CN115925660B - 丁烯内酯衍生物及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
丁烯内酯衍生物及其制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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Abstract
本发明属于医药化工技术领域,具体公开了一种丁烯内酯衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐,以及该丁烯内酯衍生物的制备方法,及其在制备预防和/或治疗阿尔茨海默氏病药物中的应用;本发明所提供的丁烯内酯衍生物,具有显著的丁酰胆碱酯酶选择性抑制活性,以竞争性抑制方式发挥作用,故而具备作为预防和/或治疗阿尔茨海默氏病药物的潜力。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药化工技术领域,具体涉及一种丁烯内酯衍生物及其制备方法,其作为丁酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂,以及在制备治疗中、重度阿尔茨海默病药物中的应用。
背景技术
阿尔茨海默病(AD)是最常见且最终致命的退行性脑疾病,以中枢认知和行为缺陷为特征,因其严重的公共健康影响而引起全球广泛关注。由于AD病理学的复杂性,到目前为止,AD的确切病因仍不完全清楚。有多种假说解释AD的发病机制和进展,包括胆碱能功能障碍、淀粉样蛋白-β沉积、tau蛋白聚集、神经炎症和线粒体功能障碍等。然而,只有六种药物被临床应用于AD治疗,包括四种胆碱酯酶抑制剂、一种N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体拮抗剂和一种寡聚甘露酸钠。迄今为止,胆碱酯酶抑制剂(ChEs)仍然是合理和有效的AD治疗药物。
胆碱能假说表明,乙酰胆碱(Ach)缺乏与认知功能密切相关,认知功能被视为AD的关键病理指标。体内有两种胆碱酯酶,即乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE,EC3.1.1.7)和丁酰胆碱酯酶(BChE,EC3.1.1.8)。在AD进展过程中,大脑中的AChE水平显著降低至10%,而BChE增加至正常水平的165%,发挥对Ach水解的补偿功能。此外,研究表明BChE功能障碍对整体健康几乎没有负面影响,不存在AChE抑制剂在外周组织中引起的典型胆碱能毒性。因此,BChE已被视为潜在的治疗靶点,在AD的安全性方面具有优势。因此,研究开发选择性BChE抑制剂对于治疗中、重度AD具有重要意义。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少在一定程度上解决相关技术中的技术问题之一。为此,本发明的主要目的在于提供一种丁烯内酯衍生物,该丁烯内酯衍生物具有显著的丁酰胆碱酯酶选择性抑制活性,以竞争性抑制方式发挥作用。
本发明的另一目的在于提供丁烯内酯衍生物的制备方法。
本发明的又一目的在于提供上述丁烯内酯衍生物或上述丁烯内酯衍生物药学上可接受的盐在制备治疗中、重度阿尔茨海默病药物中的应用。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的:
第一方面,一种丁烯内酯衍生物及其药学上可接受的盐,其具有如下所示结构:
第二方面,一种药物组合物,其含有治疗有效量的前述丁烯内酯衍生物及其药学上可接受的盐,及药学上可接受的载体。
一种药物组合物,其含有治疗有效量的前述丁烯内酯衍生物及其药学上可接受的盐,及药学上可接受的辅料。
第三方面,一种前述丁烯内酯衍生物的制备方法,包括如下步骤:将土曲霉菌种进行发酵培养,获得含有化合物I~V的发酵物,将发酵物进行分离纯化,得到所述丁烯内酯衍生物。
进一步:所述分离纯化包括利用本领域技术人员熟知的天然产物分离纯化的常规方法,如萃取、柱层析、高效液相制备等。
进一步的,所述丁烯内酯衍生物的制备方法,具体包括如下步骤:
1)将土曲霉进行发酵培养,获得发酵物;
2)将所得发酵物过滤,得到滤液和菌体;
3)将步骤2)得到滤液进行大孔吸附树脂柱吸附,用水充分洗涤后,用95%乙醇解吸附;
4)将步骤2)得到的菌体用95%乙醇提取;
5)将步骤3)和4)得到的乙醇提取物合并,浓缩至不含乙醇,所得混悬液经等体积乙酸乙酯萃取得到乙酸乙酯提取物;
6)将乙酸乙酯提取物依次用硅胶柱层析、ODS柱层析分离,得到含有所述丁烯内酯衍生物的柱层析组分;
7)将含有所述化合物的柱层析组分经HPLC分离,得到所述丁烯内酯衍生物。
其中,步骤3)中的大孔吸附树脂为AB-8型。
第四方面,前述丁烯内酯衍生物,以及前述药物组合物在制备预防或治疗阿尔茨海默氏病药物中的应用。
