CN115554339A - Pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating animal diarrhea and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating animal diarrhea and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115554339A CN115554339A CN202110750768.0A CN202110750768A CN115554339A CN 115554339 A CN115554339 A CN 115554339A CN 202110750768 A CN202110750768 A CN 202110750768A CN 115554339 A CN115554339 A CN 115554339A
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Classifications
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
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- A61K36/25—Araliaceae (Ginseng family), e.g. ivy, aralia, schefflera or tetrapanax
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- A61K2236/331—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using water, e.g. cold water, infusion, tea, steam distillation, decoction
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating animal diarrhea, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-20 parts of acanthopanax, 5-20 parts of myrobalan, 5-15 parts of Chinese pulsatilla root, 5-15 parts of probiotics, 5-15 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis and 5-10 parts of soybean. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is compounded with probiotics, the appetite of animals is increased, the nutrition absorption function of intestines and stomach of the animals is optimized, the medicine absorption rate is improved, the diarrhea resistance effect is obvious, the immunity is enhanced, and the broad-spectrum antibacterial effect is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pharmaceutical preparations, in particular to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating animal diarrhea and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Diarrhea is a disease which is common and extremely harmful to animals clinically, and the pathogenesis of the diarrhea is mostly related to the infection of pathogenic microorganisms in intestinal tracts and the release of endotoxin. At present, livestock and poultry diarrhea becomes a widely prevalent disease in livestock and poultry farms, and even livestock and poultry with severe diarrhea are dehydrated and die, so that great economic loss is caused to farmers. Due to the development of intensive and large-scale livestock and poultry breeding, the occurrence of the diseases presents a complicated and serious trend, and the development of livestock and poultry breeding in China is severely restricted.
In order to prevent and treat diarrhea of livestock and poultry, chemical preparations such as quinolones, aminoglycosides, sulfonamides and the like are usually selected at present, and although the mode has a certain effect, certain disadvantages exist, for example, because the long-term medication is not standardized, a large number of drug-resistant bacteria are generated, the effect of the commonly used chemical medicines is poor, and in addition, a large number of harmful substances are remained in the livestock and poultry body after the chemical preparations are used for a long time, so that the health of human beings is threatened. Although some traditional Chinese medicine preparations for preventing and treating animal diarrhea appear at present, the defects of poor drug absorption, slow effect taking and unobvious effect of animals generally exist.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating animal diarrhea, which adopts the compounding of traditional Chinese medicines and probiotics, increases the appetite of animals, optimizes the nutrient absorption function of intestines and stomach of animals, improves the drug absorption rate, has obvious diarrhea resistance effect, enhances the immunity and has broad-spectrum antibacterial efficacy; therefore, the invention also provides a preparation method of the pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating animal diarrhea.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating animal diarrhea, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-20 parts of acanthopanax, 5-20 parts of myrobalan, 5-15 parts of Chinese pulsatilla root, 5-15 parts of probiotics, 5-15 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis and 5-10 parts of soybean.
Wherein the probiotics is one or a mixture of more of clostridium butyricum, lactobacillus and enterococcus faecalis.
The coating comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of acanthopanax, 20 parts of myrobalan, 10 parts of Chinese pulsatilla root, 10 parts of probiotics, 10 parts of sophora flavescens and 10 parts of soybean.
In a second aspect of the present invention, a preparation method of the pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating diarrhea in animals is provided, which comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing acanthopanax, myrobalan, chinese pulsatilla, probiotics, radix sophorae flavescentis and soybean according to the formula amount;
s2, respectively crushing the acanthopanax, myrobalan, chinese pulsatilla root, radix sophorae flavescentis and soybean, respectively adding water, heating, boiling, extracting, concentrating, drying and crushing to obtain an acanthopanax crude extract, a myrobalan crude extract, a Chinese pulsatilla root crude extract, a radix sophorae flavescentis crude extract and a soybean crude extract;
and S3, sequentially adding the obtained acanthopanax crude extract, myrobalan crude extract, chinese pulsatilla crude extract, sophora flavescens crude extract and soybean crude extract into a reaction container, uniformly stirring and mixing, adding probiotics, and uniformly stirring to obtain a finished product.
The corresponding extract is obtained by crude extraction of each traditional Chinese medicine component in the preparation process, the absorption rate of animals to the medicine components is improved, the medicine has slow effect, the using effect is more obvious, the whole extraction process is simple, the operation is convenient, the consumed time is short, and the cost is low.
