CN115573179B - 提高纳米银/聚吡咯导电印墨在棉织物上附着性的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种提高纳米银/聚吡咯导电印墨在棉织物上附着性的方法，属于纺织印染技术领域。本发明包括以下工艺：（1）配制含有硝酸银、十二烷基硫酸钠和DNS‑86的水溶液，三者的摩尔比为1:0.8:0.1，超声处理5min后加入吡咯单体，其与硝酸银的摩尔比为1:1，在室温下避光9h完成反应，然后将所得纳米银/聚吡咯复合物过滤、洗涤、干燥；（2）将上述所得纳米银/聚吡咯和去离子水混合并超声分散20min，然后加入聚氨酯丙烯酸酯树脂、羧甲基纤维素钠、光引发剂，各物质在体系中的质量百分浓度分别为15%、5%、1.5%和0.4%，搅拌10min得到导电印墨；（3）采用丝网印制方法将导电印墨施加至纯棉织物上，随后在紫外灯下固化20s，最后将织物彻底烘干。经测试，本发明技术所得织物经历外部刺激后的电阻明显低于对比例，表明本发明技术可使导电印墨在织物上的附着能力获得显著提高。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种提高纳米银/聚吡咯导电印墨在棉织物上附着性的方法，属于纺织印染技术领域。
背景技术
电子智能纺织品的构成主要包括纺织品、电子元器件、导电线路和电源等部分。纺织品通常是绝缘体，自身无法实现电子元器件互连，因此在构建电子智能纺织品时需增强其导电性。
用丝网印制等方法将导电印墨施加至纺织品表面是增强其导电性的有效方法。通常，在导电印墨里会添加一定量粘合剂，在印制完成后起到将导电材料固着在纺织品表面的作用，使其具备一定附着性能，以更好的满足需求。可用的粘合剂种类很多，因具有固化速度快、节约能源、环境友好等优点，紫外光（UV）固化粘合剂的使用越来越受到关注。
UV固化粘合剂的主要成分为树脂单体及预聚体，含有活性官能团如不饱和双键或环氧基等，能在紫外光照射下由光敏剂引发聚合反应，生成不溶于水的涂膜。常见的UV粘合剂有环氧丙烯酸酯、聚氨酯丙烯酸酯、聚酯丙烯酸酯、聚醚丙烯酸酯等。其中，应用较多的是聚氨酯丙烯酸酯（PUA），其分子中含有丙烯酸官能团和氨基甲酸酯键，固化后具有高耐磨性、柔韧性以及优良的耐光和耐候性。
发明内容
本发明在导电材料纳米银/聚吡咯的制备过程中引入烯丙氧基壬基酚聚氧乙烯(10)醚硫酸铵（DNS-86），然后与PUA树脂共同配制成导电印墨并印制到棉织物上，能够增强纳米银/聚吡咯在棉织物上的附着性。
发明包括以下工艺：
（1）配制含有硝酸银、十二烷基硫酸钠和DNS-86的水溶液，三者的摩尔比为1:0.8:0.1，超声处理5min后加入吡咯单体，其与硝酸银的摩尔比为1:1，在室温下避光9h完成反应，然后将所得纳米银/聚吡咯复合物过滤、洗涤、干燥；
（2）将上述所得纳米银/聚吡咯和去离子水混合并超声分散20min，然后加入聚氨酯丙烯酸酯树脂、羧甲基纤维素钠、光引发剂，各物质在体系中的质量百分浓度分别为15%、5%、1.5%和0.4%，搅拌10min得到导电印墨；
（3）采用丝网印制方法将导电印墨施加至纯棉织物上，随后在紫外灯下固化20s，最后将织物彻底烘干。
