CN115594497A - 一种具有尖晶石结构的高熵陶瓷及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种具有尖晶石结构的高熵陶瓷及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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CN115594497A
CN115594497A CN202211352424.5A CN202211352424A CN115594497A CN 115594497 A CN115594497 A CN 115594497A CN 202211352424 A CN202211352424 A CN 202211352424A CN 115594497 A CN115594497 A CN 115594497A
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杨玉杰
陈丛亮
陈冬阳
张英明
孟雨亭
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Abstract

本发明提供一种具有尖晶石结构的高熵陶瓷及其制备方法和应用,涉及陶瓷材料技术领域。所述具有尖晶石结构的高熵陶瓷的化学通式为:(M)(1‑x)/4ZnxFe2O4,其中M为四种摩尔比为1:1:1:1的金属元素,且M所含四种离子和Zn2+的化学计量数之和为1,所述尖晶石结构的高熵陶瓷主要采用原料球磨、预烧、混压后二次烧结处理,本发明克服了现有技术的不足,所获的材料可以应用于材料的磁性能调控,该方法为固相法,成本较低、操作简单、易于大批量工业化生产、制备周期短。

Description

一种具有尖晶石结构的高熵陶瓷及其制备方法和应用
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷材料技术领域,具体涉及一种具有尖晶石结构的高熵陶瓷及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
2004年以来,高熵合金迅速发展。熵稳定材料的概念引起了人们极大的研究兴趣。自2015年高熵陶瓷被提出后许多高熵陶瓷的结构已被报道陆续发现,如:岩盐,钙钛矿,立方石,萤石,尖晶石,磁铅石,金红石等结构。
高熵陶瓷的概念是基于将五个或更多的金属阳离子组合成一种新材料。丰富的元素构成为调整材质性能提供了更多的可能性。高熵陶瓷的高熵效应使得该材料在很多领域中成为研究热点,例如:介电性能、储能性能、热导率、磁性性能、光学性能、催化等。
高熵陶瓷具有结构方面的晶格畸变效应、热力学方面的高熵效应、动力学方面的迟滞扩散效应以及性能方面的鸡尾酒效应。丰富的元素种类和结构多样性,决定了高熵陶瓷将成为定制材料的结构和性能领域的关键。
由于高熵陶瓷优异的性能和多样化的结构,使高熵陶瓷成为研究热点。同时高熵材料的设计思路也成为精准定制材料性能的一种可能。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种具有尖晶石结构的高熵陶瓷及其制备方法,该材料可以应用于材料的磁性能调控,该方法为固相法,成本较低、操作简单、易于大批量工业化生产、制备周期短。
为实现以上目的,本发明的技术方案通过以下技术方案予以实现:
一种具有尖晶石结构的高熵陶瓷,所述高熵陶瓷的化学通式为:(M)(1-x)/ 4ZnxFe2O4,其中M为四种摩尔比为1:1:1:1的金属元素。
优选的,所述M所含四种离子和Zn2+的化学计量数之和为1。
具有尖晶石结构的高熵陶瓷的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)原料预处理:将干燥后的原料按化学配方的比例进行称重,将称取的原料粉末和蒸馏水混合后放入球磨机中进行球磨处理,获得球磨后的混合粉料备用;
(2)预烧处理:将上述混合粉料烧结后于研钵中破碎后获得预制粉料备用;
(3)压制烧结:将上述预制粉料加入粘结剂和脱模剂混合压制成坯,并将坯体二次烧结,得到具有尖晶石结构的高熵陶瓷。
优选的,所述步骤(1)中球磨的方式为以150-250r/min的转速球磨3-6h。
优选的,所述步骤(2)中预烧的温度为800-1350℃,预烧的时间为1-5h。
优选的,所述步骤(3)中二次烧结的温度为900-1350℃,烧结时间为7-15h。
优选的,所述步骤(2)和步骤(3)中的烧结方式均为多段烧结,且每分钟升温速度为3℃-5℃。
优选的,所述步骤(3)中使用的粘结剂为PVA,脱模剂为硬脂酸锌
优选的,具有尖晶石结构的高熵陶瓷材料可以通过调整锌离子的含量调节材料磁学性能。
本发明提供一种具有尖晶石结构的高熵陶瓷及其制备方法和应用,与现有技术相比优点在于:本发明通过四种金属元素和Zn组合,通过调节Zn的含量能够有效调整材料的磁学性能,同时整个制备过程中采用固相法进行加工,整体生产成本较低,且易于大批量的生产,制备周期短,生产的经济效益高。
附图说明:
图1为本发明实施例1(a)、实施例2(b)、实施例3(c)、实施例4(d)中合成的高熵陶瓷粉体的XRD图;
