CN115612550A - Method for extracting plant stock solution by low-temperature freezing squeezing method and application - Google Patents
Method for extracting plant stock solution by low-temperature freezing squeezing method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN115612550A CN115612550A CN202211218494.1A CN202211218494A CN115612550A CN 115612550 A CN115612550 A CN 115612550A CN 202211218494 A CN202211218494 A CN 202211218494A CN 115612550 A CN115612550 A CN 115612550A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 116
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 11
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005185 salting out Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims 3
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- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
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- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000944 Soxhlet extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 235000019871 vegetable fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/02—Pretreatment
- C11B1/04—Pretreatment of vegetable raw material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/06—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by pressing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/008—Refining fats or fatty oils by filtration, e.g. including ultra filtration, dialysis
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for extracting plant stock solution by a low-temperature freezing squeezing method and application, and belongs to the technical field of plant extraction. The invention can crack and completely release the cell wall of the plant cell by combining soaking, freezing and squeezing methods, and can obtain the plant stock solution by solid-liquid separation for many times, thereby fully utilizing the nutrient components in the plant; according to the invention, no chemical reagent is additionally added in the process of extracting the plant stock solution, and no step with large energy consumption such as refining processing is introduced, so that the nutrients and fibers of the plant are prevented from being lost or damaged due to high temperature, and other nutrient components are prevented from being denatured; the method for extracting the plant stock solution can extract the plant stock solution under the conditions of ensuring the freshness of the plants and protecting the nutrients of the plants, and is natural and low in cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant extraction, in particular to a method for extracting plant stock solution by a low-temperature freezing squeezing method and application thereof.
Background
The existing extraction method of the plant stock solution mainly adopts the processes of high-temperature squeezing, solvent leaching, refining and the like, the quality of the plant stock solution obtained by the high-temperature squeezing method is low, the deterioration of nutrient components in plants is easily caused, active substances and inherent aroma are lost, and the refining processing is required by adopting the method, so that the energy consumption is high; meanwhile, trans-fatty acid which is harmful to human bodies and is generated at high temperature can cause great harm to human health if being eaten for a long time; the solvent leaching method is to remove some specific structures by using a specific chemical solvent to carry out corresponding chemical reactions, although the method can be carried out at normal temperature, the chemical solvent can be introduced in the process of extracting the plant stock solution, and environmental pollution is easily caused, for example, CN201610041031.0 discloses a method for extracting plant protein and a method for analyzing plant proteomics.
Therefore, the development of an extraction method which is low in cost and does not add chemical reagents in the process of extracting the plant stock solution is the focus of the current research.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method for extracting plant stock solution by using a low-temperature freezing squeezing method and application thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for extracting plant stock solution by a low-temperature freezing squeezing method comprises the following steps:
s1, freezing clean plants to be squeezed after soaking in water until ice crystals appear on the surfaces of the plants to be squeezed;
s2, squeezing the frozen plant to be squeezed, separating out liquid obtained by squeezing and storing;
s3, fully mixing the plant solid squeezed in the step S2 with water, separating out liquid and storing;
and S4, separating and purifying the liquid obtained by separation in the steps S2 and S3 again by adopting a physical method to obtain the plant stock solution.
The method comprises the steps of soaking clean plants to be squeezed in water, increasing water in plant tissues to be squeezed, freezing the plants to be squeezed to increase the number of ice crystals in the plant tissues, squeezing the plants to be squeezed under the condition that the plants to be squeezed are frozen, destroying cell walls of the plants by utilizing mutual friction among the ice crystals, improving the damage of the plant tissues to be squeezed, cracking and completely releasing the cell walls of the plant cells, adding water again after the plants are squeezed, diluting plant stock solution, ensuring that water-soluble substances in the plant stock solution cannot be synchronously separated out along with the reduction of environmental temperature and grease during freezing, and obtaining liquid containing the plant stock solution through solid-liquid separation; the process of extracting the plant stock solution fully utilizes the nutrient components of the plant, no additional chemical reagent is added in the extraction process, the step with high energy consumption such as refining processing and the like is not introduced, and the method of freezing firstly and then squeezing is adopted, so that the nutrient and the fiber of the plant are prevented from being lost or damaged due to high temperature, and other nutrient components are not denatured.
