CN115825560B - Intelligent phase checking method of electric power network based on frequency tracking technology - Google Patents
Intelligent phase checking method of electric power network based on frequency tracking technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of low-voltage power distribution and utilization side nuclear phase, and discloses a frequency tracking technology-based intelligent nuclear phase device and method for a low-voltage power network, wherein the technical scheme is as follows: the intelligent nuclear phase device comprises an FPGA processing board, a signal acquisition circuit board, a contact type hook antenna and a non-contact type antenna, wherein the contact type hook antenna and the non-contact type antenna are respectively connected with the signal acquisition circuit board, and the signal acquisition circuit board is connected with the FPGA processing board. Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention adopts a two-antenna design, two paths of signal acquisition paths and a non-contact antenna acquisition path to acquire and track the fluctuation signals in the power grid in real time, record and analyze the line power frequency characteristics and counteract the actual errors caused by the fluctuation of the long-time power frequency signals; the problem of nuclear phase accuracy is low in the detection moving process of the nuclear phase device due to the influence of real-time fluctuation and change of the frequency of the power grid signal in the circuit is solved, the frequency fluctuation of the signal in the power grid is tracked and recorded in real time, and the phase detection accuracy is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of low-voltage power distribution and utilization side nuclear phase, in particular to a frequency tracking technology-based intelligent nuclear phase method for a low-voltage power network.
Background
With the development of the age and the progress of technology, the demand of electricity is increasing, the scale of the power system is expanding, and the operation mode and the topology structure of the power system are becoming more and more complex. In particular in a part of the power environment such as villages and towns, the lines extending from the transformer side of the transformer area to the low voltage supply and distribution network in the user's home are often cluttered. The problem of high line loss rate caused by factors such as unbalanced load often occurs in the transformer area, and when load adjustment or new equipment installation of monitoring is carried out, field staff often encounters the problem of difficult three-phase resolution. The manual phase sequence distinguishing along the line is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and has high error rate, thereby bringing great inconvenience to the field fault first-aid repair operation.
The nuclear phase is to judge whether the two line signals are in phase or not by detecting the phase difference of the two line signals A and B, and usually defaults that the phase difference of the two line signals is less than or equal to 30 degrees and is in phase, otherwise, is out of phase. Phase checking becomes particularly important in situations where line confusion and three-phase resolution is difficult. The existing phase difference detection technology is divided into hardware implementation and software programming implementation. The hardware implementation mainly converts the phase difference of two paths of signals to be measured into a voltage signal or a current signal through a corresponding sensor, so that the phase difference of the two paths of signals to be measured is solved in an inverse mode, but the hardware design is complex, the cost of a sensor device is high, and the measurement accuracy is low.
The software programming is to calculate the signal difference between two lines to be measured in the processor chip through corresponding processing algorithm. The main current processing algorithm for detecting the phase difference is a zero-crossing detection method, namely, a power frequency signal is acquired at a point A, the power frequency signal is positioned to a zero-crossing point moment t1 of the power frequency signal, the power frequency signal is acquired at a point B, the power frequency 50Hz signal is positioned to a zero-crossing point moment t2 of the power frequency signal, the fixed period of 20ms is utilized, the time difference between the zero-crossing points of two paths of signals is calculated through the remainder, so that the phase difference is obtained, and the phase information at the moment t1 and the moment t2 are real-time signal information acquired through a front-end collector of a nuclear phase detector. When calculating the power frequency signal period between the time t1 and the time t2, the assumption is that the power frequency signal is fixed at 50Hz, and the power grid frequency is actually fluctuated in real time, and the single-terminal detection equipment cannot sense the power frequency change rule between the two times in the moving process from the point A to the point B, so that the problem of phase judgment errors is often caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a frequency tracking technology-based intelligent phase checking method for a low-voltage power network, and the aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
the intelligent phase checking method of the electric power network based on the frequency tracking technology comprises the following steps:
step 1: the contact type hook antenna collects power frequency signals, sends the power frequency signals to the signal conditioning circuit, and then executes the step 2;
step 2: the signal conditioning circuit amplifies and filters the signals, performs lifting treatment and enters the synchronous ADC sampling circuit to obtain the phase information of the power grid signals of A, B and then executes the step 7;
