CN1157555A - Chewing gum base manufacturing process using plurality of lubricating agents feed inlets - Google Patents

Abstract

process for continuously producing a chewing gum base comprises the steps of continuously adding a hard elastomer, a filler and lubricating agents into a continuous (10), subjecting the elastomer, filler and lubricating agents to a dispersive mixing operation and followed by a distributive mixing operation and continuously discharging the resulting chewing gum base from the mixer while the adding and mixing steps are in progress. The lubricating agents are introduced into the continuous mixer at a plurality of spatially separated feed inlets (12, 13, 14 and 15). Preferably part of the lubricating agents are introduced into the mixer with the hard elastomer and the filler prior to the dispersive mixing zone, and a portion of the lubricating agents are introduced into the mixer downstream of the dispersive mixing zone but prior to the distributive mixing zone.

Description

Adopt the chewing gum base manufacture process of a plurality of lubricant supply openings

The application is that the part of following U.S. Patent application continues: 1) application number 08/126,319, and on September 24th, 1993 proposed, and is called " using the continuous chewing gum base manufacture process that highly distributes and mix " now; 2) application number 08/136,589, and on October 14th, 1993 proposed, and name is called " using a continuous chewing gum base manufacture process of mixing limiting part " now, and it is the part continuation of application number 08/126,319; 3) application number 08/141,281, and on October 22nd, 1993 proposed, and name is called " uses the manufacturing of the continuous chewing gum base of splash bar mixing.4) application number 08/361, on December 22nd, 759,1994 proposed, and name is called " according to the continuous chewing gum manufacturing of base concentrate ", it is that the application number that proposed on September 13rd, 1994 is that 08/305,363 title is the part continuation of " the overall chewing gum manufacturing of using high-efficiency and continuous to mix "; With 5) application number proposition on December 22nd, 08/362,254,1994, name is called " the overall chewing gum manufacturing of having used high-efficiency and continuous to mix ", and it also is the part continuation of application number 08/305,363.The suggested content of above-mentioned each file is in this article all as with reference to data.

The present invention is intended to the continuous process of chewing gum base.

A kind of typical chewing gum base includes one or more synthetic rubber, one or more fillers, one or more synthetic rubber solvents, softening agent and any plastic polymer and shades of colour, spices and antioxidant.Owing to begin to be difficult to equably synthetic rubber to be dissolved in and be distributed in other each colloid base-material composition, so the batch production process of the manufacturing of colloid base-material when generally being a superfluous expenses of labour.For example, before once the used sigma cutter batch mixer of the processing of this routine has and back blade speed ratio be 2: 1 and the about 80-125% of mixing temperature.

In the process of this routine, beginning is added in the sigma cutter blender that has heated and mixed at synthetic rubber, synthetic rubber solvent and the filler of part, dissolves or soaks into and complete and synthetic rubber solvent and filler mix up to synthetic rubber.Then, progressively order is dosed synthetic rubber, synthetic rubber solvent, softening agent, filler and other composition of remainder, doses that step needs time enough on usually so that it mixes before the multicomponent fully adding more.According to the composition of stablizing chewing gum base,, may need very big patience to guarantee that multiple composition mixes fully particularly according to elastomeric quantity and type.In a word, use conventional sigma cutter blender anywhere, all might need 1 to 4 hours incorporation time to make a collection of chewing gum base.

After mixing, the colloid base-material that this batch dissolved must be injected into from blender in container jacket or lining, perhaps resemble in the such equipment of storage container or filter with being pumped into other, extruding or castable then, and before preparing to be used for chewing gum, make its cooling and curing.This extra processing and cooling even need more time.

Take various effort to attempt to simplify and reduce the colloid base-material and made the required time.European Patent Publication No 0273809 in French General Foods Corp., pointed out a kind of processing method, it mixes synthetic rubber and filler composition in an industrial type blender of milling, form a kind of non-sticky premix, expect to be divided into fragment and at least a other non-sticky colloid base-material composition of these premix fragments is mixed in a powder blender closing in advance then, thereby make the non-stick chewing gum base-material.In addition, these premix fragments and other base-material composition can become to be added in the extruder with other chewing gum, directly produce chewing gum.

Still pointed out a kind of processing method of using two screw thread extruders manufacturing colloid base concentrates with the French Patent (FRP) publication number 2 635 441 in the name of French General Foods Corp..This concentrate is prepared by HMW synthetic rubber and plasticiser are mixed and send in the extruder in desired ratio.Mineral filler is added to the downstream of the synthetic rubber/elasticizer mixture material mouth of extruder.The colloid base concentrate that is drawn has high-intensity synthetic rubber.

People's such as Ehrgott U.S. Patent number 3,995,064 has been pointed out and has been used a series of blenders or a single variable blender continuously making plastics matter base-material.

People's such as Koch U.S. Patent number 4,187,320 point out out a kind of two stage process methods of preparing chewing gum base in the phase I, a kind of solid synthetic rubber, a kind of synthetic rubber solvent and a kind of strong matter plasticiser under the effect of big shearing force in conjunction with and mix.In second stage, a kind of hydrophobicity plasticiser, a kind of nontoxic ethene polymers and a kind of emulsifying agent are added in this mixture also with big shearing force mixing.

People's such as Del Angel U.S. Patent number 4,305,962 have pointed out a kind of synthetic rubber/resinogen to criticize, its process is that a kind of fine gtinding esterification colloid resin and a kind of synthetic rubber latex are mixed into a kind of gel, use sodium chloride and sulfuric acid that this gel is solidified, the solid debris of having solidified is separated from liquid phase, and disposed remaining water.

People's such as De Tora United States Patent (USP) 4,459,311 have disclosed the blender that uses each separation makes that the colloid matrix--one is high intensity mixer, is used at filler preplasticizing synthetic rubber, be a middle intensity blender subsequently, be used for finally all colloid base-material compositions being mixed.

People's such as D ' Amelia U.S. Patent No. 4,968 if 511 disclosed certain vinylite and be used as the synthetic rubber part, can use the synthetic processing of single stage directly to make chewing gum (need not make a kind of mesogalia base-material).

Several publications point out, former used one independently processing method can use a continuous extruder to produce final chewing gum product after producing chewing gum base.These slice things comprise: people's such as Degady United States Patent (USP) 5,135,760; People's such as Lesko United States Patent (USP) 5,045,325; The United States Patent (USP) 4,555,407 that proposes with people such as Kramer.

No matter the effort before above-mentioned, in the chewing gum industry a kind of continuous processing processing still there are demand and hope, it can be used to make the chewing gum base of various complexity significantly effectively, need not restriction elastomeric type or the quantity of adopting, and need not premixed synthetic rubber or other preliminary treatment measure.

Although colloid base-material manufacturing processing method is desirable continuously, also there are some difficulties.One of difficult point is exactly a continuous device in case set up and carry out work, just has a given treated length.In fact this length is limited by commercial available length, and usually less than the length that may wish with the angle of colloid base-material manufacturing.Therefore, married operation is littler than the free degree of conventional batch processing continuously.For example, in a batch process, if need long incorporation time, mixing so continuously is exactly a simple thing.But the time of staying is the function of operating rate and feed rate in the continuous mixing device.Therefore, in order to change incorporation time, must adjust and regulate some other factor.In addition, in a batch process, can add extra composition at any time.Commercial continuous mixing device has a limited number of inlet at the place, fixed position.Therefore extra composition can only be added at the predetermined point place in mixed process.

In addition, in a batch mixer, disperse and change and the control arbitrarily of distribution mixing energy.In a continuous mixing device, usually also can influence another kind of the mixing to a kind of Compositing Change.Mix used mechanical quantity if increase big shearing, so just do not have what machinery to be applicable to the mixing that distributes.Moreover, if gather way, may produce the heat that exceeds the apparatus cools ability so.

Having run into one of specific question between period of expansion in continuous colloid base-material manufacturing processing method is that the flexibility of the characteristic of chewing gum base, particularly colloid is colloid base-material composition and the function that acts on the mixing condition of these compositions.But mixing condition still is the function of colloid base-material composition, and the type of used complex element, the function of the richness of the temperature of each composition and viscosity and tempering tank.For example, if the synthetic rubber solvent of high-load is arranged,, in blender, produce less positive mixing in base-material so because the synthetic rubber solvent has served as lubricant.Otherwise if filler content height in the colloid base-material, mixing is very positive so, and may cause the synthetic rubber excessive decomposition.

A kind of method that it has been found that the control mixture length is exactly to be equivalent to lubricated colloid base-material composition in the interpolation of many inlets position in the mixed process continuously, is particularly disperseing to be provided required composition part in all chewing gum bases at hard synthetic rubber simultaneously by mastication between mixing period.

In one aspect, the present invention is a flow process that is used for producing continuously chewing gum base, form by continuously the chewing gum base composition being added to a step in the continuous mixing device, wherein the chewing gum base composition comprises hard synthetic rubber, filler and one or more lubricants, continuous mixing device has at least one and separates the inlet that separates on mixed zone and at least one distribution mixed zone and the many spaces, at least one hard synthetic rubber and a part of lubricant by one or more before separating the mixed zone end points inlet be injected into blender, and a part of lubricant is injected into blender by one or more downstream and charging apertures before the end points of distribution mixed zone of separating the mixed zone of being positioned at; In blender, make the chewing gum base composition stand continuous mixed running, thereby produce chewing gum base; And when the chewing gum base composition constantly is introduced into blender and mixes, from blender, discharge chewing gum base continuously within it.

Aspect second, the present invention is a flow process that is used for producing continuously chewing gum base, form by the step of continuously the chewing gum base composition being added in the continuous mixing device, wherein the chewing gum base composition includes hard synthetic rubber, filler and one or more lubricants, continuous mixing device comprises charging aperture and the bucket with predetermined length that separates on many spaces, the hard synthetic rubber of at least a portion and a part of lubricant are injected into the one or more charging apertures between 40% before bucket length, and a part of lubricant is positioned at by one or more that charging aperture within 60% is injected into after barrel length; Make the chewing gum base composition between blender, stand continuous married operation, thereby produce chewing gum base; And when the chewing gum base composition constantly is injected into and mixes in blender, continuously chewing gum base is discharged from blender.

Aspect the 3rd, the present invention is a flow process that is used for producing continuously chewing gum base, form by continuously the chewing gum base composition being added to a step in the continuous mixing device, wherein the chewing gum base composition comprises hard synthetic rubber, filler and one or more lubricants, continuous mixing device has the charging aperture that separates on many spaces, high shearing hydrid component and the low shearing hydrid component that is positioned at high shearing hydrid component downstream, the hard synthetic rubber of at least a portion and a part of lubricant are positioned at or charging aperture before high shearing hydrid component is injected into blender by one or more, and a part of lubricant by one or more in high shearing hydrid component downstream and be positioned at or charging aperture before low shearing hydrid component is injected into blender; Make the chewing gum base composition in blender, stand continuous action, thereby produce chewing gum base; And when the chewing gum base composition constantly is injected into and mixes, constantly from blender, discharge chewing gum base in blender.

Aspect the 4th, the present invention is a flow process that is used for producing continuously chewing gum base, form by continuously chewing gum base being added to a step in the continuous mixing device, wherein the chewing gum base composition comprises hard synthetic rubber, filler and one or more lubricants, continuous mixing device has at least one and disperses the charging aperture that separates on mixed zone and at least one distribution mixed zone and the many spaces, the hard synthetic rubber of at least a portion, a part lubricant and at least a portion filler by one or more be positioned at disperse the mixed zone end points before charging aperture be injected into blender, and a part of lubricant disperses downstream, mixed zone and the charging aperture before the end points of distribution mixed zone to be injected into blender by one or more being positioned at, be optimized to so that the colloid base-material contains the lubricant of desired quantity in the ratio of the amounts of lubrication of disperseing to be added before the end points of mixed zone, and the dispersion mixing is effective to the hard synthetic rubber of suitable mastication with the amounts of lubrication of being added in dispersion downstream, mixed zone; Make chewing gum base composition continuous mixed running within blender, thereby produce chewing gum base; And when the chewing gum base composition constantly is introduced into and mixes, constantly from blender, discharge chewing gum base in blender.

The present invention has lot of advantages.At first, chewing gum base is produced in a continuous flow process.If desired, its output can be used to supply a continuous chewing gum production line, perhaps, if can finish enough mixing in the first of blender, just can produce complete chewing gum so in a blender.The second, the mean residence time of chewing gum base composition reduces to several minutes from a few hours.The 3rd, interpolation that all are necessary and colloid base-material synthesis step can both carry out successively, preferably use a single continuous-blending equipment.The 4th, preferable enforcement is executed example and is assigned to improve the metering and the mixing of medium or low viscosity colloid base-material composition by add these one-tenth under pressure liquidly.The 5th, the present invention is effective to a lot of colloid base-material compounds, comprises different colloid base-material synthetic rubber and synthetic rubber ratio, need not premixed synthetic rubber or other preliminary treatment.The 6th, the colloid base-material product of seeking survival has as required been eliminated the stock who finishes base-material.Thereby can make reaction the most flexibly to the change of the market demand and cooperation.The 7th, high-quality colloid base-material comprises that those contain high-quality fat, and the base-material of oil and/or LMP wax can both be made continuously.

Above-mentioned and other characteristics of the present invention and advantage are according to the detailed description of following this preferred embodiment and in conjunction with appended example and accompanying drawing, and it is clearer to become.

Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram that a width of cloth is used for a kind of pair of screw thread extruder of the present invention.

Fig. 2 shows one group of used in Fig. 1 extruder shearing disk.

Fig. 3 shows the one group of tooth components that is used in Fig. 1 extruder.

Fig. 4 shows the one group of agitator disk that is used in Fig. 1 extruder.

Fig. 5 shows the many agitator disks that are provided with in a spiral manner, constitutes to stir piece.

Fig. 6 a-e shows the continuous schematic diagram of colloid base-material composition in the mixed processing process.

Fig. 7 shows the perspective view of a veneer hybrid blade, is used for another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is the side view of Fig. 1 hybrid blade.

Fig. 9 a is the front view of Fig. 7 hybrid blade, and what illustrate is zero degree rotation (being called the position No. 1).

Fig. 9 b is the front view of Fig. 7 hybrid blade, and what illustrate is 45 ° and is rotated counterclockwise (being called the position No. 2).

Fig. 9 c is the front view of Fig. 7 hybrid blade, and what illustrate is 90 ° and is rotated counterclockwise (being called the position No. 3).

Fig. 9 d is the front view of Fig. 7 hybrid blade, and what illustrate is 135 ° and is rotated counterclockwise (being called the position No. 4).

Figure 10 a is the perspective view that a width of cloth is used in the supply part (not being blade part) in the blade mixer feed zone.

Figure 10 b is the front view of Figure 10 a supply part.

Figure 11 a is the perspective view that a width of cloth can be used for the preceding spiral hybrid blade of blade mixer.

Figure 11 b is the front view of spiral hybrid blade before width of cloth Figure 11 a.

Figure 11 c is the top view according to the preceding spiral hybrid blade of 11a, only shows the top traversed by line 92 and the reference line 91 that are superimposed upon on the end traversed by line 90.

Figure 12 a is the perspective view that a width of cloth can be used in the despining hybrid blade in the blade mixer.

Figure 12 b is the top view of width of cloth Figure 12 a backpitch hybrid blade, anti-top traversed by line 92 and the reference line 91 that is superimposed upon on the end traversed by line 90 that show.

Figure 13 is the perspective view of the overall blade combination construction of a width of cloth blade mixer.

Figure 14 be a width of cloth can with blade mixer shown in Figure 13 the combine bucket that uses and the schematic diagram of loader.

Figure 15 is the drawing in side sectional elevation that a width of cloth takes off along Figure 14 straight line 15-15 place, shows the relation between rotating vane and the bucket wall.

Figure 16 is the schematic diagram of two blade mixers of width of cloth serial layout.

Figure 17 is that a width of cloth is used to realize that the partial cutaway of the efficient blade of the Buss-pin blender of another embodiment of the present invention shows phantom view, shows a tempering tank and mixing auger and arranges.

Figure 18 a is the perspective view that a width of cloth is used in the helical element at one side place, Figure 17 Hi-mixer confinement ring parts upstream.

Figure 18 b is the perspective view that a width of cloth is used in the helical element at Figure 17 Hi-mixer confinement ring components downstream one side place.

Figure 18 c is the perspective view that a width of cloth is used in the confinement ring parts on Figure 17 Hi-mixer.

Figure 19 is a width of cloth perspective view, shows the relative position of Figure 18 a, 18b, each parts of 18c in Figure 17 Hi-mixer.

Figure 20 is the perspective view that a width of cloth is used in low shearing mixing auger parts in Figure 17 Hi-mixer.

Figure 21 is the perspective view that a width of cloth is used in high shearing mixing auger parts in Figure 17 Hi-mixer.

Figure 22 is the perspective view that a width of cloth is used in the straight pin parts in Figure 17 Hi-mixer.

Figure 23 is the schematic diagram of the layout of the mixing straight pin that uses together of a width of cloth and Figure 17 Hi-mixer and composition inlet.

Figure 24 is the schematic diagram of the present preferable mixing auger structure that uses together of a width of cloth and Figure 17 Hi-mixer.

As mentioned before, colloid base-material composition plays function between colloid base-material mixing period and in the final colloid property of the made chewing gum of this base-material.When high high-shear dispersion was mixed, filler was used to increase shearing.Some other colloid base-material composition reduces shearing as lubricant.Most synthetic rubber solvents, soft synthetic rubber, plastic polymer and softening agent are generally as lubricant in continuous colloid base-material manufacturing process.Some lubricant resembles polyisobutene and synthetic rubber solvent and causes synthetic rubber to decompose, and then can not mixing with synthetic rubber of other only mixes and shearing work as lubricated.