图2为本发明实施例1-4中合成的高熵陶瓷粉体的晶格参数变化图;
图3a为本发明实施例1中合成高熵陶瓷的SEM图,图3b为本发明实施例1中合成高熵陶瓷的粒径分布图;
图4为本发明实施例1中合成高熵陶瓷粉体的M-H图;
图5a为本发明实施例2中合成高熵陶瓷的SEM图,图5b为本发明实施例2中合成高熵陶瓷的粒径分布图;
图6为本发明实施例2中合成高熵陶瓷粉体的M-H图;
图7a为本发明实施例3中合成高熵陶瓷的SEM图,图7b为本发明实施例3中合成高熵陶瓷的粒径分布图;
图8为本发明实施例3中合成高熵陶瓷粉体的M-H图;
图9a为本发明实施例4中合成高熵陶瓷的SEM图,图9b为本发明实施例4中合成高熵陶瓷的粒径分布图;
图10为本发明实施例4中合成高熵陶瓷粉体的M-H图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面结合本发明实施例对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1:
制备化学式为(Mg0.2Ni0.2Co0.2Cu0.2)Zn0.2Fe2O4的高熵陶瓷:
(1)按照(Mg0.2Ni0.2Co0.2Cu0.2)Zn0.2Fe2O4的化学式比例,称取等金属摩尔比的MgO、NiO、Co3O4、CuO、ZnO粉末,同时按照比例称取Fe2O3粉末,获得混合粉末;
(2)将上述混合粉末放入盛有100ml蒸馏水的球磨罐中,加入钢球进行球磨,设置球磨罐转速为200r/min,球磨6h后取出,将充分混合后的浆料置入烘箱内烘干获得球磨原料;
(3)将上述球磨原料置入马弗炉,设置升温速度为4℃/分钟,将球磨原料加热至900℃并保温1h,然后将预烧后的样品在研钵中破碎后获得预制粉料;
(4)在预制粉料中加入PVA和硬脂酸锌,将其充分混合后压制成磁环;将小磁环在1200℃下烧结10小时,获得具有尖晶石材料的高熵陶瓷磁环。
实施例2:
制备化学式为(Mg0.15Ni0.15Co0.15Cu0.15)Zn0.4Fe2O4的高熵陶瓷:
(1)按照(Mg0.15Ni0.15Co0.15Cu0.15)Zn0.4Fe2O4的化学式比例,称取等金属摩尔比的MgO、NiO、Co3O4、CuO粉末,同时按照比例称取Fe2O3和ZnO粉末,获得混合粉末;
(2)将上述混合粉末放入盛有100ml蒸馏水的球磨罐中,加入钢球进行球磨,设置球磨罐转速为200r/min,球磨6小时后取出,将充分混合后的浆料置入烘箱内烘干获得球磨原料;
(3)将上述球磨原料置入马弗炉,设置升温速度为4℃/分钟,将球磨原料加热至900℃并保温1h,然后将预烧后的样品在研钵中破碎后获得预制粉料;
(4)在预制粉料中加入PVA和硬脂酸锌,将其充分混合后压制成磁环;将小磁环在1200℃下烧结10小时,获得具有尖晶石材料的高熵陶瓷磁环。
实施例3:
制备化学式为(Mg0.1Ni0.1Co0.1Cu0.1)Zn0.6Fe2O4的高熵陶瓷:
(1)按照(Mg0.1Ni0.1Co0.1Cu0.1)Zn0.6Fe2O4的化学式比例,称取等金属摩尔比的MgO、NiO、Co3O4、CuO粉末,同时按照比例称取Fe2O3粉末,获得混合粉末;
(2)将上述混合粉末放入盛有100ml蒸馏水的球磨罐中,加入钢球进行球磨,设置球磨罐转速为200r/min,球磨6小时后取出,将充分混合后的浆料置入烘箱内烘干获得球磨原料;
(3)将上述球磨原料置入马弗炉,设置升温速度为4℃/分钟,将球磨原料加热至900℃并保温1h,然后将预烧后的样品在研钵中破碎后获得预制粉料;
(4)在预制粉料中加入PVA和硬脂酸锌,将其充分混合后压制成磁环;将小磁环在1200℃下烧结10小时,获得具有尖晶石材料的高熵陶瓷磁环。
实施例4:
制备化学式为(Mg0.05Ni0.05Co0.05Cu0.05)Zn0.8Fe2O4的高熵陶瓷:
(1)按照(Mg0.05Ni0.05Co0.05Cu0.05)Zn0.8Fe2O4的化学式比例,称取等金属摩尔比的MgO、NiO、Co3O4、CuO粉末,同时按照比例称取Fe2O3粉末,获得混合粉末;
(2)将上述混合粉末放入盛有100ml蒸馏水的球磨罐中,加入钢球进行球磨,设置球磨罐转速为200r/min,球磨6小时后取出,将充分混合后的浆料置入烘箱内烘干获得球磨原料;
(3)将上述球磨原料置入马弗炉,设置升温速度为4℃/分钟,将球磨原料加热至900℃并保温1h,然后将预烧后的样品在研钵中破碎后获得预制粉料;
(4)在预制粉料中加入PVA和硬脂酸锌,将其充分混合后压制成磁环;将小磁环在1200℃下烧结10小时,获得具有尖晶石材料的高熵陶瓷磁环。
检测:
对上述实施例1-4所制得的高熵陶瓷样品进行检测:
1、通过XRD确定制备的材料具有空间群为Fd-3m的尖晶石结构,如图1所示,且各组晶格参数变化趋势如图2所示;
各组高熵陶瓷样品精修得出的晶格参数如下表1所示:
表1
Figure BDA0003919409960000061
