CN115572870A - Enhanced 606X-series aluminum alloy, preparation method thereof and section processing method - Google Patents
Enhanced 606X-series aluminum alloy, preparation method thereof and section processing method Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical group [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- ZGUQGPFMMTZGBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Al].[Al].[Zr] Chemical compound [Al].[Al].[Zr] ZGUQGPFMMTZGBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- HIPVTVNIGFETDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum cerium Chemical compound [Al].[Ce] HIPVTVNIGFETDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- RFEISCHXNDRNLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum yttrium Chemical compound [Al].[Y] RFEISCHXNDRNLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 silicon-magnesium-aluminum Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001094 6061 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000553 6063 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/05—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys of the Al-Si-Mg type, i.e. containing silicon and magnesium in approximately equal proportions
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an enhanced 606X series aluminum alloy and a preparation and section processing method thereof, relating to the technical field of aluminum alloy material preparation and processing; the composition comprises the following components in percentage by weight: si:0.55 to 0.60, mg:0.60-0.65, ce:0.10-0.15, Y:0.10 to 0.15, zr:0.10-0.15, fe is less than or equal to 0.25, cu is less than or equal to 0.03, mn is less than or equal to 0.03, zn is less than or equal to 0.07, ti is less than or equal to 0.03, and the balance is aluminum and a small amount of unavoidable impurities; the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing materials; (2) alloy smelting: the method comprises the steps of smelting double alloys; smelting the composite alloy; performing modification and smelting; fourthly, performing intensified smelting; (3) casting; the steel wire rope has the characteristics of good strength, toughness, straightness, wear resistance, cost performance and the like, and can be widely applied to the fields of lifting ladders, climbing ladders, furniture, frames, engineering machinery and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation and processing of aluminum alloy materials, in particular to an enhanced 606X-series aluminum alloy and a preparation method and a profile processing method thereof.
Background
Along with the rapid development of the current industry, the demand of industrial aluminum profiles is more and more large, the aluminum alloy is the sum of the alloys taking aluminum as a matrix, main alloy elements comprise copper, silicon, magnesium, zinc and manganese, secondary elements comprise nickel, iron, titanium, lithium and the like, the aluminum alloy has the advantages of low density, high specific strength, good toughness, corrosion resistance and the like, and the aluminum alloy has quite wide application, and particularly, the 6XXX series aluminum alloy as a structural member is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, automobiles, high-speed rails, buildings, engineering machinery, furniture and the like. However, the 6XXX series has defects in some fields due to different alloy components, different heat treatment states, different cold plastic deformation and the like, and people are required to continuously search and improve the defects. For example, the aluminum alloy 6063 (T5/T6) has the tensile strength of 160/205MPa, the specified non-proportional tensile strength of 110/180MPa, the elongation percentage after fracture of 8/8 percent and the Vickers hardness of 8HW, has low sensitivity to quenching cooling speed, has self-quenching performance, namely, the aluminum alloy 6063 can be quenched by air cooling, and after the aluminum alloy 6063 product flows out of an extrusion die hole, the cooling speed is not large, the heating is uniform, the material cannot be bent, the surface is smooth and easy to oxidize, but the strength is relatively weak; for example, aluminum alloy 6061 (T4/T6) has tensile strength of 180/260MPa and elongation after fracture of 14/9%, and can be quenched only at a high cooling speed (such as water mist and water cooling), and after the product flows out of an extrusion die hole, the cooling speed is high, the shrinkage at each part is unbalanced, bending is caused, the surface is rough, the oxidation effect is poor, but the strength is good. Therefore, the conventional 6XXX series aluminum alloy materials have the following three cases: firstly, the alloy has strength, but the toughness and the verticality are relatively poor; secondly, the aluminum alloy has high strength, toughness and verticality, but the manufacturing cost is high; thirdly, the alloy has verticality toughness but poor strength.
The Chinese patent (patent application number is 2017101192939) discloses a 6-series aluminum alloy material and a preparation method thereof, and the 6-series aluminum alloy material consists of the following element components in percentage by mass: 0.56-0.72% of Si, 0.74-0.8% of Mg, less than or equal to 0.16% of Fe, less than or equal to 0.10% of Cu, less than or equal to 0.10% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.05% of Zn, less than or equal to 0.10% of Ti, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurity elements. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the composite material, which comprises the following steps: charging, smelting, component adjustment, refining, standing and temperature adjustment, grain refinement and casting. The 6-series aluminum alloy prepared by the invention has high strength, excellent high thermal conductivity, tensile strength of 260MPa, elongation at break of 14%, vickers hardness of 15.5 degrees, thermal conductivity of 240W/m.K, and excellent anodic oxidation capacity, expands the application field, and can be used for miniaturization of heat dissipation devices.
