CN115611787B - 一种具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115611787B CN115611787B CN202211416666.6A CN202211416666A CN115611787B CN 115611787 B CN115611787 B CN 115611787B CN 202211416666 A CN202211416666 A CN 202211416666A CN 115611787 B CN115611787 B CN 115611787B
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- emission characteristics
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- luminescent material
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 20
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- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical group [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012312 sodium hydride Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000104 sodium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
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- NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heterophylliin A Natural products O1C2COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC2C(OC(=O)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=2)C(O)C1OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
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- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- MDYYIIBZUDBFQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-bromophenyl)-(4-carbazol-9-ylphenyl)methanone Chemical compound Brc1ccc(cc1)C(=O)c1ccc(cc1)-n1c2ccccc2c2ccccc12 MDYYIIBZUDBFQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HIHPKBOMPNDAIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-bromophenyl)-phenothiazin-10-ylmethanone Chemical compound C1=CC(Br)=CC=C1C(=O)N1C2=CC=CC=C2SC2=CC=CC=C21 HIHPKBOMPNDAIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZPYGQFFRCFCPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene Chemical compound [Fe+2].C1=CC=C[C-]1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=C[C-]1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 KZPYGQFFRCFCPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- YWKKLBATUCJUHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-n-(4-methylphenyl)-n-phenylaniline Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC(C)=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 YWKKLBATUCJUHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bipyridyl Chemical compound N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101150050192 PIGM gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- C07C317/32—Sulfones; Sulfoxides having sulfone or sulfoxide groups and nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups, bound to the same carbon skeleton with sulfone or sulfoxide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of the carbon skeleton
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- C07D265/38—[b, e]-condensed with two six-membered rings
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- C07D279/18—[b, e]-condensed with two six-membered rings
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- C07C2603/12—Ortho- or ortho- and peri-condensed systems containing three rings containing at least one ring with less than six ring members containing five-membered rings only one five-membered ring