2、采用SEM观察样品颗粒的形貌,其中图3(a)为实施例1得到的高熵陶瓷样品的SEM图,样品粉末多为球形;图3(b)为实施例1得到的高熵陶瓷样品的晶粒尺寸分布情况;图5(a)为实施例2得到的高熵陶瓷样品的SEM图,样品粉末多为球形;图5(b)为实施例2得到的高熵陶瓷样品的晶粒尺寸分布情况;图7(a)为实施例3得到的高熵陶瓷样品的SEM图,样品粉末多为球形;图7(b)为实施例3得到的高熵陶瓷样品的晶粒尺寸分布情况;图9(a)为实施例4得到的高熵陶瓷样品的SEM图,样品粉末多为球形;图9(b)为实施例4得到的高熵陶瓷样品的晶粒尺寸分布情况;且实施例1-4中各组样品的平均晶粒尺寸结果如下表2所示:
表2
组别 实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 实施例4
平均晶粒尺寸 1.98μm 1.68μm 1.44μm 1.22μm
3、采用振动样品磁强计和B-H分析仪测量样品的磁性能,具体结果如下表3所示:
表3
组别 实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 实施例4
矫顽力 43Oe 22Oe 13Oe 12Oe
剩余磁化强度 3.45emu/g 1.89emu/g 1.22emu/g 0.22emu/g
饱和磁化强度 68.55emu/g 72.78emu/g 53.66emu/g -
初始磁导率 8.40 35.97 199.55 1.63
需要说明的是,在本文中,诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来,而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且,术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含,从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素,而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素,或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下,由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素,并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种具有尖晶石结构的高熵陶瓷,其特征在于,所述高熵陶瓷的化学通式为:(M)(1-x)/4ZnxFe2O4,其中M为四种摩尔比为1:1:1:1的金属元素。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有尖晶石结构的高熵陶瓷,其特征在于:所述M所含四种离子和Zn2+的化学计量数之和为1。
3.一种如权利要求1或2所述的具有尖晶石结构的高熵陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,所述高熵陶瓷的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)原料预处理:将干燥后的原料按化学配方的比例进行称重,将称取的原料粉末和蒸馏水混合后放入球磨机中进行球磨处理,获得球磨后的混合粉料备用;
(2)预烧处理:将上述混合粉料烧结后于研钵中破碎后获得预制粉料备用;
(3)压制烧结:将上述预制粉料加入粘结剂和脱模剂混合压制成坯,并将坯体二次烧结,得到具有尖晶石结构的高熵陶瓷。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种具有尖晶石结构的高熵陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)中球磨的方式为以150-250r/min的转速球磨3-6h。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种具有尖晶石结构的高熵陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(2)中预烧的温度为800-1350℃,预烧的时间为1-5h。
6.根据权利要求3所述的一种具有尖晶石结构的高熵陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)中二次烧结的温度为900-1350℃,烧结时间为7-15h。
7.根据权利要求3所述的一种具有尖晶石结构的高熵陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(2)和步骤(3)中的烧结方式均为多段烧结,且每分钟升温速度为3℃-5℃。
8.根据权利要求3所述的一种具有尖晶石结构的高熵陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)中使用的粘结剂为PVA,脱模剂为硬脂酸锌。
9.一种如权利要求1或2所述的具有尖晶石结构的高熵陶瓷在磁性能调控方面的应用,其特征在于:所述高熵陶瓷材料通过调整锌离子的含量调节材料磁学性能。
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