CN115570854A - 一种防水抗菌除螨家纺面料及其使用方法 - Google Patents

一种防水抗菌除螨家纺面料及其使用方法 Download PDF

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CN115570854A
CN115570854A CN202211284902.3A CN202211284902A CN115570854A CN 115570854 A CN115570854 A CN 115570854A CN 202211284902 A CN202211284902 A CN 202211284902A CN 115570854 A CN115570854 A CN 115570854A
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waterproof
antibacterial
mite
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陈凤
孔雀
刘金抗
袁燕
葛玲
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Violet Home Textile Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种防水抗菌除螨家纺面料，其特征在于：包括防水外层、抗菌除螨上层、防水透气保暖下层和舒适内层，所述防水外层、除螨抗菌上层、防水透气保暖下层和舒适内层由外向内依次层叠复合压层制备；所述防水外层由聚酯纤维和棉纤维编织而成，所述抗菌除螨上层为苎麻棉混纺面料，所述防水透气保暖下层为涤纶中空纤维，所述舒适内层由竹纤维和牛奶蛋白纤维编织而成，本发明可以同时趋避和杀灭螨虫，不仅防水性能较好，而且具有良好的除螨抗菌特性。

Description

一种防水抗菌除螨家纺面料及其使用方法
技术领域
本发明属于纺织品面料加工技术领域，具体涉及一种防水抗菌除螨家纺面料。
背景技术
家用纺织品在我们生活中发挥了重要作用，从地毯、沙发、窗帘到床单、被套、床垫都不可或缺。但是这些家纺产品在使用过程中易于沾污、污物沾到家纺产品上难以去除。此外，家纺面料容易吸附螨虫和滋生细菌，由于人体出汗、空气潮湿等原因，也容易浸湿家纺面料，使得家纺面料成为细菌滋生的温床，螨虫以人的汗液、分泌物和皮屑为食，细菌会引起人感冒、发烧，甚至导致人的死亡，严重影响人们的生活和健康，因此具有抗菌除螨和防水性能的家纺面料非常重要。目前常见的家纺面料多为纯棉面料，其除螨抗菌性能较差、防水性能也不好，对家纺产品的抗菌除螨防水性能的提高还需要深入研究和探索。
牛奶蛋白纤维的原料为牛奶蛋白质，含有十七种富有营养的氨基酸，还具有天然持久的抑菌功能，对金黄色葡萄球菌、真菌、白色念珠菌和霉菌光谱抑菌率达到80%以上，由于纤维中含有活性蛋白，对人体有滋润肌肤的功效。面料透气滑爽、光泽优雅。竹纤维具有良好的透气性、瞬间吸水性，同时具有天然抗菌、抑菌、除螨、防臭和抗紫外功能。此外，竹纤维具有亲肤优良、触感柔软、肌肤舒爽和冬暖夏凉功能。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种防水抗菌除螨家纺面料，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用了如下技术方案：
一种防水抗菌除螨家纺面料，包括防水外层、抗菌除螨上层、防水透气保暖下层和舒适内层，所述防水外层、除螨抗菌上层、防水透气保暖下层和舒适内层由外向内依次层叠复合压层制备；所述防水外层由聚酯纤维和棉纤维编织而成，所述抗菌除螨上层为苎麻棉混纺面料，所述防水透气保暖下层为涤纶中空纤维，所述舒适内层由竹纤维和牛奶蛋白纤维编织而成。
优选的，所述防水表层由棉纤维和聚酯纤维经纬线编织而成，所述经线为棉纤维，所述纬线为聚酯纤维，并对所述防水表层进行防水处理。
优选的，所述抗菌除螨上层的表面为抗菌微胶囊粒子，所述抗菌微胶囊粒子均匀分布在苎麻棉混纺面料表面，所述抗菌微胶囊粒子的粒径范围100-800nm。
优选的，所述防水透气保暖下层由涤纶中空纤维编织而成，其纤维之间孔隙0.5-2μm。
