CN107197928A - A kind of aquatic products freeze-drying method of high reconstitution rate - Google Patents
A kind of aquatic products freeze-drying method of high reconstitution rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN107197928A CN107197928A CN201710489123.XA CN201710489123A CN107197928A CN 107197928 A CN107197928 A CN 107197928A CN 201710489123 A CN201710489123 A CN 201710489123A CN 107197928 A CN107197928 A CN 107197928A
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- aquatic products
- vacuum freeze
- freeze drying
- drying
- treatment fluid
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000009777 vacuum freeze-drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 235000005979 Citrus limon Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 244000131522 Citrus pyriformis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 244000298697 Actinidia deliciosa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 235000009436 Actinidia deliciosa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 241001261505 Undaria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000009434 Actinidia chinensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000021028 berry Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 24
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 244000144730 Amygdalus persica Species 0.000 description 7
- 241000282553 Macaca Species 0.000 description 7
- 235000006040 Prunus persica var persica Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241001596950 Larimichthys crocea Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niacin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000143060 Americamysis bahia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000922 anti-bactericidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000030833 cell death Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000805 cytoplasm Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003834 intracellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960003512 nicotinic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003463 organelle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B4/00—General methods for preserving meat, sausages, fish or fish products
- A23B4/03—Drying; Subsequent reconstitution
- A23B4/037—Freeze-drying, i.e. cryodessication, lyophilisation; Apparatus therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B4/00—General methods for preserving meat, sausages, fish or fish products
- A23B4/015—Preserving by irradiation or electric treatment without heating effect
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B4/00—General methods for preserving meat, sausages, fish or fish products
- A23B4/14—Preserving with chemicals not covered by groups A23B4/02 or A23B4/12
- A23B4/18—Preserving with chemicals not covered by groups A23B4/02 or A23B4/12 in the form of liquids or solids
- A23B4/20—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of aquatic products freeze-drying method of high reconstitution rate, it is characterised in that comprises the following steps that：（1）First time vacuum freeze drying：By the aquatic products of pretreatment under the conditions of 15~20Pa and 20~25 DEG C vacuum freeze drying；（2）Treatment fluid soaks：Aquatic products after first time vacuum freeze drying are transferred in treatment fluid and soaked 10~20 minutes, then takes out and drains, 75~100W microwave irradiations 1~2 minute；Wherein, treatment fluid is made up of the component of following parts by weight：1 part of Shitake Mushroom P.E, 3~4 parts of undaria pinnitafida extract, 12~15 parts of lemon juice, 20~30 parts of kiwi-fruit juice, 60~80 parts of water；（3）Second of vacuum freeze drying：The vacuum freeze drying under the conditions of 5~10Pa and 50~55 DEG C.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of aquatic products freeze-drying method, and in particular to a kind of aquatic products freeze-drying of high reconstitution rate
Method.Belong to the processing technique field of aquatic products.
Background technology
Aquatic products contain abundant grease and protein, and amount of grease content has been even more than the 30% of own wt, and oily
During the storage of aquatic products oxidative phenomena easily occurs for fat and protein, so as to cause aquatic products discoloration, rotten and corruption.
Therefore, the method for preserving of aquatic products is particularly important.
The main method for taking cryogenic freezing of storage both at home and abroad for aquatic products, i.e., posted by the control of low temperature means at present
The raw microbe survival environment on aquatic products, aquatic products rot to degenerate caused by preventing the presence because of parasitic microbe.But
It is that in the case of cryogenic freezing, moisture freezes first in the medium on outside periphery, the concentration of electrolyte in the solution that do not freeze
Increase, cause cell death, while with the reduction of temperature, intracellular moisture can also freeze and form ice crystal, so that
The destruction of cell membrane and organelle, cytoplasm outflow are caused, and then causes aquatic products to lose original delicate flavour and nutrition.
Vacuum Freezing ＆ Drying Technology is also applied in aquatic products storage in recent years, is in relatively low temperature（- 10~-50
℃）Under be frozen into solid-state, then moisture therein is directly sublimed into gaseous state without liquid under vacuum, finally make material
The dry technology of dehydration.But, how to make the rapid rehydration of the aquatic products after vacuum freeze drying is still a problem.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is that there is provided a kind of freezing of the aquatic products of high reconstitution rate is dry to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art
Drying method.