In order to obtain best shearing in the limited blending space in continuous mixing device, the amounts of lubrication of introducing before the distribution mixed zone in the blender may regular meeting be less than desirable amounts of lubrication in the final colloid base-material thus.Therefore, method of the present invention is injected lubricant at many inlets place, so that the shearing displacement that in the blender of finite part, can obtain wishing, and from the angle of mouthfeel and cost, final colloid base-material can also comprise all from mouthfeel and the desired synthetic rubber that has of cost angle, filler and lubricant.Preferably, that part of lubricant that added before disperseing mixing will be used as hard synthetic rubber solvent the sort of.

In one embodiment of the invention, if disperse mixing energy continuous mixing device bucket length preceding 40% in finish, be best.Therefore, in one embodiment of the invention, the lubricant of first will inject the bucket length preceding 40% within, and second portion will be added to barrel length back 60% within.

Can be separating between the lubricant type separating of lubricant between a charging aperture is with another, for example synthetic rubber solvent and soft synthetic rubber, perhaps preferably a kind of stable lubricants separately.For example, used terpene resin preferably can separate and add at two or three inlets in the colloid base-material.

Lubricant between a charging aperture and another charging aperture separately can be at dissimilar lubricants, such as synthetic rubber solvent and soft synthetic rubber between separately, or be better a kind of special lubricant separately.Such as, the terpene resin that is used for the colloid base-material preferably can separate at two or more charging apertures place and add.

The present invention has also considered a kind of method of optimize making the chewing gum base process in continuous process, and it is realized up to reaching suitable mixing by the ratio of the lubricant that is adjusted at different inlets and injects.For example, in battery of tests, for each run, same colloid base-material composition is added in the same position of blender, and just synthetic rubber various ratios between with 85: 15 to 55: 45 when being added in the blender at two difference places are separated.The proportion that desirable ratio that will draw optimization process and test will be used certainly will be according to the type of the composition of colloid base-material, used blender and the layout of blender hydrid component.

The chewing gum base of being made by flow process of the present invention will be identical with the base-material that old process is made, and therefore can be manufactured into the conventional chewing gum that is drawn by conventional method, comprise bubble gum.Production method is a called optical imaging, therefore no longer repeats herein.Certainly, resemble these special chewing gums of inviscid chewing gum and bubble gum, will use special colloid base-material composition, but those colloid base-material compositions can use the processing method described in the literary composition to combine.

Generally, a kind of formation of chewing gum includes water-soluble portion, the non-water-soluble masticable colloid base-material parts of bulk usually and water miscible flavouring agent is arranged usually.Water-soluble portion and flavouring agent part is through disappearing after a while when chewing.The colloid base is constrained in the mouth by chewing.

The insolubility gum base generally comprises synthetic rubber, synthetic rubber solvent, softening agent and artificial filler.Usually also contain and resemble this thermoplastic polymer that plays the plasticiser effect a little of polyvinyl acetate.Other operable thermoplastic polymer comprises polyvinyl alcohol contract alkene, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidine.

Synthetic rubber can account for the about 5% to 95% of colloid base-material weight, better is to account for 10% to 70% of weight, and preferably 15% of weight to 45%.Synthetic rubber can be drawn together polyisobutene, buttress rubber (isobutene-different luxuriant alkene polymers), styrene butadiene rubber, polyisoamylene and butadiene rubber by gadolinium, and natural rubber, for example cigarette is done or liquid rubber slurry and guayule, and lac, for example gelutong, lechi caspi, perillo, massaranduba balata, massaranduba chocolate, nispero, rosindinda, tunny gum, gutta hangkang or its mixture.

Synthetic rubber used in the chewing gum base can be divided into hard synthetic rubber or soft synthetic rubber usually.Hard synthetic rubber is modal to be buttress rubber and styrene butadiene rubber, has HMW usually, generally is the Florey molecular weight greater than 200000.Used a kind of typical buttress rubber generally has about 400,000 Florey molecular weight in chewing gum base.Hard synthetic rubber is that those need high high-shear dispersion to mix the rubber that just is used in the chewing gum base.Even hard synthetic rubber at room temperature can not flow in the time that prolongs yet, even and be heated to when just being lower than the temperature that to soften subsequently yet unavailable pump and inhale.

Soft synthetic rubber has lower molecular weight, generally is the Florey molecular weight less than 100,000.Polyisobutene and polybutadiene generally are soft synthetic rubber.Used typical polyisobutene has about 53000 Florey molecular weight in chewing gum base.Soft synthetic rubber can be inhaled with pump generally being used to make on the temperature of chewing gum base usually, and will flow under the big room temperature, although its stream very slow usually.

Except the Florey molecular weight, also stipulated the Stodinger molecular weight sometimes.The Stodinger molecular weight generally is 1/3 to 1/5 of a Florey molecular weight.For example, have the polyisobutene of 53000 Florey molecular weight, have about 12000 Stodinger molecular weight.Often report the average or weight average molecular weight of quantity, and do not report measuring method.In this case, with above-listed elastomeric functionality and in producing chewing gum base they how to mix common can be used for synthetic rubber is divided into hard or soft.

The synthetic rubber solvent can account for the about 0% to 25% of gum weight, better is and 5% to 45% of weight preferably to account for the 10%-30% of weight.The synthetic rubber solvent comprises natural rosin fat, the glyceride of wood rosin for example, the glyceride of partial hydrogenation rosin, the glyceride of newtrex, the glyceride of part dimerization colophonium, the glyceride of rosin, the pentaerythritol ester of partial hydrogenation rosin, the methyl of rosin and portion's hydrogenation methyl ester, the rosin fat of the pentaerythritol ester of rosin, rosin glycerin ester or its mixture.The synthetic rubber solvent also comprises synthetic, for example the terpene resin that draws from australene, nopinene and/or d-limonene.

Softening agent comprises oil, fat, wax and emulsifying agent.Oil ﹠ fat has the plasticiser of being called, comprises tallow, lard, hydrogenation and partial hydrogenation rape oil, soya-bean oil for example, cottonseed oil, palm oil, coconut oil, sunflower oil and cereal oil, cocoa butter.With the lipides of making by the triglyceride of aliphatic acid.Usually the wax that adopts comprises polymer wax, paraffin, crystallite and native paraffin, for example candelila wax, beeswax and Brazil wax.Paraffin can be considered to plasticiser.Microwax, particularly those waxes with senior crystal can be considered to thickening agent or structure regulator.

Sometimes the emulsifying agent that also has plasticizing characteristic comprises glycerin monostearate, the mono and di-glycerides of lecithin, aliphatic acid, list and bi-tristearin, triacetin, acetyl monoglyceride and triacetin.

The colloid base-material comprises also that generally filler composition, filler composition can be calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, talcum, Dicalcium Phosphate or similar thing.Filler can account for about 5% to 60% of colloid base-material.Preferably, filler accounts for about 5% to 50% of colloid base-material weight.

In addition, the colloid material can also comprise composition arbitrarily, for example antioxidant, color and spices.

The temperature that obtains in the blender usually changes on the length range of blender.Peak temperature in being furnished with the dispersion mixed zone of high shearing hydrid component is greater than 175 ℃ of F, is preferably greater than 250 °F and preferably greater than 300 °F, and for some colloidal substances base-material manufacture method even reach 350 °F.

Insolubility colloid base-material can account for the colloid amount about 5% to 80% between.More common is, insolubility colloid base-material accounts for 10% to 50% of colloid weight, and the most common be to account for about 20% to 35% of colloid weight.

The water-soluble component of chewing gum can comprise softening agent, fill sweetener, high concentration sweetener, flavouring agent and composition thereof.Softening agent is added in the chewing gum so that performance and mouthfeel take place in chewing of optimization colloid.Softly also be known as plasticiser through agent, account for usually chewing gum weight about 0.5～15% between.Softening agent can comprise glycerine, lecithin and composition thereof.Resembling those moisture sweet solution that contain D-sorbite, hydrogenated starch hydrolysate, corn syrup and composition thereof also can be as softening agent and bond in the chewing gum.

Fill sweetener and account for 5～95% of chewing gum weight, more common is account for chewing gum weight 20～80% and the most normally account for 30～60% of chewing gum weight.Filling sweetener contains sugar and does not contain sugared sweetener and part.Contain sugared sweetener can by contain following composition but the saccharide that is not limited thereto form, this comprises sucrose, glucose, maltose, dextrin, dried invert sugar, fructose, levulose, galactolipin, cereal syrup solid, and similar thing, they can be separately with or the usefulness that combines.Sugar-free sweetener includes the one-tenth of sweet taste characteristic, but does not have common known sugar.Sugar-free sweetener contains but is not limited to sugar alcohol, just as D-sorbite, mannitol, xylitol, hydrogenated starch hydrolysate, maltitol, and similar thing, they can be separately with or the usefulness that combines.

The high concentration sweetener also can be used, and usually and sugar-free sweetener one reinstate.When using, the high concentration sweetener generally accounts for 0.001～5% of chewing gum weight, preferably accounts for 0.01～1% of chewing gum weight, and is general, than multitudinous sugar sweet 20 times at least of high concentration sweeteners.These high concentration sweeteners can comprise, but be not limited thereto, comprise sucralose, aspartame, the salt of acesulfame, alitame, asccharin and salt thereof, cyclic amides acid and salt thereof, glycyrrhizin, dihydrochalcones, thaumatin, monellin and similar thing, it can be separately with or the usefulness that combines.

Containing sugar and nothing contains sugared sweetener and can combine and be used for chewing gum.Sweetener also can be fully or the water-soluble swelling agent of portion in chewing gum.In addition, softening agent can provide extra sweet taste, for example with aqueous sugar or alditol solution.

Usually use flavouring agent in the chewing gum, it accounts for the about 0.1%～15% of chewing gum weight, better is account for chewing gum weight about 0.2～5%, preferably accounts for chewing gum weight about 0.5～3%.Flavouring agent can be by comprising essential oil, synthetic perfume or their mixture, and they comprised is not limited to the following oil that is drawn by plant and fruit, for example lemon oil, the fragrant sugar of fruit, peppermint oil, caryophyllus oil, wintergreen, fennel and similar thing.Artificial flavor and composition also can be used in the fragrance component of the present invention.Natural and artificial flavor can any acceptable manner sensuously combine.

Any composition, pigment for example, emulsifying agent, medicament and extra flavouring agent also can be included in the chewing gum.Use various continuous-blending equipments can implement preferred approach of the present invention.In some embodiments of the invention, more than one continuous-blending equipment will be concatenated together.As used in the claim, the meaning of this speech of continuous mixing device is the blender of a blender or a plurality of series connection.The continuous-blending equipment of describing three kinds of particular types below in detail is also shown in the drawings: double-screw extrusion machine, and blade mixer and leaf pin blender, they are defined as the single-screw extruder.Preferentially select extruder, particularly leaf pin blender in the present invention for use.

A, double-screw extrusion machine

In one embodiment, can on a double-screw extrusion machine as shown in Figure 1, implement the present invention.The double-screw extrusion machine that is used to implement preferred embodiment of the present invention will be provided with several different inlet positions, can add the chewing gum base composition at this.Spiral in the extruder barrel is equipped with dissimilar parts along helix length.These different Mixed Zones are known as treatment region sometimes, and describe with the unit type that is adopted in these zones.This barrel generally is made of different segmentations.These segmentations can irrespectively be heated or cooled with other segmentation.Therefore, generally one by one heating and cooling are carried out in the zone of extruder barrel, these zones are consistent with the segmentation of bucket usually.According to the length of bucket segmentation and the parts in the treatment region, these heating or cooled zones can or can not be consistent with treatment region.

Although different equipment manufacturers make dissimilar parts, the most frequently used type parts comprise transfer unit, compression member, and reverse transfer unit, shearing disk and fluted disc are such make the uniform parts of base-material and stir to tremble coiled and piece.Transfer unit has usually along the spiralling screw thread of the broad gap of parts between the screw thread.These parts are used in the inlet place, fast material are also arrived in the extruder main body.Compression member has screw thread, and its pitch narrows down along moving of screw thread with material.This has produced and has forced material to move down and by required compression and the high pressure along direction of advance of other parts.Oppositely transfer unit has the screw thread opposite with those angles of rifling of transfer unit, and its screw thread is along forcing the direction rotation that moves on the material.These parts provide high buffer brake and material are moved by extruder and slowed down.Certainly, the material that is extruded still only these screw threads move, move down by reverse parts.Stir the reverse acting spiral layout of trembling piece and can produce equifinality.

Shearing disk such as its name are held on the material of extruder and are increased shearing, cause high dispersive to be mixed.Pull in the press at a double helix, mutually opposite shearing disk has sealing mounting disc/channel parts on two different screw threads, as shown in Figure 2.As shown in Figure 3, the tooth parts have the tooth of similar gear, and to mend sleeve relative with cylindricality on another screw thread.Tooth components causes that the distribution of height mixes.Tooth components constitutes a cover that is complementary with a columnar shaft part and a parts of tooth usually as a unit.Agitator disk has elliptical shape as shown in Figure 4, and produces the effect of trembling of stirring during by extruder at material.Usually there are a plurality of agitator disks to arrange that against being thread-shaped as shown in Figure 5, this is known as the stirring piece mutually.

The reverse transfer unit of band barbed portion also can be realized the high mixing that distributes on the use screw thread, makes mobile opposite with compression direction.These barbed portion can be arranged to be parallel to the length of parts and pass the groove of threaded notch.In addition, follow the stirring piece of the reverse transfer unit that produces high buffer brake, also produce high the distribution and mix.

Mix limiting part and produce a high counter-pressure and some mixing, not excessive limited flow.For this reason, nozzle and spout are not suitable as the mixing constraint component.As mentioned above, oppositely transfer unit provides counter-pressure, and becomes the mixing constraint component thus.Similar those shearing disks shown in Figure 2 also produce a high counter-pressure, and become an example that mixes constraint component thus.

High counter-pressure is important, so that other parts, for example those produce high distribution or disperse blend interior spare normally to play a role.In preferred embodiment of the present invention, behind each mixed zone, all use and mix constraint component thus.Preferably just before the colloid base-material withdraws from extruder, use one and mix constraint component.

Useful parts are that everybody is familiar with technically in various types of these parts and other pair screw thread extruder, are available and be used in commercial.These parts are often made particular design for dissimilar double-screw extrusion machines commonly used, and these extruders just comprise to be changeed, reverse, is meshing with each other and tangent double-screw extrusion machine.To be used for which kind of extruder according to them as the parts of said function, will change to some extent in design.

A kind of special form parts of special brand are non-engagement polygon parts, are sold by Farrel company, and the said firm is positioned at 25 Main Street, Arsonia, and Conn.06401 is used for Farrel-Rockstedt corotation double-screw extrusion machine.It is believed that non-engagement polygon produces dispersion and mixes.

In preferable enforcement of the present invention, disperse to mix with minimum that most destroying polymer chain clears up synthetic rubber.Thus,, had better control the dispersion married operation, so that the reduction of this molecular weight reaches minimum although disperse to mix the molecular weight that will inevitably reduce poly-things.Preferably, mean molecule quantity can not be reduced to and be lower than the mean molecule quantity that uses conventional method to be blended into the same polymer in the colloid base-material.

Enough dispersion mixes will produce a kind of smooth, fluid of rubber seemingly, not have any rubbery kernel that perceives.If several rubbery kernels only occur, can remove they sieves or in blend step subsequently powder pure they.But quantity or size as fruit stone are very big, if the form that synthetic rubber of perhaps having handled and filler are rolled into a ball with the origin cause of formation or grain exists, the dispersion that is applied so mixes not enough.

Distributing to mix to be enough to produce uniform colloid base-material, rather than produces the material that is presented as " with the globule ", perhaps has the material of fish-scale shape or cheese formula structure.Preferable executing in the example of the present invention, the high mixing that distributes is enough to softening agent, and particularly softening agents such as fat, oil and wax are combined into identical in conjunction with the degree that these softening agents reached with conventional chewing gum base manufacture process.

As shown in Figure 1, in order to carry out preferred embodiment of the present invention, two screw thread extruders are provided with one first inlet position, 12, the first treatment regions 21 at close first treatment region, 21 places and are furnished with transfer unit 31, conveying and compression member 32 and compression member 35.Second treatment region 23 is furnished with the tooth components 33 shown in the picture group 3 and a few cover shearing disk 34 shown in Figure 2.In the end of second processing place, agent press 1 be furnished with one with vacuum source (not shown) port one 6 mutually.The 3rd treatment region 24 contains extra transfer unit 31, conveying and compression member 32 and compression member 35.On extruder, one second inlet 13 is arranged, be used for toward the outer colloid base-material composition of the 3rd treatment region 24 supplies near these second group of transfer unit 31 place.Inlet 13 can be used for adding powder composition and liquid component from pump 44.The 4th treatment region 25 is equipped with agitator disk 36.The place that begins at the 5th treatment region 26, two screw thread extruders 10 have another and pump 43 inlet mutually and an inlet 14 that links to each other with side feeding machine 42, and this side feeding machine 42 can be a list or two screw thread extruder even can be a gear pump that can produce high pressure.The 5th treatment region 26 is equipped with transfer unit 31, conveying and compression member 32 and compression member 35, and these parts force colloid base-material composition to enter the 6th and last treatment region 28.District 28 includes 2 groups of tooth components 33, is reverse parts 39 and shearing disk 34 subsequently.After passing shearing disk 34, colloid base-material composition is discharged extruder 10.

Heat some composition, perhaps dissolve them or reduce their viscosity, may be better.For this reason as shown in Figure 1, extruder 10 can be provided with and be subjected to thermosol device 44 and 45, links to each other with 43 with pump 41 respectively.The equipment that other is commonly used, for example the equipment of monitoring temperature and heating or cooling extruder is not shown in Fig. 1.Equipment also will comprise conventional weighing and feeding device, be used for adding continuously granular or Powdered composition.All compositions preferably are fed in the extruder by the equipment that is controlled so as to the stable state long journey; But when starting, some compositions of supply earlier before other composition preferably, and move desired speed and supply these compositions to be different from stable state.

