重新激活机体免疫反应,以及消除或抑制感染肝细胞中病毒cccDNA的形成[16]。
HBV通过与宿主细胞表面的牛磺胆酸钠共转运多肽(NTCP)结合进入肝细胞。转移到核孔复合体后,HBV核衣壳被分解,rcDNA扩散到核质中。在细胞核里,HBV基因组DNA在宿主细胞DNA修复蛋白的催化下转化为共价闭合环状DNA(cccDNA),并作为病毒RNA转录的模板[17]。当RNA从细胞核释放后,HBV聚合酶识别pgRNA的茎环结构以启动核衣壳形成。在核衣壳内,pgRNA可以反转录成单链DNA,然后再转录成rcDNA。成熟的HBV核衣壳可以作为传染性病毒粒子从细胞中分泌出来,或者将rcDNA再次送入细胞核以扩增cccDNA库[18,19]。
现有的乙肝治疗药物有免疫调节剂(IFN)和核酸类似物(NUCs)两大类。免疫调节剂以干扰素作为代表药物,除了发挥直接抗病毒作用也参与免疫调节过程,但是干扰素存在价格昂贵,副作用大的缺点。核苷类似物作用在病毒的逆转录阶段发挥直接抗病毒作用。但是核苷类似物不作用于cccDNA,难以彻底清除HBV感染,常常需要终身服药,易诱导逆转录酶产生的耐药突变[20]。
本申请中的化合物即为从传统中药板蓝根中分离获取得到的具有抗乙型肝炎病毒作用的天然产物。(-)-落叶松树脂醇作为从板蓝根中分离提取得到的化合物,在过往的研究中发现具有抗流感病毒活性。落叶松树脂醇衍生物7S,8R,8′R-(+)-落叶松树脂醇-4,4′-二-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷对甲型流感病毒感染具有直接的治疗作用,可口服给药,与西药比较不容易产生耐药性[21]。但是目前尚没有落叶松树脂醇类化合物在抗乙肝病毒方面的研究。
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本发明提供一种落叶松树脂醇类化合物的新用途,即落叶松树脂醇化合物在抗乙型肝炎病毒中的应用。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是,提供(-)-落叶松树脂醇化合物在制备预防和/或治疗乙型肝炎病毒引起的疾病的药物中的应用。
为解决本发明的技术问题,本发明提供如下技术方案:
本发明技术方案的第一方面是提供了一种如下所示的(-)-落叶松脂醇及其苷类化合物在制备预防和/或治疗乙型肝炎病毒引起的疾病的药物中的应用:
本发明技术方案的第二方面是提供了一种药物组合物在制备预防和/或治疗乙型肝炎病毒引起的疾病的药物中的应用,其中所述的药物组合物包括作为有效成分的落叶松脂醇及其苷类化合物,和制药领域中常用的载体。
本发明第一方面和第二方面所述的乙型肝炎病毒引起的疾病包括急乙型肝炎、慢性乙型肝炎。
通常本发明药物组合物含有0.1-95%重量的本发明化合物。
本发明化合物的药物组合物可根据本领域公知的方法制备。用于此目的时,如果需要,可将本发明的化合物与一种或多种固体或液体药物赋形剂和/或辅剂结合,制成可作为人药或兽药使用的适当的施用形式或剂量形式。
本发明化合物或含有它的药物组合物可以单位剂量形式给药,给药途径可为肠道或非肠道,如口服、肌肉、皮下、鼻腔、口腔粘膜、皮肤、腹膜或直肠等,优选口服。
本发明化合物或含有它的药物组合物的给药途径可为注射给药。注射包括静脉注射、肌肉注射、皮下注射和皮内注射等。
给药剂型可以是液体剂型、固体剂型。如液体剂型可以是真溶液类、胶体类、微粒剂型、乳剂剂型、混悬剂型。其他剂型例如片剂、胶囊、滴丸、气雾剂、丸剂、粉剂、溶液剂、混悬剂、乳剂、颗粒剂、栓剂、冻干粉针剂等。
本发明提取物或化合物可以制成普通制剂、也可以是缓释制剂、控释制剂、靶向制剂及各种微粒给药系统。
