CN1158478A - 兼容于具有不同厚度的光盘的再现和记录光学头 - Google Patents

兼容于具有不同厚度的光盘的再现和记录光学头 Download PDF

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CN1158478A
CN1158478A CN96121478A CN96121478A CN1158478A CN 1158478 A CN1158478 A CN 1158478A CN 96121478 A CN96121478 A CN 96121478A CN 96121478 A CN96121478 A CN 96121478A CN 1158478 A CN1158478 A CN 1158478A
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刘长勋
郑钟三
李哲雨
林庆和
赵虔皓
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Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
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Abstract

一个兼容于不同厚度的光盘的再现和记录光学头,包括一块中心有衍射光栅图案及一个透明部分的透明板和具有第一和第二接收部分的光电检测器。零级衍射光和透过透明部分的光经物镜孔径聚焦到薄光盘上,被透明板衍射光栅图案衍射的正向一级衍射光经物镜孔径的部分区域聚焦到厚光盘上。然后由光电检测器的第一和第二部分检测光盘的反射光。用于每一光盘的再现和伺服信号作为第一和第二光接收部分的检测信号,因此,不管光盘厚度如何,都能实现稳定的伺服和无噪声的再现。

Description

兼容于具有不同厚度的光 盘的再现和记录光学头
本发明涉及一种用光束扫描光学记录介质来读写信息的光学头,更具体地说,涉及一种兼容于具有不同厚度的光盘的再现和记录光学头。
用于存储数据的光学记录介质主要是盘型,例如压缩光盘。一张光盘是由一片塑料或玻璃的基片以及涂敷在该基片上的记录平面层组成的,光盘的基片对入射光是透明的,并具有预定的厚度,记录平面层用于记录信息。经过光学头的物镜聚焦的光线先被折射到光盘基片的记录平面上,然后从该记录平面上反射到光学头中。
为了增大光盘的记录密度,需要尽可能地减小射到记录平面上的光点的尺寸。光点的尺寸通常和物镜的数值孔径(NA)成正比,和光线的波长成反比。所以,为了获得用于高密度再现和记录的非常小的光点,当前常常采用具有大的NA的物镜和短波长的光源。然而,当光盘和光束不完全垂直时,具有大的NA的物镜会显著地增大光点在记录平面上的像差。这样,对高密度光盘来说,就要求更加精确地控制其倾斜公差。由于像差也是同光盘基片的厚度成正比的,为了增大高密度光盘的倾斜公差,基片常被做得很薄。因此,已经出现了以0.6毫米厚度的数字激光视盘作为高密度光盘来替代具有1.2毫米基片厚度的传统压缩光盘。
在光学再现和记录领域,从使用者的立场来看,压缩光盘和数字式视盘之间的兼容性是一个重要的因素。然而,如果光盘的厚度不同,将产生球差,它会使在光盘记录平面上形成的光点变大。这又导致记录所需的光强不足并使再现时信号品质降低。所以,光学头采用校正像差的光点,亦即兼容于具有不同厚度的光盘的来读写信息是十分必要的。
一种象这样的传统兼容光学头,是由公布号为7-98431的日本专利申请公开的众所周知的技术,在该项技术中,物镜的接收侧安装有一个全息透镜,利用零级透射光的发射角和被全息透镜折射的一级衍射光之间的不同,在具有不同厚度的光盘记录表面上分别形成校正过像差的光点。然而,按照这项技术,全息透镜的衍射效率最多为40%。再加上从光学头中射出的光顺着光路要两次通过全息透镜,因此会显著地减少光电探测器上最终接收到的光量。
此外,塔脱森诺(Tatsuno)等人的5281797号美国专利提供了一项借助具有两个不同直径的孔洞的平板、照相机使用的光圈机构或液晶器件(LCD)来调节物镜数值孔径(NA)的技术。在采用平板或光圈机构的情况下,需要用复杂的装置进行机械驱动。在采用LCD的情况下,可以通过电信号直接驱动。然而,由于疲劳和热阻,LCD难以在长时间内可靠地工作。
此外,在物镜被机械驱动时,两个根据光盘厚度进行了最优化的物镜可能会被交替使用,而这是不希望的。
本发明的目的是要提供一个兼容于不同厚度光盘的再现和记录光学头,该光学头具有非机械和非电驱动的物镜数值孔径(NA)调节装置,以便对具有不同厚度的光盘都形成校正过像差的光点,并且它能获得比采用全息透镜的传统光学头更高的光效率。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提出的用于记录或再现信息的光学头,其具有一个光源、一个用于将光源产生的光聚焦到光盘上的物镜和一个通过接收光盘的反射光来检测信号的光电检测器,它还包括:一块透明板,具有以衍射光栅图案所形成的中心部分,用于将光源来的光折射到物镜上、和可以透过光线的透明部分,其中被衍射光栅图案分离的零级透射光和穿过透明部分的光被物镜聚焦到薄光盘上,被衍射光栅图案衍射的正向一级光被物镜聚焦到厚光盘上。
按照本发明,在光源和物镜之间可能安装有一个分束器,用于将从光源射向物镜的入射光的光路分叉,其中具有衍射光栅图案的透明板被放置在光源和分束器之间。
此外,本发明也可以按以下方式构成:分离衍射光栅放置在物镜和透明板之间,用于将透射过透明板的光衍射成零级光和正、负向一级衍射光,其中光电检测器包括第一和第二光接收部分,用于相应地接收被从不同厚度的光盘上反射回来的零级透射光的反射光;和第三及第四光接收部分,用于接收正向和负向一级衍射光。