进一步的,所述药物组合物的剂型为片剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、水悬浮液制剂中的至少一种。当口服用药时,本发明的药物组合物可制成任意口服可接受的制剂形式。其中,片剂使用的载体一般包括乳糖和玉米淀粉,另外也可加入润滑剂如硬脂酸镁。胶囊制剂使用的稀释剂一般包括乳糖和干燥玉米淀粉。水悬浮液制剂则通常是将活性成分与适宜的乳化剂和悬浮剂混合使用。任选地,以上口服制剂形式中还可加入一些甜味剂、芳香剂或着色剂。
进一步的,所述药物组合物的给药方式为口服、非肠道、局部给药中的至少一种。该药物组合物可根据给药途径配成各种适宜的剂型。进一步的,本发明的药物组合物可以以下面的任意方式施用:口服,喷雾吸入,直肠用药,鼻腔用药,颊部用药,局部用药,非肠道用药,如皮下,静脉,肌内,腹膜内,鞘内,心室内,胸骨内和颅内注射或输入,或借助一种外植储器用药。其中优选口服、腹膜内或静脉内给药方式。
本发明中,术语“药学上可接受的盐”是指药用无机或有机盐。本发明化合物I~V中具有酸性基团的化合物可以与碱金属或碱土金属形成药用盐,优选但不限于钠盐、钾盐、镁盐或钙盐。
另外需要指出,本发明的药物组合物有效使用剂量和使用方法取决于诸多因素,包括患者的年龄、体重、性别、自然健康状况、营养状况、化合物的活性强度、服用时间、代谢速率、病症的严重程度以及诊治医师的主观判断。优选的有效使用剂量介于0.01~100mg/kg体重/天。
与现有技术相比,本发明至少具有以下优点:
本发明所制备的丁烯内酯衍生物,具有显著的选择性丁酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性,以竞争性抑制方式发挥作用,进一步开发在制备预防或治疗阿尔茨海默氏病药物中的用途。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明具体实施方式,下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。
图1为本发明中化合物I~V抑制丁酰胆碱酯酶的Lineweaver-Burk双倒数图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合实施例对本发明的实施方案进行详细描述,但是本领域技术人员将会理解,下列实施例仅用于说明本发明,而不应视为限定本发明的范围。实施例中未注明具体条件者,按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市场购买获得的常规产品。
在下面的实施例中,本发明化合物经核磁共振等鉴定具有如下结构:本发明中的化合物包括化合物I:其中R1为H,R2为COOCH3;化合物II:其中R1为OH,R2为COOCH3;化合物III:其中R1为OH,R2为COOCH2CH3;化合物IV:其中R1为OH,R2为H;化合物V:其中R1为OH,R2为COOCH3。
在下面实施例的结构研究中,HR-ESI-MS用美国Agilent公司LCT 6200seriesTOF/6500型质谱仪测定,NMR谱图用瑞士Bruke公司Avance III 500型超导核磁共振仪(500MHz 1H-NMR,125MHz 13C-NMR)测定。
实施例1:化合物I~V的制备
1.发酵培养
将土曲霉Aspergillus terreus SGP-1接种到10个锥形瓶(500mL)中,每个锥形瓶含有200mL无菌液体培养基,并在28℃下以200rpm的转速在旋转振动筛上培养48h,以获得种子培养液(2L);将种子培养液接种到含有相同无菌液体培养基(70L)的发酵罐中,从罐底部通过无菌空气,保持0.15MPa的正压,在28℃下培养12天,得到发酵物。
2.提取处理与乙酸乙酯浸膏的制备
将整个发酵物(68L)过滤以分离得到滤液和菌体。滤液(62L)上样于AB-8大孔树脂柱(柱体积CV 2.4 L)中,依次用水和95%乙醇洗脱;丢弃水洗脱液(3CVs),收集95%乙醇洗脱液(3CVs);菌体用95%乙醇(6L)提取两次,并辅以超声波处理2h,然后过滤得到乙醇提取物;将所有乙醇溶液合并,并浓缩成不含有乙醇的水悬浮液,然后用等体积乙酸乙酯萃取3次,得到总共66g的乙酸乙酯提取物。
3.乙酸乙酯浸膏的柱层析分离与含有目标化合物I~V的柱层析组分的制备
对乙酸乙酯提取物(66g)进行硅胶柱层析,通过使用b.p.60–90℃石油醚-二氯甲烷(D)-甲醇(M)梯度洗脱,得到9个组分;HPLC分析表明,Fr-6(31g,DM 95:5洗脱)、Fr-8(1.4g,DM85:15洗脱)和Fr-9(1.9g,DM80:20洗脱)含有丁烯内酯衍生物。
4.丁烯内酯衍生物的HPLC制备