优选的，所述竹纤维和牛奶蛋白纤维的比例为10-30:90-70。
优选的，所述防水表层采用10-50重量份的聚二甲基硅氧烷、1-8重量份的第一乳化剂和100-300重量份的水配制成防水助剂溶液，然后将棉和聚酯编织织物浸于所述防水助剂溶液中，取出后在80-100℃烘干10-30min，然后130-150℃焙烘30-90s，最后水洗烘干。
优选的，所述抗菌微胶囊粒子包括第二乳化剂、微胶囊芯层和壁材，所述微胶囊芯层为单宁酸、茶树油、香草油中的一种或几种，所述壁材为壳聚糖，将壳聚糖溶于醋酸溶液中制备壳聚糖酸溶液，将单宁酸、茶树油或香草油和第二乳化剂加入水中搅拌乳化形成乳液，然后将乳液加入壳聚糖溶液中继续搅拌，得到抗菌微胶囊粒子，然后通过粘合剂将所述抗菌微胶囊粒子和苎麻棉混纺织物粘结在一起。
优选的，所述第二乳化剂为吐温80、司班80、失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十六烷基三甲基氯化铵、山梨糖醇酐油酯中的一种或几种。
优选的，先将5-25重量份的壳聚糖溶于50-200重量份的醋酸溶液中，再将1-10重量份的微胶囊芯层和1-5重量份的第二乳化剂加入10-50重量份水中搅拌如果形成乳化液，然后将10-50重量份的乳液加入到30-100重量份的壳聚糖酸溶液中在30-90℃持续搅拌，转速500-2500rpm，时间3-15h。
优选的，将10-30重量份的抗菌微胶囊粒子和1-8重量份的粘合剂分散于200-500重量份的水中，将苎麻棉混纺织物浸于该溶液中，然后在100℃烘干10-30min，再140-150℃焙烘30-90s，最后水洗烘干。
本发明的技术效果和优点：
（1）壳聚糖、单宁酸、茶树油、香草油为天然抗菌材料，且具有除螨性能，对环境无污染。
（2）竹纤维具有良好的透气性、瞬间吸水性，同时具有天然抗菌、抑菌、除螨、防臭和抗紫外功能。此外，竹纤维具有亲肤优良、触感柔软、肌肤舒爽和冬暖夏凉功能。牛奶蛋白纤维具有天然持久的抑菌功能，对金黄色葡萄球菌、真菌、白色念珠菌和霉菌光谱抑菌率达到80%以上，由于纤维中含有活性蛋白，对人体有滋润肌肤的功效。面料透气滑爽、光泽优雅。两者混纺作为舒适内层，既能达到舒适的效果，又能起到抗菌作用，具有较为明显的优势。
（3）舒适内层亲水层，防水外层为疏水层，人体出汗散发的汗液会持续不断的从内层向外层扩散，使得内层保持干爽。
本发明不仅性能优异、材料环保、对人体无危害、方法简单高效，面料综合性能优异。
附图说明
图1为本发明防水抗菌除螨家纺面料结构图；
图2为本发明中抗菌微胶囊粒子的扫描电镜图；
图中：1、防水外层；2、抗菌除螨上层；3、防水透气保暖下层；4、舒适内层。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图1-图2，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例一：
如图1和图2所示，本发明提供了一种防水抗菌除螨家纺面料，包括防水外层1、抗菌除螨上层2、防水透气保暖下层3和舒适内层，防水外层1、除螨抗菌上层、防水透气保暖下层3和舒适内层由外向内依次层叠复合压层制备；防水外层1由聚酯纤维和棉纤维编织而成，抗菌除螨上层2为苎麻棉混纺面料，防水透气保暖下层3为涤纶中空纤维，舒适内层由竹纤维和牛奶蛋白纤维编织而成。
防水表层由棉纤维和聚酯纤维经纬线编织而成，经线为棉纤维，纬线为聚酯纤维，并对防水表层进行防水处理，防水表层采用10-50重量份的聚二甲基硅氧烷、1-8重量份的第一乳化剂和100-300重量份的水配制成防水助剂溶液，然后将棉和聚酯编织织物浸于防水助剂溶液中，取出后在80-100℃烘干10-30min，然后130-150℃焙烘30-90s，最后水洗烘干，第一乳化剂为十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十六烷基三甲基氯化铵、山梨糖醇酐油酯中的一种或几种。