People will recognize, Fig. 1 is as a schematic diagram, from flowing through the angle of extruder 10, go out various building blocks by separately order.Generally, threaded rod is installed on the position of side-by-side of level, and inlet, and particularly those resemble the inlet 12 and 13 this inlets that lead to atmosphere, are arranged vertically on threaded rod.

Although the layout of Fig. 1 is proposed to be used in the specific colloid base-material described in the following example, other layout can be proposed to be used in other colloid base-material.Fig. 1 has described one and has had the extruder that three universaling components add district and 6 treatment regions.For some colloid base-material, can use two, four or a plurality of composition supply area with different number treatment regions.Fig. 1 has also described and used one group of each transfer unit 31, conveying and compression member 32 and compression member 35 in first treatment region 21, the conveying and the compression member 32 of one group of weak point in district 24 and 26, and the transfer unit 31 and the compression member 35 of one group of weak point in district 26.In fact, these the zone in can use one, two or more are dissimilar and the parts of length.Fig. 1 has also described one group of tooth components 33 and three groups of shearing disks 34 in district 23, but can use these parts of different numbers or use different parts jointly.In district 25 and 28,, can use the parts of dissimilar generation distribution mixing equally according to colloid composition that in these zones, will mix and used extruder type.

Fig. 6 a-e has expressed the state of various colloid base-material compositions when respectively becoming chewing gum base.Beginning, shown in Fig. 6 a, HMW (firmly) synthetic rubber 51 and middle molecular weight synthetic rubber 52 boths are bulk or granular, and wherein the synthetic rubber molecule tightly connects together.Filler 53 but cannot evenly mix with synthetic rubber 51 and 52 in pelletized form.Synthetic rubber solvent 54 can present the droplet shape.When mixing beginning, shown in Fig. 6 b, it is relevant with synthetic rubber 51 and 52 that synthetic rubber solvent 54 becomes.Along with the appearance of filler 53, synthetic rubber solvent 54 and heating, a material begins to be separated into independent synthetic rubber molecule.And filler 53 becomes and distributes more equably, and its particle size is reduced.Along with the continuation of this process, shown in Fig. 6 c, close 0 one-tenth rubber and become loose.This loose be to make synthetic rubber bear the result that high dispersive is mixed.

After this step, low viscosity composition can be added as polyvinyl acetate, shown in Fig. 6 d.It is discrete granular that beginning, this material also will be, or be the droplet shape when it dissolves.Further mix and further adding ingredient, for example add wax 56 and emulsifying agent 57, be subjected to distributing and mix, shown in Fig. 6 e.The height of proceeding distributes to mix and produces a kind of uniform chewing gum base, and wherein discrete particle or droplet can not felt to obtain.

Synthetic rubber can add at first inlet, 12 places with resembling the such synthetic rubber solvent of resin and filler.But the synthetic rubber that weight is low especially has at least part to add at second inlet, 13 places.Partially filled dose also can be added at second inlet, 13 places.Polyvinyl acetate can be executed extruder 42 or double-screw extrusion machine or gear pump by a powder supplies machine or single spiral shell at feed 12,14 places and add, and fat that is dissolved and fat and oil add at last inlet 15 places.This will cause filler, synthetic rubber and some lubricants at first to be subjected to the high dispersive mixing before low viscosity composition is added.Tooth components 38 after inlet 15, reverse parts 39 and shearing disk 40 cause all low viscosity colloid base-material compositions to mix with other colloid base-material composition height distribution.

A preferable small-sized extruder is German Leistritz, and the LSM30.40 type of Nuerenberg reverses, meshes mutually and tangential double-screw extrusion machine.Other acceptable double-screw extrusion machine comprises: the TEX30HSS32.5PW-2V type of Japanese Steel Works engagement mutually rotates and reverse double-screw extrusion machine, is also referred to as screw davis standard D-Tex type, and it is Crompton ﹠amp; That Knowles company (CT 06379 for #1 Extrusion Dr., Pawcatuck) is provided and Wemer ﹠amp; Pfleiderer company (663E.Crescent Ave., Ramsey N.J.07446) or the mutual engagement double-screw extrusion machine that just changeing or reversing.Preferably has a long bucket length.Werner ﹠amp; The length of the corotation double-screw extrusion machine of Pfleiderer and the ratio of diameter just example (L/D) can reach 48.TEX301HSS32, the 5PW-2V type extruder of Japan SteelWorks company can have 58 L/D ratio.

B, blade mixer

Another kind can be used for realizing that continuous mixing device of the present invention is a blade mixer.Hybrid blade with flat board (non-helical type) configuration has been shown among Fig. 2-9." hybrid blade " this speech is defined as a quadrangle hydrid component in the text, and it has two plane surfaces 86 and 87, reaches two curved surfaces 88 and 89.Plane surface is parallel to each other, and only intersects with curved surfaces.Curved surfaces intersects mutually relatively and at two lines 90 and 91 places mutually.Non-circular (preferably square) opening 94 passes the center of each hybrid blade 85 along the direction of vertical flat surface 86 and 87, and with two equal traversed bies in plane.Opening 94 is used to by predetermined order a plurality of blades (Figure 13) are installed on rotating shaft.

With reference to Fig. 9 a-d, hybrid blade 85 can be arranged on the axle with identical or different mutual relative rotation.For following description, " No. 1 position " determine according to Fig. 9 a, wherein one be drawn on the plane surface 87 and with straight line 90 and 92 straight line and the reference lines overlapping (for example, vertical line) that intersect." No. 2 positions " determined according to Fig. 9 b, and wherein being drawn on the plane surface 87 and with straight line 90 and the 92 straight line relative reference lines that intersect changes 45 ° counterclockwise." No. 3 positions " determined according to Fig. 9 c, and wherein being drawn on the plane surface 87 and with straight line 90 and the 92 straight line relative reference lines that intersect changes 90 ° counterclockwise." No. 4 positions " determined according to Fig. 9 d, and wherein being drawn on the plane surface 87 and with straight line 90 and the 92 straight line relative reference lines that intersect changes 135 ° counterclockwise.

Because the blade 85 in Fig. 9 a-d is symmetrical, therefore needn't further determine the relative rotation position of blade for 180 ° on relative reference line, 225 ° of 270 ° and 315 ° angles.For example, fully (Fig. 9 is overlaid a) with the blade with 0 ° of angle of rotation to have the blade of 180 ° of position of rotation.Equally, it is fully overlapping fully with the blade (Fig. 9 b) with 45 ° of anglecs of rotation to have a blade of 225 ° of anglecs of rotation; Blade with 270 ° of anglecs of rotation fully with blade (Fig. 9 c) overlaid with 90 ° of anglecs of rotation; And the blade with 315 ° of anglecs of rotation fully with blade (Fig. 9 d) overlaid with 135 ° of anglecs of rotation.

People know that also because the rotation (Figure 13) of the axle of support blade, each hybrid blade 85 will be in the constant rotation of blade mixer duration of work.For according to above explanation, according to relatively rotation place (for example, correlation) hybrid blade is described, reference line should be thought and rotates with blade.For example, if the hybrid blade shown in Fig. 9 a-d is arranged on the single shaft successively, and if the axle be rotated 90 °, beginning that this is selected so is vertical reference line, will rotate to horizontal level.In other words, the relatively rotation place that is defined as the hybrid blade of 1-2-3-4 among Fig. 9 a-d respectively can not change at the blade mixer duration of work.

With reference to figure 10a and 10b, method of the present invention has also been stipulated the non-blade part of use sub-fraction, carries or supply part 50 before being known as.Each supply part 50 all has the perforate 46 that 48, one flat rear surfaces 49 parallel with front surface of a flat front surface non-circular with (preferably square) are vertical with front and rear surfaces and intersect.But, not resembling above-mentioned hybrid blade, supply part does not have two curved surfaces that intersect at two straight line places.But each supply part 50 includes two helicoid passages 47 that replace and 59 parts.Helical duct is more obvious in Figure 13, and wherein a plurality of supply part 50 orders are contained on the rotating shaft 110, constitute the feed zone in the blender.The basic purpose of feed zone is exactly the chewing gum base composition to be fed forward to blender carry out the zone that blade mixes.

With reference to Figure 11 a and 11b, the middle blade of helical blade 95 also can use with method of the present invention before a kind of being known as.When using, preceding helical blade 95 transmits a slight active force that is fed forward, and mixes colloid base-material composition simultaneously.As flat hybrid blade 85, helical blade 95 all has two flat surfaces and two curved surfaces 88 and 89 before each.Plane surface is parallel to each other and only intersects with curved surfaces.Arcwall face intersects mutually relatively and at two straight lines 90 and 92 places.In addition, the perforate 94 of non-circular (preferably square) is passed each hybrid blade 95 center and is intersected simultaneously with plane surface.

Difference between preceding spiral hybrid blade 95 and the flat hybrid blade 85 is that in flat hybrid blade 85, straight line 90 and 92 (having determined the intersection of curved surfaces 88 and 89) is parallel to each other, as shown in Figure 8.In preceding helical blade, straight line 90 relative diameter 92 is rotated counterclockwise, shown in Figure 11 b, so that these straight lines are no longer parallel.Equally, straight line 92 relatively straight line 90 turn clockwise.The effect of this rotation is exactly to become bent curved surfaces 88 and 89, so that the helical structure of these surface appropriateness.

With reference to Figure 12 a and 12b, a kind of hybrid blade that is known as reverse acting spiral blade 96 also can use with method of the present invention.When using, reverse acting spiral blade 96 transmitted one slight to carrying the resistance of gum base kind composition forward, mix these compositions simultaneously.Near reverse acting spiral blade 96, this causes the blender local height to be full of with pressure rising slightly.

Reverse acting spiral blade 96 is to constitute with helical blade 95 same modes before above-mentioned, and just straight line 90 and 92 (having determined the intersection of curved surfaces 88 and 89) rotates in opposite direction.With reference to Figure 12 a, straight line 90 is turned clockwise with reference to straight line 92, and straight line 92 relatively straight line 90 be rotated counterclockwise.The effect of this rotation is exactly arc of curvature surface 88 and 89, so that these surfaces have soft reverse acting spiral configuration.

Before and reverse acting spiral blade 95 and 96 straight line 90 and 92 the anglec of rotation can make an explanation with reference to Figure 11 c and 12c.In Figure 11 c and 12c, helical blade is by from last, and only vaned straight line 90 and 92 is illustrated a top that is superimposed upon another.Reference line 91 also is illustrated, if representative is the position that straight line 90 and 92 does not have rotation, as in the flat blade 85.

With reference to Figure 11 c, angle " a " is the straight line 90 anti-clockwise quantity of preceding helical blade 95.Angle " a " should better be between about 10 ° to 18 ° between about 5 ° to 30 °, preferably is about 13 ° 53 ' 50 ".Angle " b " is the amount that straight line 92 turns clockwise on the preceding helical blade 95.Angle " b " should better be between 10 ° to 18 ° between about 5 ° to 30 °, preferably about 13 ° 53 ' 50 ".

With reference to Figure 12 c, angle " a " is the amount that reverse acting spiral blade 96 cathetus 90 turn clockwise.Angle " a " should better be between about 10 °-18 ° between about 5 °-30 °, preferably is about 13 ° 53 ' 50 ".Angle " b " is the amount that reverse acting spiral blade 96 cathetus 92 are rotated counterclockwise.Angle " b " should between more about 10 °-18 °, preferably be about 13 ° 53 ' 50 between about 5 °-30 ° ".

With reference to Figure 13, hybrid blade is assembled on two parallel axles 110 with predetermined configuration with supply part.In the embodiment shown, for one 5 inches blade mixer, every axle 110 all has physical length and 1.375 inches * 1.375 an inches square Sectional Area (1.891 square inches) of 36 inches.Parallel axes 110 separates (diagonal angle, angle) with 3.5 inches distance.Axle 110 is suitable for just changeing (along same direction rotation) in tempering tank.Each is all supporting the hybrid blade and the supply part of an identical topology.As shown in figure 13, hybrid blade when axle rotates on the adjacent shaft and supply part can mesh mutually, but are not in contact with one another.

Each 110 all grow be enough to hold 36 inches parts, each parts has 1 inch length, 4.874 inches maximum gauge and 2 inches minimum diameter.2 or a plurality of 1 inch part can combine the longer parts of formation, can not influence operation.For example, supply part 50 often has 2 inches length.For the present invention, each major part should be loaded onto hybrid blade.Usually, each axle about at least 40% should be equipped with hybrid blade.Better be that each axle should be equipped with hybrid blade at least about 50%, should be the flat hybrid blade different with preceding spiral or reverse acting spiral blade at least about major part in 60% hybrid blade preferably.In the embodiment shown in fig. 13,67% shaft length is equipped with hybrid blade (24 one inch parts), and what 33% shaft length was adorned is supply part (6 two inches parts).

Blender among Figure 13 structure comprises 2 feed zone 125 and 135, and 2 blade mixed zones 130 and 150.This specific blender structure has been described in the following Table 1.In table 1 and other table, used following abbreviation:

FC-feed transfer unit (each occupies 21 inch position)

The flat hybrid blade of FP-(each occupies 11 inch position)

Spiral hybrid blade (each occupies 1 inch position) before the FH-

RH-reverse acting spiral hybrid blade (each occupies 1 inch position)

Table 1: blender structure (every axle)-Figure 13 lengthwise position parts position of rotation lengthwise position parts position of rotation 1 FC 4 19 FP 32 FC 4 20 FC 33 FC 4 21 FC 34 FC 4 22 FC 35 FC 4 23 FC 36 FC 4 24 FP 37 FC 4 25 FP 38 FC 4 26 FP 39 FP 4 27 FP 110 FP 4 28 FP 111 FP 4 29 FP 112 FP 2 30 FP 313 FP 2 31 FP 314 FP 2 32 FP 315 FP 3 33 FP 416 FP 4 34 FP 117 FP 1 35 FP 218 FP 2 36 RH 1

In mixer structure 102, use two or more feed zone and two or more mixed zone, allow to add successively and mix different colloid base-material compositions.For example, include synthetic rubber, the high viscosity part of filler and some resins or polyvinyl acetate can supply to first feed zone 125 among Figure 13 continuously.Then these compositions with can in the first blade mixed zone 130, fully be mixed before extra composition mixes.The part that viscosity is lower comprises that wax (when using), fat, oil, pigment and extra tree or polyvinyl acetate can supply to second feed zone 135 continuously.All then colloid base-material compositions can fully mix in the second blade mixed zone 150.

In fact, the structure 102 of the blender shown in Figure 13 is centered on by one or more barrel sections along the length of blender structure 102.Figure 14 has illustrated a typical bucket 105 around the blender structure.A motor 101 is driving the axle 110 that supports mixer part.Colloid base-material composition is exhaled 123 feed by the inlet on the bucket 105 103.The colloid base-material stops time enough to guarantee uniformity in blender, for example the time of staying reaches about 20-30 minute the order of magnitude, and discharges by an ejection nozzle 155.Bucket 105 can be heated or cooled.Use around the hot water or the steam heated cover (not shown) of bucket and can finish heating.By chilled(cooling) water supply (CWS) is given around the overcoat of bucket 105, can finish cooling, other heating and cooling method also can be used.Usually, employing heating when starting, but adopting cooling than after-stage in case overheated and base-material decomposition.

Between the mixing period of colloid base-material composition, the heating and cooling of bucket should be adopted on demand, are about 90 ℃-150 ℃ to guarantee the product discharge temperature, preferably are about 100 ℃-135 ℃.

Figure 15 is the drawing in side sectional elevation of a width of cloth bucket 105, and it shows and conventional twin (double) screw extruder shaddock 1.6, and how blade mixer has than long residence time ground is worked.As shown in figure 15, bucket wall 116 has the shape of 2 intersected cylinders, and each cylinder all has the also big diameter of maximum gauge than contained hybrid blade 85 in it.The structure of the two screw thread extruders of the similar standard of the structure of this barrel.But different with the screw thread of two screw thread extruders is that blade 85 can almost all not filled by bucket wall 116 determined spaces.

Hybrid blade 85 is near the diameter 90 and 92 that curved surfaces intersects, with wall wall 116 and have a common approaching gap each other.For blade 85, can be about 0.048 inch to 0.078 inch size between minimum between each blade and the bucket wall 116, and the minimum clearance between two blades can be about 0.060 to 0.090 inch size with 4.874 inches long diameters.But, leave straight line 90 and 92 places, the distance between each blade 85 and the bucket wall 116 is all much bigger.Because the unique design of blade 85 is far smaller than conventional two screw thread extruders by blade 85 occupied bucket space percentages.In addition, the pressure in the blade mixer should be maintained at about under the 50psig, preferably less than about 20psig when the percentage of comparing blade with other parts is big.Each blade 85 all has a width that ratio is highly little when when front shown in Figure 15 is seen.Better be, each hybrid blade high wide 66 greater than 1.5: 1.Preferably, the depth-width ratio of each extra large hing straps was greater than 2: 1.

A large amount of available buckets space also makes method of the present invention implement with the high time of staying in blade mixer.Hybrid blade, particularly flat blade account for vast scale and also help the longer time of staying and lower pressure.Mean residence time should be approximately 10 minutes at least in the blade mixer, better is greater than 15 minutes, more preferably greater than 20 minutes.

Remaining running parameter, for example blender rotating speed, feeding speed, speed of production etc. are according to the size of blender and specific colloid base-material combination and change.A kind ofly be applicable to that implementing commercial available blade mixer of the present invention is the continuous processor of a kind of Teledyne Readco, can be from the Pennsylvania, the TeledyneReadco company of York City obtains.These blade mixers can obtain various sizes.2 to 24 inches of the blade diameters of different size blender, and the ratio (L/D) of mixer length and diameter was from 4: 1 to 14: 1.For the present invention, maximum blade is the 2-5 inch preferably, and L/D preferably is about 7: 1.The structure of blade mixer and processing are that part should be selected, so that obtain uniform colloid base-material product.