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料及其制备方法和应用。本发明的有机发光材料,其核心是利用芴结构中sp3杂化的碳原子阻断两条共轭链的分子内电荷转移,同时以芴结构为主体,利用新增的两个不同的受体单元与不同的给体单元进行共轭连接,构建双D‑π‑A的共轭结构,形成双荧光发射通道。该结构具备双重荧光发射特性。这类材料可应用于压力传感器、光学数据存储和光电器件方面等领域,其合成工艺简单,原料来源广泛、廉价,适于广泛应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及有机光电材料技术领域,尤其涉及一种具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
有机发光材料由于其多功能的响应性和广阔的光电应用前景而受到广泛关注。特别是,激子在有机发光体系中的有效利用激发了广大科研工作者探索高激子利用率的发射路径。其中,具有双发射特征的荧光材料,在有机发光二极管、传感器、信息防伪、生物成像等领域有着极大的应用潜力。
传统荧光材料由于仅能利用单线态(S1)激子发光,其理论最大内量子效率仅为25%。热活化延迟荧光(thermally activated delayed fluorescence,TADF)材料可同时利用S1和三线态(T1)激子发光,达到100%的理论最大内量子效率,近年来成为OLED的主流发光材料。TADF材料由于避免了贵金属原子的使用,具有较低的成本,却具有与磷光材料几乎同一水平的发光效率(Wei.J,Zhang.C,Zhang.D,Zhang.Y,Liu.Z,Li.Z,Yu.G,Duan.L,Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.2021,60(22),12269-12273;Chan.C.-Y,Tanaka.M,Lee.Y.-T,Wong.Y.-W,Nakanotani.H,Hatakeyama.T,Adachi.C,Nat.Photonics.2021,15(3),203-207.),是近些年来的研究热点。具有双发射特征的热活化延迟荧光材料除了具备TADF材料的优势外,还由于两个荧光峰对于外界机械刺激的敏感度不同,从而响应不同的发光现象,实现肉眼可分辨的压力传感效果。
压致变色材料在外部压力的作用下荧光会产生变化(Zhai.C,Yin.X,Niu.S,Yao.M,Hu.S,Dong.J,Shang.Y,Wang.Z,Li.Q,Sundqvist.B,Liu.B,Nat.Commun.2021,12,4084.),在压力传感、安全信息存储等方面具有广阔的应用前景。
目前为止,压致变色材料多为传统荧光材料,容易发生聚集浓度淬灭,荧光内量子效率很低(仅有25%)(He.B,Chang.Z,Jiang.Y,Xu.X,Lu.P,Kwok H.-S,Zhou.J,Qiu.H,Zhao.Z,Tang.B,Dyes Pigm.2014,106,87-93),而普通的热活化延迟荧光材料只有一个荧光发射峰,同时具备双荧光发射的热活化延迟荧光材料种类极少。
发明内容
本发明的第一个目的是针对现有技术的不足,提供一种具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料,利用芴结构中sp3杂化的碳原子阻断两条共轭链的分子内电荷转移,形成三维结构,同时以芴结构为主体,利用新增的两个不同的受体单元与不同的给体单元进行共轭连接,构建双D-π-A的共轭结构,形成双荧光发射通道。
一种具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料,结构如式(1)、(2)、(3)、(4)、(5)所示:
其中:X为卤素;R1选自 中的一种。
一种具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料,结构如式Ⅰ、Ⅱ、ⅡI、IV、V所示:
其中,R1、R2分别独立地选自 或卤素原子中的一种。
其中,R1可以与R2相同,也可以不同,且R1与R2不同时为卤素。
本发明的第二个目的是提供所述的一种具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料的制备方法,该方法合成简单高效,荧光量子产率高,便于规模化生产,其相应器件发光效率优于传统荧光材料器件,压致变色现象显著,可广泛应用于有机光电材料和压力传感器领域。
制备式(1)、(2)、(3)、(4)、(5)所示的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料,采用的技术方案如下:
将化合物A、化合物B、碱和钯催化剂以摩尔比1:1.1~1.5:1.8~3.0:0.02~0.10的比例一同加入甲苯、乙醇和水的混合溶剂中,回流搅拌36~72小时,分离纯化后得到所述有机发光材料;
所述的化合物A为其中,X为卤素;
优选的,卤素为氟原子;
所述的化合物B为 中的一种,
其中,X为卤素,R1选自 中的一种;
优选的,所述的碱为碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸铯或氢化钠中的一种;所述的钯催化剂为四(三苯基膦)钯。
制备式Ⅰ、Ⅱ、ⅡI、IV、V所示的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料,采用的技术方案如下:
步骤(1)、将化合物A、化合物B、碱和钯催化剂以摩尔比1:1.1~1.5:1.8~3.0:0.02~0.10的比例一同加入甲苯、乙醇和水的混合溶剂中,回流搅拌36~72小时,分离纯化后得到中间体;
所述的化合物A为其中,X为卤素;
优选的,卤素为氟原子;
所述的化合物B为 中的一种,
其中,X为卤素,R1选自 或卤素原子中的一种;
所述的中间体选自以下结构:
其中,X为卤素,R1选自 或卤素原子中的一种。
步骤(2)、将中间体、化合物C和碱以摩尔比1:1.1~2.0:3.0~10.0的比例一同加入有机溶剂中,110℃下反应12~36小时,分离纯化得到所述有机发光材料。
所述的化合物C为 中的一种。
优选的,所述的碱为碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸铯或氢化钠中的一种;所述的钯催化剂为四(三苯基膦)钯;所述的有机溶剂为二甲基甲酰胺DMF。
本发明的第三个目的是提供所述的一种具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料在有机电致发光器件的应用。
本发明的第四个目的是提供一种有机电致发光器件,包括玻璃、导电玻璃衬底层、空穴注入层、空穴传输层、有机发光层、电子传输层、电子注入层、阴极层,其中有机发光层含有上述具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料。