将Fr-6进行Sephadex LH-20柱色谱,用M洗脱,得到8个子组分,包括Fr-6-7(7.3g),其通过HPLC(甲醇-H2O 70:30,10mL/min)进一步分离,得到化合物I-A-2 2.3g,tR=18.6min);将Fr-8(1.4g)加载到ODS RP-C18柱上,用甲醇水溶液(20%、40%、60%、80%和100%)梯度洗脱,子组分Fr-8-2(60%-80%甲醇洗脱)通过HPLC(甲醇-水62:38,10mL/min)分离,得到化合物II-A-1(35mg,tR=16.5min)、化合物I-A-4(18mg,tR=17.8min)和化合物I-A-3(32mg,tR=26.5min)。Fr-9(1.9g)用ODS柱层析经甲醇水溶液梯度洗脱分离,子组分Fr-9-8(0.3g,90%甲醇洗脱)通过半制备HPLC(甲醇-水70:30,10mL/min)提供化合物I-A-1(6.0mg,tR=26.2min)。
本申请所对分离得到的化合物I~V进行理化常数和结构表征,具体为:
化合物I为淡黄色固体(MeOH),阳离子ESI-MS:m/z 431.2027[M+Na]+.1H NMR(500MHz,CDOD3)δ:7.70(d,J=7.7Hz,2H),7.46(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),7.39(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),6.57–6.46(m,2H),6.41(d,J=1.7Hz,1H),5.07(m,1H),3.79(s,3H),3.45(s,2H),3.07(dd,J=7.5,4.0Hz,2H),1.65(s,3H),1.57(s,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDOD3)δ:17.8,25.9,28.1,38.7,53.8,86.3,114.7,122.1,124.2,127.6,127.8,128.1(2C),129.1,129.2,129.5(2C),130.5,131.9,133.2,140.6,153.7,169.3,170.5.以上NMR数据与versicolactone B文献数据一致。
化合物Ⅱ为淡黄色固体(MeOH),阳离子ESI-MS:m/z 447.2027[M+Na]+.1H NMR(500MHz,CDOD3)δ:7.59(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),6.87(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),6.54(dd,J=8.2,2.2Hz,1H),6.50(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),6.42(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),5.07(m,1H),3.78(s,3H),3.48–3.38(m,2H),1.67(q,J=1.4Hz,3H),1.57(d,J=1.4Hz,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDOD3)δ:17.8,25.9,28.7,39.6,53.8,86.8,115.0,116.6(2C),123.1,123.6,125.1,128.4,129.2,129.8,130.4(2C),132.4,133.0,139.7,155.1,159.3,170.3,171.6.以上NMR数据与butyrolactone I文献数据一致。
化合物Ⅲ为淡黄色固体(MeOH),阳离子ESI-MS:m/z 431.2027[M+Na]+.1H NMR(500MHz,CDOD3)δ:7.60(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),6.87(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),6.42(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),5.07(m,1H),4.25(q,J=7.1Hz,2H),3.47–3.38(m,2H),3.08(dd,J=7.6,4.1Hz,2H),1.67(d,J=1.3Hz,3H),1.58(d,J=1.4Hz,3H),1.21(t,J=7.1Hz,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDOD3)δ:14.2,17.8,25.9,28.7,39.6,63.6,86.9,115.0,116.6(2C),123.2,123.6,125.2,128.4,129.8,130.4(2C),132.4,133.0,155.1,159.3,171.0.以上NMR数据与butyrolactone VII文献数据一致。