Wherein, in the step S2, the weight of the added water is 3-5 times of that of each component respectively, and the heating, boiling and extracting time is 2-3h.
Wherein, in the step S2, the volume of the extracting solution after the concentration treatment is reduced to 1/3-1/4.
Wherein, in the step S2, the grain sizes of the prepared acanthopanax root crude extract, myrobalan crude extract, chinese pulsatilla root crude extract, kuh-seng crude extract and soybean crude extract are 80-100 meshes.
In a third aspect of the invention, the use method of the pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating animal diarrhea is provided, the pharmaceutical composition is used as powder and mixed with feed, wherein the prevention dosage of the pharmaceutical composition is 300-500g per 1000Kg of feed, and the treatment dosage of the pharmaceutical composition is 1000-1500g.
The fourth aspect of the invention provides a use method of the pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating animal diarrhea, the pharmaceutical composition is mixed with water to prepare an aqueous agent for drenching, wherein, the dosage of the pharmaceutical composition is 3-5mg per 1Kg of animal body weight.
The acanthopanax root can enhance the endurance, the mechanical sensitivity and the hypoxia tolerance of the organism, has better anti-fatigue effect than ginseng, and simultaneously, the acanthopanax root extract can stimulate the cellular immunity, enhance the function of the immune system, regulate the internal secretion and improve the circulatory system.
The myrobalan is bitter, sour and wet in taste, has neutral nature, enters lung and large intestine channels, and has the effects of relieving diarrhea with astringents, astringing lung to relieve cough, reducing pathogenic fire and relieving sore throat.
Radix Pulsatillae has effects of clearing heat and detoxicating, cooling blood and relieving dysentery, eliminating dampness and killing parasite, and can be used for treating toxic heat and bloody dysentery, pruritus vulvae and leukorrhagia, and amebic dysentery.
Radix Sophorae Flavescentis is bitter in taste and cold in nature, contains alkaloids such as matrine, oxymatrine, sophoridine, etc., has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, has effects of inhibiting Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, clearing heat, eliminating dampness, killing parasite, and promoting urination, and can be used for treating dysentery with heat, hematochezia, jaundice, anuria, leucorrhea with red and white discharge, eczema, etc.
The dietary fiber in soybean can promote animal digestion, improve animal digestibility of feed, and absorption of fat-soluble vitamins and other nutrients, and eliminate diarrhea caused by dyspepsia.
By adding probiotics into the formula, the feed has the advantages of promoting appetite of animals, optimizing nutrition absorption function of intestines and stomach of the animals and improving the absorption rate of traditional Chinese medicine components.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the product of the invention adopts the traditional Chinese medicine components to be compounded with probiotics, increases the appetite of animals, optimizes the nutrition absorption function of intestines and stomach of animals, improves the medicine absorption rate, has the effects of strong diarrhea resistance, immunity enhancement and broad-spectrum antibiosis, can replace chemical preparations such as sulphaguanidine, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, norfloxacin and the like, is suitable for preventing or treating diarrhea of piglets, weaned pigs and sows and diarrhea caused during various stress periods, and especially has obvious treatment effect on the diarrhea of piglets.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A preparation method of a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating animal diarrhea comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 20 parts of acanthopanax, 20 parts of myrobalan, 10 parts of Chinese pulsatilla, 10 parts of probiotics (clostridium butyricum, lactobacillus and enterococcus faecalis with the weight ratio of 1;
s2, respectively crushing acanthopanax, myrobalan, chinese pulsatilla root, radix sophorae flavescentis and soybean, respectively adding water with the weight being 4 times of that of each component, heating, boiling and extracting for 2 hours, concentrating, reducing the volume of an extracting solution to 1/4, drying and crushing to obtain an acanthopanax crude extract, a myrobalan crude extract, a Chinese pulsatilla root crude extract, a radix sophorae flavescentis crude extract and a soybean crude extract with the particle size of 80-100 meshes;
and S3, sequentially adding the obtained acanthopanax crude extract, myrobalan crude extract, chinese pulsatilla crude extract, sophora flavescens crude extract and soybean crude extract into a reaction container, uniformly stirring and mixing, adding probiotics, and uniformly stirring to obtain a finished product.