As a preferred embodiment of the low-temperature freezing squeezing method for extracting the plant stock solution according to the present invention, in the step S1, the plant to be squeezed is peanut or coconut.
As a preferred embodiment of the method for extracting the plant stock solution by the low-temperature freezing pressing method of the present invention, in the step S1, the plant to be pressed is cleaned by removing impurities such as seed coats and the like from the plant to be pressed, and then washed by water, and the plant to be pressed is rinsed by the secondary ice bath, wherein the secondary ice bath rinsing is performed by performing secondary washing on the plant to be pressed by using ice water, so that the growth of the number of bacteria is reduced, and the oxidation rate of the plant is retarded.
It should be noted that before freezing the clean plant to be squeezed, the plant needs to be cut to reduce the size of the plant, so that the subsequent freezing is more sufficient, and the freezing time can be saved.
In a preferred embodiment of the method for extracting a plant stock solution by low-temperature freezing and pressing according to the present invention, in step S1, the clean plant to be pressed is soaked in water at 20-25 ℃, and the soaking at the temperature can ensure that tissues in the plant to be pressed are not damaged.
As a more preferable embodiment of the low-temperature freezing and squeezing method for extracting the plant stock solution according to the present invention, in the step S1, the volume ratio of the plant to be squeezed to water is: water =1:1-2.
In step S1, before the plant to be squeezed is frozen, the plant needs to be tiled to increase the freezing area, and the tiled plant is not too thick, otherwise the freezing time is increased.
As a preferred embodiment of the method for extracting the plant stock solution by the low-temperature freezing pressing method according to the present invention, in step S2, the ambient temperature of the plant to be pressed during pressing is less than 25 ℃, and the temperature of the plant to be pressed during pressing is increased, which may easily cause denaturation or evaporation loss of the pressed plant stock solution, so the ambient temperature of the plant to be pressed needs to be controlled here.
In a more preferred embodiment of the method for extracting a plant raw liquid by low-temperature frozen pressing according to the present invention, in the step S2, the liquid obtained by pressing is separated from the plant solid by a screen.
In a preferred embodiment of the method for extracting a plant raw liquid by low-temperature freeze pressing according to the present invention, after separating the pressed liquid in step S2, the separated liquid is mixed with water and filtered to remove the pressed plant residue remaining in the liquid.
As a more preferable embodiment of the method for extracting a plant raw liquid by low-temperature freezing and squeezing of the present invention, in the step S2, the volume ratio of the squeezed liquid to water is: water =1:1-2.
As a more preferable embodiment of the method for extracting the plant raw liquid by the low-temperature frozen squeezing method of the present invention, in the step S2, the temperature of the water is 15-25 ℃, and the water at the temperature can ensure that the squeezed liquid can not be evaporated or denatured due to the overhigh temperature.
In a more preferred embodiment of the method for extracting a plant raw liquid by low-temperature freezing and squeezing according to the present invention, in step S3, the mixture of the plant solid and water is centrifuged before the liquid is separated, and the oily substances in the plant solid can be removed by centrifugation.
As a preferred embodiment of the method for extracting a plant raw liquid by the low-temperature freezing and squeezing method of the present invention, in the step S3, the step of separating the liquid comprises: and (3) adding water with the temperature of 15-25 ℃ into the solid obtained by separation in the step (S2), fully mixing the solid and the liquid, standing, and separating the liquid from the solid by using a separation net after the solid and the liquid are layered.
After step S3 is completed, the separated solid may be further frozen and squeezed, i.e., steps S2 to S3 may be repeated, in order to sufficiently squeeze out the stock solution from the plant.
As a preferred embodiment of the method for extracting a plant raw liquid by low-temperature freezing and squeezing according to the present invention, in the step S4, the plant raw liquid comprises a protein and fat raw liquid.
As a preferred embodiment of the method for extracting the plant stock solution by the low-temperature freezing squeezing method of the present invention, in the step S4, proteins are separated by a salting-out method, and then a fat stock solution is separated by a cooling method.
In a more preferred embodiment of the method for extracting a plant raw solution by low-temperature freezing squeezing of the present invention, the step S4 of separating proteins by salting out comprises: and (3) adding inorganic salt into the liquid obtained by separation in the steps S2 and S3, fully mixing, standing, and collecting the generated white floccule, namely the protein stock solution.