抗菌除螨上层2的表面为抗菌微胶囊粒子，抗菌微胶囊粒子均匀分布在苎麻棉混纺面料表面，抗菌微胶囊粒子的粒径范围100-800nm，抗菌微胶囊粒子包括第二乳化剂、微胶囊芯层和壁材，微胶囊芯层为单宁酸、茶树油、香草油中的一种或几种，壁材为壳聚糖，将壳聚糖溶于醋酸溶液中制备壳聚糖酸溶液，将单宁酸、茶树油或香草油和第二乳化剂加入水中搅拌乳化形成乳液，然后将乳液加入壳聚糖溶液中继续搅拌，得到抗菌微胶囊粒子，然后通过粘合剂将抗菌微胶囊粒子和苎麻棉混纺织物粘结在一起，壳聚糖、单宁酸、茶树油、香草油为天然抗菌材料，且具有除螨性能，对环境无污染。
第二乳化剂为吐温80、司班80、失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十六烷基三甲基氯化铵、山梨糖醇酐油酯中的一种或几种。
先将5-25重量份的壳聚糖溶于50-200重量份的醋酸溶液中，再将1-10重量份的微胶囊芯层和1-5重量份的第二乳化剂加入10-50重量份水中搅拌如果形成乳化液，然后将10-50重量份的乳液加入到30-100重量份的壳聚糖酸溶液中在30-90℃持续搅拌，转速500-2500rpm，时间3-15h。
将10-30重量份的抗菌微胶囊粒子和1-8重量份的粘合剂分散于200-500重量份的水中，将苎麻棉混纺织物浸于该溶液中，然后在100℃烘干10-30min，再140-150℃焙烘30-90s，最后水洗烘干。
防水透气保暖下层3由涤纶中空纤维编织而成，其纤维之间孔隙0.5-2μm。
竹纤维和牛奶蛋白纤维的比例为10-30:90-70，竹纤维具有良好的透气性、瞬间吸水性，同时具有天然抗菌、抑菌、除螨、防臭和抗紫外功能。此外，竹纤维具有亲肤优良、触感柔软、肌肤舒爽和冬暖夏凉功能。牛奶蛋白纤维具有天然持久的抑菌功能，对金黄色葡萄球菌、真菌、白色念珠菌和霉菌光谱抑菌率达到80%以上，由于纤维中含有活性蛋白，对人体有滋润肌肤的功效。面料透气滑爽、光泽优雅。两者混纺作为舒适内层，既能达到舒适的效果，又能起到抗菌作用，具有较为明显的优势。
舒适内层亲水层，防水外层1为疏水层，人体出汗散发的汗液会持续不断的从内层向外层扩散，使得内层保持干爽。
实施例二：
防水抗菌除螨功能家纺面料采用四层复合结构，包括防水外层1、抗菌除螨上层2、防水透气保暖下层3和舒适内层，通过层压的方式制备，防水外层1为聚酯纤维和棉纤维编织而成，抗菌除螨上层2为苎麻棉混纺面料，防水透气保暖下层3为涤纶中空纤维，舒适内层为竹纤维和牛奶蛋白纤维编织而成。
防水表层由棉纤维和聚酯纤维经纬线编织而成，经线为棉纤维，纬线为聚酯纤维，然后对防水表层进行防水处理，将25重量份的聚二甲基硅氧烷、5重量份的十二烷基苯磺酸钠和250重量份的水配制成防水助剂溶液，然后将棉和聚酯编织织物浸于该溶液中，取出后在100℃烘干30min，然后150℃焙烘60s，最后水洗烘干。
抗菌除螨上层2为苎麻棉混纺面料，其表面为抗菌微胶囊粒子，均匀分布在面料表面，扫描电镜图如图2所示。制备抗菌微胶囊粒子，其中微胶囊芯层为单宁酸，壁材为壳聚糖，先将10重量份的壳聚糖溶于150重量份的醋酸溶液中，再将3重量份的抗菌除螨材料和2重量份的第二乳化剂加入30重量份水中搅拌如果形成乳化液，然后将20重量份的乳液加入到100重量份的壳聚糖酸溶液中在60℃持续搅拌，转速2000rpm，时间10h，得到抗菌微胶囊粒子，将15重量份的抗菌微胶囊粒子和3重量份的粘合剂分散于400重量份的水中，将苎麻棉混纺织物浸于该溶液中，然后在100℃烘干30min，再150℃焙烘30s，最后水洗烘干。
防水透气保暖下层3对涤纶中空纤维其进行编织，其纤维之间孔隙1.8μm，竹棉混纺纤维和牛奶蛋白纤维的比例为30:70，将防水外层1、除螨抗菌上层、防水透气保暖下层3和舒适内层由外向内依次层压得到防水抗菌防螨功能家纺面料。
对实施例二的防水抗菌防螨功能家纺面料进行抗菌实验，参考抗菌测试采用AATCC 100-1999方法对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌进行抗菌率在接触15min进行测试，对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率都能达到99%以上，国家标准GB/T 24253-2009《纺织品防螨性能的评价》，驱螨率达到90%以上。对实施例二的防水抗菌防螨功能家纺面料进行表层接触角测试，其表面接触角为150.3°。对实施例二的防水抗菌防螨功能家纺面料进行透气和透湿性能测试，其透气和透湿数值分别为159.2 mm·s-1和7954.2g/m2·d。
