CN115843489B - Method for promoting germination of polygonatum sibiricum seeds - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, and provides a method for promoting germination of polygonatum sibiricum seeds. After harvesting the polygonatum seeds, removing the pericarp, soaking the polygonatum seeds with 30-100ppm berberine at 40-50 ℃ for 0.5-1h, fishing out the seeds, and drying in the shade. Mixing rhizoma Polygonati seeds, gypsum Fibrosum and parched semen Cassiae, packaging with air-permeable bag, placing in 3m deep cellar, taking out seeds 3 days before sowing, adding Oletum Trogopterori, placing in cellar for 48-72 hr with humidity of 70-80%, and sowing the above mixture together.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, in particular to a method for promoting germination of polygonatum sibiricum seeds.
Background
Rhizoma Polygonati (Polygonati rhizoma) is dried rhizome of Polygonatum kingianum (Polygonatum kingianum Coll. Et hemsl.) of Liliaceae, polygonatum sibiricum (Polygonatum sibiricum Red.) or Polygonatum cyrtonema (Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua). Rhizoma polygonati has the effects of tonifying qi and yin, moistening lung, strengthening spleen, nourishing kidney and the like, and is a traditional Chinese medicine which is frequently used clinically. Modern researches have shown that rhizoma Polygonati can enhance immunity and effectively prevent middle-aged and senile diseases. At present, the demands on the rhizoma polygonati in the market are vigorous, and as wild resources of the rhizoma polygonati are exhausted, many areas begin to be planted manually. The planting mode of the rhizoma polygonati mainly comprises seed sowing, rhizome propagation and tissue culture propagation. At present, rhizoma polygonati is mainly bred along the rhizome, the problem of serious seed degeneration and the like is caused by the asexual breeding of multiple generations, and the problems of low seed germination rate, irregular emergence and the like exist in the asexual breeding. Therefore, the problems of low germination rate and irregular seedling emergence of the polygonatum sibiricum seeds are to be solved in production.
The present patent application related to promoting germination of polygonatum sibiricum seeds: the germination rate of the polygonatum cyrtonema seeds is improved by treating river sand and 200mg/kg gibberellin, and the germination rate of the polygonatum cyrtonema seeds is improved to more than 83% by adopting the method; in the patent application of the pretreatment method for promoting the seedling formation of the polygonatum cyrtonema seeds, the polygonatum cyrtonema seeds are subjected to first soaking by using a growth hormone solution, and the sand storage of the polygonatum cyrtonema seeds after the first soaking is carried out for 60-120 d at the temperature of 2-4 ℃; carrying out second soaking on the sand-stored polygonatum cyrtonema seeds by using a gibberellin solution at the temperature of 35-40 ℃ to obtain pretreated polygonatum cyrtonema seeds, wherein the seedling stage of the pretreated polygonatum cyrtonema seeds only needs 2-3 months, but the seedling emergence rate is only 40-60%; in addition, according to the invention patent application with the application number of CN201710579886.3 and the invention name of a treatment method of polygonatum cyrtonema seeds, germination is promoted by a seed fermentation method, and the integrity of the seeds obtained by the treatment method is more than 90%; the invention patent application with the application number of CN201810013836.3 and the invention name of a method for promoting germination of polygonatum cyrtonema seeds passes KNO 3 Soaking seeds in the solution, adding hormone to improve germination, and culturing for 45 days by the method to ensure that the germination rate is 57.8% at most. Based on the above patent, there is a need to provide a method for promoting Polygonatum sibiricum seed to increase germination rate of Polygonatum sibiricum seed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for promoting germination of polygonatum sibiricum seeds, which solves the problem of low germination rate of polygonatum sibiricum seeds in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a method for promoting germination of rhizoma polygonati seeds, which comprises the step of sowing rhizoma polygonati seeds, gypsum, semen cassiae and trogopterus dung in a mixed manner.
As a further technical scheme, the mass ratio of the polygonatum seeds to the gypsum, the cassia seeds and the trogopterus dung is 1: (0.1-0.5): (1-5): (0.1-1).