Another chinese patent (patent application No. 201910099581.1) discloses "a high-plasticity strong compression-resistant aluminum profile and a preparation process thereof", wherein the high-plasticity strong compression-resistant aluminum profile comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.4 to 0.8 percent of silicon, 0.4 to 0.6 percent of iron, 0.05 to 0.15 percent of lanthanum, 0.05 to 0.15 percent of neodymium, 0.35 to 0.8 percent of magnesium, 0.02 to 0.04 percent of manganese, 0.04 to 0.08 percent of zinc and the balance of aluminum. The high-plasticity high-pressure-resistance aluminum profile prepared by the invention has excellent plasticity, pressure resistance and tensile strength due to the addition of lanthanum and neodymium and the cooperation of iron, magnesium, manganese and zinc. Wherein, the tensile strength can reach more than 240MPa and the yield strength can reach more than 220 MPa. The preparation process of the high-plasticity strong-compression-resistance aluminum profile has the advantages of simple method and low production cost, and can be suitable for large-scale production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an aluminum alloy which has better strength, toughness, straightness, wear resistance and cost performance compared with 6061 and 6063 aluminum alloys, and providing a preparation method and a processing method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is to invent an enhanced 606X series aluminum alloy which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: si:0.55 to 0.60, mg:0.60-0.65, ce:0.10-0.15, Y:0.10 to 0.15, zr:0.10-0.15, fe is less than or equal to 0.25, cu is less than or equal to 0.03, mn is less than or equal to 0.03, zn is less than or equal to 0.07, ti is less than or equal to 0.03, the balance is aluminum and a small amount of unavoidable impurities, the total amount of the small amount of the unavoidable impurities is less than or equal to 0.05, and the content of a single component in the small amount of the unavoidable impurities is less than or equal to 0.01.
The technical scheme of the optimization is as follows: comprises the following components in percentage by weight: si:0.55, mg:0.65, ce:0.15, Y:0.10, zr:0.15, fe < 0.25, cu < 0.03, mn < 0.03, zn < 0.07, ti < 0.03, the balance being aluminum and small amounts of unavoidable impurities, the total amount of which is < 0.05 and the content of single components therein is < 0.01.
The second optimized technical scheme is as follows: comprises the following components in percentage by weight: si:0.60, mg:0.60, ce:0.10, Y:0.15, zr:0.10, fe is less than or equal to 0.25, cu is less than or equal to 0.03, mn is less than or equal to 0.03, zn is less than or equal to 0.07, ti is less than or equal to 0.03, the balance is aluminum and a small amount of unavoidable impurities, the total amount of the small amount of the unavoidable impurities is less than or equal to 0.05, and the content of a single component in the aluminum is less than or equal to 0.01.
The third optimized technical scheme is as follows: comprises the following components in percentage by weight: si:0.58, mg:0.62, ce:0.12, Y:0.12, zr:0.12, fe < 0.25, cu < 0.03, mn < 0.03, zn < 0.07, ti < 0.03, the balance being aluminum and small amounts of unavoidable impurities, the total amount of which is < 0.05 and the content of single components therein is < 0.01.