本发明的第五个目的是提供所述的一种具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料在压力传感领域的应用。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点在于:
(1)本发明提供了一种新型具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料,以芳香取代的胺基或芳香杂环胺基为给体单元连接到不同的受体上,再以芴中的sp3杂化的碳原子打断两条共轭链之间的分子内电荷转移,芴结构中sp3杂化的碳原子可以阻断两条共轭链之间的能量传输,利用两个不同的受体单元与不同的给体单元进行共轭连接,构建双D-π-A的共轭链,形成具有三维空间结构的双荧光发射通道,能够缓解荧光材料高浓度下的聚集淬灭,且TADF性质具备激子利用率高的优势,能显著提升具备双荧光发射的热活化延迟荧光材料的量子效率;通过两条发光不同的共轭链实现双荧光发射,其发光可通过改变给体单元进行调控;多受体结构易于修饰,可以通过改变相应的芳香取代的胺基或芳香杂环胺基来对化合物的发光进行调控。
(2)本发明制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料,原料易得,合成简单,具有高量子效率,可用于规模化生产应用于有机电致发光领域。
(3)本发明利用所述的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料制得的有机电致发光器件效率普遍优于应用传统荧光材料的器件,其中,最高器件效率可以达到15.6%。
(4)本发明所述的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料还具有压致变色特征,荧光发射光谱随着压力的改变变化明显,可应用于压力传感领域。
附图说明
图1为实施例3制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料在甲苯溶液中的荧光光谱。
图2为实施例4制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料在甲苯溶液中的荧光光谱。
图3为实施例5制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料在甲苯溶液中的荧光光谱。
图4为实施例6制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料在甲苯溶液中的荧光光谱。
图5为实施例7制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料在甲苯溶液中的荧光光谱。
图6为实施例10制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料在甲苯溶液中的荧光光谱。
图7为实施例11制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料在甲苯溶液中的荧光光谱。
图8为实施例12制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料在甲苯溶液中的荧光光谱。
图9为实施例13制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料在甲苯溶液中的荧光光谱。
图10为实施例14制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料在甲苯溶液中的荧光光谱。
图11为实施例4制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料在甲苯溶液中的瞬态光致光谱衰变曲线图。
图12为实施例7制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料在甲苯溶液中的瞬态光致光谱衰变曲线图。
图13为应用例1中制得的有机电致发光器件的结构图,其中,1为导电玻璃衬底,2为空穴注入层,3为空穴传输层,4为有机发光层,5为电子传输层,6为电子注入层,7为阴极层。
图14为应用例2中使用的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料在不同压力下的发光行为及可视化图片。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图与实施例,进一步阐明本发明。应理解,这些实施例仅用于说明本发明,而不用于限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
化合物A的合成路线如下所示:
将9-(4-氟苯基磺酰基)苯基)-9-(4-碘苯基)-9H-芴(1.50g,2.49mmol)、联硼酸频哪醇酯(0.95g,3.74mmol)、二(二苯膦基)二茂铁二氯化钯(0.09g,0.12mmol)和醋酸钾(0.73g,7.45mmol)溶解于90mL 1,4-二氧六环溶剂中,加热回流24小时,二氯甲烷和水萃取,柱层析纯化,得到化合物A,产物为白色固体(产率60%)。
本实施例中,所述的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料的合成路线如下所示:
将化合物A(0.30g,0.50mmol)、(4-溴苯基)(4-二苯胺基)甲酮(0.26g,0.61mmol)、四(三苯基膦)钯(0.03g,0.03mmol)和碳酸钾(0.14g,1.01mmol)溶解于30mL甲苯溶剂中,随后加入15mL乙醇与8mL水,加热回流72小时,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,二氯甲烷和水萃取,柱层析纯化,得到具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料(产率90%)。
元素分析理论值C56H38FNO3S(%):C 81.63,H 4.65,N 1.70,O 5.83,S 3.90;发现值:C 81.64,H 4.67,N 1.70,O 5.81,S 3.89。
实施例2
利用实施例1制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料,继续以下式的路线合成本实施例中的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料:
将吩噻嗪(0.06g,0.30mmol)和氢化钠(0.02g,0.84mmol)溶解于5mL DMF溶剂中室温搅拌2小时,随后将实施例1制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料(0.15g,0.18mmol)溶解于20mLDMF溶剂中加入反应液,110℃下加热搅拌24小时,减压蒸馏,二氯甲烷和水萃取,柱层析纯化,得到具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料(产率80%)。
元素分析理论值C68H46N2O3S2(%):C 81.41,H 4.62,N 2.79,O 4.78,S 6.39;发现值:C 81.40,H 4.63,N 2.80,O 4.77,S 6.40。