为了将单位给药剂型制成片剂,可以广泛使用本领域公知的各种载体。关于载体的例子是,例如稀释剂与吸收剂,如淀粉、糊精、硫酸钙、乳糖、甘露醇、蔗糖、氯化钠、葡萄糖、尿素、碳酸钙、白陶土、微晶纤维素、硅酸铝等;湿润剂与粘合剂,如水、甘油、聚乙二醇、乙醇、丙醇、淀粉浆、糊精、糖浆、蜂蜜、葡萄糖溶液、阿拉伯胶浆、明胶浆、羧甲基纤维素钠、紫胶、甲基纤维素、磷酸钾、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮等;崩解剂,例如干燥淀粉、海藻酸盐、琼脂粉、褐藻淀粉、碳酸氢钠与枸橼酸、碳酸钙、聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯、十二烷基磺酸钠、甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素等;崩解抑制剂,例如蔗糖、三硬脂酸甘油酯、可可脂、氢化油等;吸收促进剂,例如季铵盐、十二烷基硫酸钠等;润滑剂,例如滑石粉、二氧化硅、玉米淀粉、硬脂酸盐、硼酸、液体石蜡、聚乙二醇等。还可以将片剂进一步制成包衣片,例如糖包衣片、薄膜包衣片、肠溶包衣片,或双层片和多层片。
例如为了将给药单元制成丸剂,可以广泛使用本领域公知的各种载体。关于载体的例子是,例如稀释剂与吸收剂,如葡萄糖、乳糖、淀粉、可可脂、氢化植物油、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、Gelucire、高岭土、滑石粉等;粘合剂,如阿拉伯胶、黄蓍胶、明胶、乙醇、蜂蜜、液糖、米糊或面糊等;崩解剂,如琼脂粉、干燥淀粉、海藻酸盐、十二烷基磺酸钠、甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素等。
例如为了将给药单元制成胶囊,将有效成分本发明提取物或化合物与上述的各种载体混合,并将由此得到的混合物置于硬的明胶胶囊或软胶囊中。也可将有效成分本发明化合物制成微囊剂,混悬于水性介质中形成混悬剂,亦可装入硬胶囊中或制成注射剂应用。
例如,将本发明提取物或化合物制成注射用制剂,如溶液剂、混悬剂溶液剂、乳剂、冻干粉针剂,这种制剂可以是含水或非水的,可含一种和/或多种药效学上可接受的载体、稀释剂、粘合剂、润滑剂、防腐剂、表面活性剂或分散剂。如稀释剂可选自水、乙醇、聚乙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、乙氧基化的异硬脂醇、多氧化的异硬脂醇、聚氧乙烯山梨醇脂肪酸酯等。另外,为了制备等渗注射液,可以向注射用制剂中添加适量的氯化钠、葡萄糖或甘油,此外,还可以添加常规的助溶剂、缓冲剂、pH调节剂等。这些辅料是本领域常用的。
此外,如需要,也可以向药物制剂中添加着色剂、防腐剂、香料、矫味剂、甜味剂或其它材料。
为达到用药目的,增强治疗效果,本发明的药物或药物组合物可用任何公知的给药方法给药。
本发明化合物、药物组合物的给药剂量取决于许多因素,例如所要预防或治疗疾病的性质和严重程度,患者或动物的性别、年龄、体重、性格及个体反应,给药途径、给药次数、治疗目的,因此本发明的治疗剂量可以有大范围的变化。一般来讲,本发明中药学成分的使用剂量是本领域技术人员公知的。可以根据本发明化合物组合物中最后的制剂中所含有的实际药物数量,加以适当的调整,以达到其治疗有效量的要求,完成本发明的预防或治疗目的。本发明化合物的每天的合适剂量范围本发明的提取物或化合物的用量为0.001-150mg/kg体重,优选为0.01-100mg/kg体重,更优选为0.01-60mg/kg体重,最优选为0.1-10mg/kg体重。上述剂量可以单一剂量形式或分成几个,例如二、三或四个剂量形式给药这受限于给药医生的临床经验以及包括运用其它治疗手段的给药方案。