To achieve the above object, the present invention uses following technical proposals：
A kind of aquatic products freeze-drying method of high reconstitution rate, is comprised the following steps that：
（1）First time vacuum freeze drying：By the aquatic products of pretreatment, vacuum is cold under the conditions of 15~20Pa and -20~-25 DEG C
It is lyophilized dry；
（2）Treatment fluid soaks：Aquatic products after first time vacuum freeze drying are transferred in treatment fluid and soaked 10~20 minutes,
Then take out and drain, 75~100W microwave irradiations 1~2 minute；Wherein, treatment fluid is made up of the component of following parts by weight：
1 part of Shitake Mushroom P.E, 3~4 parts of undaria pinnitafida extract, 12~15 parts of lemon juice, 20~30 parts of kiwi-fruit juice, 60~80 parts of water；
（3）Second of vacuum freeze drying：The vacuum freeze drying under the conditions of 5~10Pa and -50~-55 DEG C.
It is preferred that, the aquatic products include fish, shrimps, crab class and shellfish.
It is preferred that, step（1）Middle pretreatment includes cleaning and draining away the water, and the sand being mixed in aquatic products is removed during cleaning
The debris such as gravel.
It is preferred that, step（1）Precooling is first carried out before middle vacuum freeze drying：The aquatic products of pretreatment are placed in -10
Precooling 30~40 minutes under the conditions of~-15 DEG C；2~3 hours of the time of first time vacuum freeze drying.
It is preferred that, step（2）In lemon juice be that squeeze the juice and obtain after lemon peeling that will be ripe, kiwi-fruit juice is by maturation
Kiwi berry peeling after squeeze the juice and obtain.
It is preferred that, step（2）In treatment fluid it is now with the current.
It is preferred that, step（2）The preparation method of middle treatment fluid is as follows：The lemon juice of formula ratio and kiwi-fruit juice are added into water
In, stir and evenly mix, be then slowly added to Shitake Mushroom P.E and undaria pinnitafida extract while stirring, sonic oscillation 20~30 minutes,
Produce.
It is preferred that, step（3）Precooling is first carried out before middle vacuum freeze drying：Aquatic products after microwave irradiation are put
Precooling 20~30 minutes under the conditions of -30~-35 DEG C；The time of second of vacuum freeze drying is 5~6 hours.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
The present invention realizes aquatic products by first time vacuum freeze drying, three steps for the treatment of fluid processing and second of freeze-drying
The freeze preservation of product.
Aquatic products are internally formed a lot " hole " after first time vacuum freeze drying, and place can be promoted by being soaked in treatment fluid
Various composition in reason liquid is sufficiently impregnated the emplastic bag in the inside of aquatic products, Shitake Mushroom P.E and undaria pinnitafida extract
The surface of aquatic products is wrapped in, microorganism is reduced to the growth inside aquatic products.Lemon juice and kiwi-fruit juice contain antioxidant content
With nicotinic acid, organic acid etc., collaboration, which is played in anti-oxidant and bactericidal action, Shitake Mushroom P.E and undaria pinnitafida extract, also contains marine alga
The compositions such as sugar, play a part of similar freeze drying protectant with other synergistic saccharides in lemon juice and kiwi-fruit juice, can prevent
The change of secondary protein structure, also, preservation is played in four collaborations.Microwave irradiation has also been carried out after treatment fluid immersion,
On the one hand bactericidal action can be played, on the other hand can promotes treatment fluid being uniformly distributed in " hole " inside aquatic products.
The temperature of first time vacuum freeze drying is higher, and second lower temperature is then carried out in the presence for the treatment of fluid
Vacuum freeze drying, the destruction in freeze-drying process to aquatic products internal structure can be reduced as far as possible, it is ensured that the reconstitution rate of product.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention will be further elaborated, it should explanation, the description below merely to
The present invention is explained, its content is not defined.