step 3: the non-contact antenna collects power frequency signals, sends the power frequency signals to the signal conditioning circuit, and then executes the step 4;
step 4: the signal conditioning circuit amplifies and filters the signal, enters an automatic gain control circuit and then executes the step 5;
step 5: the automatic gain control circuit automatically corrects the gain according to the size of an input signal, amplifies the input weak mV-level signal, attenuates the signal exceeding the requirement of the ADC input range, stabilizes the amplitude of an output signal within the range of 0-2.5V in the design, enters a phase-locked loop circuit, and then executes the step 6;
step 6: the phase-locked loop module circuit locks the frequency and the phase of an input signal to realize the fluctuation frequency f of a power grid in In the moving process of the nuclear phase device, outputting 128 fixed pulses in a changing period, carrying out lifting treatment on the signals, entering a synchronous ADC sampling circuit, and executing the step 7;
step 7: the synchronous ADC sampling circuit is driven by a square wave with 128 times of grid frequency output by the phase-locked loop circuit to sample in real time, ADC sampling signals enter the FPGA processing board to obtain the actual power frequency signal period number in the moving process, and then the step 8 is executed;
step 8: the FPGA processing board detects zero crossing points of signals acquired by the ADC, calculates phase difference through an algorithm, judges whether two paths of signals are in phase, and a phase difference calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, T0 is the moment when the contact type hook antenna collects the line signal of the line A, T1 is the moment when the point A starts to stably collect the information of the zero crossing point of the fluctuating power frequency signal in the space through the non-contact type antenna, T2 is the moment when the point B starts to stably collect the information of the zero crossing point of the fluctuating power frequency signal in the space through the non-contact type antenna, T3 is the moment when the contact type hook antenna collects the line signal of the line B, N is the signal period number collected between the moment T1 and the moment T2, the time difference precision of the initial and the final time directly influences the phase difference, thereby influencing the nuclear phase precision, the GNSS module is used for transmitting 1PPS pulse signal every second, carrying out time service calibration on the FPGA, avoiding the offset of the internal timing clock of the FPGA and ensuring the accuracy of the nuclear phase calculation result;
step 9: and the nuclear phase result is displayed to a user through the LED lamp phase display module.
The method is implemented by means of an intelligent phase checking device of a power grid, and the phase checking device comprises an FPGA processing board, a signal acquisition circuit board, a contact type hook antenna and a non-contact type antenna, wherein the contact type hook antenna and the non-contact type antenna are respectively connected with the signal acquisition circuit board, and the signal acquisition circuit board is connected with the FPGA processing board.
The contact type hook antenna and the non-contact type antenna are two front-end signal acquisition devices which are respectively connected with two paths of signal conditioning circuits;
the contact type hook antenna signal acquisition path acquires power frequency signals, amplifies and filters the signals, and then carries out lifting treatment to directly enter the synchronous ADC sampling circuit to obtain power grid signal phase information of A, B two places;
the non-contact antenna signal acquisition path is used for sensing electric field change of the power grid radiated into the space, acquiring power frequency signals in the space in real time in the A, B two-place moving process, amplifying and filtering the signals, and then entering the automatic gain control circuit;
the signal acquisition circuit board includes: the system comprises a two-way signal conditioning circuit, an automatic gain control circuit, a phase-locked loop circuit, a GNSS module circuit, a synchronous ADC sampling circuit and an LED lamp phase display module;
the FPGA processing board is used for detecting zero crossing points of signals acquired by the ADC, calculating phase difference through an algorithm and judging whether the two paths of signals are in phase or not; in the phase-locked loop circuit, a hardware divider is replaced, and the signal output by phase locking is fed back to the phase-locked loop circuit after N dividing operation is performed on the signal.
The output of the automatic gain control circuit is connected with a phase-locked loop circuit, the phase-locked loop circuit can lock the frequency and the phase of an input signal, and the fluctuation frequency f of a power grid is realized in The phase-locked loop circuit comprises a phase comparator and a voltage-controlled oscillator VCO.
The GNSS module circuit automatically sends out 1PPS standard second pulse signals according to GPS/Beidou satellites, calibrates the FPGA, is used for guaranteeing the output accuracy of an internal counter of the FPGA, replaces an MCU (micro control unit) processor with the FPGA, acquires the 1PPS pulse signals sent by the GNSS module at regular time by the FPGA for time service calibration, and eliminates accumulated errors of zero crossing points caused by crystal oscillator deviation.
Synchronous ADC sampling circuit for power grid fluctuation frequency f in The real-time change of the signal is tracked and sampled, so that accurate judgment can be ensured when the subsequent FPGA detects the zero crossing of the signal, and errors are reduced.