As a further technical scheme, the mass ratio of the polygonatum seeds to the gypsum, the cassia seeds and the trogopterus dung is 1:0.2:2:0.5.
as a further technical scheme, the semen cassiae is stir-fried semen cassiae.
In the invention, the semen cassiae product is prepared from dry mature seeds of Cassia tora Cassia obtusifolia L or cassiae tora L of leguminous plants, contains components such as chrysophanol, aurantiin and the like, and is fried by slow fire until the surfaces of the seeds are slightly bulged and fragrant, thereby being beneficial to release of active ingredients.
As a further technical scheme, before the rhizoma polygonati seeds are mixed with gypsum, semen cassiae and trogopterus dung for sowing, the rhizoma polygonati seeds are pretreated, and the pretreatment is as follows: removing pericarp from rhizoma Polygonati seeds, soaking in berberine, taking out, and drying in shade.
As a further technical scheme, the soaking temperature is 40-50 ℃ and the soaking time is 0.5-1h.
As a further technical scheme, the concentration of berberine is 30-100ppm.
As a further technical scheme, the pretreatment is performed after the harvesting of the polygonatum sibiricum seeds.
As a further technical scheme, before the mixed sowing, the rhizoma polygonati seeds, the gypsum and the stir-fried cassia seeds are mixed and then placed in a cellar for storage, the trogopterus dung is taken out and added 3 days before sowing, and then placed in the cellar for storage.
As a further technical scheme, after the trogopterus dung is added, the trogopterus dung is placed in a cellar for 48-72 hours.
As a further technical scheme, the humidity in the cellar is 70% -80%.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. according to the invention, gypsum, semen cassiae and trogopterus dung are used for accelerating germination in stages, substances generated in the post-ripening process of rhizoma polygonati seeds are absorbed by utilizing the cold property of gypsum and semen cassiae, and trogopterus dung is mixed with rhizoma polygonati seeds under the condition of high humidity before sowing, so that the rhizoma polygonati seeds can be effectively hypnotized, and the germination rate of the rhizoma polygonati seeds is improved. Mixing and sowing rhizoma Polygonati seeds with gypsum, semen Cassiae and Oletum Trogopterori, wherein the gypsum can absorb heat released by rhizoma Polygonati seeds and microelements participate in absorption and transportation, and can kill harmful microorganisms on the surfaces of seeds; the semen cassiae can provide instant nutrition for the germinated seeds; the trogopterus dung carries microorganisms such as lactobacillus, bacillus, enterococcus and escherichia, the nutrition components, the effective components and the microelements, and under the condition that the humidity is 70-80%, the effective components of the trogopterus dung and hormone contained in the effective components can be attached to the surface of seed coats or permeate into seeds, and the gypsum, the semen cassiae and the trogopterus dung act synergistically, so that the germination rate of rhizoma polygonati seeds is obviously improved, and the emergence rate of the rhizoma polygonati seeds is improved.
2. According to the invention, before sowing, the polygonatum seeds, the gypsum, the stir-fried cassia seeds and the trogopterus dung are mixed and then placed in the cellar for storage, and the weak heat conductivity, small temperature change range and stable humidity change of the cellar storage soil are utilized, so that the temperature and humidity of the polygonatum seeds are ensured to be relatively stable during storage, and the winter temperature of the cellar with the depth of 3m is more than 0 ℃, thereby being beneficial to the after-ripening of the polygonatum seeds.
3. In the invention, the berberine has the inhibiting or killing effect on various bacteria, fungi, mould, viruses, protozoa and nematodes, and the berberine is used for soaking the polygonatum seed, so that pathogenic microorganisms on the surface of the polygonatum seed can be killed, and the germination of the polygonatum seed is promoted.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
After harvesting Polygonatum sibiricum seed at the beginning of 9 months, removing pericarp of Polygonatum sibiricum seed, soaking in 30ppm berberine at 40deg.C for 0.5 hr, taking out the seed, and drying in shade. The rhizoma polygonati seeds, gypsum and stir-fried semen cassiae are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:0.2:2, mixing, packaging by using a breathable bag, placing in a cellar with the depth of 3m for storage, taking out 3 days before 4 months of initial sowing, and according to the mass ratio of the polygonatum seeds to the trogopterus dung of 1:0.5 adding trogopterus dung, and storing in cellar for 48 hr. In the process of storage, the humidity in the cellar is controlled to be 70%.