The Shitake Mushroom P.E and undaria pinnitafida extract of the present invention is purchased from Shaanxi Ci Yuan Bioisystech Co., Ltd.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of aquatic products freeze-drying method of high reconstitution rate, is comprised the following steps that：
（1）First time vacuum freeze drying：By the aquatic products of pretreatment under the conditions of 15Pa and -20 DEG C vacuum freeze drying；
（2）Treatment fluid soaks：Aquatic products after first time vacuum freeze drying are transferred to immersion 10 minutes in treatment fluid, then
Taking-up is drained, 75W microwave irradiations 1 minute；Wherein, treatment fluid is made up of the component of following parts by weight：Shitake Mushroom P.E 1
Part, 3 parts of undaria pinnitafida extract, 12 parts of lemon juice, 20 parts of kiwi-fruit juice, 60 parts of water；
（3）Second of vacuum freeze drying：The vacuum freeze drying under the conditions of 5Pa and -50 DEG C.
Wherein, step（1）Middle pretreatment includes cleaning and draining away the water, and the gravel being mixed in aquatic products is removed during cleaning
Deng debris.Precooling is first carried out before vacuum freeze drying：30 points of precooling under the conditions of the aquatic products of pretreatment are placed in into -10 DEG C
Clock；2 hours of the time of first time vacuum freeze drying.
Step（2）In lemon juice be that squeeze the juice and obtain after lemon peeling that will be ripe, kiwi-fruit juice is by the macaque of maturation
Squeeze the juice and obtain after peach peeling.Treatment fluid is now with the current, and preparation method is as follows：The lemon juice of formula ratio and kiwi-fruit juice are added into water
In, stir and evenly mix, Shitake Mushroom P.E and undaria pinnitafida extract are then slowly added to while stirring, sonic oscillation 20 minutes is produced.
Step（3）Precooling is first carried out before middle vacuum freeze drying：Aquatic products after microwave irradiation are placed in -30 DEG C of bars
Precooling 20 minutes under part；The time of second of vacuum freeze drying is 5 hours.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of aquatic products freeze-drying method of high reconstitution rate, is comprised the following steps that：
（1）First time vacuum freeze drying：By the aquatic products of pretreatment under the conditions of 20Pa and -25 DEG C vacuum freeze drying；
（2）Treatment fluid soaks：Aquatic products after first time vacuum freeze drying are transferred to immersion 20 minutes in treatment fluid, then
Taking-up is drained, 100W microwave irradiations 2 minutes；Wherein, treatment fluid is made up of the component of following parts by weight：Shitake Mushroom P.E 1
Part, 4 parts of undaria pinnitafida extract, 15 parts of lemon juice, 30 parts of kiwi-fruit juice, 80 parts of water；
（3）Second of vacuum freeze drying：The vacuum freeze drying under the conditions of 10Pa and -55 DEG C.
Wherein, step（1）Middle pretreatment includes cleaning and draining away the water, and the gravel being mixed in aquatic products is removed during cleaning
Deng debris.Precooling is first carried out before vacuum freeze drying：40 points of precooling under the conditions of the aquatic products of pretreatment are placed in into -15 DEG C
Clock；3 hours of the time of first time vacuum freeze drying.
Step（2）In lemon juice be that squeeze the juice and obtain after lemon peeling that will be ripe, kiwi-fruit juice is by the macaque of maturation
Squeeze the juice and obtain after peach peeling.Treatment fluid is now with the current, and preparation method is as follows：The lemon juice of formula ratio and kiwi-fruit juice are added into water
In, stir and evenly mix, Shitake Mushroom P.E and undaria pinnitafida extract are then slowly added to while stirring, sonic oscillation 30 minutes is produced.
Step（3）Precooling is first carried out before middle vacuum freeze drying：Aquatic products after microwave irradiation are placed in -35 DEG C of bars
Precooling 30 minutes under part；The time of second of vacuum freeze drying is 6 hours.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of aquatic products freeze-drying method of high reconstitution rate, is comprised the following steps that：
（1）First time vacuum freeze drying：By the aquatic products of pretreatment under the conditions of 15Pa and -25 DEG C vacuum freeze drying；
（2）Treatment fluid soaks：Aquatic products after first time vacuum freeze drying are transferred to immersion 10 minutes in treatment fluid, then
Taking-up is drained, 100W microwave irradiations 1 minute；Wherein, treatment fluid is made up of the component of following parts by weight：Shitake Mushroom P.E 1
Part, 4 parts of undaria pinnitafida extract, 12 parts of lemon juice, 30 parts of kiwi-fruit juice, 60 parts of water；
（3）Second of vacuum freeze drying：The vacuum freeze drying under the conditions of 10Pa and -50 DEG C.