In a special useful embodiment, the use of can connecting of two or more blade mixers, used mode is as shown in figure 16.Use two inline mixer for to supply with different colloid base-material compositions, greater flexibility is provided at the diverse location place.The composition of synthetic rubber, filler and resin can be fed in the feeding box 105 of first blender continuously by inlet 103.These materials are mixed in first blender, and thereafter, extra resin can be added in first blender by inlet 123.These compositions that combine are stirred in first blender, and leave first blender at outlet 155 places, and they are sent in the bucket 205 of second blender 208 (being driven by motor 201) by inlet 203 immediately subsequently.Polyvinyl acetate also can pass through feeding machine 209 and inlet 203, is admitted in the bucket 205 from funnel 207.

Other composition, for example wax or oil can spray into second blender from feed tank 211 and 231 by pump 213 and 233.Part composition can optionally add the inlet 204 in downstream.After all constituents were mixed, the colloid base-material left second blender by exporting 255.For the composition that obtains disperses and various colloid base-material product, use two or more series connection blade blenders can also adopt various different feed and mixed-arrangement.

Except that the above blade, can use the various hybrid blades that can obtain from each extruder company.Blade often is called as mixing component, must have immixture in extruder.Blade can be two limit shapes, triangle or polygon.

Although can use identical equipment, the blade mixer that can be known as mixer still is to compare with typical extruder to have different characteristics.Difference between extruder and the mixer is the ratio of blade or mixing component transfer unit.Transfer unit and compression member cause extruder to produce pressure.Blade or mixing component do not produce and the same big pressure of extruder, by more mixing is arranged with low-pressure.If extruder contains at least 40% mixing component, pressure can be carried for about use of 1/5 to 1/10 is more and the pressure of the typical extruder of compression member so.

Nearly all extruder can both be used as mixer.But the mixer with about 3: 1 to 20: 1 low L/D ratio can not be used as the high-pressure extrusion machine usually.And the mixer with this L/D ratio has less effectively shaft length and compares with transfer unit may need more blade or mixing component.For this mixer, hybrid blade should account at least 50% axle, and preferably accounts for 60% at least.On the contrary, for having about 20: 1-40: the extruder of 1 L/D ratio, have only about 40% axle palpus dress hybrid blade or mixing component.For the extruder that has greater than 40: 1 high L/D ratio, 30% the axle of only having an appointment may need dress hybrid blade or mixing component.

One of major advantage of the preferred embodiment of above-mentioned blade mixer is, the time of staying is higher than typical agent press far away.The time of staying that many extruders provided is less than 2 minutes, even less than 1 minute.But, in above-mentioned preferable blade mixer, can provide at least 10 minutes the time of staying, and preferably can provide 15-20 minute at least.

C, blade-pin blender

Use a continuous mixing device also may advantageously carry out method of the present invention, the screw rod of this blender mainly comprises the hydrid component of accurate layout, the anti-simple transport parts that have small scale.Blade-pin blender that present preferable blender is among Figure 17 to be exemplified.This blender not only can be used for production colloid base-material, but also can produce whole chewing gum synthetic.A blade-pin blender has used one the impeller blade of the formation selected and the composition of fixed cylinder pin are arranged, so that provide effective mixing on a relatively shorter distance.A kind of commercial retrievable blade-the pin blender is the Buss mixer, is made by Switzerland Buss AG company, and can obtain from Buss America company, and the said firm is positioned at Bloomingdale, the Illinois.

With reference to Figure 17, present preferable blade-pin blender 100 contains a single mixing screw 120 that rotates in bucket 140, and wherein bucket 140 lumps together and in use usually fully around mixer screw 120.Mixer screw 120 comprises normally columniform axle 122 and three row mixing blades 124, and these blades 124 are arranged on the evenly spaced position around screw shaft 122 (only can see two row among Fig. 1).Mixing blade 124 radially outwards protrudes from axle 122, the blade of the similar axe of each blade.

Tempering tank 140 includes an interior ladle bowl 142, and ladle bowl is normally cylindrical in bucket 140 between blender 100 work bases is when screw rod 120 closes up.Three row fixedly pin rod 144 are arranged on the evenly spaced position around screw shaft 142, and inwardly radially protrude from interior ladle bowl 142.Pin 144 shape generally is cylindrical, and can gather around round or beveled end.

The mixing screw 120 that has a blade 124 rotates in bucket 140 and is driven by a variable speed motor (not shown).During rotation, mixing screw 120 also moves forward and backward vertically, produces a rotation efficiently and the combination that axially mixes.During mixing, mixing blade 124 is walked between steady pin 144 continuously, and blade and pin also will never be in contact with one another.And the radial edges 126 of blade 124 will never contact barrel inner surface 142, and the end points 146 of pin 144 will never contact mixing auger bar 122.

Figure 18-22 shows the various helical elements that can be used to constitute best mixing screw 120.Figure 18 a and 18b show the helical element 60 and 61 that combines and use with confinement ring assemblies.Helical element 60 and 61 each all include a cylindrical outer surface 62, a plurality of blade 64 and open interiors 66 that are used to accommodate and mesh mixing auger axle (not shown) that have keyway 68 that outwards protrude from surface 62.Second helical element, 61 about two double-lengths are in first helical element 60.

Figure 18 C shows a confinement ring assemblies 70.Be used for producing counter-pressure at select location place along mixing screw 120.Confinement ring assemblies 70 includes the two halves 77 and 79 that are installed on the ladle bowl 142, and these two halves mesh together the ring that constitutes a sealing in use.Confinement ring assemblies 70 includes interior ring 74 and perforate 76 on interior ring of angle shown in the outer rim of an annular, the one-tenth figure, and the helical element 60 and 61 that is installed on the helical axis is accommodated in this perforate 76, but does not contact with them.Installing hole 75 on the surface 72 of confinement ring assemblies two halves is used to these two halves are fixed on the ladle bowl 142.

Figure 19 shows the correlation between duration of work confinement ring assemblies 70 and helical element 60 and 61.When mixing screw 120 in bucket 140 when turn and positive axially reciprocating, helical element 60 and 61 and interior ring 74 between the gap the basic passage of material from a side of confinement ring assemblies 70 to opposite side is provided.Helical element 60 on one side of confinement ring assemblies upstream include one allow in the ring 74 gaps improvement blade 67.Another helical element 61 is disposed in the downstream of confinement ring assemblies 70 usually, and has approaching and interior 74 another the surperficial end blade (cannot see) that encircles that is frictionally engaged.

Gap between the interior ring 74 of helical element 60 and 61 outer surface and confinement ring assemblies 70 has determined will produce great pressure effect at blender 100 duration of works in the upstream of confinement ring assemblies 70 to a great extent, and gap wherein can change and be preferably the size of 1-5mm.It should be noted that the L/D that upstream helical element 60 is had is about 1/3, the L/D of upstream helical element 61 is about 2/3, draws thus for helical element, and total L/D is about 1.0.Confinement ring assemblies 70 has one to be about 0.45 less L/D value, is consistent with the L/D of helical element 60 and 61, and wherein helical element 60 and 61 is meshing with each other but does not connect and separates the confinement ring assembly.

Figure 20 and 21 shows mixing or " stirring " parts of carrying out most of hybrid workings.The low main difference of cutting between hydrid component 80 and the higher shearing hydrid component 78 of Figure 21 of Figure 20 is the size of the mixing blade of the outer protrusion on the hydrid component.In Figure 21, the 81 higher shearing mixing blades that outwards protrude are than the 82 low shearing mixing blades 84 that outwards protrude are big and thick from the surface Figure 20 from the surface.For each hydrid component 80 and 78, as above with reference to the explanation that Figure 17 did, mixing blade is become isolated three row on circumference by layout.Use the thicker mixing blade 83 among Figure 21 to mean what gap does not have between each blade does not have between what axial distance and blade 83 and the steady pin 144 yet when screw rod 120 rotations and reciprocating motion (Figure 17) vertically.This gap reduce to be doomed near hydrid component 78, to cause higher shearing.Figure 22 shows a single steady pin 144 of pulling down from bucket 140.Pin 144 includes screw base/45, and this pedestal/45 make the pin can be along interior bucket axle 142 in selected position.Also might some sell 14 make hollow, as the liquid spout.

Figure 23 is one barrel of schematic diagram that shows present preferable bucket structure, includes preferable straight pin layout at present.Figure 24 is the corresponding schematic diagram of a width of cloth, shows at present preferable mixing screw structure.Blender with preferred construction shown in Figure 23 and 24 has total L/D that effectively mixes of one about 19.

Blender 200 comprises an initial feed district 210 and 5 mixed zones 220,230,240,250 and 260.District 210,230,240,250 and 260 includes 5 possible large-scale inlets 212,232,242,252 and 262 respectively, and they can be used for adding main (as solid) composition to blender 200.District 240 and 260 also is furnished with 5 less liquid spouts 241,243,261 and 263, is used to add liquid component.As explained above, liquid spout 241,243,261 and 263 includes and is processed into hollow special row straight pin.

Referring to Figure 23, in three row shown in all, straight pin 144 preferably is present on the position that great majority or all are suitable for.

Referring to Figure 24, the structure of present preferable mixing screw 120 that is used for most of chewing gum products by following by illustrative.District 240 is initial feed districts, has the low shearing parts of about l-1/3L/D, for example parts shown in Fig. 4 40.As above-mentioned, the L/D in initial feed district is not very always effectively within 19 of mixing L/D, because its effect only is that composition is transported in the mixed zone.

First mixed zone 220 (Figure 24) from left to right has 2 low shearing hydrid components 80 (Figure 20), is 2 high shearing parts 78 (Figure 21) subsequently.These two low shearing hydrid components occupy the mixing L/D of about 1-1/3, and two high shearing hydrid components occupy the mixing L/D value of about 1-1/3.The district 220 has total mixing L/D value of about 3.0, comprise with helical element 60 and 61 combine by the shared end (in Figure 24, not marking separately) of 57mm confinement ring assemblies 70.

Stride the ending of first mixed zone 220 and the beginning of second mixed zone with the confinement ring assemblies 70 that helical element 60 and 61 combines, having about 1.0 combination L/D.So, district 230 has 3 low shearing hydrid components 80 and 1.5 high shearing hydrid components 78 from left to right.Three low shearing hydrid components account for about 2.0 mixing L/D, and 1.5 high shearing hydrid components have total mixing L/D value of about 4.0.

What striding that the ending of second mixed zone 230 and the 3rd mixed zone begin is the confinement ring assemblies 70 that combines with helical element 60 and 61 of a 60mm, has about 1.0 L/D value.So, district 240 is furnished with 4.5 high shearing hydrid components 78 from left to right, accounts for about 3.0 mixing L/D.District 240 also has total mixing L/D value of about 4.

What striding the ending of the 3rd mixed zone 240 and the beginning of the 4th mixed zone 250 is the 60mm confinement ring assemblies 70 that another and helical element combine, and has about 1.0 L/D.So, the remainder of the 4th mixed zone 250 and the 6th mixed zone 260 are furnished with 11 low shearing hydrid components 80, account for approximately Mixing L/D value.The district 250 has total mixing L/D value of about 4.0, and distinguishes 260 and have total mixing L/D value of about 4.0.

Example 1

Use the counter-rotating of Leistritz LSM30.34 type, engagement and tangential extruder be with the mode continuously making plastics matter base-material of mutual engagement mutually, bucket diameter 30.3mm wherein, be furnished with lower member (provide successively to the port of export from the inlet of extruder, and each parts is used the component names of Leistritz company):

FF-1-30-120 (transfer unit)

KFD-1-30/20-120 (carrying and compression member)

KD-3-30-120 (compression member)

ZSS-2-R4 (tooth components)

2SS-2-R4

KS (shearing disk)

KS

FF-1-30-120

KFD-1-30/20-120

FD-3-30-120

2SS-2-R4

2SS-2-R4

2SS-R2-R4

KS

Matrix at place, extruder end has the hole of a 1mm.

Extruder has 2 feed zone, and each is all near the FF-1-30-120 transfer unit.A kind of mixture of powders of the pure buttress rubber of mill, calcium carbide and terpenes with ratio of 6: 23: 17 is supplied in first feed zone with 3kg/ hour speed.50-80 ℃ polyisobutene is also supplied with first feed zone with 0.39kg/ hour speed.A kind of mixture of powders of being made up of 5 parts of glycerin monostearates, 8 parts of hydrogenation cotton seed oils, 5 parts of hydrogenated soybean oils, 3 parts of HMW polyvinyl acetate and 21 parts of low-molecular-weight polyvinyl acetate is supplied to second feed zone with 2.74kg/ hour speed, also has a kind of mixture of being made up of 3 parts of partially hydrogenated soya oils and 3 parts of lecithin to be heated to 30 ℃ of speed with 0.4kg/ hour and supplies with second feed zone.Synthetic rubber is 0.75: 1 with the ratio of fat and oil.Duration of work extruding casing temperature (except the matrix, it does not have temperature control) is set and actual temperature as follows: distinguish 1234567 matrixs 90 ℃ of 99 ℃ of 95 ℃ of 130 ℃ of 130 ℃ of 130 ℃ of 110 ℃ 115 ℃ temperature (estimation) (estimation) of 90 ℃ of 90 ℃ of 95 ℃ of 130 ℃ of 130 ℃ of 130 ℃ of 110 ℃ of temperature reality be set

Extruder is with the speed operation of 100rpm, and shuts out 9amps.Produce a kind of chewing gum base without any rubber grain or layering oil.But some polyvinyl acetate is not by abundant combination.This perhaps if desired, can eliminate this situation by a single-screw extruder is supplied with machine/prethawing machine as the side of polyvinyl acetate with combined when this base-material is used to make chewing gum base.

Example 2

Be used to make continuously another kind of chewing gum base as example 1 used same extruder assembly and temperature.A kind of mixture of powders that buttress rubber and calcium carbide forms of grinding by 15: 31 ratios is infeeded first district with 3kg/ hour speed, and poly-simultaneously isobutyl is heated to 50-80 ℃ and add first district with 2.08kg/ hour speed.A kind of mixture of powders of being made up of 22 parts of low-molecular-weight polyvinyl acetate, 13 parts of cotmars, 3 parts of glycerin monostearates and 13 parts of hydrogenated soybean oils is infeeded second inlet with 6.63kg/ hour speed, and partially hydrogenated soya oil is heated to 30-60 ℃ and add with 1.3kg/ hour speed simultaneously.Synthetic rubber is 0.65: 1 with the ratio of fat and oil.Extruder is worked with 100rpm, and extrudes 7-8amps.A kind of chewing gum base of intact speed is prepared out, but that it does not have that the base-material of example 1 mixes is good and add material in second feed zone etc. and have any problem.

Example 3

The 30.34 type double-screw extrusion machines of a Leistritz as shown in Figure 1 are installed, are had as lower member (reference number in the number representative graph 1 in the bracket of the left side):

(31)FF-1-30-120

(32)KFD-1-30/20-120

(35)FD-3-30-120

(33)ZSS-2-R4

(34)KS

(34)KS

(34)KS

(31)FF-1-30-120

(32)KFD-1-30/20-60

(35)FD-3-30-120

(36) 18 agitator disks are superimposed as 2 groups 2 and 4 groups 3, separate with 90 ° between every group.

(31)FF-1-3-60

(32)KFD-1-30/20-60

(35)FD-3-30-30

(33)ZSS-2-R4

(33)ZSS-2-R4

(39) FF-1-30-33 (installation is used for reverse operating)

(34)KS

The total length of these parts is 1060mm, has provided about 35 L/D for the bucket of a 30.3mm.

As table 2 defined, colloid base-material composition is added in the extruder 10 in the position of regulation with the speed of regulation.Listed speed is used for steady-working state.

Table 2 composition accounts for the pure isobutene of % inlet position terpene resin (123 °F molten points) 8.390 12 terpene resins (85 °F molten points) 8.257 12 cocoa powers (＜75 microns wet granular size) 0.599 12 mill of weight-iso-amylene copolymer (120000-8.390 12150000 molecular weight, particle diameter are 2-7mm) calcium carbide (granular size＜12 micron) 20.908 12 polyisobutene (molecular weight 12000) (being heated to 100 ℃) 5.860 13 polyvinyl acetate (molecular weight 50000-80000), 2.663 14 polyvinyl acetate (molecular weight 25000), 21.309 14 glycerin monostearates, 4.794 15 hydrogenated soybean oils, 4.528 15 lecithin, 3.329 15 cotmars, 7.724 15 partially hydrogenated cottonseeds oil, 3.196 15BHT 0.053 15

Total feeding rate is 25 Pounds Per Hours.It is to be in more than about 115-125 ℃ that temperature is controlled to mix.Synthetic rubber is 0.92: 1 with the ratio of fat and oil.

Although provided the example of smaller scale operation, this processing is amplified easily in proportion.When using double-screw extrusion machine, come the realization ratio to amplify by using a bigger bucket diameter, for example use 6 inches diameter and longer length, but will guarantee to have same L/D ratio.L/D value for 45, one 6 inches bucket is long to be 22.5 feet.If the bigger heat that machine produced too much can't leave easily, the rotating speed of the extruder that must slow down so perhaps can use interior axle of cooling and hydrid component in addition, by dropping into some resins in first feed zone, also can reduce the heat that is produced when mixing.

When implementing the test relevant with example 1, polyisobutene begins to be added on second inlet.This is possible when starting, but when the mixture of fat and polyvinyl acetate also was added, fat dissolved and lubricate screw rod, down to they inspiration polyisobutene no longer.Here it is why in example 1 polyisobutene be injected into the reason of first feed zone.