Example 2
After harvesting Polygonatum sibiricum seed at the beginning of 9 months, removing pericarp of Polygonatum sibiricum seed, soaking with 100ppm berberine at 50deg.C for 1h, taking out the seed, and drying in the shade. The rhizoma polygonati seeds, gypsum and stir-fried semen cassiae are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:0.2:2, mixing, packaging by using a breathable bag, placing in a cellar with the depth of 3m, taking out 3 days before sowing in the beginning of 4 months, and according to the mass ratio of the polygonatum seeds to the trogopterus dung of 1:0.5 adding trogopterus dung, and storing in cellar for 72 hr. In the process of storage, the humidity in the cellar is controlled to be 80%.
Example 3
After harvesting Polygonatum sibiricum seed at the beginning of 9 months, removing pericarp of Polygonatum sibiricum seed, soaking with 75ppm berberine at 50deg.C for 1h, taking out the seed, and drying in the shade. The rhizoma polygonati seeds, gypsum and stir-fried semen cassiae are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:0.2:2, mixing, packaging by using a breathable bag, placing in a cellar with the depth of 3m, taking out 3 days before sowing in the beginning of 4 months, and according to the mass ratio of the polygonatum seeds to the trogopterus dung of 1:0.5 adding trogopterus dung, and placing in a cellar for 60h, wherein the humidity in the cellar is controlled to be 75% in the storage process.
Example 4
After harvesting Polygonatum sibiricum seed at the beginning of 9 months, removing pericarp of Polygonatum sibiricum seed, soaking with 30ppm berberine at 45deg.C for 0.5h, taking out the seed, and drying in the shade. The rhizoma polygonati seeds, gypsum and stir-fried semen cassiae are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:0.1:1, packaging by using a breathable bag, placing in a cellar with the depth of 3m, taking out 3 days before sowing in the beginning of 4 months, and according to the mass ratio of rhizoma polygonati seeds to trogopterus dung of 1:0.1 adding trogopterus dung, placing in a cellar, and storing for 48h, wherein the humidity in the cellar is controlled to be 70%.
Example 5
After harvesting Polygonatum sibiricum seed at the beginning of 9 months, removing pericarp of Polygonatum sibiricum seed, soaking with 30ppm berberine at 45deg.C for 0.5h, taking out the seed, and drying in the shade. The rhizoma polygonati seeds, gypsum and stir-fried semen cassiae are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:0.5:5, mixing, packaging by using a breathable bag, placing in a cellar with the depth of 3m, taking out 3 days before sowing in the beginning of 4 months, and according to the mass ratio of the polygonatum seeds to the trogopterus dung of 1:1 adding trogopterus dung, and storing in a cellar with humidity of 70% for 48 hr.
Comparative example 1
After harvesting Polygonatum sibiricum seed at the beginning of 9 months, removing pericarp of Polygonatum sibiricum seed, soaking in 30ppm berberine at 40deg.C for 0.5 hr, taking out the seed, and drying in shade. The rhizoma polygonati seeds, gypsum and stir-fried semen cassiae are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:0.8:2, mixing, packaging with a breathable bag, placing in a cellar with a depth of 3m for storage, and taking out the seeds 3 days before 4 months of initial sowing.
Comparative example 2
After harvesting Polygonatum sibiricum seed at the beginning of 9 months, removing pericarp of Polygonatum sibiricum seed, soaking in 30ppm berberine at 40deg.C for 0.5 hr, taking out the seed, and drying in shade. Sand-storing Polygonatum sibiricum seed at outdoor deep 2m, taking out the seed 3 days before sowing in the beginning of 4 months, and according to the mass ratio of Polygonatum sibiricum seed to Oletum Trogopterori of 1:0.5 adding trogopterus dung, and storing in cellar for 48 hr. In the process of storage, the humidity in the cellar is controlled to be 70%.
