CN115669803A - Micro-ecological feed capable of improving intestinal health and deodorizing and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Micro-ecological feed capable of improving intestinal health and deodorizing and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115669803A CN115669803A CN202211304435.6A CN202211304435A CN115669803A CN 115669803 A CN115669803 A CN 115669803A CN 202211304435 A CN202211304435 A CN 202211304435A CN 115669803 A CN115669803 A CN 115669803A
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 230000007413 intestinal health Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 240000000249 Morus alba Species 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 235000008708 Morus alba Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Betaine Natural products C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 241000194108 Bacillus licheniformis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 241000037740 Coptis chinensis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229940032049 enterococcus faecalis Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 241000194032 Enterococcus faecalis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 108010011619 6-Phytase Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940085127 phytase Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011218 seed culture Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021654 trace metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000218202 Coptis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002991 Coptis groenlandica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N choline Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CCO OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960001231 choline Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008223 sterile water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium hydrogenphosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019700 dicalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010855 food raising agent Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 28
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 25
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 24
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 18
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O N,N,N-trimethylglycinium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC(O)=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 24
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 22
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 13
- 241000191967 Staphylococcus aureus Species 0.000 description 13
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000003385 bacteriostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000015277 pork Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019621 digestibility Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000001079 digestive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000006916 nutrient agar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000433 anti-nutritional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036528 appetite Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019789 appetite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000861 blow drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000004913 chyme Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010227 cup method (microbiological evaluation) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003031 feeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000006286 nutrient intake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000023504 respiratory system disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the field of feeds, and particularly discloses a microecological feed for improving intestinal health, deodorizing and deodorizing, which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 50-55 parts of corn flour; 11-20 parts of fish meal; 25-31 parts of soybean meal; 10-15 parts of brown sugar; 5-7 parts of a microbial agent; 1-2 parts of an enzyme preparation; 6-9 parts of vitamin-mineral premix; 0.2-0.6 part of additive and water; the microbial agent comprises enterococcus faecalis, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the additive comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 12-18% of mulberry leaves; 25-30% of coptis chinensis; 20-35% of betaine; 24-30% of saccharicterpenin. This application has the activity of inhibiting the harmful bacterium when promoting beneficial bacterium to breed, effectively degrades remaining ammonia nitrogen in the pig manure, reduces the emission of harmful gas such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, simultaneously, promotes the effect that pig growth increased weight.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of feeds, in particular to a microecological feed capable of improving intestinal health, deodorizing and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The live pig is the industry of domestic animal husbandry pillars, and the domestic live pig breeding is gradually large-scale and intensive at present. A large amount of excrement and waste gas are generated while the pig farm is bred in a large scale, and great influence is generated on the surrounding environment.
At present, excrement and sewage of a pig farm can be well treated, but the pig farm can also generate a large amount of odor in the breeding process. The odor is mainly formed by putrefaction and decomposition of faeces formed by chyme which is not completely digested and absorbed after the pigs eat the feed, and mainly comprises ammonia gas and hydrogen sulfide. The odor is not easy to collect like the feces and the sewage, so that the rear end complete treatment is almost impossible and the technical difficulty is very high. The odor can not only reduce the surrounding air quality and harm the health of people, but also cause complaints of surrounding residents; meanwhile, the odor can also reduce the productivity and disease resistance of the swinery, cause respiratory diseases and influence the health of the swinery. Therefore, the ammonia reduction and deodorization are one of the key links for solving the environmental complaints and improving the production performance of the pork pigs. Meanwhile, technology upgrading is carried out from the front end of the feed at present, odor generation in the feeding process is reduced, and the method is the only means for efficiently treating the culture odor.