Wherein, step（1）Middle pretreatment includes cleaning and draining away the water, and the gravel being mixed in aquatic products is removed during cleaning
Deng debris.Precooling is first carried out before vacuum freeze drying：30 points of precooling under the conditions of the aquatic products of pretreatment are placed in into -15 DEG C
Clock；3 hours of the time of first time vacuum freeze drying.
Step（2）In lemon juice be that squeeze the juice and obtain after lemon peeling that will be ripe, kiwi-fruit juice is by the macaque of maturation
Squeeze the juice and obtain after peach peeling.Treatment fluid is now with the current, and preparation method is as follows：The lemon juice of formula ratio and kiwi-fruit juice are added into water
In, stir and evenly mix, Shitake Mushroom P.E and undaria pinnitafida extract are then slowly added to while stirring, sonic oscillation 20 minutes is produced.
Step（3）Precooling is first carried out before middle vacuum freeze drying：Aquatic products after microwave irradiation are placed in -35 DEG C of bars
Precooling 20 minutes under part；The time of second of vacuum freeze drying is 6 hours.
Embodiment 4：
A kind of aquatic products freeze-drying method of high reconstitution rate, is comprised the following steps that：
（1）First time vacuum freeze drying：By the aquatic products of pretreatment under the conditions of 20Pa and -20 DEG C vacuum freeze drying；
（2）Treatment fluid soaks：Aquatic products after first time vacuum freeze drying are transferred to immersion 20 minutes in treatment fluid, then
Taking-up is drained, 75W microwave irradiations 2 minutes；Wherein, treatment fluid is made up of the component of following parts by weight：Shitake Mushroom P.E 1
Part, 3 parts of undaria pinnitafida extract, 15 parts of lemon juice, 20 parts of kiwi-fruit juice, 80 parts of water；
（3）Second of vacuum freeze drying：The vacuum freeze drying under the conditions of 5Pa and -55 DEG C.
Wherein, step（1）Middle pretreatment includes cleaning and draining away the water, and the gravel being mixed in aquatic products is removed during cleaning
Deng debris.Precooling is first carried out before vacuum freeze drying：40 points of precooling under the conditions of the aquatic products of pretreatment are placed in into -10 DEG C
Clock；2 hours of the time of first time vacuum freeze drying.
Step（2）In lemon juice be that squeeze the juice and obtain after lemon peeling that will be ripe, kiwi-fruit juice is by the macaque of maturation
Squeeze the juice and obtain after peach peeling.Treatment fluid is now with the current, and preparation method is as follows：The lemon juice of formula ratio and kiwi-fruit juice are added into water
In, stir and evenly mix, Shitake Mushroom P.E and undaria pinnitafida extract are then slowly added to while stirring, sonic oscillation 30 minutes is produced.
Step（3）Precooling is first carried out before middle vacuum freeze drying：Aquatic products after microwave irradiation are placed in -30 DEG C of bars
Precooling 30 minutes under part；The time of second of vacuum freeze drying is 5 hours.
Embodiment 5：
A kind of aquatic products freeze-drying method of high reconstitution rate, is comprised the following steps that：
（1）First time vacuum freeze drying：By the aquatic products of pretreatment under the conditions of 18Pa and -22 DEG C vacuum freeze drying；
（2）Treatment fluid soaks：Aquatic products after first time vacuum freeze drying are transferred to immersion 15 minutes in treatment fluid, then
Taking-up is drained, 75W microwave irradiations 1 minute；Wherein, treatment fluid is made up of the component of following parts by weight：Shitake Mushroom P.E 1
Part, 3.5 parts of undaria pinnitafida extract, 14 parts of lemon juice, 25 parts of kiwi-fruit juice, 70 parts of water；
（3）Second of vacuum freeze drying：The vacuum freeze drying under the conditions of 8Pa and -52 DEG C.