化合物Ⅳ为淡黄色固体(MeOH),阳离子ESI-MS:m/z 389[M+Na]+.1H NMR(500MHz,CDOD3)δ:7.57(d,J=8.6Hz,2H),6.89(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),6.62(dd,J=8.2,2.2Hz,1H),6.55(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),6.52(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),5.56(t,J=4.2Hz,1H),5.16(m,1H),3.19(dd,J=14.7,3.8Hz,1H),3.14(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),2.89(dd,J=14.7,4.7Hz,1H),1.70–1.69(s,3H),1.63(s,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDOD3)δ:17.8,26.0,28.9,39.3,80.1,115.2,116.6(2C),123.7,123.9,126.4,128.6,129.2,130.4(2C),131.5,132.0,132.8,137.9,154.8,159.2,171.8.以上NMR数据与3-Hydroxy-5-[[4-hydroxy-3-(3-methyl-2-buten-1-yl)phenyl]methyl]-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2(5H)-furanone文献数据一致。
化合物Ⅴ为淡黄色固体(MeOH),阳离子ESI-MS:m/z 425[M+H]+。1H NMR(500MHz,CDOD3)δ7.48(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),6.90(d,J=2.3Hz,1H),6.85(dd,J=8.1,2.3Hz,1H),6.79(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),6.67(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),5.34–5.21(m,1H),3.79(d,J=15.3Hz,1H),3.72(s,3H),3.71(d,J=15.3Hz,1H),3.23(d,J=7.4Hz,3H),1.70(d,J=1.4Hz,5H),1.65(d,J=1.3Hz,4H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDOD3)δ:17.8,25.9,29.2,30.2,54.0,103.1,115.9,116.6(2C),122.1,123.8,127.2,127.4,129.1,129.5,130.3,131.7(2C),133.1,154.7,157.0,161.0,169.3,174.2.以上NMR数据与butyrolactone VIII文献数据一致。
实施例2:化合物I~V抑制胆碱酯酶活性测试
按照Ellman方法测试化合物对AChE(EC 3.1.1.7)和BChE(EC3.1.1.8)的抑制活性。AChE(EC 3.1.1.7,来自电鳗)、BChE(EC3.1.1.8,来自马血清)、乙酰硫胆碱碘化物(ATCI)、丁酰硫胆碱碘化物(BTCI)和5,5'-二硫代二(2-硝基苯甲酸)(DTNB)购自Aladdin(中国上海)。用水制备AChE/BchE酶溶液(0.2U/mL),用去离子水制备ATCI/BTCI溶液(10mM)。用PBS溶液(0.1M,pH 8.0)制备DTNB溶液(10mM)。将测试化合物(化合物I~V)溶解在甲醇(10mM)中作为储备溶液,随后,使用至少五种不同浓度的每种化合物(用甲醇双倍稀释)来确定半数抑制浓度(IC50)。使用96孔板进行测试。首先,加入160μL PBS、2μL测试样品、20μL AChE或BChE和10μL DTNB并在孔中混合,然后在37℃下孵育10分钟;加入10μLATCI或BTCI后,启动反应并在37℃继续孵育10分钟,然后在412nm下测量吸光度。用2μL甲醇代替样品溶液的孔测定100%的酶活性,用20μL水代替酶溶液测定空白值。每个样品的所有测试均进行三次。通过绘制抑制率与测试化合物对数浓度来拟合抑制曲线。IC50值由Microsoft Excel软件计算,数据表示为平均值±SD。抑制率的计算公式为:IR%=[(Ac-As)]/(Ac-Ab)]×100%,其中Ab表示无酶溶液空白对照组的吸光度,Ac表示无样品溶液对照组的吸光度,As表示样品组的吸光度;加兰他敏作为阳性对照使用。具体结果如表1所示:
表1本发明中化合物的结构及其胆碱酯酶抑制活性(抑制率)
由表1的活性数据我们可以得出以下结论:本发明中的化合物I~V具有选择性的丁酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性,其中化合物III对丁酰胆碱酯酶的抑制活性比阳性对照加兰他敏强约一倍。
实施例3:化合物I~V抑制丁酰胆碱酯酶动力学
按照与BChE抑制活性测定相同的方案进行动力学研究,将底物BTCI设置为0.2、0.4、0.5、0.6和0.7mM等一系列浓度。根据每个化合物的IC50设置测试浓度。在检测吸光度之前将酶反应延长至15分钟。采用Lineweaver-Burk双倒数作图法,以获得动力学参数米氏常数(Km)和最大速度(Vmax),根据这些参数分析抑制模式。结果如图1显示,在化合物I~V的Lineweaver-Burk双倒数图中,1/V与1/[S]的曲线给出了一组斜率不同的直线,这些直线均相交于Y轴上,表明底物酶促反应Vmax恒定,而Km随抑制剂浓度的增加而增加,这表明它们是竞争性抑制剂。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求和说明书的范围当中。
Claims (5)
1.一种丁烯内酯衍生物在制备预防或治疗阿尔茨海默氏病药物中的应用,其特征在于,其具有如下所示结构:
2.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述药物的剂型为片剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、水悬浮液制剂中的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述药物含有治疗有效量的丁烯内酯衍生物及其药学上可接受的盐,及药学上可接受的载体。
4.一种根据权利要求1所述的丁烯内酯衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:将土曲霉菌种进行发酵培养,获得含有化合物I~V的发酵物,将发酵物进行分离纯化,得到所述丁烯内酯衍生物。
5.根据权利要求4所述的丁烯内酯衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
1)将土曲霉进行发酵培养,获得发酵物;
2)将所得发酵物过滤,得到滤液和菌体;
3)将步骤2)得到滤液进行大孔吸附树脂柱吸附,用水充分洗涤后,用95%乙醇解吸附;
4)将步骤2)得到的菌体用95%乙醇提取;
5)将步骤3)和4)得到的乙醇提取物合并,浓缩至不含乙醇,所得混悬液经等体积乙酸乙酯萃取得到乙酸乙酯提取物;
6)将乙酸乙酯提取物依次用硅胶柱层析、ODS柱层析分离,得到含有所述丁烯内酯衍生物的柱层析组分;
7)将含有所述化合物的柱层析组分经HPLC分离,得到所述丁烯内酯衍生物。
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CN112920955A (zh) * | 2021-02-09 | 2021-06-08 | 中国药科大学 | 一株可产生抗菌增效作用次级代谢产物的深海土曲霉b12及应用 |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
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Bioprospecting Chemical Diversity and Bioactivity inaMarine Derived Aspergillus terreus;Donovon A. Adpressa等;《Chem. Biodiversity》;pp253–259 * |
Butenolide derivatives from Aspergillus terreus selectively inhibit butyrylcholinesterase;Xiang Cui等;《Frontiers in Chemistry》;pp1-14 * |
Butenolide derivatives from the plant endophytic fungus Aspergillus terreus;Feng Guo等;《Fitoterapia》;pp44-50 * |
Butenolides from the Coral-Derived Fungus Aspergillius terreus SCSIO41404;Qingyun Peng等;《Mar. Drugs》;pp1-11 * |
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