本发明的上述目的和优点通过参照附图对最佳实施例的详细说明将变得更加清楚。在附图中:
图1是按照本发明的一个实施例所构成的、兼容于具有不同厚度的光盘的再现和记录光学头的光学结构示意图;
图2是一个剖面图,表示了图1中所示的具有衍射光栅图案的透明板中的光路情况;
图3是图1中所示的光电检测器的详细的平面图。
图4是按照本发明的另一个实施例所构成的、兼容于具有不同厚度的光盘的再现和记录光学头的光学结构示意图;
图5是一个剖面图,表示了图4中所示的衍射光栅的光路情况;
图6是图4中所示光电检测器的详细平面图。
下面参照附图对本发明作详细说明。
在图1中,标号1代表光源,标号2表示具有衍射光栅图案3(见图2)的透明板,标号4表示分束器,标号5表示物镜,标号6和7分别表示薄和厚的光盘,标号8表示一个像散透镜,标号9表示光电检测器,标号10表示控制器,标号11表示物镜操作机构。这里两个光盘6和7具有不同的厚度,例如高密度薄光盘6是0.6毫米厚的数字式视盘,而厚光盘7是1.2毫米厚的压缩光盘。光源1采用一个激光二极管发射激光束。由光源1发射的光经过透明板2、被分光器4反射后、被物镜5分别聚焦到光盘6和7上。从光盘6和7上反射回来的光通过物镜5、分束器4并经象散透镜8被光电检测器9接收。光电检测器9检测信号以再现记录在光盘6(7)上的信息,同时还检测表明了物镜对相应的光盘6(7)聚焦和跟踪的位置的信号,然后将该信号送入控制器10。控制器10驱动操作机构11以便调节聚焦并按照传送的信号调节补偿物镜5的跟踪误差。
在上述结构中,如图2所示,透明板2在其中心部分刻有衍射光栅图案3。从光源1发射的并通过透明板中心部分(即刻有衍射光栅图案3区域)的光束12被衍射光栅图案3衍射,而光束13通过透明部分(即透明板衍射光栅图案3周围的区域)透过除了衍射光栅3外的那些区域。透明板2的衍射光栅图案3使入射光衍射并通过远轴部分。换言之,由于对薄光盘6使用了物镜5孔径的全部区域来对光线进行聚焦,所以在薄光盘6上能形成非常细小的光点。物镜5还使正向一级衍射光15聚焦在厚光盘7上。此时,由于使用了物镜5孔径的有限部分,所以能在厚光盘7上形成经校正像差的光点。这里,零级透射光14和远轴部分的光13的发射角是不变的,因此在薄光盘6上形成的很小的光点是沿着物镜5的光轴形成的。而正向一级衍射光由于其发射角稍有变化,所以它在厚光盘7上的光点和物镜5的光轴稍有一点间隔(见图1)。
图3是图1中所示光电检测器9的平面图。光电检测器9由第一光接收部分16和第二光接收部分17组成。第一和第二接收部分16和17每个都被划分为四个区域,分别为A-D和E-H。第一光接收部分16形成在与物镜5中心轴同轴的位置上,以便接收从薄光盘6反射来的光,第二光接收部分17紧靠第一光接收部分16,用来接收厚光盘7的反射光。因此,当使用薄光盘6或厚光盘7时,来自光电检测器9的第一光接收部分16和第二光接收部分17的信号和各自的再现信号分别如下:
当使用薄光盘6时,
S1=Sa+Sb+Sc+Sd……再现信号
S2=(Sa+Sc)-(Sb+Sd)……聚焦误差信号
S3=(Sa+Sb)-(Sc+Sd)……跟踪误差信号
当使用厚光盘7时,
S4=Se+Sf+Sg+Sh……再现信号
S5=(Se+Sg)-(Sf+Sh)……聚焦误差信号
S6=(Se+Sf)-(Sg+Sh)……跟踪误差信号
这里,Sa到Sh是所分割的区域A到h的相应的输出信号。
其中的聚焦和跟踪误差信号传送给控制器10(图1),控制器反过来按照该聚焦和跟踪误差信号来控制操作机构11,以便调整物镜5的垂直和水平位置。
图4是按照本发明的另一个实施例构成的兼容于不同厚度光盘的再现和记录光学头,其中和图1相同的数字标号表示相同的部件,在该实施例中使用三束光来检测跟踪伺服信号。在这个实施中,该光学头在透明板2和分光器4之间,还放置一个衍射光栅18,它的光电检测器9′如图6所示还包括第三接收部分19和第四接收部分20。参见图5,衍射光栅18做成不均匀的形状,并将入射光衍射成零级透射光21和正、负一级衍射光22和23。因此,如图4所示的物镜5对零级透射光21和正、负一级衍射光22和23进行聚焦并在光盘6(7)上形成三个光点。参见图6,零级透射光21的每一束反射光都被光电检测器9′的第一和第二光接收部分16和17接收,正、负一级衍射光22和23的每一束反射光都被第三和第四光接收部分19和20接收。再现信号和聚焦误差信号以同上面描述的相同方式形成,跟踪误差信号S7按以下方式形成:
S7=Si-Sj此处Si和Sj分别是第三和第四光接收部分19和20的检测信号。换言之,按照这个实施例,不管光盘的厚度如何,在检测用于跟踪伺服系统的跟踪误差信号时,通常可以使用操作电路,这样可以简化电路和伺服系统。
如上面所描述的,按照本发明,为了在具有不同的厚度的光盘上都能形成经校正像差的光点,本发明采用了一块在其一部分上刻有衍射光栅的透明板,借此获得一个简单的,光学上稳定的光学头。这和传统的光学头通过驱动光圈机构来实现这一目的有很大不同。另外,按照本发明的光学头比传统的使用全息透镜的光学头有更高的光效率。特别是,按照本发明,来自不同厚度的光盘的反射光是由光电检测器的第一和第二光接收部分分别接收的,所以可以使再现信号的检测相互不发生干扰。此外,不管光盘的厚度如何,按照本发明的光学头能精确检测用于各个光盘的聚集和跟踪误差,且能达到稳定的操作。
本发明不局限于上面说明和附图中提到的光学头类型或物镜的聚焦和跟踪伺服方法,相反,应当包括在本发明精神和所附的权利要求范围内的各种变化和修正。