Wherein, step（1）Middle pretreatment includes cleaning and draining away the water, and the gravel being mixed in aquatic products is removed during cleaning
Deng debris.Precooling is first carried out before vacuum freeze drying：35 points of precooling under the conditions of the aquatic products of pretreatment are placed in into -13 DEG C
Clock；2 hours of the time of first time vacuum freeze drying.
Step（2）In lemon juice be that squeeze the juice and obtain after lemon peeling that will be ripe, kiwi-fruit juice is by the macaque of maturation
Squeeze the juice and obtain after peach peeling.Treatment fluid is now with the current, and preparation method is as follows：The lemon juice of formula ratio and kiwi-fruit juice are added into water
In, stir and evenly mix, Shitake Mushroom P.E and undaria pinnitafida extract are then slowly added to while stirring, sonic oscillation 25 minutes is produced.
Step（3）Precooling is first carried out before middle vacuum freeze drying：Aquatic products after microwave irradiation are placed in -33 DEG C of bars
Precooling 25 minutes under part；The time of second of vacuum freeze drying is 6 hours.
Comparative example 1
A kind of aquatic products freeze-drying method, is comprised the following steps that：
（1）Treatment fluid soaks：The aquatic products of pretreatment are transferred in treatment fluid and soaked 15 minutes, then takes out and drains, 75W is micro-
Amplitude is shone 1 minute；Wherein, treatment fluid is made up of the component of following parts by weight：1 part of Shitake Mushroom P.E, undaria pinnitafida extract
3.5 parts, 14 parts of lemon juice, 25 parts of kiwi-fruit juice, 70 parts of water；
（2）Vacuum freeze drying：The vacuum freeze drying under the conditions of 8Pa and -52 DEG C.
Wherein, step（1）Middle pretreatment includes cleaning and draining away the water, and the gravel being mixed in aquatic products is removed during cleaning
Deng debris.Lemon juice is will to squeeze the juice and obtain after ripe lemon peeling, and kiwi-fruit juice is will to be squeezed the juice after ripe Kiwi berry peeling
And obtain.Treatment fluid is now with the current, and preparation method is as follows：The lemon juice and kiwi-fruit juice of formula ratio are added to the water, stirred and evenly mixed,
Then Shitake Mushroom P.E and undaria pinnitafida extract are slowly added to while stirring, and sonic oscillation 25 minutes is produced.
Step（2）Precooling is first carried out before middle vacuum freeze drying：Aquatic products after microwave irradiation are placed in -33 DEG C of bars
Precooling 25 minutes under part；The time of second of vacuum freeze drying is 6 hours.
Comparative example 2
A kind of aquatic products freeze-drying method, is comprised the following steps that：
（1）First time vacuum freeze drying：By the aquatic products of pretreatment under the conditions of 18Pa and -22 DEG C vacuum freeze drying；
（2）Treatment fluid soaks：Aquatic products after first time vacuum freeze drying are transferred to immersion 15 minutes in treatment fluid, then
Taking-up is drained, 75W microwave irradiations 1 minute；Wherein, treatment fluid is made up of the component of following parts by weight：Undaria pinnitafida extract
3.5 parts, 14 parts of lemon juice, 25 parts of kiwi-fruit juice, 70 parts of water；
（3）Second of vacuum freeze drying：The vacuum freeze drying under the conditions of 8Pa and -52 DEG C.
Wherein, step（1）Middle pretreatment includes cleaning and draining away the water, and the gravel being mixed in aquatic products is removed during cleaning
Deng debris.Precooling is first carried out before vacuum freeze drying：35 points of precooling under the conditions of the aquatic products of pretreatment are placed in into -13 DEG C
Clock；2 hours of the time of first time vacuum freeze drying.
Step（2）In lemon juice be that squeeze the juice and obtain after lemon peeling that will be ripe, kiwi-fruit juice is by the macaque of maturation
Squeeze the juice and obtain after peach peeling.Treatment fluid is now with the current, and preparation method is as follows：The lemon juice of formula ratio and kiwi-fruit juice are added into water
In, stir and evenly mix, undaria pinnitafida extract is then slowly added to while stirring, sonic oscillation 25 minutes is produced.
Step（3）Precooling is first carried out before middle vacuum freeze drying：Aquatic products after microwave irradiation are placed in -33 DEG C of bars
Precooling 25 minutes under part；The time of second of vacuum freeze drying is 6 hours.