每一种治疗所需总剂量可分成多次或按一次剂量给药。本发明的化合物、组合物可单独服用,或与其他治疗药物或对症药物合并使用并调整剂量。
发明人发现本发明的化合物及药学上可接受的盐具一定的抗乙型肝炎病毒的作用。因此,本发明的化合物及药学上可接受的盐另一方面涉及治疗、改善与乙型肝炎病毒引起的疾病的方法。所述方法包括对需要治疗的患者给予治疗有效量的(-)-落叶松脂醇及其苷类化合物或药学上可接受的盐的化合物或其药物组合物。
本发明显示化合物落叶松脂醇及其苷类化合物具有一定的抑制乙型肝炎病毒复制的作用。(-)-落叶松脂醇及其苷类或药学上可接受的盐未见抗乙型肝炎病毒方面的公开报道。
有益技术效果
本发明的发明人在对传统中药板蓝根的活性成分研究过程中,通过活性跟踪的方法从板蓝根水提取物中分离得到了(-)-落叶松脂醇及其苷类化合物。通过体外试验,对该类化合物进行了活性评价,结果显示所分得的化合物具有显著抗HBV复制的作用,且具有剂量依赖性。属于抗乙型肝炎病毒药物研发过程中具有价值的先导化合物。
附图说明
图1、化合物1-4的分离流程图
图2、为落叶松树脂醇类化合物在HepG2.2.15细胞中细胞活力的影响结果图;
图3、为落叶松树脂醇类化合物对HepG2.2.15细胞内HBV core DNA表达水平的影响结果图,A:qPCR方法检测化合物1对HepG2.2.15细胞内HBV core DNA表达水平的影响。B:Southern方法检测化合物1和阳性对照药3TC以及Bay41-4109对HepG2.2.15细胞内HBVcore DNA表达水平的影响。图中泳道1和2为病毒对照,3-6依次为300、300、100、100μM的化合物1,7为3TC对照,8为Bay 41-4109对照。
图4、为落叶松树脂醇类化合物对HepG2.2.15细胞上清HBV DNA表达水平的影响结果图。
图5、为落叶松树脂醇类化合物对HepG2.2.15细胞内HBV pgRNA以及2.4/2.1kbRNA表达水平的影响结果图。图中泳道1和2为病毒对照,3-6依次为300、300、100、和100μM的化合物1,7为3TC对照,8为Bay 41-4109对照。
图6、为落叶松树脂醇类化合物对HepG2.2.15细胞HBV衣壳化pgRNA表达水平的影响结果图。
图7、为落叶松树脂醇类化合物对HepG2.2.15细胞内HBc总蛋白表达水平的影响结果图;图中泳道1和2为病毒对照,3-6依次为300、300、100、100μM的化合物1,7为3TC对照,8为Bay 41-4109对照。
图8、为落叶松树脂醇类化合物对HepG2.2.15细胞上清液中HBsAg含量和HBeAg含量的影响结果图,图中A表示化合物1对HepG2.2.15细胞上清液中HBsAg含量的影响结果图,B表示化合物1对HepG2.2.15细胞上清液中HBeAg含量的影响结果图。
具体实施方式
下面的实验实施例可进一步说明本发明,但不以任何方式限制本发明。
实施例1、化合物1-4为从板蓝根中提取分离纯化的落叶松脂醇类化合物,其分离纯化过程如下:
板蓝根饮片50kg,用水煎煮提取3次,每次2小时,合并提取液,减压回收溶剂得到棕褐色冻状浸膏(32Kg)。将浸膏溶解于120L水中,用大孔树脂柱分离,分别用H2O(50L)、50%EtOH(125L)和95%EtOH(100L)洗脱,得到A、B、C三个洗脱部分。其中B部位(0.9Kg)溶解于水中,经MCI gel柱色谱分离,依次用H2O(10L)、30%EtOH(30L)、50%EtOH(20L)、95%EtOH(10L)和Me2CO(8L)洗脱,得到5个组分B1-B5。组分B2(547g)经硅胶柱色谱分离,以乙酸乙酯-甲醇梯度洗脱(100:0-0:100),最后用30%乙醇洗脱,得到亚组分B2-1-B2-5。B2-4(120g)经Sephadex LH-20柱色谱分离(氯仿-甲醇1:1洗脱)得到B2-4-1-B2-4-3。B2-4-1(40.0g)经Sephadex LH-20柱色谱分离(纯水洗脱),得到B2-4-1-1-B2-4-1-13。