Meanwhile, the preparation method of the enhanced 606X series aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing materials: respectively weighing a pure aluminum ingot, a pure magnesium ingot, an aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy, an aluminum-cerium intermediate alloy, an aluminum-yttrium intermediate alloy and an aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy according to the weight percentage of the content of each element in the enhanced 606X series aluminum alloy for later use;
the pure aluminum ingot is an aluminum ingot for remelting in national standard GB/T1196-2017;
the pure magnesium ingot adopts a primary magnesium ingot of national standard GB/T3499-2011;
the aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy, the aluminum-cerium intermediate alloy, the aluminum-yttrium intermediate alloy and the aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy all adopt aluminum intermediate alloys meeting the national standard GB/T27677-2017;
fe, cu, mn, zn, ti and a small amount of inevitable impurities contained in the aluminum alloy are carried in a pure aluminum ingot, a pure magnesium ingot, an aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy, an aluminum-cerium intermediate alloy, an aluminum-yttrium intermediate alloy and an aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy;
(2) And alloy smelting:
the method comprises the following steps of double-alloy smelting: melting a pure aluminum ingot at 730-780 ℃, adding an aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy for double-alloy melting, controlling the melting temperature at 750-800 ℃, and performing degassing and deslagging treatment after uniform melting to obtain a silicon-aluminum alloy melt;
secondly, smelting the composite alloy: adding a pure magnesium ingot into the silicon-aluminum alloy melt to perform composite alloy smelting, controlling the smelting temperature to be 720-750 ℃, and performing deslagging treatment after uniform smelting to obtain the silicon-magnesium-aluminum alloy melt;
and step three, modification smelting: adding the aluminum-cerium intermediate alloy and the aluminum-yttrium intermediate alloy into the silicon-magnesium-aluminum alloy melt for modification smelting, controlling the smelting temperature to be 750-780 ℃, performing slag removal treatment after uniform smelting, and standing for 15-20min to obtain modified aluminum alloy melt;
fourthly, reinforced smelting: adding the aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy into the modified aluminum alloy melt for strengthening smelting, controlling the smelting temperature to be 750-770 ℃, performing slag removal treatment after uniform smelting, standing for 15-20min, and obtaining a strengthened aluminum alloy melt after uniform smelting;
(3) And casting: casting the enhanced aluminum alloy melt into an aluminum bar, controlling the casting temperature at 720-730 ℃, controlling the casting pressure at 0.01-0.03MPa, controlling the casting speed at 10-20mm/min, and cooling to obtain the enhanced 606X aluminum alloy.
Optimally, the melting temperature of a pure aluminum ingot in the double-alloy melting process is controlled to be 740-770 ℃, and the melting temperature in the double-alloy melting process is controlled to be 760-790 ℃.
Further, the melting of pure aluminum ingots in the double alloy melting process is controlled to be 750-760 ℃, and the melting temperature in the double alloy melting process is controlled to be 770-780 ℃.
Furthermore, the melting of the pure aluminum ingot in the double-alloy melting process is controlled to be 755 ℃, and the melting temperature in the double-alloy melting process is controlled to be 775 ℃.
Optimally, the smelting temperature in the smelting process of the composite alloy is controlled to be 730-740 ℃.
Further, the smelting temperature in the composite alloy smelting process is controlled at 735 ℃.
Optimally, the smelting temperature in the metamorphic smelting process is controlled to be 750-770 ℃, and the standing time is controlled to be 15-25min.
Optimally, the smelting temperature in the strengthening smelting process is controlled to be 740-760 ℃, and the standing is controlled to be 20-30min.
Optimally, the casting temperature is controlled at 725 ℃, the casting pressure is controlled at 0.02MPa, and the casting speed is controlled at 14-16mm/min.
Further, the casting speed was controlled at 15mm/min.
In addition, the processing method of the enhanced 606X series aluminum alloy section comprises the following steps:
(1) And extruding the section bar: heating the enhanced 606X aluminum alloy to 400-450 ℃, and then conveying the heated enhanced 606X aluminum alloy into an extrusion cylinder for extrusion treatment, wherein the extrusion speed is controlled to be 18-23m/min, and the extruded enhanced 606X aluminum alloy section bar initial material is obtained;
(2) And aging treatment: and (3) sending the extruded reinforced 606X series aluminum alloy profile primary material to an aging chamber, performing aging treatment, controlling the aging treatment temperature to be 180-210 ℃, performing aging treatment for 4-8h, and then performing air cooling to room temperature to obtain the reinforced 606X series aluminum alloy profile.
Optimally, the extrusion temperature of the section is controlled to be 420-440 ℃, and the extrusion speed is controlled to be 19-21m/min.
Furthermore, the extrusion temperature of the section bar is controlled at 430 ℃, and the extrusion speed is controlled at 20m/min.
Optimally, the aging treatment temperature is controlled to be 190-200 ℃, and the aging treatment time is controlled to be 5-7h.
Furthermore, the aging treatment temperature is controlled at 195 ℃, and the aging treatment time is controlled at 6h.