Example 2
A preparation method of a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating animal diarrhea comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 5 parts of acanthopanax, 20 parts of myrobalan, 5 parts of Chinese pulsatilla, 8 parts of probiotics (enterococcus faecalis), 11 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis and 6 parts of soybean;
s2, respectively crushing acanthopanax, myrobalan, chinese pulsatilla root, radix sophorae flavescentis and soybean, respectively adding water with the weight being 3 times of that of each component, heating, boiling and extracting for 2 hours, concentrating, reducing the volume of an extracting solution to 1/3, drying and crushing to obtain an acanthopanax crude extract, a myrobalan crude extract, a Chinese pulsatilla root crude extract, a radix sophorae flavescentis crude extract and a soybean crude extract with the particle size of 80-100 meshes;
and S3, sequentially adding the obtained acanthopanax crude extract, myrobalan crude extract, chinese pulsatilla crude extract, sophora flavescens crude extract and soybean crude extract into a reaction container, uniformly stirring and mixing, adding probiotics, and uniformly stirring to obtain a finished product.
Example 3
A preparation method of a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating animal diarrhea comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 12 parts of acanthopanax, 16 parts of myrobalan, 12 parts of Chinese pulsatilla, 15 parts of probiotics (clostridium butyricum and enterococcus faecalis with the weight ratio of 1:1), 5 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis and 8 parts of soybean;
s2, respectively crushing acanthopanax, myrobalan, chinese pulsatilla root, radix sophorae flavescentis and soybean, respectively adding water which is 5 times of the weight of each component, boiling and extracting for 3 hours, concentrating, reducing the volume of the extract to 1/4, drying and crushing to obtain an acanthopanax crude extract, myrobalan crude extract, chinese pulsatilla root crude extract, radix sophorae flavescentis crude extract and soybean crude extract with the particle size of 80-100 meshes;
and S3, sequentially adding the obtained acanthopanax crude extract, myrobalan crude extract, chinese pulsatilla crude extract, sophora flavescens crude extract and soybean crude extract into a reaction container, uniformly stirring and mixing, adding probiotics, and uniformly stirring to obtain a finished product.
Example 4
A preparation method of a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating animal diarrhea comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 17 parts of acanthopanax, 9 parts of myrobalan, 15 parts of Chinese pulsatilla root, 5 parts of probiotics (lactobacillus), 15 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis and 5 parts of soybean;
s2, respectively crushing the acanthopanax, myrobalan, chinese pulsatilla root, radix sophorae flavescentis and soybean, respectively adding water with the weight being 3 times of that of each component, heating, boiling and extracting for 2 hours, concentrating, reducing the volume of an extracting solution to 1/4, drying and crushing to obtain an acanthopanax crude extract, a myrobalan crude extract, a Chinese pulsatilla root crude extract, a radix sophorae flavescentis crude extract and a soybean crude extract with the particle size of 80-100 meshes;
and S3, sequentially adding the obtained acanthopanax crude extract, myrobalan crude extract, chinese pulsatilla crude extract, sophora flavescens crude extract and soybean crude extract into a reaction container, uniformly stirring and mixing, adding probiotics, and uniformly stirring to obtain a finished product.
The pharmaceutical composition prepared in examples 1-4 can be directly used as powder, bagged and sealed for later use; or mixing with water to obtain aqua, i.e. mixing 100g of the pharmaceutical composition prepared in examples 1-4 with 100L of water, and packaging in glass bottles after autoclaving.
When the pharmaceutical composition is used as powder and mixed with feed, wherein, per 1000Kg of feed, the prevention dosage of the pharmaceutical composition is 300-500g, and the treatment dosage of the pharmaceutical composition is 1000-1500g.
When the pharmaceutical composition is used as a water aqua for drenching, the dosage of the pharmaceutical composition is 3-5mg per 1Kg of animal body weight.
60 piglets which are provided by a certain Sichuan pig farm and have diarrhea are selected, and the main clinical symptoms are increased defecation frequency, no formation, paste or water sample, slight dehydration, vomiting, lassitude, anorexia or abominability, lying on the ground, failure and weakness. The experimental piglets are randomly divided into 3 groups, and 20 piglets in each group are fed in pens.
Each group of piglets exhibited typical clinical symptoms of diarrhea prior to administration: listlessness, bowed back, reluctance to walk, vomiting, diarrhea and dehydration, frequent discharge of thin feces with mucus, contamination of the anus with feces, yellow and sticky feces at the beginning of diarrhea, watery feces, vomiting, diarrhea accompanied by mental depression, anorexia, emaciation and exhaustion. Generally, the smaller the age, the more severe the symptoms.