In example 1 and example 2, because buttress rubber is pure by mill before use, therefore the buttress rubber of a part of filler and mill essence is by premixed (filler is 3: 1 with the ratio of buttress rubber), so that help the pure buttress rubber of mill to keep infeeding extruder with the form of mixture of powders.This filler is included in total 66 rates listed in the example.

People invent, use the present invention successfully to produce continuously to have senior to those used among routine 1-3 fat and oil, the high-quality chewing gum base.Note, follow the height distribution married operation of mixing constraint component used in the example, be specially adapted to fat and oil are combined with synthetic rubber and filler.

Example 4

Use 5 inches blade diameter Teledyne Readco continuous mixing devices, by following manufacturing chewing gum base with the described blender structure of shown in Figure 13 and above table 1.

A kind ofly grind pure isobutene-iso-amylene copolymer (granular size is 2-7mm), calcium carbide (granular size＜12 micron) and the mixture of terpene resin is added into first inlet with 8: 21: 17 ratio and 0.38 Pounds Per Minute speed.On second inlet, three kinds of mixtures are added: 1) polyvinyl acetate, glycerin monostearate, with the mixture of powders of hydrogenated soybean oil and rape oil, ratio is 24: 5: 13, interpolation speed is 0.35 Pounds Per Minute; 2) polybutene of 6 parts of 130 ℃ of fusings, 0.05 Pounds Per Minute of feeding rate; With 3) cotmar and the lecithin of 1: 1 ratio of 6 part of 70 degree, 0.05 Pounds Per Minute of feeding speed.

In a word, the speed of production of this colloid base-material is per hour 50 pounds.The extruder of a 400rmp is used in the manufacturing of colloid base-material, and initial barrel temperature is 270-275 °F, and about 128 ℃ of product discharge temperature.Mean residence time in blade mixer is approximately 30-40 minute.

Example 5

This example is cascaded for the Teledyne Readco continuous mixing device with one 2 inches blade diameter Teledyne Readco continuous mixing devices and 5 inches blade diameters and implements, be similar to layout shown in Figure 16, the blender of 2 inches blade diameters is preceding.Constituting these mixes

The purpose of closing device is, the dispersion of carrying out rubber with 2 inches mixers mixes, and uses 5 inches mixed

Close device and carry out the distribution mixing of oil.Particularly, 2 inches and 5 inches blenders are pressed table 3 and 4

State formation.

2 inches blenders include 4 inches transfer unit and uniform reverse acting spiral peace leaf

Sheet, 0.53 inch in each blade is long.In a word, the total length of blade for 13.25 inches makes altogether

With 25 reverse acting spirals and flat blade.Each total effective length that is loaded with the axle of blade is 17.25

Inch.5 inches blade and transfer units that blender has used to have above-mentioned size.

Structure (every axle) lengthwise position parts position of rotation lengthwise position parts position of rotation 1 FC 4 16 FP 22 FC 4 17 FP 43 FC 4 18 FP 44 FC 4 19 FP 45 FP 4 20 FP 26 FP 4 21 FP 27 FP 4 22 FP 28 FP 2 23 FP 39 FP 2 24 FP 410 FP 2 25 FP 111 FP 4 26 FP 212 FP 4 27 FP 413 FP 4 28 FP 414 FP 2 29 RH 215 FP 2 of table 3:2 inch Teledyne Readco blender

Table 4:5 inch Teledyne Readco blender structure (every axle) lengthwise position parts position of rotation lengthwise position parts are executed transposition and are put 1 FC, 4 19 FP, 22 FC, 4 20 FP, 23 FC, 4 21 FP, 44 FC, 4 22 FP, 45 FC, 4 23 FP, 46 FC, 4 24 FP, 27 FC, 4 25 FP, 28 FC, 4 26 FP, 29 FP, 4 27 FP, 410 FP, 4 28 FP, 411 FP, 4 29 FP, 412 FP, 2 30 FP, 113 FP, 2 31 FP, 214 FP, 2 32 FP, 315 FP, 4 33 FP, 416 FP, 4 34 FP, 217 FP, 4 35 FP, 218 FP, 2 36 RH 4

The following layout of inlet:

Be positioned on the 1-4 lengthwise position in No. 1 inlet-2 inch blender.

Be positioned on the 1-4 lengthwise position in No. 2 inlet-5 inch blenders.

No. 3 inlets

Be positioned at lengthwise position 9 places in inch blender of (jet)-5.

Use above blender to arrange, by following manufacturing chewing gum base.

The mixture of a kind of pure isobutene of mill-iso-amylene copolymer (particle is greater than being 2-7mm) with 10: 13 ratios and calcium carbide is with No. 1 inlet of speed adding of 0.192 Pounds Per Minute.16 parts 130 ℃ polyisobutene also is added in No. 1 inlet with 0.133 Pounds Per Minute speed.At No. 2 inlet places, the mixture of powders of the hydrogenation rape oil with 13: 3: 13 ratios, monoester acid glyceride and the hydrogenated soybean oil of 22 parts polyvinyl acetate and 29 parts is added with 0.425 Pounds Per Minute speed.The 5 parts of a kind of 70 ℃ cotmars and the liquid mixture of 5 parts of lecithin also add in second inlet with 0.083 Pounds Per Minute speed.The 3rd inlet need not.

In a word, the throughput rate of this colloid base-material is 50 Pounds Per Hours.Use following processing conditions to make this colloid base-material:

5 inches blender RPM of 2 inches blenders, 314 450 initial bucket temperature, 265-270 225-230 product discharge temperature, ℃ 164 133 mean residence time 5-10 minute 30-40 minutes

Make about 60 pounds colloid base-material under these conditions.This colloid base-material has normal color, smooth quality and uniform concentration, the wooden slag particle that seldom has that uses this equipment to stay before having only.

Example 6

Two same blenders described in the use-case 5 are arranged, carried out this example.2 inches and 5 inches Teledyne Readco continuous mixing devices be table 3 and 4 described formations as above.Inlet is as layout as described in the example 5.

Use above blender to arrange, by following manufacturing bubble gum base-material.

The mixture of a kind of styrene-butadiene rubber, carbon calcium (particle size is less than 12 microns) and wood rosin glyceride is added to inlet No. 1 with the speed of 0.608 Pounds Per Minute of 9: 46: 18 ratio.At No. 2 inlets, the mixture of a kind of banksia rose glyceride, glycerin monostearate and microwax (fusing point=180) is added with the speed of 0.175 Pounds Per Minute of 20: 1: 6 ratio.No. 3 inlet need not.

In a word, the speed of production of this bubble gum base-material is per hour 47 pounds.Use following treatment conditions to make this colloid base-material:

5 inches blender RPM of 2 inches blenders, 314 450 initial bucket temperature, °F do not write down 225-230 product discharge temperature, 140 did not write down mean residence time 2-6 minute 30-40 minute

40 pounds bubble gum base-material under these conditions.The colloid base-material has normal color, smooth quality and concentration uniformly.

Example 7

This example is arranged use-case 5 described two blenders and is carried out, and has just done following change.2 inches

Teledyne Readco continuous mixing device is still pressed the described formation of table 3 of example 5.But 5 inches TeledyneReadco continuous mixing devices are pressed table 1 example 4) described formation, just 19 places arrange a reverse acting spiral blade in the position.The following layout of inlet:

Be positioned on the lengthwise position 1-4 in No. 1 inlet-2 inch blender.

Be positioned on the lengthwise position 1-4 in No. 2 inlet-5 inch blenders.

Be positioned on the lengthwise position 20-23 in No. 3 inlet-5 inch blenders

Use above blender to arrange, by following manufacturing chewing gum base.

A kind of mixture that grinds pure isobutene-iso-amylene copolymer (granular size is 2-7mm), calcium carbide (granular size＜12 micron) and terpene resin with 8: 21: 17 ratio 0.383 carbon/minute speed be added in first inlet.At second inlet, add a kind of have polyvinyl acetate, glycerin monostearate and the hydrogenated soybean oil of 24: 5: 13 ratios and the mixture of powders of rape oil with 0.35 Pounds Per Minute speed.At the 3rd inlet, add 6 parts 130 ℃ polyisobutene with 0.05 Pounds Per Minute speed, and add 70 ℃ of cotmar/lecithin mixture of 6 part 50/50 with 0.05 Pounds Per Minute speed.

In a word, the speed of production of this colloid base-material is per hour 50 pounds.The colloid base-material uses following treatment conditions manufacturing:

5 inches blender RPM of 2 inches blenders, 310 387 initial bucket temperature, 275-280 235-240 product discharge temperature, ℃ 162 120 mean residence time 2-6 minute 30-40 minutes

Make about 40 pounds colloid base-material product under these conditions.This colloid base-material has normal color, and smooth quality and uniform concentration just have isolated not dispersed particles occasionally.

Test according to these and other shows that it is a kind of effective technology of continuously making plastics matter base-material that blade mixes.1 or 2 blenders of optimal treatment condition and use change according to the composition and the desirable output speed of specific colloid base-material.

Example 8

Use TEX30HSS32, the mode continuously making plastics matter base-material of 5PW-2V type double-screw extrusion machine device just to change of Japanese Steel Works company, it has extremely positive stirring and trembles parts and two inlets.

The meaning of " extremely actively mixing component " is that mixing component resemble the blade is being adorned in most of place on the extruding arbor.Its layout is: 1/6 transfer unit is at the first charging aperture place, 1/3 mixing component, and 1/6 transfer unit is at the two or two inlet place and 1/3 mixing component then.This causes blade to cover 67% of axle.

A kind ofly grind pure styrene-butadiene rubber (granular size is 2-7mm), calcium carbide (granular size＜12 micron) and the mixture of triacetin resin adds first inlet to 9: 46: 18 ratio 5.4kg/ hour speed.The mixture of a kind of triacetin resin, glycerin monostearate and microwax is added to second inlet with 20: 1: 6 ratio 2kg/ hour speed.Seven hot-zones and matrix are carried out temperature control handle extruder.Temperature is set and actual temperature is as follows: distinguish 1234567 matrixs 129 ℃ 130 ℃ 122 ℃ 130 ℃ 100 ℃ 100 ℃ 100 ℃ 139 ℃ of 130 ℃ of 130 ℃ of 130 ℃ of 130 ℃ of 100 ℃ of 100 ℃ of 100 ℃ of 80 ℃ of actual temperatures of temperature are set

The 1st inlet is between 1 district and 2 districts, and second inlet is between 3 districts and 4 districts.The extrudate of discharging is 118 ℃.Machinery is extruded 21amps with the 200rpm operation.Extrudate is a kind ofly to finish the colloid base-material without any nuclear.

Example 9

Use has the two of 25 inches Teledyne Readco continuous mixing devices and mixes by putting, and carries out this example.The formation of first blender is identical with the table 4 of example 5.Second mixing constitutes according to the table 1 shown in the preamble.This structure is also shown in Figure 13.

Inlet is pressed following layout:

In No. 1 inlet-first 5 inches blenders on lengthwise position 1-4.

In 5 inches blenders of No. 2 inlets-second on lengthwise position 1-4

In 35 inches blenders of No. 3 inlets-second on lengthwise position 20-23.

Use above blender to arrange, press following manufacturing chewing gum base:

A kind of mixture that grinds pure its polymers of polyisobutene-iso-amylene (granular size is 2-7mm), calcium carbide (granular size＜12 micron), terpene resin and powder pigment was with 11: 18: 17: the speed that 1 ratio is 1.435 Pounds Per Minutes adds first inlet.At the second inlet place, adding a kind of ratio with 1.264 Pounds Per Minutes speed is 24: 5: 12 polyvinyl acetate, glycerin monostearate and the hydrogenated soybean oil and the mixture of rape oil.At the 3rd inlet place, add 6 parts 95 ℃ polyisobutene with 0.181 Pounds Per Minute feeding speed, and add cotmar/lecithin mixture of 80 ℃ of 6 part 50/50 from 0.203 Pounds Per Minute feeding speed.

In a word, the speed of production of this colloid base-material composition is about per hour 185 pounds.This colloid base-material uses following treatment conditions manufacturing:

Second 5 inches blender RPM, 250 400 initial bucket temperature of first 5 inches blenders, ℃ 135 115 product discharge temperatures, ℃ 190 115 mean residence times 20 minutes 10 minutes

The colloid base-material product of about 200 wing is manufactured.This colloid base-material has normal color, seedless, no any unconjugated oil, but a kind of gentle flavor of taste that burns is arranged.

Example 10

Two blenders that this of example use has 25 inches Teledyne Readco continuous mixing devices are arranged and are carried out.Two blenders all have the identical blade structure shown in the table 1.Four inlets are pressed following layout:

On the lengthwise position 1-4 in No. 1 inlet-the one 5 inch blender

On the lengthwise position 20-23 in No. 2 inlet-the one 5 inch blenders

On the lengthwise position 1-4 in 5 inches blenders of No. 3 inlets-second

On the lengthwise position 20-23 in 5 inches blenders of No. 4 inlets-second

Use above blender to arrange, press following manufacturing chewing gum base:

A kind ofly grind pure isobutene-iso-amylene copolymer (granular size is 2-7mm), calcium carbide (granular size＜12 micron) and the mixture of polyvinyl acetate is added to first inlet with 13: 10: 7 ratio and 0.75 Pounds Per Minute speed.In second inlet, with the polyvinyl acetate of 15 parts of 0.375 Pounds Per Minute speed interpolations.In the 3rd inlet, with 0.725 Pounds Per Minute speed adding proportion 13: 13: 3 hydrogenation rape oil, hydrogenated soybean oil and glycerin monostearate.In the 4th inlet, add 10 parts of partial hydrogenation rape oils with 0.25 Pounds Per Minute speed, and add 16 parts 130 ℃ polyisobutene with 0.40 Pounds Per Minute speed.

In a word, the speed of production of this colloid base-material is per hour 150 pounds.This colloid base-material uses following treatment conditions to make:

Second 5 inches blender RPM, 373 374 initial bucket temperature of first 5 inches blenders, ℃ 150-180 110 product discharge temperatures, ℃ 165-191 111 mean residence time 20-30 minute 12-15 minutes

About 400 pounds colloid base-material product is manufactured.The colloid base-material have normal color, seedless, do not have unconjugated oil, and have pure and fresh aroma and flavor.

Example 11

This example uses equipment, blender layout, threaded configuration and the inlet same with example 10, and just No. 2 inlets are closed.The colloid base-material is pressed following manufacturing:

A kind of mixture that grinds pure isobutene-iso-amylene copolymer (granular size is 2-7mm), calcium carbide (particle＜12 micron), terpene resin and polyvinyl acetate was with 11: 18: 17: the speed of 6 ratio and 1.30 Pounds Per Minutes adds first inlet.In the 3rd inlet, be 18: 5: 12 with 0.90 Pounds Per Minute speed adding proportion: a kind of polyvinyl acetate of 1, glycerin monostearate, hydrogenation beans and rape oil, with the mixture of powders of powder pigment.At the 4th inlet, add 6 parts 130 ℃ polyvinyl acetate with 0.15 Pounds Per Minute speed, and add 6 parts 90 ℃ 50/50 lecithin and cotmar mixture with 0.15 Pounds Per Minute speed.

In a word, the speed of production of this colloid base-material is per hour 150 pounds.This colloid base-material is with following treatment conditions manufacturing:

Second 5 inches blender RPM, 300 373 initial bucket temperature of first 5 inches blenders, ℃ 150-180 110 product discharge temperatures, 172 113 mean residence times, 20-30 minute 12-15 minute

About 400 colloid base-materials are manufactured.The colloid base-material have normal color, seedless, do not have unconjugated oil, and pure and fresh aroma and flavor is arranged.

Example 10 and 11 colloid base-material have been undertaken analyzing by Gel Permeation chromatography (GPC) and have compared with base-material that routine is processed the same sample ingredient of manufacturing in batch.Analyze to show that example 10 and isobutene-iso-amylene copolymer of 11 are sheared by process and decomposed.Carbohydrate gum matter composition is made into the base-material of comparative example 10 and 11 with conventional sense quality of processing made base-material in batch.Test shows, the given quality of example 10 and 11 base-material is much softer than the base-material of conventional processing in batch.

Example 12

Two blenders that this of example use has 25 inches Teledyne Readco continuous mixing devices are arranged and are carried out.Two blenders all constitute by following table 5.Inlet is identical with example 11. tables 5: blender structure (every axle) lengthwise position parts position of rotation lengthwise position parts position of rotation 1 FC 4 19 FP 32 FC 4 20 FP 33 FC 4 21 FC 34 FC 4 22 FC 35 FC 4 23 FC 36 FC 4 24 FC 37 FC 4 25 FC 38 FC 4 26 FC 39 FP 4 27 FC 3 10 FP 4 28 FP 2

11????FP????4????29????FP????2

12????FP????2????30????FP????4

13????FP????2????31????FP????4

14????FP????2????32????FP????4

15????FP????4????33????FP????2

16????FP????4????34????FP????2

17????FP????1????35????FP????4

18????FP????2????36????RH????4

Use above blender to arrange, press following manufacturing chewing gum base:

A kind of grind pure isobutene-iso-amylene copolymer (granular size be the mixture of 2-7mm, calcium carbide, terpene resin and polyvinyl acetate with 11: 18: 17: the speed of 1 ratio and 1.175 Pounds Per Minutes is added to inlet No. 1.At No. 3 inlets, adding a kind of ratio with 1.025 Pounds Per Minutes speed is 23: 5: 12: the powder mixture that 1 polyvinyl acetate, glycerin monostearate, hydrogenation beans and rape oil and pigment powder are formed.At No. 4 inlets, add 6 parts 130 ℃ polyisobutene with 0.15 Pounds Per Minute speed, and add 90 ℃ 6 part 50/50 the lecithin and the mixture of cotmar with 0.15 Pounds Per Minute speed.

