CN115947687A - 含单萜酚结构的酯类衍生物 - Google Patents
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Abstract
含单萜酚结构的酯类衍生物,涉及杀真菌化合物。本发明将香芹酚、百里香酚分子和琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂类杀菌剂的活性基团拼合成含单萜酚结构的酯类衍生物。该化合物具有杀菌作用,结构简单、新颖,易于合成,同时具有杀真菌活性,对山茶炭疽菌、灰葡萄孢菌两种主要的经济作物致病菌具有较好的抑菌或杀菌效果,且与商品化杀菌剂啶酰菌胺之间无交互抗性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于化学领域,尤其是一种杀菌剂。
背景技术
山茶炭疽菌(Colletotrichum camelliae)、灰葡萄孢菌(Botrytis cinerea)是两种重要的植物病原真菌,可引起茶树、番茄、玫瑰等多种经济作物的云纹叶枯病、炭疽病、灰霉病,从而造成减产。啶酰菌胺是防治山茶炭疽菌、灰葡萄孢菌最常用的琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂类杀菌剂(SDHIs)之一。该杀菌剂基于单一的作用靶点,长期使用会使植物病原菌对杀菌剂产生抗药性,造成防治效果下降。啶酰菌胺的长期使用会使山茶炭疽菌、灰葡萄孢菌对其产生抗药性,因此,需要不断开发新型、低抗性风险的杀菌剂种类。
活性基团拼接是开发新型低抗性杀菌剂的有效手段。天然单萜酚类化合物香芹酚(2-甲基-5-异丙基苯酚)和百里香酚(2-异丙基-5-甲基苯酚)对多种农业病虫害具有良好的生长抑制效果,具有作为先导化合物进一步开发应用的潜力。
发明内容
本发明提出将香芹酚、百里香酚分子和琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂类杀菌剂的活性基团拼合成含单萜酚结构的酯类衍生物,使其具有高活性且与杀菌剂啶酰菌胺之间无交互抗性。该化合物具有杀菌作用。
含单萜酚结构的酯类衍生物,其结构式为:
其中,R1为CH(CH3)2, R2为CH3;或R1为CH3, R2为CH(CH3)2。
本发明的化合物具有杀菌作用,结构简单、新颖,易于合成,同时具有杀真菌活性,对山茶炭疽菌、灰葡萄孢菌两种主要的经济作物致病菌具有较好的抑菌或杀菌效果,且与商品化杀菌剂啶酰菌胺之间无交互抗性。
附图说明
图1为本发明化合物结构式。
图2为本发明化合物1的合成线路图。
图3为本发明化合物2的合成线路图。
具体实施方式
实施例1:含单萜酚结构的酯类衍生物,其结构式为化合物1:
或化合物2:
所述的含单萜酚结构的酯类衍生物,其合成路线如下如图2和图3所示。
化合物1具体合成步骤是:
步骤1,将2.4 mmol的3-(二氟甲基)-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-羧酸溶解于2 mL的氯化亚砜中,85 ℃下回流2 h,减压除去残余的氯化亚砜,所得酰氯产物直接溶解于2 mL的THF中备用。
步骤2,将2 mmol的香芹酚溶解于4 mL的THF中,加入0.55 mL的三乙胺,将酰氯的THF溶液缓慢滴加到反应体系中,滴加完成后在室温下继续搅拌,TLC追踪反应进度,反应完成后干燥浓缩柱层析,得到化合物1,该化合物为无色油状液体,得率69.69%。
化合物1表征数据为:1H NMR (500 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 8.08 (d,J= 1.3 Hz,1H), 7.18 (dd,J= 7.9, 0.8 Hz, 1H), 7.08–7.03 (m, 1H), 6.95 (d,J= 1.8 Hz, 1H),4.02 (s, 3H), 2.94–2.85 (m, 1H), 2.16 (s, 3H), 1.24 (d,J= 6.9 Hz, 6H).13C NMR(126 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 159.93, 148.62, 148.23, 135.65, 131.02, 127.35,124.46, 119.86, 111.05, 109.17, 107.28, 39.88, 33.60,23.92, 15.81. MS calcdfor C16H18F2N2O2m/z 308.13, found 308.20. ,数据表明该化合物1结构正确。
化合物2具体合成步骤是:
步骤1,将2.4 mmol的3-(二氟甲基)-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-羧酸溶解于2 mL的氯化亚砜中,85 ℃下回流2 h,减压除去残余的氯化亚砜,所得酰氯产物直接溶解于2 mL的THF中备用。