The frequency/phase comparator of the phase-locked loop detects that a phase difference exists between an input power grid signal and a signal which is output by the FPGA and is subjected to 128-time frequency division, an error voltage is output, the error voltage drives the VCO output frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillator to change, the FPGA compares the VCO output frequency after carrying out 128-time frequency division with the power grid signal again, the VCO output frequency changes along with the change of the power grid frequency through repeated phase discrimination and adjustment, and the VCO output frequency is always kept to be 128 times of the power grid signal frequency.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows: the problem of nuclear phase accuracy is low in the detection moving process of the nuclear phase device due to the influence of real-time fluctuation and change of the frequency of the power grid signal in the circuit is solved. The frequency fluctuation of signals in the power grid can be tracked and recorded in real time, so that the detection accuracy is improved from 80% to 99% when the actual line signals are sensed, the product performance is improved, and meanwhile, the application scene of the product is greatly expanded.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a nuclear phase apparatus connection according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a phase locked loop module of the phase locked device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the phase checking method of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the nuclear phase process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a schematic diagram of connection of a nuclear phase device according to the present invention is shown, and the intelligent nuclear phase device for a low-voltage power network based on a frequency tracking technology includes an FPGA processing board, a signal acquisition circuit board, a contact hook antenna and a non-contact antenna, where the contact hook antenna and the non-contact antenna are respectively connected with the signal acquisition circuit board, and the signal acquisition circuit board is connected with the FPGA processing board.
The contact type hook antenna and the non-contact type antenna are two front-end signal acquisition devices which are respectively connected with two paths of signal conditioning circuits;
the contact type hook antenna signal acquisition path acquires power frequency signals, amplifies and filters the signals, and then carries out lifting treatment to directly enter the synchronous ADC sampling circuit to obtain power grid signal phase information of A, B two places;
the non-contact antenna signal acquisition path is used for sensing electric field change of the power grid radiated into the space, acquiring power frequency signals in the space in real time in the A, B two-place moving process, amplifying and filtering the signals, and then entering the automatic gain control circuit;
the signal acquisition circuit board includes: the system comprises a two-way signal conditioning circuit, an automatic gain control circuit, a phase-locked loop circuit, a GNSS module circuit, a synchronous ADC sampling circuit and an LED lamp phase display module;
the FPGA processing board is used for detecting zero crossing points of signals acquired by the ADC, calculating phase difference through an algorithm and judging whether the two paths of signals are in phase or not; in the phase-locked loop circuit, a hardware divider is replaced, and the signal output by phase locking is fed back to the phase-locked loop circuit after N dividing operation is performed on the signal.
The output of the automatic gain control circuit is connected with a phase-locked loop circuit, the phase-locked loop circuit can lock the frequency and the phase of an input signal, and the fluctuation frequency f of a power grid is realized in The phase-locked loop circuit comprises a phase comparator and a voltage-controlled oscillator VCO.
The GNSS module circuit automatically sends out 1PPS standard second pulse signals according to GPS/Beidou satellites, calibrates the FPGA, is used for guaranteeing the output accuracy of an internal counter of the FPGA, replaces an MCU (micro control unit) processor with the FPGA, acquires the 1PPS pulse signals sent by the GNSS module at regular time by the FPGA for time service calibration, and eliminates accumulated errors of zero crossing points caused by crystal oscillator deviation.
Synchronous ADC sampling circuit for power grid fluctuation frequency f in The real-time change of the signal is tracked and sampled, so that accurate judgment can be ensured when the subsequent FPGA detects the zero crossing of the signal, and errors are reduced.
As shown in fig. 2, which is a schematic diagram of a phase-locked loop module of the phase-locked loop, a frequency/phase comparator of the phase-locked loop detects that an input power grid signal and a signal which is output by the FPGA and is subjected to 128-time frequency division, and outputs an error voltage, the error voltage drives a VCO output frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillator to change, the FPGA compares the VCO output frequency after performing 128-time frequency division with the power grid signal again, and the VCO output frequency changes along with the change of the power grid frequency through repeated phase discrimination and adjustment, so that the VCO output frequency is always kept to be 128 times of the power grid signal frequency.