The existing research shows that the implementation of the feed front-end technology, including the schemes of reducing the protein content in daily ration, regulating the type and the amount of required protein, reducing the use of animal-derived protein and the like, can effectively reduce the emission of ammonia gas and hydrogen sulfide in a pig farm. However, this technique of reducing the nutrient intake of pigs has a significant drawback in that the production efficiency of pigs is sacrificed while reducing the generation of odors. In actual large-scale production, pig farms usually pursue the maximum growth efficiency and the best economic benefit of pigs as main purposes, and feed high-protein and high-energy feed for the pigs to promote growth. Scale pig farms do not typically employ techniques for reducing odor production by reducing the nutrient level of the feed.
Therefore, a brand new technology for deodorizing and deodorizing feed needs to be found in modern pig farms to operate in a mode of high-efficiency cultivation and low odor emission.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to promote the propagation of beneficial bacteria and inhibit the activity of harmful bacteria, improve the intestinal environment, effectively degrade residual ammonia nitrogen in pig manure, reduce the emission of harmful gases such as ammonia gas and hydrogen sulfide, and simultaneously promote the growth of pigs, reach the effect of improving pork quality and promoting the disease resistance of pig bodies, the application provides a microecological feed for improving intestinal health, deodorizing and a preparation method thereof.
In a first aspect, the application provides a microecological feed for improving intestinal health and deodorizing, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a microecological feed capable of improving intestinal health and deodorizing comprises the following components in parts by mass:
50-55 parts of corn flour; 11-20 parts of fish meal; 25-31 parts of soybean meal; 10-15 parts of brown sugar; 5-7 parts of a microbial agent; 1-2 parts of an enzyme preparation; 6-9 parts of vitamin-mineral premix; 0.2-0.6 part of additive and water;
the microbial agent comprises enterococcus faecalis, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and saccharomyces cerevisiae, wherein the volume ratio of the enterococcus faecalis to the bacillus subtilis to the bacillus licheniformis to the saccharomyces cerevisiae is (3);
the additive comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
24-30% of mulberry leaves; 14-30% of coptis chinensis; 28-35% of betaine; saccharicterpenin 12-21%.
By adopting the technical scheme, the corn flour and the brown sugar provide various carbon sources for microorganisms, generate enough organic acid and are beneficial to reducing the pH value; the fish meal and the bean pulp provide sufficient nitrogen sources for microorganisms and generate sufficient small peptides. The bacillus subtilis and the bacillus licheniformis convert macromolecular substances in the feed into small molecular substances in intestinal tracts, and are more beneficial to absorption. Through the compounding of microbial agents-enterococcus faecalis, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and saccharomyces cerevisiae in specific proportions and the synergistic effect of nutrient substances-corn flour, brown sugar, imported fish meal and bean pulp in specific proportions, nutrient substances in the feed are decomposed, so that the nutrient substances are changed into small molecular peptides, the absorption is more complete, and the effect is better; meanwhile, the nutrient substances also provide nutrient substances for the microbial agent, so that the microbial agent can keep activity all the time.
In addition, the mulberry leaves are rich in various amino acids, so that the mulberry leaves are added into the feed, the amino acid balance of the feed is favorably adjusted, and the growth of pigs is promoted. The betaine has appetite stimulating effect, contains abundant vitamins, and can supplement nutrients in pig body. And the added mulberry leaves have better inhibition effect on harmful bacteria, namely staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli, but also have inhibition effect on beneficial bacteria, namely microbial inoculum, so that the quantity of the harmful bacteria, namely escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus, in intestinal tracts is increased, and the emission of harmful gases, such as ammonia gas, hydrogen sulfide and the like, in pig manure is increased.
However, in the actual research and development process, the inventor unexpectedly finds that the coptis chinensis, the saccharicterpenin, the mulberry leaves and the betaine are added to be matched with each other, so that the propagation of beneficial bacteria is promoted, and the growth of harmful bacteria is also favorably inhibited, because some active ingredients in the coptis chinensis and the saccharicterpenin can inhibit the beneficial bacteria from being inhibited by the mulberry leaves, the feed cannot inhibit the beneficial bacteria while inhibiting the harmful bacteria, and meanwhile, the betaine can promote the coptis chinensis and the saccharicterpenin to inhibit the beneficial bacteria from being inhibited by the mulberry leaves, so that the effects of regulating and maintaining the microecological balance in the pig body and improving the intestinal environment of the pig are achieved, the emission of harmful gases such as ammonia gas and hydrogen sulfide is reduced, the harm to the pig body is avoided after long-term use, the generation of the harmful gases can be effectively reduced, and the breeding environment is improved.