实施例三：
防水抗菌除螨功能家纺面料采用四层复合结构，包括防水外层1、抗菌除螨上层2、防水透气保暖下层3和舒适内层，通过层压的方式制备，防水外层1为聚酯纤维和棉纤维编织而成，抗菌除螨上层2为苎麻棉混纺面料，防水透气保暖下层3为涤纶中空纤维，舒适内层为竹纤维和牛奶蛋白纤维编织而成。
防水表层由棉纤维和聚酯纤维经纬线编织而成，经线为棉纤维，纬线为聚酯纤维，然后对防水表层进行防水处理，将50重量份的聚二甲基硅氧烷、5重量份的十二烷基苯磺酸钠和250重量份的水配制成防水助剂溶液，然后将棉和聚酯编织织物浸于该溶液中，取出后在100℃烘干30min，然后150℃焙烘60s，最后水洗烘干。
抗菌除螨上层2为苎麻棉混纺面料，其表面为抗菌微胶囊粒子，均匀分布在面料表面。制备抗菌微胶囊粒子，其中微胶囊芯层为单宁酸，壁材为壳聚糖。先将10重量份的壳聚糖溶于150重量份的醋酸溶液中，再将3重量份的抗菌除螨材料和2重量份的第二乳化剂加入30重量份水中搅拌如果形成乳化液。然后将20重量份的乳液加入到100重量份的壳聚糖酸溶液中在60℃持续搅拌，转速2000rpm，时间10h，得到抗菌微胶囊粒子。将15重量份的微胶囊和3重量份的粘合剂分散于400重量份的水中，将苎麻棉混纺织物浸于该溶液中，然后在100℃烘干30min，再150℃焙烘30s，最后水洗烘干。
防水透气保暖下层3对涤纶中空纤维其进行编织，其纤维之间孔隙0.7m。竹棉混纺纤维和牛奶蛋白纤维的比例为30:70。将防水外层1、除螨抗菌上层、防水透气保暖下层3和舒适内层由外向内依次层压得到防水抗菌防螨功能家纺面料。
对实施例三的防水抗菌防螨功能家纺面料进行抗菌实验，参考抗菌测试采用AATCC 100-1999方法对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌进行抗菌率在接触15min进行测试，对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率都能达到99%以上，国家标准GB/T 24253-2009《纺织品防螨性能的评价》，驱螨率达到92%以上。对实施例三的防水抗菌防螨功能家纺面料进行表层接触角测试，其表面接触角为156.3°。对实施例三的防水抗菌防螨功能家纺面料进行透气和透湿性能测试，其透气和透湿数值分别为150.8 mm·s-1和7631.2g/m2·d。
实施例四
防水抗菌除螨功能家纺面料采用四层复合结构，包括防水外层1、抗菌除螨上层2、防水透气保暖下层3和舒适内层，通过层压的方式制备。防水外层1为棉纤维和聚酯纤维编织而成，抗菌除螨上层2为苎麻棉混纺面料，防水透气保暖下层3为涤纶中空纤维，舒适内层为竹纤维和牛奶蛋白纤维编织而成。
防水表层由棉纤维和聚酯纤维经纬线编织而成，经线为棉纤维，纬线为聚酯纤维，然后对防水表层进行防水处理。将25重量份的聚二甲基硅氧烷、5重量份的十二烷基苯磺酸钠和250重量份的水配制成防水助剂溶液。然后将棉和聚酯编织织物浸于该溶液中，取出后在100℃烘干30min，然后150℃焙烘60s，最后水洗烘干。
抗菌除螨上层2为苎麻棉混纺面料，其表面为抗菌微胶囊粒子，均匀分布在面料表面。制备抗菌微胶囊粒子，其中微胶囊芯层为单宁酸，壁材为壳聚糖。先将10重量份的壳聚糖溶于150重量份的醋酸溶液中，再将8重量份的抗菌除螨材料和2重量份的第二乳化剂加入30重量份水中搅拌如果形成乳化液。然后将20重量份的乳液加入到100重量份的壳聚糖酸溶液中在60℃持续搅拌，转速2000rpm，时间10h，得到抗菌微胶囊粒子。将15重量份的抗菌微胶囊粒子和3重量份的粘合剂分散于400重量份的水中，将苎麻棉混纺织物浸于该溶液中，然后在100℃烘干30min，再150℃焙烘30s，最后水洗烘干。
防水透气保暖下层3对涤纶中空纤维其进行编织，其纤维之间孔隙1.1μm。竹棉混纺纤维和牛奶蛋白纤维的比例为30:70。将防水外层1、除螨抗菌上层、防水透气保暖下层3和舒适内层由外向内依次层压得到防水抗菌防螨功能家纺面料。