As shown in fig. 3, which is a flowchart of a phase checking method, a frequency tracking technology-based intelligent phase checking method for a power grid comprises the following steps:
step 1: the contact type hook antenna collects power frequency signals, sends the power frequency signals to the signal conditioning circuit, and then executes the step 2;
step 2: the signal conditioning circuit amplifies and filters the signals, performs lifting treatment and enters the synchronous ADC sampling circuit to obtain the phase information of the power grid signals of A, B and then executes the step 7;
step 3: the non-contact antenna collects power frequency signals, sends the power frequency signals to the signal conditioning circuit, and then executes the step 4;
step 4: the signal conditioning circuit amplifies and filters the signal, enters an automatic gain control circuit and then executes the step 5;
step 5: the automatic gain control circuit automatically corrects the gain according to the size of an input signal, amplifies the input weak mV-level signal, attenuates the signal exceeding the requirement of the ADC input range, stabilizes the amplitude of an output signal within the range of 0-2.5V in the design, enters a phase-locked loop circuit, and then executes the step 6;
step 6: the phase-locked loop module circuit locks the frequency and the phase of an input signal to realize the fluctuation frequency f of a power grid in In the moving process of the nuclear phase device, outputting 128 fixed pulses in a changing period, carrying out lifting treatment on the signals, entering a synchronous ADC sampling circuit, and executing the step 7;
step 7: the synchronous ADC sampling circuit is driven by a square wave with 128 times of grid frequency output by the phase-locked loop circuit to sample in real time, ADC sampling signals enter the FPGA processing board to obtain the actual power frequency signal period number in the moving process, and then the step 8 is executed;
step 8: the FPGA processing board detects zero crossing points of signals acquired by the ADC, calculates phase difference through an algorithm, judges whether two paths of signals are in phase, and a phase difference calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, T0 is the moment when the contact type hook antenna collects the line signal of the line A, T1 is the moment when the point A starts to stably collect the information of the zero crossing point of the fluctuating power frequency signal in the space through the non-contact type antenna, T2 is the moment when the point B starts to stably collect the information of the zero crossing point of the fluctuating power frequency signal in the space through the non-contact type antenna, T3 is the moment when the contact type hook antenna collects the line signal of the line B, N is the signal period number collected between the moment T1 and the moment T2, the time difference precision of the initial and the final time directly influences the phase difference, thereby influencing the nuclear phase precision, the GNSS module is used for transmitting 1PPS pulse signal every second, carrying out time service calibration on the FPGA, avoiding the offset of the internal timing clock of the FPGA and ensuring the accuracy of the nuclear phase calculation result;
step 9: and the nuclear phase result is displayed to a user through the LED lamp phase display module.
As shown in fig. 4, which is a schematic diagram of the nuclear phase process of the present invention, the whole nuclear phase process is as follows: the wave recording key is pressed at the point A, the point A line signal is collected through the contact type hook antenna at the moment T0, then the frequency of the power grid signal is detected through the non-contact type antenna, and the zero crossing point information of the power frequency signal fluctuating in the space is collected at the moment T1. At the moment, the handheld device moves to the point B, the change of the power grid is continuously monitored through the non-contact antenna in the moving process from the ground A to the ground B, and the waveform of the power grid is acquired at 128 times of the actual power grid frequency. And after the point B is reached, pressing the wave recording key again to acquire the information of the line B by the contact type hook antenna at the moment T2. An n×128 point waveform is recorded by the non-contact antenna, N is a positive integer, and at this time is recorded as T3, thereby obtaining an average period (T3-T1)/N.
The above embodiments are illustrative of the specific embodiments of the present invention, and not restrictive, and various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the relevant art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, so that all such equivalent embodiments are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. The intelligent phase checking method of the electric power network based on the frequency tracking technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: the contact type hook antenna collects power frequency signals, sends the power frequency signals to the signal conditioning circuit, and then executes the step 2;
step 2: the signal conditioning circuit amplifies and filters the signals, performs lifting treatment and enters the synchronous ADC sampling circuit to obtain the phase information of the power grid signals of A, B and then executes the step 7;
step 3: the non-contact antenna collects power frequency signals, sends the power frequency signals to the signal conditioning circuit, and then executes the step 4;
step 4: the signal conditioning circuit amplifies and filters the signal, enters an automatic gain control circuit and then executes the step 5;
step 5: the automatic gain control circuit automatically corrects the gain according to the size of an input signal, amplifies the input weak mV-level signal, attenuates the signal exceeding the requirement of the ADC input range, stabilizes the amplitude of an output signal within the range of 0-2.5V in the design, enters a phase-locked loop circuit, and then executes the step 6;