In a word, the speed of production of this each colloid base-material is per hour 150 pounds.The colloid base-material uses following treatment conditions system suitable:

	First 5 inches blenders	1 year 5 inches blender
			????RPM	????250	????376
The initial bucket temperature, ℃	????150-180	????110
			The product discharge temperature, ℃	????175	????120
Mean residence time	20-30 minute	12-15 minute

About 350 pounds colloid base-material is manufactured.The colloid base-material has normal color, seedless, do not have and to give the oil that closes, and the pure and fresh gas of tool is not and holographic.This colloid base-material be the analysis showed that its very similar same base material formula of processing manufacturing by routine in batch by GPC.And the made colloid of the base-material of this example has identical sense quality with the colloid that routine is processed made base-material in batch in fact.

The continuous chewing gum manufacturing of example 13-21-

In routine 13-21, chewing gum base a blade-and-pin makes in the blender, it also is used to the manufacturing of complete chewing gum synthetic then.For use preferable blade-and-pin blender (Figure 17) finishes the manufacturing of overall chewing gum, remains on the rotating speed of mixing screw 120 about and be useful below 150, be preferably less than about 100.And mixer temperature preferably is optimized, and the temperature when tentatively running into other chewing gum component with convenient gum base material is about 130 °F or lower, so that chewing gum product is about 130 or lower (best 125 or lower) when discharging blender.By heating and/or water-cooled can partly be finished this temperature optimization around the bucket segmentation of mixed zone 220,230,240,250 and 260 Figure 23 7 selectively.

In order to make the colloid base-material, can defer to above preferable means.Synthetic rubber, filler and at least some synthetic rubber solvents are added to first the big inlet 212 on blender 200 first feed zone 210, and mix to bearing high dispersive in first mixed zone 220, carry along the direction of arrow 122 simultaneously.Remaining synthetic rubber solvent (if there is) and polyvinyl acetate are added in second big inlet 232 on second mixed zone 230, and these compositions bear a mixing that more distributes in the luxuriant part of mixed zone 230.

Fat, wax (if use), emulsifying agent and arbitrarily pigment and anticorrisive agent be added in the liquid spout 241 and 243 of the 3rd mixed zone 240, and these compositions bear in mixed zone 240 that distributing rises closes, the while is transferred along arrow 122 directions.At this some place, the manufacturing of colloid base-material should be done, and the colloid base-material should leave the 3rd mixed zone 240 as a kind of fully evenly seedless synthetic with even color.

The 4th mixed zone 250 is mainly used in cooling colloid base-material, adds but can carry out minor constituent.Then, in order to make final chewing gum product, glycerine, cereal syrup, other diffusing sugared sweetener, high concentration sweetener and flavouring agent can be added to the 5th mixed zone 260, and these compositions are born distribute and mix.As the pectic substance product will be sugar-free, and hydrogenated starch hydrolysate or Sorbitol solution can replace the cereal syrup, and powder alditol can substitute sugar.

Preferably, glycerine is added to the first liquid spout 261 in the 5th mixed zone 260.Solid constituent (fill sweetener, sealing high concentration sweetener, etc.) is added to big inlet.Syrup (cereal syrup, hydrogenated starch hydrolysate, Sorbitol solution etc.) is added to next liquid spout 263, and flavouring agent is added to final liquid spout 264.Flavouring agent can alternately add at spout 261 and 263 places, so that help plasticizing colloid base-material, thereby reduces temperature and moment of torsion on the screw rod.This can make blender go on a long journey under higher rotation speed and output.

It is a uniform material that the colloid composition is synthesized, and discharges from blender with continuous a fluid stream or " wire ".A fluid stream that this is continuous or line can be put on the moving conveyor and far be delivered to a forming station, and colloid is shaped to desirable shape at the forming station place, for example are pressed into flat cypress by handle, and groove insect deeply concerned into strips.Because whole colloid manufacture process is aggregated in the single continuous mixing device, so what product is provided with and changes, and because its simple and mechanical and thermal process, and therefore this product more totally and more stable.

Following routine 13-22 uses a kind of car to have the Buss mixer of 100mm blender screw diameter to implement, it constitutes (except as otherwise noted) in above-mentioned preferable mode, have 5 mixed zones, 19 total mixing L/D value and the initial delivery L/D of 1-1/3 value and 1-1/3.Without matrix, except as otherwise noted, and product mixture is discharged with a continuous lines in the blender end.The feeding speed that each example is designed can both produce chewing gum product with 300 Pounds Per Hours speed.

Liquid component uses displacement pump to add to usually by the big inlet of above-mentioned layout and/or less liquid spout except as otherwise noted.Pump is by sizing suitably and regulate, to reach desirable feeding speed.

The dryness composition uses gravity spiral supply machine to add the big inlet of arranging as mentioned above to.Also have, these supply machines are appropriately determin size and regulate, to reach desirable feeding speed.

Temperature control is finished by the circulation of fluid with in the mixing screw in the water jacket in each tempering tank district.Water-cooled is used in temperature and is no more than 200 place, and oil cooling is used in the higher temperature place.Thinking that water with cold place, uses running water (generally at about 57), cooling that need not be extra.

The temperature of fluid and constituents mixt all goes on record.Fluid temperature (F.T.) is set respectively hereinafter for last each barrel mixed zone (corresponding to the district in Figure 23 and 24 220,270,240,250 and 260) and is reported as 21,22,23,24 and 25.Fluid temperature (F.T.) also is set up and is reported as S1 hereinafter for mixing screw 120.

Actual mixing temperature, is being recorded near the centre of mixed zone 260 and near the end of mixed zone 260 near 220,230,240 and 250 the downstream in the mixed zone.These mixing temperatures are reported as T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6 hereinafter respectively.The actual mix temperature is subjected to the temperature, mixture of recirculated water and is influenced around the heat exchange characteristics of bucket and by the machinery heating institute that mixed process produces, and because extra factor and usually be different from design temperature.

All the components (about 77) under the temperature degree is added in the continuous mixing device, except as otherwise noted.

Example 13

This example has illustrated a kind of preparation of the not sticking sugar-containing chewing gum with mint flavored dose.A kind of by 24.2% terpene resin, 29.7% buttress rubber of claying into power (75% rubber, have 25% correct grinding calcium carbide as the agglomeration resistance auxiliary material) and the mixture formed of 46.1% correct grinding calcium carbide is that speed is added to first big inlet (among Figure 23 and 24 212 mouthfuls) with 25 Pounds Per Hours.Low-molecular-weight polyisobutylene (molecular weight=12000) is preheating to 100 ℃, also is added in this mouthful with 6.3 Pounds Per Hours speed.

The low-molecular-weight polyvinyl acetate that grinds is added to second big inlet (among Figure 23 and 24 232 mouthfuls) with 13.3 Pounds Per Hours.

A kind of fat that is preheating to 83 ℃ is injected into liquid spout (241 among Figure 23 and 243 spouts) in the 3rd mixed zone with 18.4 Pounds Per Hours general speed, respectively accounts for 50% by this mixture of each mouthful injection.This fat blend comprises 30.4% hydrogenated soybean oil, 35.4% cotmar, 13.6% partially hydrogenated soya oil, 18.6% glycerin monostearate, 1.7% cocoa power and 0.2% BHT.

Glycerine is with 3.9 Pounds Per Hours of first liquid spouts that are injected to the 5th mixed zone (among Figure 23 261 mouthfuls).The mixture of a kind of 1.1%ssorbitol and 98.9% sugar is with (among Figure 23 262 mouthfuls) in 185.7 Pounds Per Hours of big inlets that are added to the 5th mixed zone.The cereal syrup that is preheating to 44 ℃ is with (among Figure 23 263 mouthfuls) in 44.4 Pounds Per Hours of second liquid spouts that are added to the 5th mixed zone.The Spearmint flavouring agent is with (among Figure 23 264 mouthfuls) in 3.0 Pounds Per Hours of the 3rd liquid spouts that are added to the 5th mixed zone.

Each is distinguished temperature Z1-Z5 and is set to 350,350,150,57 and 57 respectively (unit °F).The mixing screw temperature is set to 120 °F.The mixture temperature T1-T6 that measures under stable state is 235,209,77,101 and 100 (unit °F), and fluctuation is arranged at the trial slightly.Screw speed 80rpm.

Chewing gum product is with 120 discharge blenders.This product can compare with the product that conventional control ratio batch processing is produced.Chewing has point image rubber slightly, but cannot see any base-material nuclear.

Example 14

This example has illustrated the preparation that sugar does not glue chewing gum that contains of thin what (peppermint) flavouring agent of a kind of band.A kind ofly be added in first big inlet 212 (Figure 23) by 57% buttress rubber of claying into power (75% rubber, 25% calcium carbide) and the 43% dryness mixture formed of correct grinding calcium carbide speed with 13.9 Pounds Per Hours.The polyisobutene (being preheating to 100 ℃) of fusing also is added in the mouth 212 with 9.5 Pounds Per Hours.

The pure low-molecular-weight polyvinyl acetate of mill is added to mouthful 232 places with 13.0 Pounds Per Hours.

A kind of fat blend (being preheating to 82 ℃) with 23.6 Pounds Per Hours general speeds with in double inlet of pump 241 and 243.This fat blend comprises 33.6% hydrogenation palm fibre seed oil, 33.6% hydrogenated soybean oil, 24.9% partially hydrogenated soya oil, 6.6% glycerin monostearate, 1.3% cocoa power and 0.1% BHT.Glycerine is added in the mouth 261 with 2.1 Pounds Per Hours.The mixture of a kind of 98.6% sugar and 1.4%Sorbitol is added in the mouth 262 with 196 Pounds Per Hours.Cereal syrup (being preheating to 40 ℃) is added in the mouth 262 with 39.9 Pounds Per Hours.Mint flavouring is added to mouth 264 with 2.1 Pounds Per Hours.

Each is distinguished temperature (z1-z5) and is set to 350,350,300,60 and 60 respectively.Extruder temperature (S1) is set to 200 °F.Measured mixture temperature (T1-T6, °F) be respectively 297,228,258,122,98 and 106.Screw speed is 85rpm.

Chewing gum product is with 11.9 discharge blenders.The product of being finished is seedless, but do and lack hot strength.These defectives are because composition rather than processing rise.

Example 15

This example has illustrated a kind of preparation of colloid of band peppermint (spearmint) flavouring agent that is used for the bead coat.A kind of 27.4% HMW terpene resin, the 26.9% low son amount terpene resin of sending out, the mixture of 28.6% buttress rubber of claying into power (75% rubber, 25% calcium carbide) and 17.1% correct grinding calcium carbide is added in first big mouthful 212 (Figure 23) with 33.5 Pounds Per Hours speed.The polyisobutene (100 ℃) of fusing with 1.3 Pounds Per Hours be pumped into same mouthful in.

The low-molecular-weight polyvinyl acetate is added in the mouth 232 with 19.8 Pounds Per Hours.

(82 ℃ of general speeds with 17.4 Pounds Per Hours half-and-half add in the mouth 241 and 243 a kind of fat lipoprotein mixture.The cotmar of fat blend diet 22.6%, 21.0% partially hydrogenated soya oil, 21.0% hydrogenated soybean oil, 19.9% glycerin monostearate, 15.4% lecithin and 0.2% BHT.

Sugar is added in the mouth 267 with 157.8 Pounds Per Hours speed.Containing the thing syrup is added in the mouth 263 with 68.4 Pounds Per Hours.The mint flavored dose of speed with 1.8 Pounds Per Hours is added in the mouth 264.

Each is distinguished temperature (z1-z5) and is set to 160,160,110,60 and 60 respectively.Extruder temperature (S1) is set to 68 °F.Measured mixture temperature (T1-T6, °F) be respectively 230,215,166,105,109 and 111.Screw speed is 80rpm.

Chewing gum product is with 12 discharge blenders.Hard and the toughness (generally being used for ball center) of this product when chewing.Cannot see any base-material nuclear.

Example 16

This example has illustrated a kind of preparation of sugar-containing chewing gum of band peppermint (peppermint) flavouring agent.A kind of by 24.4% buttress rubber (75% rubber of wearing into powder, 25% calcium carbide), 18% low-molecular-weight terpene resin, the mixture that 18.3% HMW terpene resin and 39.4% correct grinding calcium carbide are formed is added in first big mouthful 212 (Figure 23) with 27.6% Pounds Per Hour.

The mixture of a kind of 11.1% HMW polyvinyl acetate and 88.9% low-molecular-weight polyvinyl acetate is added in second big inlet 232 with 14.4 Pounds Per Hours speed.Polyisobutene (being preheating to 100 ℃) also is added to this mouthful with 3.5 Pounds Per Hours.

A kind of fat blend (83 ℃) half-and-half adds in the mouth 241 and 243 with 14.5 Pounds Per Hours general speeds.This fat blend comprises 31.9% cotmar, 18.7% hydrogenated soybean oil, 13.2% partially hydrogenated cottonseed oil, 19.8% glycerin monostearate, 13.7% soybean lecithin, 2.5% cocoa power and 0.2% BHT.

Glycerine is injected in the mouth 261 with 3.9 Pounds Per Hours.A kind of mixture of the glucose aldohydrol by 84.6% sucrose and 15.4% is added in mouthfuls 262 with 203.1 Pounds Per Hours.(40 ℃ in cereal syrup.) be added to mouth 263 with 30.0 Pounds Per Hours.The mixture of a kind of 90% mint flavored dose and 10% soybean lecithin is added in mouthfuls 264 with 3.0 Pounds Per Hours.

Each is distinguished temperature (z1-z5) and is set to 350,350,100,60 and 60 respectively, and extruder temperature (S1) is set to 100 °F.The mixture temperature of being surveyed (T1-T6, °F) be respectively 306,261,154,95,94 and 105.Screw speed is set to 55rpm.

This product is with 127 discharge blenders.This product of having finished has good chew characteristics, and without any rubbery kernel.

Example 17

This example has illustrated a kind of preparation that contains carbohydrate gum matter with fruit flavors.A kind of rubber by 39.3% correct grinding buttress rubber 175%, 25% calcium carbide), the mixture of 39.1% low-molecular-weight terpene resin and 21.6% correct grinding calcium carbide is added in first side's inlet 212 (Figure 23) with 20.6 Pounds Per Hours.

The mixture of a kind of 33.0% low-molecular-weight terpene resin and 67.0% low-molecular-weight polyvinyl acetate is added to second big inlet 232 with 24.4 Pounds Per Hours.Polyisobutene (being preheating to 100 ℃) also is added in the mouth 232 with 1.0 Pounds Per Hours.

A kind of fat/wax mixture (82 ℃) half-and-half injects liquid spout 241 and 243 with 14.0 Pounds Per Hours general speeds.This mixture comprises 29.7% paraffin, 21.7% microwax (molten point=170), 5.7% microwax (molten point=180), 20.5% glycerin monostearate, 8.6% cotmar, 11.4% soybean lecithin, 2.1% cocoa power and 0.3%BHT.

Glycerine injects liquid spout 261 with 3.3 Pounds Per Hours.The mixture of a kind of 88.5% sucrose and 11.5% 1 glucose aldohydrol is added in big mouthful 262 with 201.0 Pounds Per Hours.Cereal syrup (40 ℃) is injected into liquid spout 263 with 3.0 Pounds Per Hours, and a kind of mixture of being made up of 88.9% fruit flavor and 11.1% soybean lecithin is injected in the liquid spout 264 with 2.7 Pounds Per Hours.

Each is distinguished temperature (z1-z5) and is set at 425,425,200,61 and 61 respectively.Extruder temperature (S1) is set at 6.6 °F.The mixture temperature of being surveyed (T1-T6, °F) be respectively 359,278,185,105,100 and 109.Screw speed is set at 70rpm.

This chewing gum product is very soft with 122 discharge blenders this product when chewing, and gentle simultaneously and sensation is separated.After the bimester of experience, when being chewed again, this product finds that it has fabulous quality and fragrance.Cannot see any nuclei of bubbles.

Example 18

This example has illustrated a kind of preparation of sugar-free colloid of band peppermint (spearmint) flavouring agent.A kind of by 42.1% correct grinding calcium carbide, the glyceride of 18.9% wood rosin, 16.7% partial hydrogenation wood rosin glyceride, clay into power mixture that (25: 75) styrene butadiene rubber (75% rubber, 25% calcium carbide) forms of 17.0% mill pure buttress rubber and 5.3% is added in mouthfuls 212 (Figure 23) with 38.4 Pounds Per Hours.

The low-molecular-weight polyvinyl acetate is with 12.7 Pounds Per Hours speed, and polyisobutene (being preheating to 100 ℃) is added in mouthfuls 232 with 7.6 Pounds Per Hours speed.

A kind of fat blend (82 ℃) is with in double inlet of total speed 241 and 243 of 20.9 Pounds Per Hours.This fat blend includes 35.7% cotmar, 30.7% hydrogenated soybean oil, 20.6% partially hydrogenated soya oil, 12.8% glycerin monostearate and 0.2%BHT.

Different with above-mentioned example, glycerine is injected into the 4th mixed zone 250 (Figure 23) by a liquid spout (not shown) with 25.5 Pounds Per Hours.The common enriched mixture of a kind of hydrogenated starch hydrolysate and glycerine (40 ℃) further injects the 4th mixed zone downstream by another liquid spout (not shown).This enriched mixture altogether comprises 67.5% hydrogenated starch hydrolysate, 25% glycerine and 7.5% water.

A kind of 84.8%sorbitol, the mixture of the aspartame of 14.8%mannitol and 0.4% sealing is with 162.3 Pounds Per Hours of mouths 262 that are added in the 5th mixed zone 260.The mixture of a kind of 94.1% mint flavored dose and 5.9% lecithin is injected into the mouth 264 that further is arranged in the downstream with 5.1 Pounds Per Hours.