Preferably, the saccharicterpenin accounts for 50 to 60 percent of the mulberry leaves by mass,
preferably, the coptis root accounts for 60-70% of the mulberry leaves by mass.
Preferably, the vitamin-mineral premix comprises salt, calcium hydrophosphate, choline oxide, vitamins and trace metal elements.
By adopting the technical scheme, the vitamin-mineral premix and the microbial agent are fermented to generate a great amount of mineral chelates, which is beneficial to the full absorption and utilization of minerals and reduces the emission of harmful gases such as ammonia gas, hydrogen sulfide and the like.
Preferably, the enzyme preparation comprises phytase, cellulase and complex enzyme, and the volume ratio of the phytase to the cellulase to the complex enzyme is 5.
By adopting the technical scheme, the enzyme preparation can supplement the shortage of endogenous enzyme, eliminate anti-nutritional factors in the feed, improve the utilization rate of the feed and reduce the emission of harmful gases such as ammonia gas, hydrogen sulfide and the like.
Preferably, the trace metal elements include copper, cobalt, iodine, zinc, selenium, fluorine and manganese.
Preferably, the mulberry leaf pretreatment steps are as follows:
s1: culturing a bacterial liquid: adding 30-40 parts by mass of brown sugar and water into 20-50 parts by mass of mulberry leaf starter culture, and sealing, fermenting and culturing for 3-5 days;
s2: crushing mulberry leaves: pulverizing folium Mori into 3-5cm;
s3: mixing and stirring uniformly: mixing the cultured bacteria liquid with folium Mori, sealing and fermenting for 1-3 days.
By adopting the technical scheme, the mulberry leaves are pretreated in advance, so that the storage time of the mulberry leaves can be prolonged, the palatability of the mulberry leaf feed is improved, the absorption rate and the digestibility of the pigs to the mulberry leaf feed are improved, the digestive intestinal tracts of the pigs are improved, and the growth of the pigs is promoted. In addition, the pretreated mulberry leaves are better matched with coptis chinensis, saccharicterpenin and betaine, so that the propagation of beneficial bacteria is promoted, the emission of ammonia gas, hydrogen sulfide and other odors is further reduced, and the content of sulfides and ammonia gas in pig manure is reduced.
In a second aspect, the application provides a preparation method of a microecological feed for improving intestinal health and deodorizing, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a microecological feed capable of improving intestinal health and deodorizing comprises the following steps:
s1: respectively transferring activated enterococcus faecalis, bacillus subtilis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, bacillus licheniformis and other slant strains into sterile water to form seed culture solutions;
s2: respectively transferring the seed culture solution obtained in the step (S1) to a fermentation tank containing a fermentation culture medium, controlling parameters such as fermentation temperature, stirring rate, ventilation volume, tank pressure and dissolved oxygen concentration, and culturing to obtain liquid strains;
s3: weighing raw materials of corn flour, fish meal, bean pulp, brown sugar and a microbial agent according to a ratio, and then respectively sieving the raw materials through a sieve to obtain a fermented feed raw material;
s4: uniformly mixing the enzyme preparation, the vitamin-mineral premix and the additive according to the proportion to obtain auxiliary materials;
s5: uniformly mixing the liquid strains obtained in the step (2) according to enterococcus faecalis, bacillus subtilis, saccharomyces cerevisiae and bacillus licheniformis to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid, and then inoculating the mixed bacterial liquid into the fermentation feed raw material obtained in the step (3) to obtain a raw material to be fermented;
s6: uniformly mixing the raw material to be fermented in the step S5, water and liquid strains, placing the mixture in an environment with the temperature of 33-36 ℃, and sealing and fermenting the mixture to obtain a basic material of the biological fermentation feed;
s7: and (3) uniformly mixing the basic material of the biological fermentation feed obtained in the step (S6) with the auxiliary material in the step (S4), placing the mixture in an environment of 25-30 ℃, and continuing secondary fermentation to obtain the micro-ecological feed.