B2-4-1-7(6g)经HW-40C柱色谱(纯水洗脱)得到B2-4-1-7-1-B2-4-1-7-4。B2-4-1-7-1在甲醇中析出沉淀,过滤得到化合物2(1.2g)。化合物2(10mg),分别加入水30mL和蜗牛酶50.0mg,于37℃水解24h。水解母液减压蒸干,过硅胶柱,以CH3CN-H2O(8:1)洗脱,收集苷元部分和糖部分,减压蒸干,再分别通过凝胶Sephadex LH-20柱色谱(甲醇洗脱)纯化,得化合物1和葡萄糖。
B2-5-1(70g)经Sephadex LH-20柱色谱分离(纯水洗脱),得到B2-5-1-1-B2-5-1-16,其中B2-5-1-6(957mg)再经HW-40C柱色谱(纯水洗脱)得到亚组分B2-5-1-6-1-B2-5-1-6-18。B2-5-1-6-14(27mg)用制备薄层色谱(乙酸乙酯:乙醇:水6:2:1)制备后,用HPLC(AQ-C18色谱柱,10×250μm,20%乙腈-水,2ml/min)进行纯化,得到化合物3和4。
化合物1:白色针晶(甲醇);[α]20 D-38.1(c 0.12,MeOH);(-)-ESIMS m/z 365[M-H]-;CD(H2O):Δε235nm+1.01,Δε282nm+0.41。
化合物2:无色胶状物;[α]20 D-38.23(c 0.06,MeOH);(-)-ESIMS m/z 683[M-H]-;CD(MeOH):232(Δε+1.58),281(Δε+0.21)nm。
化合物3:无色胶状物;[α]20 D-40.2(c 0.4,MeOH);CD(MeOH):224(Δε-0.76),241(Δε+0.12),273(Δε-0.42)nm;(-)-HR-ESIMS at m/z 521.2032[M-H]-(calcd.ForC26H33O11 521.2028)。
化合物4:无色胶状物;[α]20 D-41.8(c 0.6,MeOH);CD(MeOH):220(Δε-1.36),273(Δε-0.42)nm;(-)-HR-ESIMS at m/z 521.2031[M-H]-(calcd.For C26H33O11521.2028)。
实验例2、化合物1-4对HBV病毒的抑制作用。
通过Reed&Muench法计算落叶松树脂醇类化合物对hepG2.2.15细胞的半数有毒浓度(50%toxic concentration,TC50)。荧光定量PCR测定落叶松树脂醇类化合物对细胞内HBV core DNA含量的半数有效浓度(concentration for 50%of maximal effect,EC50)并根据TC50/EC50比值计算治疗指数(selectivity index,SI)。选出治疗指数高的化合物进行后续实验研究。
表1.化合物1-4对HBV病毒的抑制作用
实施例3、化合物1对HBV DNA的抑制作用
1.细胞培养
HepG2.2.15细胞传代用培养液:含10%胎牛血清(Gbico)、400μg/ml G418(Gibco)、青霉素和链霉素双抗100U/ml(Gibco)和2μg/mL四环素(Tetracycline,tet,Sigma)的MEM(Gibco)培养液。
HepG2.2.15细胞汇合度达90%时,培养瓶内加入0.25%胰酶-EDTA(Gibco),37℃消化5分钟,弃掉胰酶,残液37℃继续消化5分钟,加完全培养液吹散,1:3传代,3-4天传代一次。