实施例3
本实施例中,所述的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料的合成路线如下所示:
将化合物A(0.30g,0.50mmol)、(4-溴苯基)(10H-吩噻嗪-10基)甲酮(0.28g,0.61mmol)、四(三苯基膦)钯(0.03g,0.03mmol)和碳酸钾(0.14g,1.01mmol)溶解于30mL甲苯溶剂中,随后加入15mL乙醇与8mL水,加热回流72小时,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,二氯甲烷和水萃取,柱层析纯化,得到具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料(产率66%)。制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料在甲苯溶液中的荧光光谱如图1所示。
元素分析理论值C56H36FNO3S2(%):C 78.76,H 4.25,N 1.64,O 5.62,S 7.51;发现值:C 78.77,H 4.22,N 1.67,O 5.61,S 7.51。
实施例4
利用实施例3制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料,继续以下式的路线合成本实施例中的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料:
将咔唑(0.29g,1.73mmol)和氢化钠(0.08g,3.46mmol)溶解于10mLDMF溶剂中室温搅拌2小时,随后将实施例3制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料(1.02g,1.20mmol)溶于25mLDMF溶剂中加入反应液,110℃下加热搅拌24小时,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,二氯甲烷和水萃取,柱层析纯化,得到具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料(产率77%)。制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料在甲苯溶液中的荧光光谱如图2所示。
元素分析理论值C68H44N2O3S2(%):C 81.57,H 4.43,N 2.80,O 4.79,6.40;发现值:C 81.59,H 4.42,N 2.81,O 4.76,S 6.42。
实施例5
利用实施例3制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料,继续以下式的路线合成本实施例中的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料:
将吩噻嗪(0.30g,1.51mmol)和氢化钠(0.08g,3.50mmol)溶解于10mL DMF溶剂中室温搅拌2小时,随后将实施例3制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料(0.80g,0.94mmol)溶于20mLDMF溶剂中加入反应液,110℃下加热搅拌24小时,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,二氯甲烷和水萃取,柱层析纯化,得到具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料(产率50%)。制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料在甲苯溶液中的荧光光谱如图3所示,在甲苯溶液中的瞬态光致光谱衰变曲线图如图11所示。
元素分析理论值C68H44N2O3S3(%):C 79.04,H 4.29,N 2.71,O 4.65,S 9.31;发现值:C 79.03,H 4.29,N 2.72,O 4.63,S 9.33。
实施例6
本实施例中,所述的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料的合成路线如下所示:
将化合物A(0.30g,0.50mmol)、(4-(9H-咔唑-9-基)苯基)(4-溴苯基)甲酮(0.24g,0.56mmol)、四(三苯基膦)钯(0.03g,0.03mmol)和碳酸钾(0.14g,1.01mmol)溶解于30mL甲苯溶剂中,随后加入15mL乙醇与8mL水,加热回流72小时,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,二氯甲烷和水萃取,柱层析纯化,得到中具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料(产率65%)。制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料在甲苯溶液中的荧光光谱如图4所示。
元素分析理论值C56H36FNO3S(%):C 81.83,H 4.41,N 1.70,O 5.84,S 3.90;发现值:C 81.83,H 4.40,N 1.72,O 5.85,S 3.89。
实施例7
利用实施例6制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料,继续以下式的路线合成本实施例中的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料:
将吩噻嗪(0.32g,1.60mmol)和氢化钠(0.08g,3.50mmol)溶解于15mL DMF溶剂中室温搅拌2小时,随后将实施例6制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料(1.07g,1.30mmol)溶于40mLDMF溶剂中加入反应液,110℃下加热搅拌24小时,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,二氯甲烷和水萃取,柱层析纯化,得到具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料(产率41%)。制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料在甲苯溶液中的荧光光谱如图5所示,在甲苯溶液中的瞬态光致光谱衰变曲线图如图12所示。
元素分析理论值C68H44N2O3S2(%):C 81.57,H 4.43,N 2.80,O 4.79,S 6.40;发现值:C 81.58,H 4.45,N 2.80,O 4.80,S 6.37。
实施例8
本实施例中,所述的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料的合成路线如下所示:
将化合物A(0.30g,0.50mmol)、2-溴-7-(10H-吩噁嗪-10-基)蒽-9,10-二酮(0.28g,0.60mmol)、四(三苯基膦)钯(0.03g,0.03mmol)和碳酸钾(0.14g,1.01mmol)溶解于30mL甲苯溶剂中,随后加入15mL乙醇与8mL水,加热回流72小时,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,二氯甲烷和水萃取,柱层析纯化,得到具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料(产率85%)。
元素分析理论值C57H34FNO5S(%):C 79.24,H 3.97,N 1.62,O 9.26,S 3.71;发现值:C 79.24,H 3.99,N 1.60,O 9.27,S 3.73。
实施例9
利用实施例8制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料,继续以下式的路线合成本实施例中的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料:
将咔唑(0.17g,0.10mmol)和氢化钠(0.01g,0.42mmol)溶解于5mL DMF溶剂中室温搅拌2小时,随后将施例8制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料(0.60g,0.07mmol)溶解于15mLDMF溶剂中加入反应液,110℃下加热搅拌24小时,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,二氯甲烷和水萃取,柱层析纯化,得到具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料(产率67%)。
元素分析理论值C69H42N2O5S(%):C 81.96,H 4.19,N 2.77,O 7.91,S 3.17;发现值:C 81.98,H 4.20,N 2.78,O 7.90,S 3.14。
实施例10
本实施例中,所述的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料的合成路线如下所示:
将化合物A(0.30g,0.50mmol)、2-溴-7-(9H-咔唑-9-基)-9H-硫杂蒽-9-酮(0.27g,0.59mmol)、四(三苯基膦)钯(0.03g,0.03mmol)和碳酸钾(0.14g,1.01mmol)溶解于30mL甲苯溶剂中,随后加入15mL乙醇与8mL水,加热回流72小时,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,二氯甲烷和水萃取,柱层析纯化,得到具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料(产率77%)。制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料在甲苯溶液中的荧光光谱如图6所示。
元素分析理论值C56H34FNO3S2(%):C 78.94,H 4.02,N 1.64,O 5.63,S 7.53;发现值:C 78.96,H 4.04,N 1.65,O 5.65,S 7.49。
实施例11
利用实施例10制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料,继续以下式的路线合成本实施例中的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料:
将吩噻嗪(0.11g,0.55mmol)和氢化钠(0.03g,1.25mmol)溶解于5mLDMF溶剂中室温搅拌2小时,随后将实施例10制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料(0.30g,0.35mmol)溶解于20mLDMF溶剂中加入反应液,110℃下加热搅拌24小时,减压蒸馏,二氯甲烷和水萃取,柱层析纯化,得到具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料(产率50%)。制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料在甲苯溶液中的荧光光谱如图7所示。
元素分析理论值C68H42N2O3S2(%):C 81.74,H 4.24,N 2.80,O 4.80,S 6.42;发现值:C 81.73,H 4.25,N 2.81,O 4.82,S 6.39。
实施例12
本实施例中,所述的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料的合成路线如下所示:
将化合物A(0.30g,0.50mmol)、10,10'-((6-溴喹啉-2,3-二基)双(4,1-亚苯基))双(10H-吩噻嗪)(0.45g,0.60mmol)、四(三苯基膦)钯(0.03g,0.03mmol)和碳酸钾(0.14g,1.01mmol)溶解于30mL甲苯溶剂中,随后加入15mL乙醇与8mL水,加热回流72小时,减压蒸馏,二氯甲烷和水萃取,柱层析纯化,得到具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料(产率95%)。制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料在甲苯溶液中的荧光光谱如图8所示。
元素分析理论值C75H47FN4O2S3(%):C 78.24,H 4.11,N 4.87,O 2.78,S 8.35;发现值:C 78.23,H 4.10,N 4.88,O 2.77,S 8.36。
实施例13
利用实施例12制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料,继续以下式的路线合成本实施例中的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料:
将咔唑(0.03g,0.20mmol)和氢化钠(0.01g,0.42mmol)溶解于5mL DMF溶剂中室温搅拌2小时,随后将实施例12制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料(0.20g,0.17mmol)溶解于15mL DMF溶剂中,110℃下加热搅拌24小时,减压蒸馏,二氯甲烷和水萃取,柱层析纯化,得到具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料(产率67%)。制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料在甲苯溶液中的荧光光谱如图9所示。
元素分析理论值C87H55N5O2S3(%):C 80.47,H 4.27,N 5.39,O 2.46,S 7.41;发现值:C 80.49,H 4.25,N 5.38,O 2.44,S 7.44。
实施例14