C, performing autopsy on the lesion: mainly limited in gastrointestinal tract, the stomach is filled with contents, the appearance is characteristically relaxed, the wall of the small intestine becomes thin and semitransparent, the intestinal canal expands and dilates, yellow liquid is filled, the mesentery is congested, the mesentery lymph node swells, microscopic lesions are distributed in a spot shape from the duodenum to the tail end of the ileum, the length of villus in the damaged area is from medium to serious to short, and the short villus is in a fusion shape and has brush border with dysplasia. The piglets in the group are judged to have diarrhea disease from the symptoms.
The first group of experimental piglets is specifically administered as follows: the pharmaceutical composition prepared in example 1 was directly used as a powder to be mixed into a feed, and the pharmaceutical composition was used twice a day for 5 consecutive days in an amount of 1200g per 1000Kg of the feed;
the second group of experimental piglets is specifically administered as follows: mixing 100g of the pharmaceutical composition prepared in example 1 with 100L of water to prepare an aqueous solution, and pouring the aqueous solution twice a day for 5 days according to the dosage of taking 4mg of the pharmaceutical composition per 1Kg of animal body weight;
the third group of experimental piglets is specifically administered as follows: the mequindox injection (the main component is mequindox) produced by Shanghai Gongyi animal pharmaceutical factory is used, the dose of the mequindox injection is 0.2mL/1kg of animal body weight, and the mequindox injection is used once a day for 3 days continuously.
The above 3 groups were observed for 7 days after drug withdrawal, and the effect of the drug was analyzed.
(1) Observation index
The excrement condition of the piglets is observed after the administration, the excrement is divided into 5 grades of normal, thin and soft, viscous, watery and bloody stool, and the diarrhea is judged in the last 4 grades.
(2) Index of therapeutic effect
Mortality = (number of dead pigs with typical symptoms and lesions of piglet diarrhea/number of pigs in this test group) × 100%;
effective rate = (number of live pigs in each group/number of pigs in the test group at the end of experiment) × 100%;
cure rate = (number of pigs with complete disappearance of clinical symptoms in sick pigs/number of pigs in this test group) × 100%.
The 3 groups of diarrhea piglets are dosed according to the scheme, the excrement condition of the piglets is observed, the cure rate, the death rate and the effective rate are respectively calculated, the judgment is made according to the excrement condition observed after the piglets are dosed, and the result is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 index of feces after administration for each group
| Group of | Normal stool | The feces are thin and soft | Thickening of faeces | Fecal water sample | Bloody stool |
| First group | 17 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Second group | 18 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Third group | 13 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
TABLE 2 therapeutic index after administration
| Group of | Total number of | Number of deaths | Number of cure | Effective number | The mortality rate is% | The cure rate is% | Effective rate% |
| First group | 20 | 3 | 16 | 17 | 15 | 80 | 85 |
| Second group | 20 | 2 | 17 | 18 | 10 | 85 | 90 |
| Third group | 20 | 5 | 13 | 15 | 25 | 65 | 75 |
As can be seen visually from the test results in tables 1 and 2: after the medicine is taken, the number of normal heads of the feces of the piglets in the second group is the largest, and reaches 18 heads, the cure rate and the effective rate of the second group are higher than those of the first group and the third group, the death rate is the lowest, and the cure rate and the effective rate reach 85 percent and 90 percent respectively. The third group adopts western medicine intramuscular injection, which has effects, but does not achieve long-term curative effect during treatment, so the result is not ideal. The data of the first group is slightly worse than the data of the second group because the piglet has small feed intake, and the piglet has less drug intake and slightly worse effect than the piglet directly taking the feed by adopting the method of mixing the drug composition in the feed. But the method of feeding the piglets for a long time by mixing the piglets in the feed has better effect from the aspects of convenience in operation and digestion and absorption functions of improving the autoimmunity and gastrointestinal functions of the piglets and improving the feed intake by long-term eating.
On the basis of the above experiment, an expansion test was performed on 260 diarrhea piglets in 5 pig farms in individual towns in Sichuan, the pharmaceutical composition prepared in examples 1 to 4 of the present application was mixed into feed as powder, the powder was used in an amount of 1000 to 1500g of the pharmaceutical composition per 1000Kg of feed twice per day for 5 days continuously, the powder was subsequently used in an amount of 300 to 500g of the pharmaceutical composition per 1000Kg of feed for 4 months, and finally the statistical result showed that the cure rate of piglets was 83%, which is substantially consistent with the small-scale test result.