step 6: the phase-locked loop module circuit locks the frequency and the phase of an input signal to realize the fluctuation frequency f of a power grid in In the moving process of the nuclear phase device, outputting 128 fixed pulses in a changing period, carrying out lifting treatment on the signals, entering a synchronous ADC sampling circuit, and executing the step 7;
step 7: the synchronous ADC sampling circuit is driven by a square wave with 128 times of grid frequency output by the phase-locked loop circuit to sample in real time, ADC sampling signals enter the FPGA processing board to obtain the actual power frequency signal period number in the moving process, and then the step 8 is executed;
step 8: the FPGA processing board detects zero crossing points of signals acquired by the ADC, calculates phase difference through an algorithm, judges whether two paths of signals are in phase, and a phase difference calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, T0 is the moment when the contact type hook antenna collects the line signal of the line A, T1 is the moment when the point A starts to stably collect the information of the zero crossing point of the fluctuating power frequency signal in the space through the non-contact type antenna, T2 is the moment when the point B starts to stably collect the information of the zero crossing point of the fluctuating power frequency signal in the space through the non-contact type antenna, T3 is the moment when the contact type hook antenna collects the line signal of the line B, N is the signal period number collected between the moment T1 and the moment T2, the time difference precision of the initial and the final time directly influences the phase difference, thereby influencing the nuclear phase precision, the GNSS module is used for transmitting 1PPS pulse signal every second, carrying out time service calibration on the FPGA, avoiding the offset of the internal timing clock of the FPGA and ensuring the accuracy of the nuclear phase calculation result;
step 9: the nuclear phase result is displayed to a user through an LED lamp phase display module;
the method is implemented by means of an intelligent phase checking device of a power grid, and the intelligent phase checking device comprises an FPGA processing board, a signal acquisition circuit board, a contact type hook antenna and a non-contact type antenna, wherein the contact type hook antenna and the non-contact type antenna are respectively connected with the signal acquisition circuit board, and the signal acquisition circuit board is connected with the FPGA processing board;
the contact type hook antenna and the non-contact type antenna are two front-end signal acquisition devices which are respectively connected with two paths of signal conditioning circuits;
the contact type hook antenna signal acquisition path acquires power frequency signals, amplifies and filters the signals, and then carries out lifting treatment to directly enter the synchronous ADC sampling circuit to obtain power grid information of A, B two places;
the non-contact antenna signal acquisition path is used for sensing electric field change of the power grid radiated into the space, acquiring power frequency signals in the space in real time in the A, B two-place moving process, amplifying and filtering the signals, and then entering the automatic gain control circuit;
the signal acquisition circuit board includes: the system comprises a two-way signal conditioning circuit, an automatic gain control circuit, a phase-locked loop circuit, a GNSS module circuit, a synchronous ADC sampling circuit and an LED lamp phase display module;
the FPGA processing board is used for detecting zero crossing points of signals acquired by the ADC, calculating phase difference through an algorithm and judging whether two paths of signals are in phase or not; in the phase-locked loop circuit, a hardware divider is replaced, and the signal output by phase locking is fed back to the phase-locked loop circuit after N-division operation is performed on the signal;
the automatic gain control circuit output is connected with the phase-locked loop circuit, the phase-locked loop circuit can lock the frequency and the phase of an input signal, real-time change tracking of the power grid fluctuation frequency fin is realized, the changed power grid signal is tracked in real time in the moving process of the phase-checking device, 128 pulses are output in a changed period, and the phase-locked loop circuit comprises a phase comparator and a voltage-controlled oscillator VCO.
2. The intelligent nuclear phase method of the power grid based on the frequency tracking technology is characterized in that a GNSS module circuit automatically sends out a 1PPS standard second pulse signal according to a GPS/Beidou satellite, the FPGA is calibrated, the accuracy of the output of an internal counter of the FPGA is guaranteed, the FPGA is used for replacing an MCU processor, the FPGA regularly collects the 1PPS pulse signal sent by the GNSS module to perform time service calibration, and accumulated errors of zero crossing points caused by crystal oscillator deviation are eliminated.
3. The intelligent phase checking method of the electric network based on the frequency tracking technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the synchronous ADC sampling circuit is used for tracking and sampling the real-time change of the fluctuation frequency fin of the electric network, ensuring accurate discrimination in the subsequent FPGA when detecting the zero crossing of the signal and reducing errors.
4. A method for intelligent nuclear phase of a power grid based on frequency tracking technology according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the frequency/phase comparator of the phase-locked loop detects that a phase difference exists between an input power grid signal and a signal which is output by the FPGA and is subjected to 128-time frequency division, an error voltage is output, the error voltage drives the VCO output frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillator to change, the FPGA compares the VCO output frequency after carrying out 128-time frequency division with the power grid signal again, and the VCO output frequency is changed along with the change of the power grid frequency through repeated phase discrimination and adjustment and is always kept to be 128 times of the power grid signal frequency.
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