According to the enhanced 606X-series aluminum alloy, the raw material composition of the aluminum alloy material is optimized, particularly through modification smelting, the added rare earth elements cerium and yttrium can well refine the crystal grains of the aluminum alloy and promote the aluminum alloy to form a spherical particle shape, and the distribution is uniform; meanwhile, through strengthening smelting treatment, the added zirconium element can obviously increase the strength and the surface hardness of the aluminum alloy; the standing step is arranged in the modification smelting and strengthening smelting processes, so that the uniform distribution in the aluminum alloy can be further promoted; in addition, the optimization of the technological parameters of casting, extruding and aging treatment ensures that all properties of the enhanced 606X series aluminum alloy section are better than those of 6061 and 6063 aluminum alloy sections, so that the mechanical property, the elastic modulus, the straightness, the hardness, the toughness, the tensile strength and the compressive strength of the enhanced 606X series aluminum alloy section are higher than those of 6061 and 6063, and the straightness and the wear resistance of the enhanced 606X series aluminum alloy section are good. In addition, the melting (casting), extruding and aging method is simple, and the added elements are few and relatively small in content, so that the production cost is relatively low, and the performance cost is relatively high.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. The following description is given by way of example, and the scope of the invention should not be limited thereto.
Example 1:
the reinforced 606X series aluminum alloy section bar of the embodiment is prepared and processed by the following steps:
(1) And preparing the alloy:
preparing materials: comprises the following components in percentage by weight: si (silicon): 0.55, mg (magnesium): 0.65, ce (cerium): 0.15, Y (yttrium): 0.10, zr (zirconium): 0.15, and the balance of aluminum (the other components are impurities brought by Fe is less than or equal to 0.25, cu is less than or equal to 0.03, mn is less than or equal to 0.03, zn is less than or equal to 0.07, and Ti is less than or equal to 0.03), and respectively weighing a pure aluminum ingot (the mark of aluminum ingot Al99.7E or 1070A for remelting of GB/T1196-2017), a pure magnesium ingot (the mark of primary magnesium ingot Mg9980 of GB/T3499-2011), an aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy (Al Si20 of GB/T27677-2017), an aluminum-cerium intermediate alloy (Al 10 of GB/T27677-2017), an aluminum-yttrium intermediate alloy (Al Y10 of GB/T277-2017) and an aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy (Al Zr 10 of GB/T67277-2017) (the aluminum content in each aluminum intermediate alloy is calculated to the total aluminum content), and reserving;
secondly, alloy smelting:
(1) smelting double alloys: melting a pure aluminum ingot at 750-760 ℃, adding an aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy for double-alloy melting, controlling the melting temperature at 770-780 ℃, and performing degassing and deslagging treatment after uniform melting to obtain a silicon-aluminum alloy melt;
(2) smelting the composite alloy: adding a pure magnesium ingot into the silicon-aluminum alloy melt to perform composite alloy smelting, controlling the smelting temperature to be 730-740 ℃, and performing deslagging treatment after uniform smelting to obtain the silicon-magnesium-aluminum alloy melt;
(3) modification smelting: adding the aluminum-cerium intermediate alloy and the aluminum-yttrium intermediate alloy into the silicon-magnesium-aluminum alloy melt for modification smelting, controlling the smelting temperature at 750-770 ℃, performing slag removal treatment after uniform smelting, and standing for 15-25min to obtain modified aluminum alloy melt;
(4) and strengthening smelting: adding the aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy into the modified aluminum alloy melt to perform reinforced smelting, controlling the smelting temperature to be 740-760 ℃, performing deslagging treatment after uniform smelting, standing for 20-30min, and obtaining reinforced aluminum alloy melt after uniform smelting;
thirdly, casting: casting the enhanced aluminum alloy melt into an aluminum bar, controlling the casting temperature at 730-740 ℃, controlling the casting pressure at 0.01-0.03MPa, controlling the casting speed at 10-20mm/min, setting the diameter of the cast bar at 120mm, setting the length of the cast bar at 400-410mm, and cooling to obtain an enhanced 606X-series aluminum alloy cast bar;
(2) And processing the section bar:
the method comprises the following steps of: heating the enhanced 606X series aluminum alloy cast rod to 420-440 ℃, then sending the enhanced 606X series aluminum alloy cast rod into an extrusion cylinder for extrusion treatment, and controlling the extrusion speed to be 19-21m/min, thus obtaining the enhanced 606X series aluminum alloy profile initial material after extrusion;
the method comprises the following steps: and (3) sending the extruded reinforced 606X series aluminum alloy profile primary material to an aging chamber, performing aging treatment, controlling the aging treatment temperature at 190-200 ℃, performing aging treatment for 5-7h, and then performing air cooling to room temperature to obtain the reinforced 606X series aluminum alloy profile.
The detection shows that the enhanced 606X series aluminum alloy section prepared by the embodiment has the tensile strength of 272MPa, the yield strength of 252MPa, the elongation after fracture of 10 percent, the elastic modulus of 69GPa, the Wechsler hardness of 15.7HW and the straightness of 0.5mm/M.