Comparative example 3
A kind of aquatic products freeze-drying method, is comprised the following steps that：
（1）First time vacuum freeze drying：By the aquatic products of pretreatment under the conditions of 18Pa and -22 DEG C vacuum freeze drying；
（2）Treatment fluid soaks：Aquatic products after first time vacuum freeze drying are transferred to immersion 15 minutes in treatment fluid, then
Taking-up is drained, 75W microwave irradiations 1 minute；Wherein, treatment fluid is made up of the component of following parts by weight：Shitake Mushroom P.E 1
Part, 14 parts of lemon juice, 25 parts of kiwi-fruit juice, 70 parts of water；
（3）Second of vacuum freeze drying：The vacuum freeze drying under the conditions of 8Pa and -52 DEG C.
Wherein, step（1）Middle pretreatment includes cleaning and draining away the water, and the gravel being mixed in aquatic products is removed during cleaning
Deng debris.Precooling is first carried out before vacuum freeze drying：35 points of precooling under the conditions of the aquatic products of pretreatment are placed in into -13 DEG C
Clock；2 hours of the time of first time vacuum freeze drying.
Step（2）In lemon juice be that squeeze the juice and obtain after lemon peeling that will be ripe, kiwi-fruit juice is by the macaque of maturation
Squeeze the juice and obtain after peach peeling.Treatment fluid is now with the current, and preparation method is as follows：The lemon juice of formula ratio and kiwi-fruit juice are added into water
In, stir and evenly mix, Shitake Mushroom P.E is then slowly added to while stirring, sonic oscillation 25 minutes is produced.
Step（3）Precooling is first carried out before middle vacuum freeze drying：Aquatic products after microwave irradiation are placed in -33 DEG C of bars
Precooling 25 minutes under part；The time of second of vacuum freeze drying is 6 hours.
Comparative example 4
A kind of aquatic products freeze-drying method, is comprised the following steps that：
（1）First time vacuum freeze drying：By the aquatic products of pretreatment under the conditions of 18Pa and -22 DEG C vacuum freeze drying；
（2）Treatment fluid soaks：Aquatic products after first time vacuum freeze drying are transferred to immersion 15 minutes in treatment fluid, then
Taking-up is drained, 75W microwave irradiations 1 minute；Wherein, treatment fluid is made up of the component of following parts by weight：Shitake Mushroom P.E 1
Part, 3.5 parts of undaria pinnitafida extract, 14 parts of lemon juice, 70 parts of water；
（3）Second of vacuum freeze drying：The vacuum freeze drying under the conditions of 8Pa and -52 DEG C.
Wherein, step（1）Middle pretreatment includes cleaning and draining away the water, and the gravel being mixed in aquatic products is removed during cleaning
Deng debris.Precooling is first carried out before vacuum freeze drying：35 points of precooling under the conditions of the aquatic products of pretreatment are placed in into -13 DEG C
Clock；2 hours of the time of first time vacuum freeze drying.
Step（2）In lemon juice be that squeeze the juice and obtain after lemon peeling that will be ripe.Treatment fluid is now with the current, preparation method
It is as follows：The lemon juice of formula ratio is added to the water, stirred and evenly mixed, Shitake Mushroom P.E and undaria pinnitafida are then slowly added to while stirring
Extract, sonic oscillation 25 minutes, is produced.
Step（3）Precooling is first carried out before middle vacuum freeze drying：Aquatic products after microwave irradiation are placed in -33 DEG C of bars
Precooling 25 minutes under part；The time of second of vacuum freeze drying is 6 hours.
Comparative example 5
A kind of aquatic products freeze-drying method, is comprised the following steps that：
（1）First time vacuum freeze drying：By the aquatic products of pretreatment under the conditions of 18Pa and -22 DEG C vacuum freeze drying；
（2）Treatment fluid soaks：Aquatic products after first time vacuum freeze drying are transferred to immersion 15 minutes in treatment fluid, then
Taking-up is drained, 75W microwave irradiations 1 minute；Wherein, treatment fluid is made up of the component of following parts by weight：Shitake Mushroom P.E 1
Part, 3.5 parts of undaria pinnitafida extract, 25 parts of kiwi-fruit juice, 70 parts of water；
（3）Second of vacuum freeze drying：The vacuum freeze drying under the conditions of 8Pa and -52 DEG C.