Each is distinguished temperature (z1-z5) and is set at 400,400,150,62 and 62 respectively.Extruder temperature (S1) is set at 66 °F.The mixture temperature of being surveyed (T1-T6, °F) be respectively 307,271,202,118,103 and 116.Rotating speed is 69rpm on the mixing screw.

This chewing gum product is with 117 discharge blenders.Colloid has good outward appearance, without any mottle or rubbery kernel.This colloid is being touched a bit wet, and sticking and soft (low-density), but acceptable.When chewing, it is soft that this colloid begins to be considered to, but along with the machonnement meeting is got up firmly.

Example 19

This example has illustrated a kind of preparation that is used in sugarless mint (spearmint) colloid in the coating bead.A kind of mixture of being made up of 28.6% buttress rubber (75% rubber, 25% calcium carbide), 27.4% HMW terpene resin, 256.9% low-molecular-weight terpene resin and 17.1% calcium carbide that wastes powdered is added in the mouth 212 (Figure 23) with 41.9 Pounds Per Hours.

Add the low-molecular-weight polyvinyl acetate with 24.7 Pounds Per Hours in mouthfuls 232 and with 1.7 wing/hour add polyisobutene (being preheating to 100 ℃).

A kind of fat blend is with in double inlet of general speed 241 and 243 of 21.7 Pounds Per Hours.This fat blend includes 22.6% cotmar, 21.0% hydrogenated soybean oil, 21.0% partially hydrogenated soya oil, 19.9% glycerin monostearate, 15.4% glycerine and 0.2% BHT.

Use a hollow cylinder shank spout (end illustrates), with 17.4 Pounds Per Hours of sorbitol solution toward the 4th mixed zone 250 (Figure 23) injection a kind of 70%.

A kind of 65.8%sorbitol, the mixture of 17.9% deposit calcium carbide and 16.3%mannitol is added in last big mouthful 262 with 184.2 Pounds Per Hours.The mixture of a kind of 71.4% mint flavored dose of spices and 28.6% soybean lecithin is added to last liquid spout 264 with 8.4 Pounds Per Hours.

Each is distinguished temperature (z1-z5) and is set at 400,400,150,61 and 61 respectively.Measured mixture temperature (T1-T6, °F) be respectively 315,280,183,104,109 and 116.Screw speed is set to 61rpm.

This chewing gum is with 127 ° of discharge blenders.The outward appearance of this product is pretty good, without any sorbitol spot or rubbery kernel.But initial colloid is coarse and many by report.

Example 20

This example has illustrated a kind of preparation of sugar-containing chewing gum of band peppermint (peppermint) flavouring agent.A kind of mixture of being made up of 27.4% buttress rubber of claying into power (75% buttress rubber, 25% calcium carbide), 14.1% low softening terpene resin (softening point=85 ℃), 14.4% high softening terpene resin (softening point=125 ℃) and 1+4.1% calcium carbide is added in first big inlet (among Figure 23 and 24 mouthful 212) with 24.6 Pounds Per Hours.

The mixture of a kind of 73.5% low-molecular-weight polyvinyl acetate, 9.2% HMW polyvinyl acetate, 8.6% low softening terpene resin and 8.7% high terpene resin is added into second big inlet 232 with 17.4 Pounds Per Hours.Polyisobutene also is added in this mouthful with 3.5 Pounds Per Hours.

A kind of fat blend that is preheating to 83 ℃ injects the liquid spout (Figure 23 mouth 241 and 243) of the 3rd mixed zone with 14.5 Pounds Per Hours general speed, and each mouthful injects 50% of this mixture respectively.This fat blend includes 0.2%BHT, 2.5% cocoa power, 31.9% cotmar, 19.8% glycerin monostearate, 18.7% hydrogenated soybean oil, 13.7% lecithin and 13.2% partially hydrogenated cottonseed oil.

The mixture of a kind of 84.6% sugar and 15.4%-glucose aldohydrol is with 203.1 Pounds Per Hours of big inlets 262 that are injected in the 5th mixed zone.Glycerine is with 3.9 Pounds Per Hours of first liquid spouts 261 that are added to the 5th mixed zone.The cereal syrup that is preheating to 44 ℃ is with 30.0 Pounds Per Hours of second liquid spouts 263 that are injected into the 5th mixed zone.The mixture of a kind of 90.0% mint flavouring and 10.0% lecithin is with 3.0 Pounds Per Hours of the 3rd liquid spouts 264 that are injected into the 5th mixed zone.

Each is distinguished temperature (z1-z5) and is set to 350,350,110,25 and 25 respectively.Mixing screw temperature S1 is set to 101 °F.The mixer temperature T1-T6 that under stable state, records (°F) be respectively 320,280,164,122,105 and 103.Screw speed is 63rpm, and product is with 52-53 ℃ of discharge blender.

It is desirably soft that this mint flavored contains carbohydrate gum matter product, and is being acceptable qualitatively.

Example 21

This example has illustrated a kind of preparation of sugar-free strip bubble gum.Example hereto, shown in Figure 24 and do following variation with the used screw configuration of preceding example.Carry segmentation 210 and mix segmentation 220,250 and 260 fully by constituting in the past.In second mixed zone 230, three low shearing parts (Figure 20) are not changed yet.

After this, the high shearing parts 78 of 1-1/2 (Figure 21) in the district 230, overlap 230 and 240 constraint component 70, the whole and overlap 240 in district 240 and 250 constraint component 70 are removed.Three high shearing parts 78 (combination L/D=2.0) are disposed in the district 230 and extend in the district 240.Be 2 and 1/2 low shearing parts 80 (combination L/D=1-2/3) continuation in district 240 subsequently.Then, be that 3 and 1/2 high shearing parts 78 (combination L/D=2-1/3) are in district 240 and extend in the district 250 subsequently.11 low shearing parts 80 ends in district 250 and 260 are changed.

In order to make this product, a kind of (25: 75) styrene butadiene rubber of being clayed into power by 53.3% HMW polyvinyl acetate, 31.0% talcum, 12.2% wood rosin glyceride and 3.5% (75% rubber, 25% calcium carbide), the mixture of forming are added in big mouthful 212 (Figure 23) with 54.9 Pounds Per Hours.Polyisobutene (being preheating to 100 ℃) is pumped into in a bite with 9.0 Pounds Per Hours.

Partial hydrogenation wood rosin glyceride is added to 4.4 Pounds Per Hours speed with 15.3 Pounds Per Hours speed and glyceryl triacetate fat in big mouthful 232 of second mixed zone.

A kind of fat/wax (82 ℃) mixture half-and-half injects the liquid spout 241 and 243 of the 3rd mixed zone 240 with 13.9 Pounds Per Hours general speed.This mixture includes 50.3% glycerin monostearate, 49.4% paraffin (fusing point=135) and 0.3%BHT.

Use a liquid spout (not shown) to mix 250 refluences one to the 4th and go into to dilute glycerine with 28.2 Pounds Per Hours.This dilution is 87% glycerine and 13% water.

The mixture of a kind of 84.0%sorbitol, 12.7% mannitol, 1.1% fumaric acid, 0.2%aspartame, 0.4% sealing aspartame, 0.7% adipic acid and 0.9% citric acid is with in 165.0 Pounds Per Hours of mouths 262 that are added into the 5th mixed zone 260.The mixture of a kind of 51.6% bubble glue spices and 48.4% soybean lecithin with 9.3 pounds/time be injected into the district 260 the mouth in 264.

Each is distinguished temperature (z1-z5) and is set to 350,350,100,64 and 64 respectively.Extruder temperature (S1) is set at 100 °F.The mixture temperature that is write down (T1-T6, °F) be respectively 286,260,163,107,104 and 112.Screw speed is 75rpm.

This chewing gum is with 118 discharge blenders.Completed product is being seen well and is not being contained base-material and examining.Its fragrance and quality are very good when chewing, as the characteristic that blows bubbles.

Example 22-36

The example 22-36 also disclosed use a kind of blade-and-pin blender make complete chewing gum.These examples have a kind of special lubricant to be added to two different inlets as the example before some, and for example terpene resin and/or polyvinyl acetate etc. are added to different inlets.

Example 22

Terpene resin 70/30% separates and the PVAC12/88% branch is opened

This example has illustrated a kind of preparation that mint flavored contains the colloid base-material of carbohydrate gum matter that is used for.The mixture of a kind of 25.545% mill pure isobutene-iso-amylene copolymer, 13.183% low-molecular-weight terpene resin, 13.343% HMW terpene resin, 0.731% HMW polyvinyl acetate, 5.844% low vinylacetate and 41.354% correct grinding calcium carbide is added in the first inlet 212 with 26.88 Pounds Per Hours.

The mixture of a kind of 70.270% low-molecular-weight polyvinyl acetate, 8.786% HMW polyvinyl acetate, 9.273% low-molecular-weight terpene resin, 9.423% low-molecular-weight terpene resin, 9.423% HMW terpene resin and 2.24% pigment is added in second big inlet 232 with 16.01 Pounds Per Hours.Polyisobutene also is added in second big inlet with 3.51 Pounds Per Hours.

A kind of fat blend (225) is with in 14.16 Pounds Per Hours the general speed injection region 240.This fat blend includes 37% cotmar, 22% hydrogenated soybean oil, 15% partially hydrogenated cottonseed oil, 23% poly-glycerin monostearate, 2.4% soybean lecithin and 0.12%BHT.

Glycerine is with in 3.5 Pounds Per Hours of injection regions 260.The mixture of a kind of 85% sucrose and 15% 1 glucose aldohydrol adds in the big inlet 262 with 103.1 Pounds Per Hours.Cereal syrup (100) is with in 30.0 Pounds Per Hours of injection regions 260.Mint flavouring is with in 3.0 Pounds Per Hours of injection regions 260.

Each is distinguished temperature (z1-z5) and is set to 350,350,100,55 and 55 respectively, and extruder temperature (S1) is set to 100 °F.The mixture temperature of being measured (T1-T6, °F) confusingly be not 319,291,170,118,112 and 89.Screw speed is set to 60rpm.

This product is with 121 discharge blenders.It is finished product and has good chew characteristics and just look at not rubbery kernel.

Example 23

70/30% separates terpene resin and opened PVAC in 6/94% minute

This example has illustrated a kind of preparation that mint flavored contains the colloid base-material of carbohydrate gum matter that is used for.

The mixture of a kind of 26.413% mill pure isobutene-iso-amylene copolymer, 13.632% low-molecular-weight terpene resin, 13.797% HMW terpene resin, 0.378% HMW polyvinyl acetate, 3.021% low-molecular-weight polyvinyl acetate and 42.759% correct grinding calcium carbide is added in first big inlet 212 with 25.41 Pounds Per Hours.

The mixture of a kind of 71.233% low-molecular-weight polyvinyl acetate, 8.905% HMW polyvinyl acetate, 8.798% low-molecular-weight terpene resin, 8.941% HMW terpene resin and 2.133% pigment is added in second big inlet with 16.88 Pounds Per Hours.Polyisobutene also is added in second big inlet with 3.51 Pounds Per Hours.

A kind of fat blend (225) is with 14.16 Pounds Per Hours general speed injection region 240.This fat blend includes 37% cotmar, 22% hydrogenated soybean oil, 15% partially hydrogenated cottonseed oil, 23% glycerin monostearate, 2.4% soybean lecithin and 0.12%BHT.

Glycerine is with in 3.5 Pounds Per Hours of injection regions 260.The mixture of a kind of 85% sucrose and 15% 1 glucose aldohydrol was added in the big inlet 262 with 203.1 pounds/time.Cereal syrup (100) is with 30.50 Pounds Per Hours of injection regions 260.Mint flavouring is with in 3.0 Pounds Per Hours of injection regions 260.

District's temperature (z1-z5, °F) be set at 350,350,100,55 and 55 respectively, and extruder temperature is set to 100 °F.The mixture temperature of being surveyed (T1-T6, °F) be respectively 316,289,154,116,110 and 90.Screw speed is set at 60rpm.

This product is with 212 discharge blenders.Finish product and had good chew characteristics and invention rubbery kernel not.

Example 24

70/30% separates terpene resin and opened PVAC in 3/97% minute

This example has illustrated a kind of preparation that mint flavored contains the colloid base-material of carbohydrate gum matter that is used for.The mixture of a kind of 26.870% mill pure isobutene-iso-amylene copolymer, 13.867% low-molecular-weight terpene resin, 14.035% HMW terpene resin, 0.192% HMW polyvinyl acetate, 1.537% low-molecular-weight polyvinyl acetate and 43.499% correct grinding calcium carbide adds in first big inlet 212 with 24.99 Pounds Per Hours.The mixture of a kind of 71.664% low-molecular-weight polyvinyl acetate, 8.960% HMW polyvinyl acetate, 8.579% low-molecular-weight terpene resin, 8.718% HMW terpene resin and 2.08% pigment adds in second big inlet 232 with 17.31 Pounds Per Hours.Polyisobutene also is added in second big inlet with 3.51 Pounds Per Hours.

A kind of fat blend (225) is with in 14.16 Pounds Per Hours the general speed injection region 240.This fat blend includes 37% cotmar, 22% hydrogenated soybean oil, 15% partially hydrogenated cottonseed oil, 23% glycerin monostearate, 2.4% soybean lecithin and 0.12%BHT.

Glycerine is with in 3.5 Pounds Per Hours of injection regions 260.The mixture of a kind of 85% sucrose and 15% 1 glucose aldohydrol is added in the big inlet 262 with 203.1 Pounds Per Hours.Cereal syrup (100) is with in 30.0 Pounds Per Hours of injection regions 260.Mint flavouring is with in 3.0 Pounds Per Hours of injection regions 260.

District's temperature (Z1-Z5, °F) be set at 350,350,100,55 and 55 respectively, and extruder temperature (S1) is set at 100 °F.Measured mixture temperature (T1-T6, °F) be respectively 322,291,155,116,109 and 89.Screw speed is set to 60rpm.

This product is from 121 discharge blenders.Finished that product has good chew characteristics and without any tangible rubbery kernel.

Example 25

70/30% separates terpene resin and opened PVAC in 25/75% minute

This example has illustrated and has been used for the preparation that mint flavored contains a kind of colloid base-material of carbohydrate gum matter.The mixture of a kind of 23.864% mill pure isobutene-iso-amylene copolymer, 12.316% low-molecular-weight terpene resin, 12.465% HMW terpene resin, 1.418% HMW polyvinyl acetate, 11.303% low-molecular-weight polyvinyl acetate and 36.633% correct grinding calcium carbide is added in first big inlet 212 with 28.13 Pounds Per Hours.

The mixture of a kind of 67.688% low-molecular-weight polyvinyl acetate, 8.514% HMW polyvinyl acetate, 10.536% low-molecular-weight terpene resin, 10.707% HMW terpene resin and 2.559% pigment is added in second big inlet 232 with 14.13 Pounds Per Hours.Polyisobutene also is added in second big inlet 232 with 3.51 Pounds Per Hours.

A kind of fat blend (225) is injected in the district 240 with 14.16 Pounds Per Hours general speeds.

This fat blend comprises and contains 37% cotmar, 22% hydrogenated soybean oil, 15% partially hydrogenated cottonseed oil, 23% glycerin monostearate, 2.4% soybean lecithin and 0.12%BHT.

Glycerine is with in 3.9 Pounds Per Hours of injection regions 260.The mixture of a kind of 85% sucrose and 15% 1 glucose aldohydrol adds in the big inlet 262 with 203.1 Pounds Per Hours.Cereal syrup (100) is with in 30.0 Pounds Per Hours of injection regions 260.Mint flavouring is with in 3.0 Pounds Per Hours of injection regions 260.

Each is distinguished temperature (z1-z5) and is set to 350,350,100,55 and 55 respectively, and extruder temperature (S1) is set to 100 °F.The mixture temperature of being surveyed (T1-T6, °F) be respectively 311,289,158,114,109 and 89.Screw speed is set to 60rpm.

This product is with 121 discharge blenders.This product of having finished has good chew characteristics, and does not find any rubbery kernel.

Example 26

25/75% separates PVAC

This example has illustrated and has been used for the preparation that inviscid mint flavored contains a kind of colloid base-material of carbohydrate gum matter.The mixture of a kind of 46.302% mill pure isobutene-iso-amylene copolymer, 18.980% low-molecular-weight polyvinyl acetate and 34.718% correct grinding calcium carbide adds in first big inlet 212 with 17.12 Pounds Per Hours.

The mixture of a kind of 97.015% low-molecular-weight polyvinyl acetate and 2.9% pigment adds in second big inlet 232 with 10.05 Pounds Per Hours.Polyisobutene also adds second big inlet to 3.5 Pounds Per Hours.

In 23.33/ hour injection region 240 of a kind of fat blend (225).This fat blend includes 34% cotmar, 34% hydrogenated soybean oil, 25% partially hydrogenated soya oil, 6.8% glycerin monostearate and 0.10%BHT.

Glycerine is with in 2.1 Pounds Per Hours of injection regions 260.The mixture of a kind of 98.62% sucrose and 1.38%sorbitol adds in the big inlet 262 with 194.7 Pounds Per Hours.Cereal syrup (100) is with in 39.9 Pounds Per Hours of injection regions 260.Mint flavouring is with in 2.1 Pounds Per Hours of injection regions 260.

Each is distinguished temperature (z1-z5) and is set at 350,350,300,55 and 55 respectively, and extruder temperature (S1) is set at 150 °F.The mixture temperature of being measured (T1-T6, °F) be respectively to be 326,304,264,129,101 and 85.Screw speed is set at 69rpm.

This product is with 121 discharge blenders.Having finished product has good chew characteristics and does not find rubbery kernel.

Example 27

3/97% separates PVAC

This example has illustrated and has been used for the preparation that inviscid mint flavored contains a kind of colloid base-material of carbohydrate gum matter.The mixture of a kind of 55.586% mill pure isobutene-iso-amylene copolymer, 2.735% low-molecular-weight polyvinyl acetate and 41.679% correct grinding calcium carbide is added in first big inlet 212 with 14.26 Pounds Per Hours.