对实施例四的防水抗菌防螨功能家纺面料进行抗菌实验，参考抗菌测试采用AATCC 100-1999方法对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌进行抗菌率在接触15min进行测试，对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率都能达到99%以上，国家标准GB/T 24253-2009《纺织品防螨性能的评价》，驱螨率达到95%以上。对实施例四的防水抗菌防螨功能家纺面料进行表层接触角测试，其表面接触角为151.3°。对实施例四的防水抗菌防螨功能家纺面料进行透气和透湿性能测试，其透气和透湿数值分别为156.6 mm·s-1和7843.2g/m2·d。
最后应说明的是：以上仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种防水抗菌除螨家纺面料，其特征在于：包括防水外层、抗菌除螨上层、防水透气保暖下层和舒适内层，所述防水外层、除螨抗菌上层、防水透气保暖下层和舒适内层由外向内依次层叠复合压层制备；所述防水外层由聚酯纤维和棉纤维编织而成，所述抗菌除螨上层为苎麻棉混纺面料，所述防水透气保暖下层为涤纶中空纤维，所述舒适内层由竹纤维和牛奶蛋白纤维编织而成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水抗菌除螨家纺面料，其特征在于：所述防水表层由棉纤维和聚酯纤维经纬线编织而成，所述经线为棉纤维，所述纬线为聚酯纤维，并对所述防水表层进行防水处理。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水抗菌除螨家纺面料，其特征在于：所述抗菌除螨上层的表面为抗菌微胶囊粒子，所述抗菌微胶囊粒子均匀分布在苎麻棉混纺面料表面，所述抗菌微胶囊粒子的粒径范围100-800nm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水抗菌除螨家纺面料，其特征在于：所述防水透气保暖下层由涤纶中空纤维编织而成，其纤维之间孔隙0.5-2μm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水抗菌除螨家纺面料，其特征在于：所述竹纤维和牛奶蛋白纤维的比例为10-30:90-70。
6.根据权利要求2所述的一种防水抗菌除螨家纺面料，其特征在于：所述防水表层采用10-50重量份的聚二甲基硅氧烷、1-8重量份的第一乳化剂和100-300重量份的水配制成防水助剂溶液，然后将棉和聚酯编织织物浸于所述防水助剂溶液中，取出后在80-100℃烘干10-30min，然后130-150℃焙烘30-90s，最后水洗烘干。
7.根据权利要求3所述的一种防水抗菌除螨家纺面料，其特征在于：所述抗菌微胶囊粒子包括第二乳化剂、微胶囊芯层和壁材，所述微胶囊芯层为单宁酸、茶树油、香草油中的一种或几种，所述壁材为壳聚糖，将壳聚糖溶于醋酸溶液中制备壳聚糖酸溶液，将单宁酸、茶树油或香草油和第二乳化剂加入水中搅拌乳化形成乳液，然后将乳液加入壳聚糖溶液中继续搅拌，得到抗菌微胶囊粒子，然后通过粘合剂将所述抗菌微胶囊粒子和苎麻棉混纺织物粘结在一起。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种防水抗菌除螨家纺面料，其特征在于：所述第二乳化剂为吐温80、司班80、失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十六烷基三甲基氯化铵、山梨糖醇酐油酯中的一种或几种。
9.根据权利要求7所述的一种防水抗菌除螨家纺面料，其特征在于：先将5-25重量份的壳聚糖溶于50-200重量份的醋酸溶液中，再将1-10重量份的微胶囊芯层和1-5重量份的第二乳化剂加入10-50重量份水中搅拌如果形成乳化液，然后将10-50重量份的乳液加入到30-100重量份的壳聚糖酸溶液中在30-90℃持续搅拌，转速500-2500rpm，时间3-15h。
10.根据权利要求9所述的一种防水抗菌除螨家纺面料，其特征在于：将10-30重量份的抗菌微胶囊粒子和1-8重量份的粘合剂分散于200-500重量份的水中，将苎麻棉混纺织物浸于该溶液中，然后在100℃烘干10-30min，再140-150℃焙烘30-90s，最后水洗烘干。
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