As the most preferable embodiment of the method for extracting the plant raw liquid by the low-temperature freezing and squeezing method of the present invention, in the step S4, the concentration of the inorganic salt is 10% to 12%.
As a more preferable embodiment of the method for extracting the plant raw liquid by the low-temperature freezing and squeezing method of the present invention, in the step S4, the step of separating the fat raw liquid by the cooling method comprises: after collecting the white protein floccule, cooling the residual liquid, and then collecting solidified oily substances, namely the fat stock solution; the oily substances in the liquid can be solidified earlier than water by cooling.
As a preferred embodiment of the method for extracting the plant raw liquid by the low-temperature freezing and squeezing method of the present invention, in the step S4, the separated fat raw liquid needs to be washed for a second time to ensure that the separated fat raw liquid is clean and edible.
As a more preferable embodiment of the method for extracting a plant raw liquid by the low-temperature freezing and squeezing method of the present invention, the step of performing the secondary washing on the separated fat raw liquid in the step S4 comprises: mixing the separated fat stock solution with water of 65-100 ℃, centrifuging, then carrying out cooling treatment, and collecting a part which is solidified firstly, namely the cleaned fat stock solution.
It should be noted that, in the invention, the oily substances with the freezing point of more than 0 ℃ are extracted, the oily substances can be solidified by cooling, and then separated by shunting or filtering, and if the oily substances with the freezing point of less than 0 ℃ are extracted, the oily substances can be extracted by adopting an evaporation or critical extraction method.
Since the plant raw liquid contains components that can decompose oily substances, the liquid separated in steps S2 and S3 should not be stored for a long time and should be treated as quickly as possible.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a method for extracting a plant stock solution by a low-temperature freezing squeezing method, which can crack and completely release the cell walls of plant cells by combining soaking, freezing and squeezing methods, can obtain the plant stock solution by solid-liquid separation for many times, and fully utilizes the nutrient components of plants; according to the invention, no chemical reagent is additionally added in the process of extracting the plant stock solution, and no step with large energy consumption such as refining processing is introduced, so that the nutrients and fibers of the plant are prevented from being lost or damaged due to high temperature, and other nutrient components are prevented from being denatured; the method for extracting the plant stock solution can extract the plant stock solution under the conditions of ensuring the freshness of the plants and protecting the nutrients of the plants, and is natural and low in cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the proteins extracted in example 2;
FIG. 2 shows the fat stock solution extracted in example 2.
Detailed Description
To better illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
In an embodiment of the method for extracting a plant raw liquid by a low-temperature freezing squeezing method of the present invention, the method for extracting a plant raw liquid by a low-temperature freezing squeezing method includes the following steps: removing seed coats from peanuts, sequentially washing the peanuts with normal-temperature water and ice water, cutting 100g of cleaned peanuts into fragments, soaking the fragments in deionized water at the temperature of 25 ℃ and the volume of 200ml for 1h, spreading the soaked peanuts and placing the peanuts in a refrigerator for freezing, taking out the peanuts after ice crystals appear on the surfaces of the peanuts, placing the peanuts in a squeezer for squeezing, separating liquid obtained by squeezing from plant solids by using a separation net after squeezing is finished, mixing the separated liquid with water at the temperature of 20 ℃ according to the volume ratio of 1:1, filtering, removing residual squeezed plant residues in the liquid, and storing the liquid after the squeezed plant residues are removed; adding normal temperature water into the squeezed plant solid again, fully mixing the solid and the liquid, standing, separating the liquid from the solid by using a separation net after the solid and the liquid are layered, and combining the separated liquid with the liquid obtained by squeezing; adding sodium chloride solution into the collected liquid, fully mixing, standing when the concentration of sodium chloride in the solution reaches 12%, generating white floccule shown in figure 1, wherein the white floccule is protein in the plant stock solution, collecting the white floccule, slowly cooling the residual liquid, collecting oily substances which are firstly solidified along with the temperature reduction, namely fat stock solution, mixing the fat stock solution with water at 80 ℃, centrifuging and slowly cooling, and collecting the part which is firstly solidified, namely the cleaned fat stock solution as shown in figure 2.