The mixture of a kind of 97.674% low-molecular-weight polyvinyl acetate and 2.325% pigment adds in second big inlet 232 with 12.9 Pounds Per Hours.Polyisobutene also is added in second big inlet with 3.5 Pounds Per Hours.

A kind of fat blend (225) is with in 23.33 Pounds Per Hours the general speed injection region 240.This fat blend includes 34% cotmar, 34% ^∧Hydrogenated soybean oil, 25.1% partially hydrogenated cottonseed oil, 6.8% single stearic vinegar glyceride and 0.10%BHT.

Glycerine is with in 2.1 Pounds Per Hours of injection regions 260.The mixture of a kind of 98.62% sucrose and 1.38%sorbitol adds in the big inlet 262 with 194.7 Pounds Per Hours.Cereal syrup (100) is with in 39.9 Pounds Per Hours of injection regions 260.Mint flavouring is with in 2.1 Pounds Per Hours of injection regions 260.

Each is distinguished temperature (z1-z5) and is set at 350,350,300,55 and 55 respectively, and extruder temperature (S1) is set to 150 °F.The mixture temperature of being surveyed (T1-T6, °F) be respectively 338,300,260,125,101 and 86.Screw speed is set to 69rpm.

This product is with 117 discharge blenders.Finish product and had good chew characteristics and invention rubbery kernel not.

Example 28

75/25% separates terpene resin

This example has illustrated the preparation of a kind of colloid base-material that is used to make the mint flavored sugar-containing chewing gum.A kind of 26.774% mixture of claying into power isobutene-iso-amylene copolymer, 14.822% low-molecular-weight terpene resin, 15.062% HMW terpene resin and 43.343% correct grinding calcium carbide adds in first big inlet 212 with 25.08 Pounds Per Hours.

The mixture of molecular weight polyisoprene vinylacetate, 74.152% low-molecular-weight polyvinyl acetate, 7.306% HMW terpene resin, 7.184% end molecular weight terpene resin and 2.087% pigment adds in second big inlet 232 with 25.08 Pounds Per Hours in a kind of 9.271%.Polyisobutene (being preheating to 250) also adds second big inlet with 3.51 Pounds Per Hours.

A kind of fat blend (225) is with 14.16 Pounds Per Hours general speed injection region 240.This fat blend includes 37% cotmar, 22% hydrogenated soybean oil, 15% partially hydrogenated cottonseed oil, 23% glycerin monostearate, 2.4% soybean lecithin and 0.12%BHT.

Glycerine is with 3.9 Pounds Per Hours of injection regions 260.The mixture of a kind of 85% sucrose and 15% 1 glucose aldohydrol adds in the big inlet 262 with 203.1 Pounds Per Hours.Cereal syrup (100) is with in 30.0 Pounds Per Hours of injection regions 260.A kind of mint flavouring is with in 3.0 Pounds Per Hours of injection regions 260.

Each is distinguished temperature (z1-z5) and is set at 350,350,100,55 and 55 respectively, and extruder temperature (S1) is set at 100 °F.The mixture temperature of being surveyed (T1-T6, °F) be respectively 324,291,154,117,110 and 89.Screw speed is set to 60rpm.

This product is with 124 discharge blenders.Finish product and had good chew characteristics and invention rubbery kernel not.

Example 29

50/50% separates terpene resin

This example has illustrated the preparation of a kind of colloid base-material that is used to make the mint flavored sugar-containing chewing gum.A kind of 29.737% mixture of claying into power isobutene-iso-amylene copolymer, 10.975% low-molecular-weight terpene resin, 11.148% HMW terpene resin and 48.140% correct grinding calcium carbide is added in first big inlet 212 with 22.58 Pounds Per Hours.

The mixture of a kind of 8.099% HMW polyvinyl acetate, 64.777% low-molecular-weight polyvinyl acetate, 12.749% HMW terpene resin, 12.551% low-molecular-weight terpene resin and 1.823% pigment adds in second big inlet 232 with 19.74 Pounds Per Hours.Polyisobutene (being preheating to 250) also joins in second big inlet with 3.51 Pounds Per Hours.

A kind of fat blend (225) is with in 14.16 Pounds Per Hours the general speed injection region 240.This fat blend includes 37% cotmar, 22% hydrogenated soybean oil, 15% partially hydrogenated cottonseed oil, 23% glycerin monostearate, 2.4% soybean lecithin and 0.12%BHT.

Glycerine is with in 3.9 Pounds Per Hours of injection regions 260.The mixture of a kind of 85% sucrose and 15% 1 glucose aldohydrol adds in the big inlet 262 with 203.1 Pounds Per Hours.Cereal syrup (100) is with in 30.0 Pounds Per Hours of injection regions 260.Mint flavouring is with in 3.0 Pounds Per Hours of injection regions 260.

Each is distinguished temperature (z1-z5) and is set at 350,350,100,55 and 55 respectively, and extruder temperature (S1) is set in 100 °F.The mixture temperature of being surveyed (T1-T6, °F) be respectively 339,289,155,112,107 and 90.Screw speed is set at 60rpm.

This product is with 121 discharge blenders.Having finished product has good chew characteristics and does not find rubbery kernel.

Example 30

25/75% separates terpene resin

This example has illustrated the preparation of a kind of colloid base-material that is used to make the mint flavored sugar-containing chewing gum.A kind of 33.433% mixture of claying into power isobutene-iso-amylene copolymer, 6.170% low-molecular-weight terpene resin, 6.274% HMW terpene resin and 54.123% sugar mill calcium carbide is added in first big inlet 212 with 20.09 Pounds Per Hours.

The mixture of a kind of 7.189% HMW polyvinyl acetate, 57.499% low-molecular-weight polyvinyl acetate, 16.981% HMW terpene resin, 16.712% low-molecular-weight terpene resin and 1.619% pigment adds in second big inlet 232 with 22.24 Pounds Per Hours.Polyisobutene (being preheating to 250) adds second big inlet with 3.15 Pounds Per Hours.

A kind of fat blend (225) is with in 14.16 Pounds Per Hours the general speed injection region 240.This fat blend contains 37% cotmar, 22% hydrogenated soybean oil, 15% partially hydrogenated cottonseed oil, 23% glycerin monostearate, 2.4% soybean lecithin and 0.12%BHT.

Glycerine is with in 3.87 Pounds Per Hours of injection regions 260.The mixture of a kind of 85% sucrose and 15% 1 glucose aldohydrol adds in the big inlet 262 with 203.1 Pounds Per Hours.Cereal syrup (100) is with in 3.0 Pounds Per Hours of injection regions 260.Mint flavouring is with in 3.0 Pounds Per Hours of injection regions 260.

Each is distinguished temperature (z1-z5) and is set at 350,350,100,55 and 55 respectively, and extruder temperature (S1) is set to 100 °F.The mixture temperature of surveying is respectively 346,250,156,115,108 and 88.Screw speed is set in 60rpm.

This product is with 121 discharge blenders.Finish product and had good chew characteristics, and do not had obvious rubbery kernel.

Example 31-33

For routine 31-33, same composition and method be used to blade-and-make three kinds of extra base-materials and colloid product in the pin blender.The composition that its difference is buttress rubber (isobutene-iso-amylene copolymer) and the hydrogenated soybean oil that accounts for buttress rubber 1% (example 31), 2.5% (example 32) and 5% (example 33) at room temperature dry type mix, and this has done sth. in advance the interpolation of liquid oils in district 220.Remaining hydrogenated soybean oil adds the liquid spout with other fats/oils.

The interpolation speed of rubber/filler/resin is approximately 24.5-24.6 Pounds Per Hour.The speed of PVAC resin is approximately 17.9-18.2 Pounds Per Hour, and the speed of polyisobutene is 3.5 Pounds Per Hours.

Example 34-36

For routine 34-36, same composition and method are used to make three kinds of extra base-materials and colloid product in blade-pin blender.The difference of these three examples is that glycerin monostearate mixes with buttress rubber.The amount of used glycerin monostearate is 1% (example 34), 2.5% (example 35), 5% (example 36) of buttress rubber.Remaining glycerin monostearate adds the liquid spout with other fats/oils.

The perceptual result of example 31-36 shows that softening agent can add very early in the base-material manufacturing, and is successfully added, to make a kind of chewing gum product.

Should know that method of the present invention can be combined into various embodiment, more than only illustrate and described several.The present invention can be embodied in other the form, and does not deviate from spirit of the present invention or essence.Know that increasing some other the composition that does not bar up especially, treatment step, material or constituent will have adverse effect to the present invention.Therefore best mode of the present invention can put behind one except that above listed comprise or with composition, treatment step, material or the constituent those in the present invention.But described embodiment only will be considered in every respect as an example rather than limit, and therefore scope of the present invention is expressed by claims rather than expressed by above argumentation.All all will be comprised in their scope from the variation in this claim equivalence meaning and the scope.

Claims (46)

1. a method of producing a kind of chewing gum base continuously may further comprise the steps:

A) continuously including hard synthetic rubber, the chewing gum base composition of filler and one or more lubricants adds in the continuous mixing device, described continuous mixing device has at least one to disperse the mixed zone, the inlet that separates at least one distribution mixed zone and a plurality of space, the described hard synthetic rubber of at least a portion and a part of described lubricant inject described blender by one or more inlets between end, described dispersion mixed zone, and a part of described lubricant is positioned at downstream, described dispersion mixed zone and the inlet before described part end, cloth mixed zone injects described blender by one or more.

B) make the chewing gum base composition in blender, bear continuous mixed running; With

C) when the chewing gum base composition is injected into continuously and mixes, from blender, discharge chewing gum base continuously in blender.

2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that continuous mixing device is made up of an equipment.

3. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that blender include a blade-and-the pin blender.

4. the method for claim 1, base are characterised in that hard synthetic rubber just contacts with the filler generation before hard synthetic rubber carries out any substantive mastication.

5. the method for claim 1 it is characterized in that lubricant includes one or more synthetic rubber solvents, and the inlet position that these one or more synthetic rubber solvents separate is injected into continuous mixing device on one or more described spaces.

6. the method for claim 5 is characterized in that the synthetic rubber solvent is selected from terpene resin, day combustion rosin fat and their mixture.

7. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that blender is selected from the counter-rotating double-screw extrusion machine, just changes double-screw extrusion machine, the Wemer ﹠amp of double-screw extrusion machine, Japanese Steel Works; The double-screw extrusion machine of Pfleiderer, the double-screw extrusion machine of Leistritz, blade-pin blender and blade mixer.

8. the method for claim 6, it is characterized in that natural rosin fat is selected from the glyceride of the glyceride of wood rosin glyceride, partial hydrogenation rosin, newtrex, the glyceride of part dimerization colophonium, the glyceride of rosin, the pentaerythritol ester of partial hydrogenation rosin, the methyl ester of rosin, the partial hydrogenation methyl ester of rosin, the pentaerythritol ester of rosin, the resin ester of rosin glycerine and their mixture.

9. the method for claim 5, it is characterized in that the synthetic rubber solvent is added to first and second inlets, and the ratio of adding the synthetic rubber quantity of solvent in first inlet to and adding the synthetic rubber quantity of solvent in second inlet to is greatly between 85: 15 and 55: 45.

10. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, because the application of high shearing hydrid component in the blender, colloid base-material composition mixes therein and the temperature of blender combines with the richness condition just makes the dispersion mixed zone bring into play function like this.

11. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that blender is with the peak temperature operation greater than 250 in described dispersion mixed zone.

12. sending out of claim 1 is characterized in that at least a portion filler disperses end, mixed zone inlet before to add blender by one or more being positioned at.

13. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that the colloid base-material discharges from blender as the part that chewing gum is divided into thing.

14. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that hard synthetic rubber all is added in first inlet.

15. the method for claim 1 it is characterized in that synthetic rubber comprises the styrene butadiene rubber, and filler comprises calcium carbide.

16. the method for claim 1 it is characterized in that the chewing gum base composition also comprises polyvinyl acetate in addition, and lubricant includes the synthetic rubber solvent.

17. the method for claim 16 is characterized in that polyvinyl acetate and the premixed of a part of synthetic rubber solvent and therewith is added in the blender.

18. a method of producing chewing gum base continuously comprises following steps:

A) continuously containing hard synthetic rubber, the chewing gum base composition of filler and one or more lubricants adds in the continuous mixing device, described continuous mixing device comprises inlet and the bucket with predetermined length that separates on a plurality of spaces, the described hard synthetic rubber of at least a portion and a part of described lubricant be added into one or more before bucket length the inlet between 40%, and a part of described lubricant is positioned at by one or more that inlet within 60% adds after barrel length;

B) make the chewing gum base composition within blender, stand continuous mixed running, thereby produce chewing gum base; With

C) when the chewing gum base composition adds continuously and mixes, discharge chewing gum base from blender continuously in blender.

19. the method for claim 18 is characterized in that lubricant is selected from synthetic rubber solvent, softening agent, soft synthetic rubber, thermoplastic polymer and their mixture.

20. the method for claim 19 is characterized in that thermoplastic polymer comprises polyvinyl acetate.

21. the method for claim 19 is characterized in that the synthetic rubber solvent is selected from terpene resin, day combustion rosin fat and their mixture.

22. the method for claim 19 is characterized in that softening agent is selected from fat fat, oil, wax emulsifying agent and their mixture.

23. the method for claim 19 it is characterized in that hard synthetic rubber has the Florey molecular weight greater than about 200000, and soft synthetic rubber has the Florey molecular weight less than about 100000.

24. the method for claim 23 is characterized in that soft synthetic rubber is selected from polyisobutene, polybutadiene and their mixture.

25. the method for claim 23 is characterized in that hard synthetic rubber is selected from isobutene-iso-amylene copolymer, styrene-butadiene rubber, natural rubber, lac and their mixture.

26. a method of producing chewing gum base continuously comprises following steps:

A) continuously containing hard synthetic rubber, the chewing gum base composition of filler and one or more lubricants adds a continuous mixing device, described continuous mixing device has the inlet that separates on a plurality of spaces, high shearing hydrid component and be positioned at the low shearing hydrid component in high shearing hydrid component downstream, the described hard synthetic rubber of at least a portion and a part of described lubricant are by one or more that be positioned at described high shearing components downstream and add described blender at described high shearing parts place or the inlet before it.

B) make the chewing gum base composition in blender, stand continuous married operation, thereby produce a kind of chewing gum base; With

C) when the chewing gum base composition is added into blender continuously and mixes, discharge chewing gum base continuously within it.

27. the method for claim 26 is characterized in that at high shearing hydrid component place blender with the peak temperature operation greater than 175.

28. the method for claim 26 is characterized in that at high shearing hydrid component place blender with the peak temperature operation greater than 250.

29. the method for claim 26 is characterized in that at high shearing hydrid component place blender with the peak temperature operation greater than 300.

30. the method for claim 26 is characterized in that lubricant comprises one or more softening agents, and the inlet position that these one or more softening agents separate in two or more described spaces adds continuous mixing device.

31. the method for claim 26 is characterized in that lubricant comprises one or more soft synthetic rubber, and the inlet position that these one or more soft synthetic rubber separates in two or more described spaces adds continuous mixing device.

32. the method for claim 26 is characterized in that lubricant comprises one or more thermoplastic polymers, and the inlet position that these one or more thermoplastic polymers separate in two or more described spaces adds continuous mixing device.

33. the method for claim 26 is characterized in that the inlet position that filler separates adds continuous mixing device on two or more described spaces.

34. a method of producing chewing gum base continuously may further comprise the steps:

A) continuously containing hard synthetic rubber, the chewing gum base composition of filler and one or more lubricants adds a continuous mixing device, described continuous mixing device has at least one and disperses the mixed zone, at least one distribution mixed zone and a plurality of wide inlet that upward separates, the described hard synthetic rubber of at least a portion, described lubricant of a part and the described filler of at least a portion add described blender by one or more end, described dispersion mixed zone inlets before that are positioned at, and a part of described lubricant is positioned at downstream, described dispersion mixed zone and the inlet before end, described distribution mixed zone adds described blender by one or more, the amounts of lubrication of disperseing to add before the end, mixed zone with contain the lubricant of desired quantity at the optimised so that gum base material of the ratio of the amounts of lubrication of disperseing the mixed zone downstream part to add and disperse to mix effectively the correctly hard synthetic rubber of mastication;

B) make chewing gum base composition continuous mixed running within blender, thereby produce a kind of chewing gum base; With

C) when the chewing gum base composition adds blender continuously and mixes, discharge chewing gum base from blender continuously within it.

35. chewing gum base of producing by the method for claim 1.

36. chewing gum base of producing by the method for claim 18.

37. chewing gum base of producing by the method for claim 26.

38. chewing gum base of producing by the method for claim 34.

39. a chewing gum product comprises the chewing gum base of being made by the method for claim 1.

40. a chewing gum product comprises the chewing gum base of being made by the method for claim 18.

41. a chewing gum product comprises the chewing gum base of being made by the method for claim 26.

42. a chewing gum product comprises the chewing gum base of being made by the method for claim 34.

43. a method of making chewing-gum mixture is characterized in that the method manufacturing of colloid base-material according to claim 1, and mixes to make described chewing gum synthetic with flavouring agent and filler and sweetener.

44. a method of making chewing-gum mixture is characterized in that the method manufacturing of colloid base-material according to claim 18, and mixes to make described chewing gum synthetic with flavouring agent, filler and sweetener.

45. a method of making chewing-gum mixture is characterized in that the method manufacturing of colloid base-material according to claim 26, and mixes to make described chewing gum synthetic with flavouring agent, filler and sweetener.

46. a method of making chewing-gum mixture is characterized in that the method manufacturing of colloid base-material according to claim 34, and mixes to make described chewing gum synthetic with flavouring agent, filler and sweetener.

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