According to the technical scheme, the micro-ecological feed prepared by the method takes corn flour, fish meal, soybean meal and brown sugar as raw materials, is subjected to biological fermentation of enterococcus faecalis, bacillus subtilis, saccharomyces cerevisiae and bacillus licheniformis, is supplemented with vitamin-mineral premix and additives, is rich in beneficial components such as a large amount of organic acid, high-activity complex enzyme, small peptide, alcohol and bioactive factors, forms a large amount of beneficial bacteria, inhibits the activity of the harmful bacteria, is beneficial to improving the intestinal environment, consumes ammonia gas, hydrogen sulfide and other odors, and effectively reduces the emission of harmful gases such as ammonia gas.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. through compounding of microbial agents, namely enterococcus faecalis, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and saccharomyces cerevisiae in specific proportions and synergistic with nutrient substances, namely corn flour, brown sugar, fish meal and bean pulp in specific proportions, the nutrient substances in the feed are decomposed, so that the nutrient substances are changed into small molecular peptides, complete absorption is facilitated, and the effect is better; meanwhile, the nutrient substances also provide nutrient substances for the microbial agent, so that the microbial agent can keep activity all the time.
2. The feed is beneficial to inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria while promoting the propagation of the beneficial bacteria by adding the coptis chinensis, the saccharicterpenin, the mulberry leaves and the betaine to be matched with each other, and the feed can inhibit the harmful bacteria while inhibiting the harmful bacteria, so that the feed can not inhibit the beneficial bacteria, has the effects of regulating and maintaining the micro-ecological balance in the pig body and improving the intestinal environment of the pig, reduces the emission of harmful gases such as ammonia gas and hydrogen sulfide, is harmless to the pig body after long-term use, can effectively reduce the generation of the harmful gases and improve the breeding environment.
3. The mulberry leaves are pretreated in advance, so that the storage time of the mulberry leaves can be prolonged, the palatability of the mulberry leaf feed is improved, the absorption rate and the digestibility of pigs to the mulberry leaf feed are improved, the digestive intestinal tract of the pigs is improved, and the growth of the pigs is promoted. In addition, the pretreated mulberry leaves are better matched with coptis chinensis, saccharicterpenin and betaine, so that the propagation of beneficial bacteria is promoted, the emission of ammonia gas, hydrogen sulfide and other odors is further reduced, and the content of sulfides and ammonia gas in pig manure is reduced.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Preparation examples 1 to 2
A preparation method of the additive comprises the following specific steps: mixing folium Mori, coptidis rhizoma, betaine and saccharicterpenin uniformly to obtain the additive, wherein folium Mori, coptidis rhizoma, betaine and saccharicterpenin are all in powder form.
Preparation example 3
The difference from preparation example 2 is that: the saccharicterpenin accounts for 50 percent of the mulberry leaves by mass, and the coptis chinensis accounts for 60 percent of the mulberry leaves by mass.
Preparation example 4
The difference from preparation example 2 is that: the saccharicterpenin accounts for 60 percent of the mass ratio of the mulberry leaves, and the coptis chinensis accounts for 70 percent of the mass ratio of the mulberry leaves.
Preparation example 5
The difference from preparation example 4 is that: no mulberry leaves are added in the additive.
Preparation example 6
The difference from preparation example 4 is that: rhizoma Coptidis is not added in the additive.
Preparation example 7
The difference from preparation example 4 is that: betaine is not added to the additive.
Preparation example 8
The difference from preparation example 4 is that: no saccharicterpenin is added into the additive.