Wherein, step（1）Middle pretreatment includes cleaning and draining away the water, and the gravel being mixed in aquatic products is removed during cleaning
Deng debris.Precooling is first carried out before vacuum freeze drying：35 points of precooling under the conditions of the aquatic products of pretreatment are placed in into -13 DEG C
Clock；2 hours of the time of first time vacuum freeze drying.
Step（2）In kiwi-fruit juice be that squeeze the juice and obtain after Kiwi berry peeling that will be ripe.Treatment fluid is now with the current, prepares
Method is as follows：The kiwi-fruit juice of formula ratio is added to the water, stirred and evenly mixed, be then slowly added to while stirring Shitake Mushroom P.E and
Undaria pinnitafida extract, sonic oscillation 25 minutes, is produced.
Step（3）Precooling is first carried out before middle vacuum freeze drying：Aquatic products after microwave irradiation are placed in -33 DEG C of bars
Precooling 25 minutes under part；The time of second of vacuum freeze drying is 6 hours.
Test example
1st, fresh-keeping effect compares
The yellow croaker of above-mentioned processing is investigated, is refrigerated under the conditions of 4~5 DEG C, the pH value and TVB-N values of storage the 10th day, pH is investigated
Value is to judge one of index of flesh quality quality, and as protein is broken down into the amine and Ammonia material of alkalescence, pH value has
Significantly raised, pH value is higher, illustrates that the degree of spoilage of the flesh of fish is relatively higher；TVB-N values are effect of the protein in bacterium and enzyme
The lower reaction for decomposing the nitrogen-containing compounds such as the ammonia produced and amine, is the main source of bad smell after flesh of fish corruption, according to
GB18406.4-2001, the TVB-N Limited Doses of fresh fish are 20mg/100g.Probation starting point pH value and TVB-N values are respectively 6.7
And 8mg/100g, investigate and the results are shown in Table 1.
The fresh-keeping effect of table 1. compares
| PH value | TVB-N values（mg/100g） | |
| Embodiment 1 | 7.1 | 12.9 |
| Embodiment 2 | 7.1 | 12.9 |
| Embodiment 3 | 7.1 | 12.6 |
| Embodiment 4 | 7.1 | 12.5 |
| Embodiment 5 | 7.0 | 12 |
| Comparative example 1 | 7.8 | 26 |
| Comparative example 2 | 7.5 | 22 |
| Comparative example 3 | 7.5 | 21 |
| Comparative example 4 | 7.6 | 22 |
| Comparative example 5 | 7.6 | 20 |
| Fresh yellow croaker | ＞ 8.5 | ＞ 150 |
Comparative example 1 omits treatment fluid in first time vacuum freeze drying step, comparative example 2 and omits Shitake Mushroom P.E, contrast
Treatment fluid omits treatment fluid in undaria pinnitafida extract, comparative example 4 and omits treatment fluid summary in kiwi-fruit juice, comparative example 5 in example 3
Lemon juice is removed.PH value and TVB-N values are had a greatly reduced quality compared with embodiment 1~5.Illustrate that Shitake Mushroom P.E, undaria pinnitafida are extracted
Preservation is played in thing, kiwi-fruit juice and lemon juice collaboration.
2nd, reconstitution rate is investigated
Reconstitution rate is the example weight after water suction and the ratio of sampling weight, and record weighs the sampling weight of fresh yellow croaker, respectively
The freeze-drying process of embodiment 1~5 and comparative example 1~5 is carried out, then dry product is soaked in the room temperature of 8 times of weight again
In water, soak time is 15 minutes, the example weight after record water suction, and calculates reconstitution rate, the results are shown in Table 2.