步骤2,将2 mmol的百里香酚溶解于4 mL的THF中,加入0.55 mL的三乙胺,将酰氯的THF溶液缓慢滴加到反应体系中,滴加完成后在室温下继续搅拌,TLC追踪反应进度,反应完成后干燥浓缩柱层析,得到化合物2,该化合物为无色油状液体,得率76.56%。
化合物2表征数据为:1H NMR (500 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 8.07 (s, 1H), 7.23(d,J= 7.9 Hz, 1H), 7.08 – 7.04 (m, 1H), 6.89 (d,J= 1.8 Hz, 1H), 4.02 (s, 3H),3.13–2.88 (m, 1H), 2.33 (s, 3H), 1.19 (d,J= 6.9 Hz, 6H).13C NMR (126 MHz,Chloroform-d) δ 160.43, 147.27, 137.22, 136.74, 135.59, 127.47, 126.56,122.79, 111.03, 109.15, 107.26, 39.88, 27.14,23.07, 20.83. MS calcd forC16H18F2N2O2m/z 308.13, found 308.20.,数据表明该化合2结构正确。
采用植物病原真菌山茶炭疽病菌和灰葡萄孢菌对实施例1中获得的化合物1和化合物2的的抑菌率进行测试。在50μg/mL浓度条件下,化合物1和化合物2对灰葡萄孢菌的抑菌率分别达到了64.13±2.88%和61.67±0.16%,化合物1和化合物2对山茶炭疽菌的抑菌率分别达到了47.77±0.23和42.28±2.60%,高于杀菌剂啶酰菌胺boscalid、香芹酚、百里香酚以及与化合物1和化合物2的其它同系物。与同系物1-16活性数据对比可知,化合物1和2的抑菌活性依赖3-(二氟甲基)-1-甲基-1H-吡唑结构;与同系物17-18活性数据对比可知,化合物1和2的抑菌活性依赖单萜酚结构,但酚羟基的取代位置对活性影响不大。具体测试结果列于下表1中。
表1
上述化合物1和化合物2的抑菌率测试方法如下:
取5mg的待测化合物,溶解于1mL丙酮中配制5000μg/mL浓度的母液,将母液以1%的比例加入PDA培养基中,冷却后得到浓度为50μg/mL的带毒培养基。取等量体积的丙酮加入PDA培养基,冷却后作为空白对照。将活化后的待测菌种用打孔器制成直径5mm的菌饼,分别接种至带毒培养基和空白对照培养基中,重复3次。所有培养皿在25-26℃恒温培养,待空白对照处理的菌落直径生长至近8cm时,以十字交叉法测量各处理菌落直径,并通过以下公式计算菌丝生长抑制率:
采用植物病原真菌,灰葡萄孢菌敏感菌株和抗性菌株对实施例1中获得的化合物1和化合物2的抑菌活性进行测试。测试结果列于下表2中。
表2
从表2可知,啶酰菌胺对灰葡萄孢菌抗性菌株的EC50值远高于对灰葡萄孢菌敏感菌株的EC50值。但是化合物1和化合物2对灰葡萄孢菌敏感菌株和抗性菌株的EC50值范围在8.351-18.403 μg/mL,其活性高于杀菌剂啶酰菌胺对灰葡萄孢菌敏感菌株的抑菌活性。说明化合物1和化合物2对灰葡萄孢菌具有良好的抑制活性,且对抗性菌株依然有效。
采用植物病原真菌,山茶炭疽菌敏感菌株和抗性菌株对实施例1中获得的化合物1和化合物2的抑菌活性进行测试。测试结果列于下表3中。
表3
从表3可知,啶酰菌胺对山茶炭疽菌抗性菌株的EC50值较对山茶炭疽菌敏感菌株的EC50值提升了3.73倍。但是化合物1和化合物2对山茶炭疽菌敏感菌株和抗性菌株的EC50值范围在30.129-56.14 μg/mL,其活性高于杀菌剂啶酰菌胺对山茶炭疽菌敏感菌株的抑菌活性。说明化合物1和化合物2对山茶炭疽菌具有良好的抑制活性,且对抗性菌株依然有效。
综合表2和表3结果可知,化合物1和化合物2与SDHIs类杀菌剂啶酰菌胺之间无交互抗性。
化合物1和化合物2对灰葡萄孢菌和山茶炭疽菌的抑菌活性测试方法如下:
首先,对待测化合物物稀释,设置6个浓度梯度,等比稀释,获得200-6400μg/mL的母液,将母液以1%的比例加入PDA培养基中,冷却后得到浓度为2-64μg/mL的带毒培养基。然后,取等量体积的丙酮加入PDA培养基,冷却后作为空白对照。将活化后的待测菌种用打孔器制成直径5mm的菌饼,分别接种至带毒培养基和空白对照培养基中,重复3次。其次,所有培养皿在25-26℃恒温培养,待空白对照处理的菌落直径生长至近8cm时,以十字交叉法测量各处理菌落直径,计算化合物在不同浓度的抑菌率,并使用SPSS数据处理软件计算回归方程、EC50、95%置信区间。
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