The amounts of the components used in preparation examples 1 to 8 were varied in kg, and are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Example 1
A microecological feed for improving intestinal health, deodorizing and deodorizing comprises the following components:
corn flour; importing fish meal; soybean meal; brown sugar; a microbial agent; water; an enzyme preparation; a vitamin-mineral premix; an additive; the imported fish meal is purchased from Tianjin Ronghai International trade company;
wherein the microbial agent comprises enterococcus faecalis, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the volume ratio of the enterococcus faecalis, the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis and the saccharomyces cerevisiae is 3;
the enzyme preparation comprises phytase, cellulase and complex enzyme, wherein the volume ratio of the phytase to the cellulase to the complex enzyme is 5;
the vitamin-mineral premix comprises salt, calcium hydrogen phosphate, choline oxide, vitamins and trace metal elements; the trace metal elements include copper, cobalt, iodine, zinc, selenium, fluorine and manganese.
The embodiment also discloses a preparation method of the microecological feed for improving intestinal health, deodorizing and deodorizing, which comprises the following steps:
s1: respectively transferring activated slant strains of enterococcus faecalis, bacillus subtilis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, bacillus licheniformis, etc. into sterile water to form seed culture solution with concentration of 2.0 × 10 9 cfu/ml；
S2: respectively transferring the seed culture solution obtained in S1 to a fermentation tank containing fermentation medium, controlling fermentation temperature, stirring rate, ventilation volume, tank pressure, dissolved oxygen concentration, etc., and culturing for 20 hr to obtain liquid strain with concentration of 8.0 × 10 9 cfu/ml；
S3: respectively weighing raw materials of corn flour, imported fish meal, bean pulp, brown sugar and a microbial agent according to a ratio, and respectively sieving the raw materials through a 0.18-0.30mm screen to obtain a fermented feed raw material;
s4: uniformly mixing the enzyme preparation, the vitamin-mineral premix and the additive according to the proportion to obtain auxiliary materials;
s5: uniformly mixing the liquid strains obtained in the step (2) according to the volume ratio 3;
s6: uniformly mixing the raw material to be fermented in the step S5, water and liquid strains, placing the mixture in an environment at 33 ℃, and carrying out sealed fermentation for 96 hours to obtain a basic material of the biological fermentation feed;
s7: and (4) uniformly mixing the basic material of the biological fermentation feed obtained in the step (S6) with the auxiliary material in the step (S4), placing the mixture in an environment at 25 ℃, and continuing to perform secondary fermentation for 96 hours to obtain the micro-ecological feed.
Examples 2 to 4
The difference from example 1 is that: the amounts of the components are different.
The components and the amounts used in examples 1 to 4 are shown in Table 2, and the amounts are in kg.
TABLE 2
Example 5
The differences from example 4 are:
the mulberry leaf pretreatment steps are as follows:
s1: culturing a bacterial liquid: adding 30kg brown sugar and 100kg water into 20kg folium Mori starter, sealing, fermenting and culturing for 3 days;
s2: crushing mulberry leaves: pulverizing folium Mori into 3cm;
s3: mixing and stirring uniformly: mixing the cultured bacteria solution with folium Mori, sealing, and fermenting for 1 day.
Example 6
The difference from example 4 is that:
the mulberry leaf pretreatment steps are as follows:
s1: culturing a bacterial liquid: adding 40kg of brown sugar and 120kg of water into 50kg of mulberry leaf leavening agent, sealing, fermenting and culturing for 5 days;
s2: crushing mulberry leaves: pulverizing folium Mori into 5cm;
s3: mixing and stirring uniformly: mixing the cultured bacteria solution with folium Mori, sealing, and fermenting for 3 days.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 4 is that: the additive prepared in preparation example 5 was used.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 4 is that: the additive obtained in preparation example 6 was used.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 4 is that: the additive obtained in preparation example 7 was used.
Comparative example 4
The difference from example 4 is that: the additive prepared in preparation example 8 was used.