2.细胞毒性检测
将HepG2.2.15细胞接种于96孔板中(104个/孔)。将培养板放置于细胞培养箱内培养24小时。2倍稀释化合物1(浓度为1500μM、750μM、375μM、187.5μM、93.75μM、46.88μM、23.44μM)。待细胞汇合度达到80%后,弃掉旧培养液,加入100μL不同浓度的待测物质,并以含DMSO的细胞培养液为阴性对照。将培养板在培养箱中孵育,每2-3天更换新鲜培养液,6天时向板内每孔加入90μl完全培养基和10μL CCK混匀的液体。将培养板在培养箱内孵育1小时。用酶标仪测定不同孔在450nm处的吸光度,细胞存活率计算公式:细胞存活率(%)=(样品OD450-空白OD450)/(细胞对照OD450-空白OD450)×100%。,计算各药物浓度细胞存活率,结果见图1。
图中显示0-750μM化合物1细胞状态改变均为0+。且CPE法观察到细胞形态没有变化。综合上述两种方法,确定化合物1进行体外药效的工作浓度为0-750μM。
3.化合物对HBV DNA的抑制作用
HepG2.2.15细胞接种于24孔板中,1×105个/孔,37℃、5%CO2中培养;24h后,加入完全培养基稀释的不同浓度药物。设置病毒对照组、阳性对照组(3TC,Bay41-4109,均购于MedChemExpress公司)和实验药物组(化合物1)。加药第3d更换一次相同培养液,在加药6d后收取细胞和上清,上清进行2000rpm离心10min后取上清液,保存于-80℃待测。
3.1细胞内HBV core DNA
细胞HBV core DNA提取:每孔加入300uL细胞裂解液,室温裂解5-10min,12000rpm离心5min;取上清,加入蛋白酶K(终浓度为20mg/mL,Sigma),37℃消化1h;加入等体积的酚/氯仿/异戊醇抽提,然后无水乙醇沉淀核酸,最后用20μL的ddH2O溶解沉淀即得到HBV coreDNA,-20℃保存备用。
qPCR法对细胞内HBV core DNA测定和计算:使用试剂盒TransStart Tip GreenqPCR SuperMix(北京全式金有限公司)在ABI7500Fast型高通量实时荧光定量PCR(qPCR)仪检测HBV core DNA含量,每个DNA样品重复测定2次。
HBV core DNA qPCR引物:5’-GGCTTTCGGAAAATTCCTATG-3’(上游);5’-AGCCCTACGAACCACTGAAC-3’(下游)。
反应体系如下所示:
表2、实时荧光定量反应体系
反应条件:20μL体系,94℃,30s,1个循环;94℃5s,60℃30s,40个循环。每个DNA样品平行进行两个反应。
反应结束后,每个样品HBV core DNA相对于对照组的含量用ΔΔCt法进行计算,计算公式如下:
相对含量(%)=2^(HBV Ct对照组-HBV Ct药物组)×100%(HBV Ct对照组),HBV Ct对照组代表病毒对照组HBV core DNA的Ct值;HBV Ct药物组代表不同浓度药物组HBV core DNA的Ct值,结果见图3(A)。
从图中可以看出,化合物1显著降低细胞内HBV core DNA的水平,且成剂量依赖性;300μM CDDO-EA对HBV core DNA抑制率约为87%。
Southern blot法对细胞内HBV core DNA测定:
(1)DIG标记的HBV DNA探针的制备:利用DIG RNA labeling mix(Roche)通过体外转录试剂盒(Promega)合成DIG特异标记的HBV RNA探针,DNase I消化质粒模板,-20℃分装保存。