The reconstitution rate of table 2. is investigated
| Reconstitution rate（%） | |
| Embodiment 1 | 95.3 |
| Embodiment 2 | 95.2 |
| Embodiment 3 | 95.5 |
| Embodiment 4 | 95.5 |
| Embodiment 5 | 95.8 |
| Comparative example 1 | 85.3 |
| Comparative example 2 | 80.1 |
| Comparative example 3 | 80.9 |
| Comparative example 4 | 89.1 |
| Comparative example 5 | 89.2 |
Comparative example 1 omits treatment fluid in first time vacuum freeze drying step, comparative example 2 and omits Shitake Mushroom P.E, contrast
Treatment fluid omits treatment fluid in undaria pinnitafida extract, comparative example 4 and omits treatment fluid summary in kiwi-fruit juice, comparative example 5 in example 3
Lemon juice is removed, reconstitution rate is significant lower compared with embodiment 1~5, illustrated Shitake Mushroom P.E, undaria pinnitafida extract, Kiwi berry
Juice and lemon juice collaboration play a part of frozen-dried protective and then improve reconstitution rate.
Although the above-mentioned embodiment to the present invention is described, not to the limit of the scope of the present invention
System, on the basis of technical scheme, it is each that those skilled in the art need not pay that creative work can make
Plant modification or deform still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of aquatic products freeze-drying method of high reconstitution rate, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps that：
（1）First time vacuum freeze drying：By the aquatic products of pretreatment, vacuum is cold under the conditions of 15~20Pa and -20~-25 DEG C
It is lyophilized dry；
（2）Treatment fluid soaks：Aquatic products after first time vacuum freeze drying are transferred in treatment fluid and soaked 10~20 minutes,
Then take out and drain, 75~100W microwave irradiations 1~2 minute；Wherein, treatment fluid is made up of the component of following parts by weight：
1 part of Shitake Mushroom P.E, 3~4 parts of undaria pinnitafida extract, 12~15 parts of lemon juice, 20~30 parts of kiwi-fruit juice, 60~80 parts of water；
（3）Second of vacuum freeze drying：The vacuum freeze drying under the conditions of 5~10Pa and -50~-55 DEG C.
2. aquatic products freeze-drying method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the aquatic products include fish, shrimp
Class, crab class and shellfish.
3. aquatic products freeze-drying method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（1）Middle pretreatment includes clear
Wash and drain away the water, the debris being mixed in aquatic products is removed during cleaning.
4. aquatic products freeze-drying method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（1）Middle vacuum freeze drying
Precooling is first carried out before：Precooling 30~40 minutes under the conditions of the aquatic products of pretreatment are placed in into -10~-15 DEG C；For the first time
2~3 hours of the time of vacuum freeze drying.
5. aquatic products freeze-drying method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（2）In lemon juice be by
Squeeze the juice and obtain after ripe lemon peeling, kiwi-fruit juice is will to squeeze the juice and obtain after ripe Kiwi berry peeling.
6. aquatic products freeze-drying method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（2）In treatment fluid now match somebody with somebody
Now use.
7. aquatic products freeze-drying method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（2）The preparation of middle treatment fluid
Method is as follows：The lemon juice and kiwi-fruit juice of formula ratio are added to the water, stirs and evenly mixs, mushroom is then slowly added to while stirring
Extract and undaria pinnitafida extract, sonic oscillation 20~30 minutes, are produced.
8. aquatic products freeze-drying method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（3）Middle vacuum freeze drying
Precooling is first carried out before：Precooling 20~30 minutes under the conditions of aquatic products after microwave irradiation are placed in into -30~-35 DEG C；The
The time of secondary vacuum freeze-drying is 5~6 hours.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109042839A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-12-21 | 常熟求是科技有限公司 | A kind of method of secondary soft freeze-drying preparation freeze-drying red bayberry |
| CN114848697A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-08-05 | 吉林省红五味生物技术有限公司 | Mountain ginseng active freeze-dried powder and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN103960341A (en) * | 2014-05-09 | 2014-08-06 | 舟山迪安赛生物科技有限公司 | Freeze drying method for aquatic products and freeze drying protecting agent |
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| CN103960341A (en) * | 2014-05-09 | 2014-08-06 | 舟山迪安赛生物科技有限公司 | Freeze drying method for aquatic products and freeze drying protecting agent |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109042839A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-12-21 | 常熟求是科技有限公司 | A kind of method of secondary soft freeze-drying preparation freeze-drying red bayberry |
| CN114848697A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-08-05 | 吉林省红五味生物技术有限公司 | Mountain ginseng active freeze-dried powder and preparation method and application thereof |
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