Comparative example 3
After harvesting Polygonatum sibiricum seed at the beginning of 9 months, removing pericarp of Polygonatum sibiricum seed, soaking in 30ppm berberine at 40deg.C for 0.5 hr, taking out the seed, and drying in shade. Sand-storing Polygonatum sibiricum seed at 2m deep outside, and taking out the seed 3 days before sowing in the beginning of 4 months.
Comparative example 4
After the Polygonatum sibiricum seed is harvested at the beginning of 9 months, the Polygonatum sibiricum seed is stored in a cool place.
Comparison experiment:
(1) The experimental method comprises the following steps:
after harvesting the polygonatum seeds in 9 months, taking 13500 polygonatum seeds, and equally dividing into 9 groups of 1500 polygonatum seeds, wherein 1-5 groups of polygonatum seeds are respectively treated according to the method of the embodiment 1-5, and 6-9 groups of polygonatum seeds are respectively treated according to the method of the comparative embodiment 1-4. And at the beginning of 4 months, taking the treated Polygonatum sibiricum Red seeds, measuring energy substances and physiological indexes of the Polygonatum sibiricum Red seeds, sowing according to 20 kg/mu, exposing buds in the next half year of the second year, and observing and counting the emergence rate in spring of the third year.
The energy substance comprises soluble protein and soluble sugar, wherein the soluble protein content is determined by coomassie brilliant blue method, and the soluble sugar content is determined by anthrone-sulfuric acid method.
The physiological index includes Peroxidase (POD) activity and Catalase (CAT) activity, wherein the POD activity is measured by a guaiacol method and the CAT activity is measured by an ultraviolet absorption method.
(2) Experimental results:
the energy substances, physiological indexes and emergence rate test results of 9 groups of Polygonatum sibiricum seeds are shown in table 1:
table 1 9 group polygonatum seed energy substance, physiological index and emergence rate test results
As can be seen from table 1, the energy substance, the physiological index and the emergence rate of the polygonatum seeds treated in the 1-5 groups are higher than those in the 6-9 groups, which indicates that the treatment of the polygonatum seeds by the method of the embodiment 1-5 of the invention significantly improves the energy substance and the physiological index of the polygonatum seeds and the quality of the polygonatum seeds suitable for germination, thereby significantly improving the emergence rate of the polygonatum seeds.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for promoting germination of rhizoma polygonati seeds is characterized by mixing and sowing rhizoma polygonati seeds, gypsum, semen cassiae and trogopterus dung;
the mass ratio of the polygonatum seeds to the gypsum, the cassia seeds and the trogopterus dung is 1: (0.1 to 0.5): (1-5): (0.1-1);
the semen Cassiae is parched semen Cassiae;
before mixed sowing of the polygonatum seeds, gypsum, cassia seeds and trogopterus dung, the polygonatum seeds are pretreated, and the pretreatment is as follows: removing pericarp from rhizoma Polygonati seeds, soaking in berberine, taking out the seeds, and drying in the shade;
the soaking temperature is 40-50deg.C, soaking time is 0.5-1h, and berberine concentration is 30-100ppm.
2. The method for promoting germination of rhizoma polygonati seeds according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the rhizoma polygonati seeds to gypsum, stir-fried semen cassiae and trogopterus dung is 1:0.2:2:0.5.
3. the method for promoting germination of Polygonatum sibiricum seed as set forth in claim 1, wherein the pretreatment is performed after harvesting the Polygonatum sibiricum seed.
4. The method for promoting germination of rhizoma Polygonati seeds according to claim 1, wherein the rhizoma Polygonati seeds, gypsum Fibrosum and semen Cassiae are mixed before sowing, stored in cellar, taken out 3 days before sowing, added with Oletum Trogopterori, and stored in cellar.
5. The method for promoting germination of Polygonatum sibiricum seed as set forth in claim 4, wherein the Oletum Trogopterori is added and stored in a cellar for 48-72 hours.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the humidity in the cellar is 70% -80%.
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| CN108293360A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-07-20 | 安徽省华禾种业有限公司 | A kind of pepper seed method for culturing seedlings |
| CN109463064A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-03-15 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of preprocess method promoting polygonatum cyrtonema seed seedling |
| CN111492886A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-08-07 | 西藏自治区农牧科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Method for directly seeding sophora moorcroftianain seeds |
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