(2)取HBV core DNA样品10uL,加至1.2%的琼脂糖胶中,进行电泳,70V 6h;将胶放入0.2N HCl中,室温摇晃15min;再经过变性、中和后,在20×SSC中进行转膜,将DNA转印到膜上;将膜放入杂交液(Roche)中,预杂交1h;加入DIG标记的HBV RNA探针,杂交过夜;洗膜后,加入封闭液,室温孵育30min;再加入含抗DIG抗体的封闭液孵育30min;洗膜后,加入ECL显色液,成像,结果见图3(B)。
从图中可以看出,Southern blot得到的结果与qPCR结果相一致,化合物1可以显著降低rcDNA、DSL DNA以及ssDNA的含量。
3.2上清HBV DNA
根据乙型肝炎病毒核酸定量测定试剂盒(PCR-荧光探针法,湖南圣湘生物科技有限公司)提供的方法,每个PCR反应管中加入5μL样本释放剂,再加入5μL待测上清样本/标准品,吸打3~5次混匀,室温裂解10min;每管加入40μL PCR-mix,加好液体后,盖上管盖(手指弹击,去除气泡)2000rpm离心30s,放入ABI7500Fast型高通量实时荧光定量PCR仪,上机检测。
反应条件如下:50μL体系,50℃2min;94℃,5min;94℃15s,57℃30s,45个循环。
反应结束后,机器根据试剂盒提供标准品形成一条标准曲线,根据标准曲线机器自动计算出每个样品HBV DNA的含量,结果见图3。
从图中可以看出,化合物1剂量依赖性降低上清中HBV DNA的含量。
实施例4、化合物1对HBV pgRNA的抑制作用
HepG2.2.15细胞接种于12孔板中,2×105个/孔,37℃、5%CO2中培养;24h后,将孔板中培养基弃去,加入用不含四环素的完全培养基稀释的不同浓度药物。设置病毒对照组和实验药物组(化合物1)。加药第3d更换一次相同培养液,在加药6d后弃掉上清液体,将含有细胞的24孔板保存于-80℃待测。
1.1细胞内总HBV pgRNA
细胞内总RNA提取:将细胞培养6天后,使用Trizol法提取细胞内的RNA,每孔加入1mL Trizol,混匀后室温静置5min。将裂解液转移入EP管内,加入0.2mL氯仿,震荡15s,静置2min。4℃离心,12000g,15min,去上清,并转移入新管内。加入等体积的异丙醇,将管中液体混匀后,室温静置30min,沉淀RNA。4℃离心,12000g,15min,弃掉上清。加入500μL 75%乙醇,洗涤沉淀,再次在4℃离心,12000g,15min,弃掉上清。晾干后,加入20μL DEPC H2O溶解RNA。RNA样品置于-80℃保存。通过NanoDrop 2000超微量分光光度计测定各样品RNA浓度后-80℃保存待测。
1.2 Nouthern blot法对细胞内HBV RNA测定:
(1)取HBV RNA样品加至含甲醛的1.5%琼脂糖凝胶中,进行电泳,70V 6h;在BIO-RAD上看18s和28s,进行UV RNA定量。将胶放入20×SSC中浸泡1h;在20×SSC中进行转膜,将RNA转印到膜上;将膜放入杂交液(Roche)中,预杂交1h;加入DIG标记的HBV RNA探针,杂交过夜;洗膜后,加入封闭液,室温孵育30min;再加入含抗DIG抗体的封闭液孵育30min;洗膜后,加入ECL显色液,成像,结果见图5。
从图中可以看出,化合物1可以显著降低HepG2.2.15细胞内HBV pgRNA以及2.4/2.1kb RNA表达水平,证明其作用机制有别于阳性对照药3TC和Bay41-4109。
1.3 HBV衣壳化pgRNA
HBV衣壳化pgRNA的提取:
TNE buffer:10mM Tris-HCl(pH=8),100mM NaCl,1mM EDTA。