Example 2:
the reinforced 606X series aluminum alloy section bar of the embodiment is prepared and processed by the following steps:
(1) And preparing the alloy:
preparing materials: comprises the following components in percentage by weight: si (silicon): 0.60, mg (magnesium): 0.60, ce (cerium): 0.10, Y (yttrium): 0.15, zr (zirconium): 0.10, and the balance of aluminum (the other components are impurities brought by Fe is less than or equal to 0.25, cu is less than or equal to 0.03, mn is less than or equal to 0.03, zn is less than or equal to 0.07, and Ti is less than or equal to 0.03), and respectively weighing a pure aluminum ingot (the mark of aluminum ingot Al99.7E or 1070A for remelting of GB/T1196-2017), a pure magnesium ingot (the mark of primary magnesium ingot Mg9980 of GB/T3499-2011), an aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy (Al Si20 of GB/T27677-2017), an aluminum-cerium intermediate alloy (Al 10 of GB/T27677-2017), an aluminum-yttrium intermediate alloy (Al Y10 of GB/T277-2017) and an aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy (Al Zr 10 of GB/T67277-2017) (the aluminum content in each aluminum intermediate alloy is calculated to the total aluminum content), and reserving;
the rest is the same as embodiment 1 and is not described again.
The detection shows that the enhanced 606X series aluminum alloy section prepared by the embodiment has tensile strength of 278MPa, yield strength of 259MPa, elongation after fracture of 9.5%, elastic modulus of 70GPa, vickers hardness of 15.8HW and straightness of 0.45mm/M.
Example 3:
the reinforced 606X series aluminum alloy section bar of the embodiment is prepared and processed by the following steps:
(1) And preparing the alloy:
preparing materials: comprises the following components in percentage by weight: si (silicon): 0.58, mg (magnesium): 0.62, ce (cerium): 0.12, Y (yttrium): 0.12, zr (zirconium): 0.12, the balance being aluminum (the other components are Fe is less than or equal to 0.25, cu is less than or equal to 0.03, mn is less than or equal to 0.03, zn is less than or equal to 0.07, and Ti is less than or equal to 0.03 and is an impurity brought by the raw materials), and respectively weighing a pure aluminum ingot (aluminum ingot Al99.7E or 1070A brand for remelting of GB/T1196-2017), a pure magnesium ingot (raw magnesium ingot Mg9980 of GB/T3499-2011), an aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy (Al Si20 of GB/T27677-2017), an aluminum-cerium intermediate alloy (Al Ce 10 of GB/T27677-2017), an aluminum-yttrium intermediate alloy (Al Y10 of GB/T27677-2017) and an aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy (Al Zr 10 of GB/T27677-2017) (the aluminum content in each aluminum intermediate alloy is calculated to the total aluminum content), and reserving;
the rest is the same as embodiment 1 and is not described again.
The enhanced 606X-series aluminum alloy section prepared in the embodiment has the tensile strength of 285MPa, the yield strength of 263MPa, the elongation after fracture of 9.1 percent, the elastic modulus of 72GPa, the Vickers hardness of 16HW and the straightness of 0.40mm/M through detection.
The enhanced 606X-series aluminum alloy section bar can be widely applied to the fields of lifting ladders, climbing ladders, furniture, frames, engineering machinery and the like.
Claims (10)
1. An enhanced 606X series aluminum alloy is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: si:0.55 to 0.60, mg:0.60-0.65, ce:0.10-0.15, Y:0.10 to 0.15, zr:0.10-0.15, fe is less than or equal to 0.25, cu is less than or equal to 0.03, mn is less than or equal to 0.03, zn is less than or equal to 0.07, ti is less than or equal to 0.03, the balance is aluminum and a small amount of unavoidable impurities, the total amount of the small amount of the unavoidable impurities is less than or equal to 0.05, and the content of a single component in the small amount of the unavoidable impurities is less than or equal to 0.01.
2. An enhanced 606X aluminum alloy according to claim 1 comprising, in weight percent: si:0.55, mg:0.65, ce:0.15, Y:0.10, zr:0.15, fe < 0.25, cu < 0.03, mn < 0.03, zn < 0.07, ti < 0.03, the balance being aluminum and small amounts of unavoidable impurities, the total amount of which is < 0.05 and the content of single components therein is < 0.01.