Comparative example 5
The differences from example 4 are:
a microecological feed for improving intestinal health and deodorizing comprises the following components by mass:
40kg of corn flour; 8kg of imported fish meal; 22kg of soybean meal; 9kg of brown sugar; 4kg of microbial agent; 25kg of water; 0.7kg of enzyme preparation; 4kg of vitamin-mineral premix; 0.1kg of additive.
Comparative example 6
The difference from example 4 is that:
a microecological feed for improving intestinal health and deodorizing comprises the following components by mass:
60kg of corn flour; 25kg of imported fish meal; 34kg of soybean meal; 18kg of brown sugar; 9kg of microbial agent; 33kg of water; 4kg of enzyme preparation; 12kg of vitamin-mineral premix; 0.8kg of additive.
Experiment 1 bacteriostatic test
The bacteriostatic test mainly adopts a bacteriostatic circle method to test the bacteriostatic effect of the microecological feed on escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, enterococcus faecalis, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the specific test method comprises the following steps:
(1) Activating strains: transferring Escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, enterococcus faecalis, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae stored in refrigerator at 4 deg.C to fresh nutrient agar slant, and culturing at 37 deg.C for 24 hr.
(2) Preparation of bacterial suspension: washing thallus Porphyrae on the inclined plane with 10mL sterilized normal saline twice, placing in conical flask containing glass beads, shaking on shaking table at 200r/min for 10min, and adjusting the concentration of bacterial suspension to 10 6 cfu/ml。
(3) Preparing an antibacterial flat plate: subpackaging 20ml of melted nutrient agar culture medium in each test tube, wiping off excess culture medium at the opening of the test tube with a paper towel, adding a rubber stopper, binding 7 tubes in a bundle, sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 20min, slightly cooling, and placing in a 50 ℃ constant-temperature water bath for heat preservation. On a clean bench, adding 1mL of bacterial suspension into each sterilized culture dish, pouring into 20mL culture dishes, fully mixing uniformly, blow-drying condensed water, and waiting for solidification.
(4) Oxford cup method: and (3) taking out the sterilized Oxford cup by using sterile forceps, putting the sterilized Oxford cup on the flame of an alcohol burner, quickly passing a fire, vertically placing the surface of the culture medium, and slightly pressing to ensure that no gap exists between the bottom of the cup and the culture medium. 5 Oxford cups are placed on each flat plate, 200uL of micro-ecological feed is injected into each Oxford cup, and the middle part is compared with normal saline, so that the micro-ecological feed cannot overflow; each microecological feed was subjected to 3 replicates, incubated at 37 ℃ for 24 hours, observed, measured and recorded for inhibition zone diameter (mm), and the test results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3
According to the data of comparative examples 1 to 4 in the table 3, which are respectively compared with the data of example 4, the mulberry leaves are not added in the comparative example 1, the microecological feed has an inhibition effect on both staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli, and has no inhibition effect on beneficial bacteria, but has a lower inhibition effect on harmful bacteria; the comparative example 2 is not added with the coptis chinensis, so that the microbial feed has an inhibiting effect on staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli and also has an inhibiting effect on beneficial bacteria, because the coptis chinensis and the saccharicterpenin which are not added in the comparative example 2 are mutually matched, the inhibiting effect of mulberry leaves on the beneficial bacteria cannot be inhibited, and harmful bacteria are increased; in the comparative example 3, betaine is not added, the microecological feed has an inhibition effect on both staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli, has no inhibition effect on beneficial bacteria, but has a lower inhibition effect on harmful bacteria; in comparative example 4, since saccharicterpenin was not added, the microbial feed had inhibitory effects on both staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli, and also on beneficial bacteria, since saccharicterpenin was not added in comparative example 4 in cooperation with coptis chinensis, it was not possible to inhibit the inhibitory effects of mulberry leaves on beneficial bacteria, so that harmful bacteria were increased.