12孔板细胞中加入300μL裂解液,室温裂解细胞,20min;10000rpm,离心5min,转移上清至另一1.5mL EP管中,再加入1μL微球菌核酸酶(NEB)消化游离核酸;加入125μL 35%PEG-8000,颠倒混匀后,冰上放置2h;6000rpm离心10min,弃去上清,再加入50μL TNEbuffer,4℃过夜放置,重悬沉淀;每管中加入1mL TRIzol,进行RNA提取,步骤同1.1,即得到HBV衣壳化pgRNA。
PCR体系如下:
表2、实时荧光定量反应体系
结果见图6。
从图中可以看出,化合物1对细胞内HBV encapsidated pgRNA含量有剂量依赖性的抑制效果。
实施例5、化合物1对HBc蛋白含量的影响作用
化合物1作用于HeG2.2.15细胞,以2μM 3TC(不影响HBc和衣壳装配)、1μM Bay41-4109(降低HBc含量并使得衣壳蛋白降解)作为对照药物,样品收取过程与实施例2中相同。
24孔板细胞中加入100μL 1×蛋白裂解液,冰上裂解10分钟,转入EP管中;100℃10min;12000rpm 4℃离心10min,取上清转移至新EP管中备用。
Western:
首先配制分离胶和浓缩胶。分离胶(10%,10ml)和浓缩胶(5%,5ml),安装好电泳装置后,加入Running Buffer,取3μl蛋白Marker和适量蛋白样品按顺序上样。进行SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE),60V电压电泳约20-30min,蛋白样品跑进分离胶后将电压改为90V,直至红色染料跑至分离胶底部,准备转膜。250mM转膜60min,将蛋白转移至PVDF膜上。电转结束后,将PVDF膜浸入5%脱脂奶粉封闭液中,室温缓慢振荡1h。将一抗加入牛奶封闭液中稀释至适宜的浓度,将膜按照目的蛋白相应大小并依据marker位置进行裁剪,放入相应的一抗,摇床缓慢振荡过夜。TBST漂洗3次,每次10min。将ECL(Millipore)的A液和B液以1:1比例混合均匀,将PVDF膜在混合液中室温振荡孵育1-5min,通过ChemiDoc XRS+化学发光成像分析系统(BIO-RAD)捕获图像,结果见图7。
从图中可以看出,化合物1对HBc蛋白的表达有抑制作用;对照药3TC对HBc蛋白的表达无明显影响作用,Bay41-4109降低了HBc蛋白的表达。
实施例6、化合物1对HBsAg和HBeAg的影响作用
化合物1作用于HeG2.2.15细胞,样品处理过程与实施例2中相同,药物作用第6d时收取细胞上清液,进行2000rpm离心10min后取上清,保存于-80℃待测。
自4℃冰箱取出乙型肝炎病毒e抗原检测试剂盒(北京科美生物技术有限公司)和乙型肝炎病毒s抗原检测试剂盒,室温平衡30min。取一瓶浓缩洗涤液,按照洗涤液配制方法配制。将微孔板从密封袋中取出,设空白对照孔、校准品、质控品各双孔,并根据设计的样本数量在板架上放好微孔板条。空白对照孔不加校准品或样本,分别加50μL各校准品于相应的校准孔中,其余每孔加质控品或样品50μL。加酶标记物:除空白对照孔外,其余每孔加入酶标记物50μL。标记e抗原和s抗原。轻摇混匀后用封板膜封闭反应板,将反应板置于37℃孵育1h。微孔板用稀释后的洗涤液洗5次,每孔应不少于400μL洗涤液,每次浸泡10s,最后在干净的吸水纸上拍干。每孔加入现配的化学发光底物工作液100μL(A液与B液1:1配制),轻摇混匀。加入底物工作液后室温避光静置反应5min,立刻在EnVision多功能酶标仪上(PerkinElmer)依序测量各孔的发光值;根据标准品数值绘制标准曲线,计算每孔HBsAg或HBeAg含量,结果见图8。
从图中可以看出,化合物1能降低上清中HBsAg和HBeAg的含量。
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