3. An enhanced 606X-series aluminium alloy according to claim 1, comprising, in weight percent: si:0.60, mg:0.60, ce:0.10, Y:0.15, zr:0.10, fe is less than or equal to 0.25, cu is less than or equal to 0.03, mn is less than or equal to 0.03, zn is less than or equal to 0.07, ti is less than or equal to 0.03, the balance is aluminum and a small amount of unavoidable impurities, the total amount of the small amount of the unavoidable impurities is less than or equal to 0.05, and the content of a single component in the aluminum is less than or equal to 0.01.
4. An enhanced 606X aluminum alloy according to claim 1 comprising, in weight percent: si:0.58, mg:0.62, ce:0.12, Y:0.12, zr:0.12, fe < 0.25, cu < 0.03, mn < 0.03, zn < 0.07, ti < 0.03, the balance being aluminum and small amounts of unavoidable impurities, the total amount of which is < 0.05 and the content of single components therein is < 0.01.
5. A method of making the enhanced 606X aluminum alloy of any of claims 1-4, comprising the steps of:
(1) Preparing materials: respectively weighing a pure aluminum ingot, a pure magnesium ingot, an aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy, an aluminum-cerium intermediate alloy, an aluminum-yttrium intermediate alloy and an aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy according to the weight percentage of the content of each element in the enhanced 606X series aluminum alloy for later use;
(2) And alloy smelting:
the method comprises the following steps of: melting a pure aluminum ingot at 730-780 ℃, adding an aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy for double-alloy melting, controlling the melting temperature at 750-800 ℃, and performing degassing and deslagging treatment after uniform melting to obtain a silicon-aluminum alloy melt;
secondly, smelting the composite alloy: adding a pure magnesium ingot into the silicon-aluminum alloy melt to perform composite alloy smelting, controlling the smelting temperature to be 720-750 ℃, and performing deslagging treatment after uniform smelting to obtain the silicon-magnesium-aluminum alloy melt;
performing modification smelting: adding the aluminum-cerium intermediate alloy and the aluminum-yttrium intermediate alloy into the silicon-magnesium-aluminum alloy melt for modification smelting, controlling the smelting temperature to be 750-780 ℃, performing slag removal treatment after uniform smelting, and standing for 15-20min to obtain modified aluminum alloy melt;
fourth, reinforced smelting: adding the aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy into the modified aluminum alloy melt for strengthening smelting, controlling the smelting temperature to be 750-770 ℃, performing slag removal treatment after uniform smelting, standing for 15-20min, and obtaining a strengthened aluminum alloy melt after uniform smelting;
(3) And casting: casting the enhanced aluminum alloy melt into an aluminum bar, controlling the casting temperature at 720-730 ℃, controlling the casting pressure at 0.01-0.03MPa, controlling the casting speed at 10-20mm/min, and cooling to obtain the enhanced 606X aluminum alloy.
6. The method of making an enhanced 606X series aluminum alloy according to claim 5, wherein: the melting of pure aluminum ingots in the double-alloy melting process is controlled to be 750-760 ℃, and the melting temperature in the double-alloy melting process is controlled to be 770-780 ℃.
7. The method of making an enhanced 606X series aluminum alloy according to claim 5, wherein: the smelting temperature of the composite alloy in the smelting process is controlled to be 730-740 ℃.
8. The method of making an enhanced 606X series aluminum alloy according to claim 5, wherein: the smelting temperature in the modification smelting process is controlled to be 750-770 ℃, and the standing time is controlled to be 15-25min.
9. The method of making an enhanced 606X series aluminum alloy according to claim 5, wherein: the smelting temperature in the strengthening smelting process is controlled to be 740-760 ℃, and the standing is controlled to be 20-30min.
10. A method for processing a section bar of the reinforced 606X-series aluminum alloy according to claim 5, which comprises the following steps:
(1) And profile extrusion: heating the enhanced 606X series aluminum alloy to 400-450 ℃, then sending the enhanced 606X series aluminum alloy into an extrusion cylinder for extrusion treatment, and controlling the extrusion speed to be 18-23m/min, thus obtaining the enhanced 606X series aluminum alloy profile initial material after extrusion;
(2) And aging treatment: and (3) conveying the extruded reinforced 606X series aluminum alloy section bar initial material into an aging chamber, performing aging treatment, controlling the aging treatment temperature to be 180-210 ℃, performing aging treatment for 4-8 hours, and then cooling to room temperature through air to obtain the reinforced 606X series aluminum alloy section bar.
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