However, the mulberry leaves, the coptis chinensis, the betaine and the saccharicterpenin are added simultaneously in the embodiment 4, the microbial feed has an inhibiting effect on staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli, and has no inhibiting effect on beneficial bacteria, and the inhibiting effect of the microbial feed on the staphylococcus aureus and the escherichia coli is higher than that of the comparative examples 1 and 3 in the embodiment 4, which shows that the mulberry leaves, the coptis chinensis, the betaine and the saccharicterpenin are matched with each other, so that the inhibiting effect of the microbial feed on the staphylococcus aureus and the escherichia coli is improved, the propagation of the beneficial bacteria is promoted, the intestinal environment of pigs is improved, and the emission of harmful gases such as ammonia gas and hydrogen sulfide is reduced.
According to the comparison of the data of the comparative examples 5 to 6 in the table 3 with the data of the example 4, the amounts of the components in the microbial feeds of the comparative examples 5 to 6 are not within the range protected by the application, the inhibitory effects of the comparative examples 5 to 6 on staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli are not as good as the inhibitory effects of the example 4, and the effect of the amounts of the components on the bacteriostatic effect is shown. Therefore, the amount of each component in the micro-ecological feed has higher inhibition effect on harmful bacteria only within the protection range of the application.
According to the comparison of the data of examples 5-6 in Table 3 with the data of example 4, examples 5-6 have been shown to be based on example 4, the mulberry leaves are pretreated, the inhibition effect of the microbial feed in examples 5-6 on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli is higher than that of example 4, and the results show that after the mulberry leaves are pretreated, the microbial feed can better cooperate with coptis chinensis, saccharicterpenin and betaine to inhibit the activity of harmful bacteria and promote the propagation of beneficial bacteria.
Experiment 2
Detecting the concentration of ammonia gas and hydrogen sulfide gas in the pig farm: 108 castrated boars weighing 60.0 + -1 kg were randomly divided into 12 groups, each group was randomly divided into 3 pens of 3 pigs each. The experimental pigs are fed in the same pig farm in the same environment, but are isolated in relatively independent space without convection of air by a partition plate.
Each group was fed with the microbial feeds prepared in examples and comparative examples. The pigs are fed regularly every day and are fed freely. After 7d of the pre-feeding period, 35d of a formal test is carried out, a PTM600 four-in-one gas analyzer is adopted to detect the concentration of the ammonia gas and the hydrogen sulfide gas in each circle in the 35d of the formal test, a blank control group (namely, a normal feed is adopted for feeding) is taken as a reference, the reduction condition of the concentration of the ammonia gas and the hydrogen sulfide gas is calculated, and the test result is shown in table 4.
Reduction rate% = (average concentration of test gas in blank control group-average concentration of test gas in each group)/average concentration of test gas in blank control group × 100%.
Experiment 3
In order to examine the feeding effect of each example and comparative pig, 12 experimental groups were set, 20 pigs were selected for each group, and the micro-ecological feed of the present application was selected to be fed under the same environment for a 30-day experimental period of 240 pigs in total. The results are shown in Table 4.
Net weight (kg/head) = weight of pig on day 30-weight of pig on day 0.
TABLE 4
According to the data of the comparative examples 1 to 4 in the table 4, compared with the data of the example 4, the reduction rate of ammonia gas in the example 4 is far higher than that of the comparative examples 1 to 4, the reduction rate of hydrogen sulfide is also higher than that of the comparative examples 1 to 4, the net weight of each pig is increased from about 20kg to 32.8kg, and the mulberry leaves, the coptis, the betaine and the saccharicterpenin are matched with one another, so that the emission of harmful gases such as ammonia gas and hydrogen sulfide is reduced, the growth of the pigs is promoted, the quality of pork is improved, the disease resistance of the pigs is improved, and the production efficiency of the pigs is improved.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A microecological feed for improving intestinal health, deodorizing and deodorizing is characterized in that: the paint comprises the following components in parts by mass:
50-55 parts of corn flour; 11-20 parts of fish meal; 25-31 parts of soybean meal; 10-15 parts of brown sugar; 5-7 parts of a microbial agent; 1-2 parts of an enzyme preparation; 6-9 parts of vitamin-mineral premix; 0.2-0.6 part of additive and water;
the microbial agent comprises enterococcus faecalis, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the volume ratio of the enterococcus faecalis to the bacillus subtilis to the bacillus licheniformis to the saccharomyces cerevisiae is 3;
the additive comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
24-30% of mulberry leaves; 14-30% of coptis chinensis; 28-35% of betaine; saccharicterpenin 12-21%.