In conclusion, the product disclosed by the invention adopts the traditional Chinese medicine components to be compounded with probiotics, so that the appetite of animals is increased, the nutrition absorption function of intestines and stomach of the animals is optimized, the medicine absorption rate is improved, the product has the effects of resisting diarrhea strongly, enhancing immunity and resisting bacteria in a broad spectrum, can replace chemical preparations such as sulphaguanidine, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, norfloxacin and the like, is suitable for preventing or treating diarrhea of piglets, weaned pigs and sows and diarrhea caused during various stress periods, and particularly has an obvious treatment effect on piglet diarrhea.
The present invention has been described in terms of specific examples, which are provided to aid understanding of the invention and are not intended to be limiting. Numerous simple deductions, modifications or substitutions may also be made by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings.
Claims (9)
1. The pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating animal diarrhea is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 5-20 parts of acanthopanax, 5-20 parts of myrobalan, 5-15 parts of Chinese pulsatilla root, 5-15 parts of probiotics, 5-15 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis and 5-10 parts of soybean.
2. The pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating diarrhea of animals according to claim 1, wherein the probiotics is one or a mixture of more of clostridium butyricum, lactobacillus and enterococcus faecalis.
3. The pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating animal diarrhea according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of acanthopanax, 20 parts of myrobalan, 10 parts of Chinese pulsatilla root, 10 parts of probiotics, 10 parts of sophora flavescens and 10 parts of soybean.
4. A method for preparing the pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating diarrhea in animals according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, weighing acanthopanax, myrobalan, chinese pulsatilla, probiotics, radix sophorae flavescentis and soybean according to the formula amount;
s2, respectively crushing the acanthopanax, myrobalan, chinese pulsatilla root, radix sophorae flavescentis and soybean, respectively adding water, heating, boiling, extracting, concentrating, drying and crushing to obtain an acanthopanax crude extract, a myrobalan crude extract, a Chinese pulsatilla root crude extract, a radix sophorae flavescentis crude extract and a soybean crude extract;
and S3, sequentially adding the obtained acanthopanax crude extract, myrobalan crude extract, chinese pulsatilla crude extract, sophora flavescens crude extract and soybean crude extract into a reaction container, uniformly stirring and mixing, adding probiotics, and uniformly stirring to obtain a finished product.
5. The method for preparing a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention and treatment of diarrhea in animals according to claim 4, wherein the weight of the added water is 3-5 times of the weight of each component, and the extraction time is 2-3h.
6. The method for preparing a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention and treatment of diarrhea in animals according to claim 4, wherein in the step S2, the volume of the extract after the concentration treatment is reduced to 1/3 to 1/4.
7. The method for preparing a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating animal diarrhea according to claim 4, wherein the particle size of the crude extract of Acanthopanax senticosus, the crude extract of Terminalia chebula, the crude extract of Pulsatilla chinensis, the crude extract of Sophora flavescens and the crude extract of Soy bean obtained in step S2 is 80-100 meshes.
8. The use of the pharmaceutical composition for the prevention and treatment of diarrhea in animals according to claim 1, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is used as a powder mixed with a feed, wherein the preventive amount of the pharmaceutical composition is 300 to 500g and the therapeutic amount of the pharmaceutical composition is 1000 to 1500g per 1000Kg of the feed.
9. The use method of the pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating diarrhea in animals according to claim 1, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is mixed with water to prepare aqua for drenching, wherein the dosage of the pharmaceutical composition is 3-5mg per 1Kg of animal body weight.
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| CN102716213A (en) * | 2012-06-06 | 2012-10-10 | 四川金瑞克动物药业有限公司 | Coptis and radix sophorae flavescentis anti-dysenteric particle as well as preparation method and application of coptis and radix sophorae flavescentis anti-dysenteric particle |
| CN110478397A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-11-22 | 四川成康动物药业有限公司 | Pharmaceutical composition and preparation method thereof for preventing and treating animal diarrhea |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102716213A (en) * | 2012-06-06 | 2012-10-10 | 四川金瑞克动物药业有限公司 | Coptis and radix sophorae flavescentis anti-dysenteric particle as well as preparation method and application of coptis and radix sophorae flavescentis anti-dysenteric particle |
| CN110478397A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-11-22 | 四川成康动物药业有限公司 | Pharmaceutical composition and preparation method thereof for preventing and treating animal diarrhea |
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