Claims (7)

1、一种兼容于不同厚度的光盘的再现和记录光学头,具有一个光源、一个将所述光源发出的光聚焦到所述光盘上的物镜、和一个通过接收光盘的反射光来检测信号的光电检测器,还包括:
一块透明板,该板的中心部分具有衍射光栅图案,并用于将所述光源发射来的光衍射到所述的物镜上,该板还具有允许光通过的透明部分,
其中,被所述衍射光栅图案分离的零级透射光和通过所述透明部分的光被所述物镜聚焦到薄光盘上,而被所述衍射光栅图案衍射的正向一级衍射光被所述物镜聚焦到厚光盘上。
2、一个如权利要求1所述的兼容于不同厚度的光盘的再现和记录光学头,其中所述透明板上的所述的衍射光栅图案是锯齿形的。
3、一个如权利要求1所述的兼容于不同厚度的光盘的再现和记录光学头,还包括一个分束器,它放置在所述光源和所述物镜之间,用于将从所述光源去到所述物镜的入射光的光路分开,其中所述的透明板具有所述的衍射光栅图案,并被设置在所述光源和所述分束器之间。
4、一个如权利要求1所述的兼容于不同厚度的光盘的再现和记录光学头,其中所述的光电检测器具有第一和第二光接收部分,用于分别接收从所述的薄光盘和厚光盘来的反射光。
5、一个如权利要求4所述的兼容于不同厚度的光盘的再现和记录光学头,其中所述的光电检测器的第一和第二光接收部分的每一个都是由在垂直和水平方向交叉分开的四个区域组成的,同时在到所述光电检测器的光路上还包含有一个像散透镜。
6、一个如权利要求1所述的兼容于不同厚度的光盘的再现和记录光学头,进一步还包括,放置在所述物镜和透明板之间的衍射光栅,用于将经过所述透明板的透射光衍射成零级透射光和正、负一级衍射光,其中所述的光电检测器包括第一和第二接收部分,分别用于接收从所述的不同厚度的光盘反射来的所述的零级透射光;以及第三和第四接收部分,用于接收所述的正、负一级衍射光的反射光。
7、一个如权利要求6所述的兼容于不同厚度的光盘的再现和记录光学头,其中所述的光电检测器的第一和第二光接收部分每一个都是由四个区域组成的,这些区域在垂直和水平方向交叉分开,同时在到所述光电检测器的光路上还具有一个像散透镜。
CN96121478A 1995-12-07 1996-12-07 兼容于具有不同厚度的光盘的再现和记录光学头 Expired - Fee Related CN1077999C (zh)

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MY117678A (en) 2004-07-31
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