2. The microecological feed for improving intestinal health, deodorizing and deodorizing according to claim 1, wherein: the saccharicterpenin accounts for 50-60% of the mulberry leaves by mass.
3. The microecological feed for improving intestinal health, deodorizing and deodorizing according to claim 1, wherein: the coptis accounts for 60-70% of the mulberry leaves by mass.
4. The microecological feed for improving intestinal health, deodorizing and deodorizing according to claim 1, wherein: the vitamin-mineral premix comprises salt, calcium hydrogen phosphate, choline oxide, vitamins and trace metal elements.
5. The microecological feed for improving intestinal health, deodorizing and deodorizing according to claim 1, wherein: the enzyme preparation comprises phytase, cellulase and complex enzyme, wherein the volume ratio of the phytase to the cellulase to the complex enzyme is (5).
6. The microecological feed for improving intestinal health, deodorizing and deodorizing according to claim 4, wherein: the trace metal elements include copper, cobalt, iodine, zinc, selenium, fluorine and manganese.
7. The microecological feed for improving intestinal health, deodorizing and deodorizing according to claim 1, wherein: the mulberry leaf pretreatment steps are as follows:
s1: culturing a bacterial liquid: adding 30-40 parts by mass of brown sugar and water into 20-50 parts by mass of mulberry leaf leavening agent, and sealing, fermenting and culturing for 3-5 days;
s2: crushing mulberry leaves: pulverizing folium Mori into 3-5cm;
s3: mixing and stirring uniformly: mixing the cultured bacteria liquid with folium Mori, sealing and fermenting for 1-3 days.
8. A method of preparing a microecological feed according to any one of claims 1 to 7 for improving gut health, deodorising and deodorising comprising: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: respectively transferring activated enterococcus faecalis, bacillus subtilis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, bacillus licheniformis and other slant strains into sterile water to form seed culture solutions;
s2: respectively transferring the seed culture solution obtained in the step (S1) to a fermentation tank containing a fermentation culture medium, controlling parameters such as fermentation temperature, stirring rate, ventilation capacity, tank pressure, dissolved oxygen concentration and the like, and culturing to obtain liquid strains;
s3: respectively weighing raw materials of corn flour, fish meal, soybean meal, brown sugar and a microbial agent according to a ratio, and then respectively sieving the raw materials through a sieve to obtain a fermented feed raw material;
s4: uniformly mixing the enzyme preparation, the vitamin-mineral premix and the additive according to the proportion to obtain auxiliary materials;
s5: uniformly mixing the liquid strains obtained in the step (2) according to enterococcus faecalis, bacillus subtilis, saccharomyces cerevisiae and bacillus licheniformis to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid, and then inoculating the mixed bacterial liquid into the fermentation feed raw material obtained in the step (3) to obtain a raw material to be fermented;
s6: uniformly mixing the raw material to be fermented in the step S5, water and liquid strains, placing the mixture in an environment of 33-36 ℃, and sealing and fermenting the mixture to obtain a basic material of the biological fermentation feed;
s7: and (3) uniformly mixing the basic material of the biological fermentation feed obtained in the step (S6) with the auxiliary material in the step (S4), placing the mixture in an environment of 25-30 ℃, and continuing secondary fermentation to obtain the micro-ecological feed.
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