利用实施例12制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料,继续以下式的路线合成本实施例中的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料:
将吩噻嗪(0.08g,0.40mmol)和氢化钠(0.02g,0.83mmol)溶解于5mL DMF溶剂中室温搅拌2小时,随后将实施例12制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料(0.40g,0.35mmol)溶解于15mL DMF溶剂中,110℃下加热搅拌24小时,减压蒸馏,二氯甲烷和水萃取,柱层析纯化,得到具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料(产率59%)。制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料在甲苯溶液中的荧光光谱如图10所示。
元素分析理论值C87H55N5O2S4(%):C 78.53,H 4.17,N 5.26,O 2.40,S 9.64;发现值:C 78.55,H 4.16,N 5.26,O 2.41,S 9.62。
应用例1
利用所述的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料制得的有机电致发光器件结构为:ITO/MoO3(8nm)/TAPC(50nm)/mcP:2%Emitters(本发明化合物)/TmPyPB(40nm)/LiF(1nm)/Al(100nm)。
如图13所示,所述的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料制得的有机电致发光器件,包括导电玻璃衬底1,空穴注入层2(三氧化钼MoO3),空穴传输层3(4,4'-环己基二[N,N-二(4-甲基苯基)苯胺]TAPC),有机发光层4(mCP主体材料和本发明制得的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料),电子传输层5(3,3'-[5'-[3-(3-吡啶基)苯基][1,1':3',1”-三联苯]-3,3”-二基]二吡啶TmPyPB),电子注入层6(氟化锂LiF),7为阴极层(铝Al)。
器件制备过程如下:电致发光器件按本领域已知方法制作,如按参考文献(Adv.Mater.2004,16,537.)公开的方法制作;具体方法为:在高真空条件下,在经过清洗的导电玻璃(ITO)衬底上依次蒸镀8nm的MoO3,50nm的TAPC,20nm的发光层,40nm的TmPyPB,1nm的LiF和100nm的Al。
器件性能测试数据见下表:
表1采用优选实施例化合物制得的器件性能测试数据
由上表可知,应用本发明化合物的器件最大电流效率可达24.5cd/A,启动电压最低仅为3.2V,效率衰减性能好,量子效率均高于应用传统荧光材料的器件。
应用例2
利用实施例5所述的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料应用于压致变色:本实施例特殊的发光行为可以通过各向同性静水压测量进行深入分析。利用各向同性静水压力通过金刚石对顶压砧(DAC)直接施加到实施例晶体上。显示的压致变色行为如附图14所示,在1个标准大气压和0.25GPa下都呈蓝色,在1.54GPa下呈绿色。
以上所述的实施例对本发明的技术方案进行了详细说明,应理解的是以上所述的仅为本发明的具体实施例,并不用于限制本发明,凡在本发明的原则范围内所做的任何修改、补充或类似方式替代等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.一种具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料,其特征在于,所述有机发光材料的结构如式(1)、(2)、(3)、(4)、(5)所示:
其中:X为卤素;R1选自 中的一种。
2.一种制备如权利要求1所述的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括如下步骤:
将化合物A、化合物B、碱和钯催化剂以摩尔比1:1.1~1.5:1.8~3.0:0.02~0.10的比例一同加入甲苯、乙醇和水的混合溶剂中,回流搅拌36~72小时,分离纯化后得到所述具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料;
所述化合物A为其中,X为卤素;
所述化合物B选自 中的一种,
其中,X为卤素,R1选自 中的一种。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述的碱为碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸铯或氢化钠中的一种;所述的钯催化剂为四(三苯基膦)钯。
4.一种具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料,其特征在于,所述有机发光材料的结构如式Ⅰ、Ⅱ、ⅡI、IV、V所示:
其中,R1选自 或卤素原子中的一种;R2选自 中的一种。
5.一种制备如权利要求4所述的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括如下步骤:
步骤(1)、将化合物A、化合物B、碱和钯催化剂以摩尔比1:1.1~1.5:1.8~3.0:0.02~0.10的比例一同加入甲苯、乙醇和水的混合溶剂中,回流搅拌36~72小时,分离纯化后得到中间体;
所述化合物A为其中,X为卤素;
所述化合物B为 中的一种,
其中,X为卤素,R1选自 或卤素原子中的一种;
所述的中间体的结构如下所示:
其中,X为卤素,R1选自 或卤素原子中的一种;
步骤(2)、将中间体、化合物C和碱以摩尔比1:1.1~2.0:3.0~10.0的比例一同加入有机溶剂中,110℃下反应12~36小时,分离纯化得到所述一种具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料;
所述的化合物C为 中的一种。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,所述的碱为碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸铯或氢化钠中的一种;所述的钯催化剂为四(三苯基膦)钯;所述的有机溶剂为二甲基甲酰胺DMF。
7.如权利要求1或4所述的一种具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料在有机电致发光器件领域的应用。
8.一种有机电致发光器件,包括玻璃、导电玻璃衬底层、空穴注入层、空穴传输层、有机发光层、电子传输层、电子注入层、阴极层,其特征在于,有机发光层含有权利要求1或4所述的具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料。
9.如权利要求1或4所述的一种具有双荧光发射特征的有机发光材料在压力传感领域的应用。
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