Example 2
This example differs from example 1 only in that: the plant used in this example was coconut, and the remaining steps were identical to those of example 1.
Examples of the experiments
(1) 100g of the plants of examples 1 and 2 were subjected to Soxhlet extraction to determine the fat content m 1 The measurement results are shown in table 1;
(2) Measuring fat content m of squeezed plant solid by Soxhlet extraction method 2 The measurement results are shown in table 1;
(3) The extraction rate of the vegetable fat stock solution is calculated by the following formula (I):
the fat content of the invention is measured by a GB5009.6-2016 method, and the test unit is the test analysis research institute of the academy of sciences in Guangdong province.
TABLE 1
| Fat content (g) | Example 1 | Example 2 |
| m 1 | 42.7 | 29.8 |
| m 2 | 1.2 | 1.1 |
| Extraction ratio of fat stock solution (%) | 97 | 96 |
The results in table 1 show that the fat stock solutions in peanuts and coconuts can be fully extracted by the method of freezing and squeezing, the extraction rate of the fat stock solutions is more than 95%, and the fat stock solutions extracted by the method of the invention are harmless to human bodies and can be directly eaten; meanwhile, as shown in the figures 1 and 2, the method can extract protein and fat stock solution from the plant step by step, the operation is simple, the time consumption is short, and the whole process can be completed within 3 hours.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for extracting plant stock solution by a low-temperature freezing squeezing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, freezing clean plants to be squeezed after soaking in water until ice crystals appear on the surfaces of the plants to be squeezed;
s2, squeezing the frozen plant to be squeezed, separating liquid obtained by squeezing and storing;
s3, fully mixing the plant solid squeezed in the step S2 with water, separating out liquid and storing;
and S4, separating and purifying the liquid separated in the steps S2 and S3 again by adopting a physical method to obtain the plant stock solution.
2. The method for extracting plant stock solution by low-temperature freezing pressing according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the plant to be pressed is peanut or coconut.
3. The method for extracting a plant stock solution by low-temperature freezing pressing according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the clean plant to be pressed is soaked in water at 20-25 ℃.
4. The method for extracting plant stock solution by low-temperature freezing pressing according to claim 1, wherein the ambient temperature of the plant to be pressed is less than 25 ℃ in the pressing in step S2.
5. The method for extracting plant stock solution by low-temperature freezing pressing according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the pressed liquid is separated from the plant solid by a screen.
6. The method for extracting plant stock solution by low-temperature freezing and squeezing according to claim 1, wherein the step of separating the liquid in step S3 comprises: and (3) adding water with the temperature of 15-25 ℃ into the solid obtained by separation in the step (S2), fully mixing the solid and the liquid, standing, and separating the liquid from the solid by using a separation net after the solid and the liquid are layered.
7. The method for extracting a plant starting material according to claim 1, wherein the plant starting material in step S4 comprises a protein and fat starting material.
8. The method for extracting a plant raw liquid by low-temperature freezing pressing according to claim 7, wherein in the step S4, proteins are separated by salting out, and the separation step comprises: and (3) adding inorganic salt into the liquid obtained by separation in the steps S2 and S3, fully mixing, standing, and collecting the generated white floccule, namely the protein stock solution.
9. The method for extracting a plant raw liquid by low-temperature freezing squeezing according to claim 7, wherein in the step S4, the fat raw liquid is separated by a cooling method, and the separation step comprises: and after the white floccule is collected, cooling the residual liquid, and then collecting solidified oily substances, namely the fat stock solution.
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| CN202211218494.1A CN115612550A (en) | 2022-09-28 | 2022-09-28 | Method for extracting plant stock solution by low-temperature freezing squeezing method and application |
| PCT/CN2023/125729 WO2024067887A1 (en) | 2022-09-28 | 2023-10-20 | Method and use for extracting plant extract by low-temperature freeze-pressing |
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| CN202211218494.1A CN115612550A (en) | 2022-09-28 | 2022-09-28 | Method for extracting plant stock solution by low-temperature freezing squeezing method and application |
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| WO2024067887A1 (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2024-04-04 | 凌芷君 | Method and use for extracting plant extract by low-temperature freeze-pressing |
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| WO2024067887A1 (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2024-04-04 | 凌芷君 | Method and use for extracting plant extract by low-temperature freeze-pressing |
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