首先，在溶液中制备导电材料纳米银/聚吡咯复合物，硝酸银和吡咯单体能够发生氧化还原反应，分别生成聚吡咯和银颗粒。十二烷基硫酸钠是一种常规的阴离子表面活性剂，起到一定分散和掺杂作用，可提升纳米银/聚吡咯的导电和稳定性能。加入的DNS-86是一种可聚合的物质，在自由基聚合过程中可参与共聚。因此，当DNS-86吸附至纳米银/聚吡咯表面后，不仅可增强其表面电荷密度，使其更为稳定的分散在溶液中，而且将使纳米银/聚吡咯具备参与聚合反应的能力。随后，利用制备出的纳米银/聚吡咯与其它助剂共同配制导电印墨，其中聚氨酯丙烯酸酯是常规的UV固化树脂，羧甲基纤维素钠起到增稠的作用，可使印制涂层更为精细，光引发剂则起到引发后续自由基聚合的作用。最后，采用丝网印制方法将导电印墨施加至纯棉织物上，并在紫外灯下进行20s固化，在此过程中通过光引发剂引发聚氨酯丙烯酸酯树脂的成膜反应，将纳米银/聚吡咯固着在织物表面，由于吸附有DNS-86的纳米银/聚吡咯也可参与成膜反应，将使其更为牢固的固着，耐水洗、耐弯折等附着性能获得改善。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例进一步说明本发明。
实施例1
（1）配制含有硝酸银、十二烷基硫酸钠和DNS-86的水溶液，三者的摩尔比为1:0.8:0.1，超声处理5min后加入吡咯单体，其与硝酸银的摩尔比为1:1，在室温下避光9h完成反应，然后将所得纳米银/聚吡咯复合物过滤、洗涤、干燥；
（2）将上述所得纳米银/聚吡咯和去离子水混合并超声分散20min，然后加入聚氨酯丙烯酸酯树脂、羧甲基纤维素钠、光引发剂，各物质在体系中的质量百分浓度分别为15%、5%、1.5%和0.4%，搅拌10min得到导电印墨；
（3）采用丝网印制方法将导电印墨施加至纯棉织物上，随后在紫外灯下固化20s，最后将织物彻底烘干。
对比例1
（1）配制与实施例1相同的含有硝酸银、十二烷基硫酸钠水溶液，二者的摩尔比为1:0.8，超声处理5min后加入吡咯单体，其与硝酸银的摩尔比为1:1，在室温下避光9h完成反应，然后将所得纳米银/聚吡咯复合物过滤、洗涤、干燥；
（2）将上述所得纳米银/聚吡咯和去离子水混合并超声分散20min，然后加入与实施例1相同的聚氨酯丙烯酸酯树脂、羧甲基纤维素钠、光引发剂，各物质在体系中的质量百分浓度分别为15%、5%、1.5%和0.4%，搅拌10min得到导电印墨；
（3）采用与实施例1相同的丝网印制方法将导电印墨施加至纯棉织物上，随后在紫外灯下固化20s，最后将织物彻底烘干。
将实施例1与对比例1所得导电织物在去离子水中浸渍40h，测定其电阻分别为18.2和86.5 kΩ；将实施例1与对比例1所得导电织物在0.1%NaOH溶液中浸渍40h，测定其电阻分别为 1.34×104 和1.93×107 kΩ; 将实施例1与对比例1所得导电织物在海水中浸渍40h，测定其电阻分别为402和2730 kΩ; 将实施例1与对比例1所得导电织物反复弯折500次，测定其电阻分别为3.48 和4.12 kΩ。可以看出，实施例所得织物经历外部环境刺激后的电阻明显低于对比例，表明本发明技术可使导电印墨在织物上的附着能力获得显著提高。
Claims (1)
1.提高纳米银/聚吡咯导电印墨在棉织物上附着性的方法，其特征在于采用以下工艺：
（1）配制含有硝酸银、十二烷基硫酸钠和DNS-86的水溶液，三者的摩尔比为1:0.8:0.1，超声处理5min后加入吡咯单体，其与硝酸银的摩尔比为1:1，在室温下避光9h完成反应，然后将所得纳米银/聚吡咯复合物过滤、洗涤、干燥；
（2）将上述所得纳米银/聚吡咯和去离子水混合并超声分散20min，然后加入聚氨酯丙烯酸酯树脂、羧甲基纤维素钠、光引发剂，各物质在体系中的质量百分浓度分别为15%、5%、1.5%和0.4%，搅拌10min得到导电印墨；
（3）采用丝网印制方法将导电印墨施加至纯棉织物上，随后在紫外灯下固化20s，最后将织物彻底烘干。
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