CN115530158A - Method for making plant specimen with high-efficiency color retention - Google Patents

Method for making plant specimen with high-efficiency color retention Download PDF

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CN115530158A
CN115530158A CN202211322394.3A CN202211322394A CN115530158A CN 115530158 A CN115530158 A CN 115530158A CN 202211322394 A CN202211322394 A CN 202211322394A CN 115530158 A CN115530158 A CN 115530158A
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plants
color
specimen
plant
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范洋
逯小萌
王丽霞
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Puyang Food And Drug Inspection And Testing Center
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Puyang Food And Drug Inspection And Testing Center
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Priority to CN202410133980.6A priority patent/CN118000192A/en
Publication of CN115530158A publication Critical patent/CN115530158A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N3/00Preservation of plants or parts thereof, e.g. inhibiting evaporation, improvement of the appearance of leaves or protection against physical influences such as UV radiation using chemical compositions; Grafting wax
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2/00Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
    • A61L2/0005Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor for pharmaceuticals, biologicals or living parts
    • A61L2/0011Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor for pharmaceuticals, biologicals or living parts using physical methods
    • A61L2/0029Radiation
    • A61L2/0047Ultraviolet radiation
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09BEDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B23/00Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
    • G09B23/38Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for botany

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  • Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Algebra (AREA)
  • Computational Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
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  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for efficiently preserving the color of a plant specimen, and relates to the technical field of preparation of plant specimens. The invention comprises the following steps: s1: collecting materials: collecting fresh plants or branches without diseases and with complete branches and leaves; s2: material pretreatment: trimming and washing the picked branches and plants; s3: and (3) sterilization: sterilizing the washed plants and branches; s4: preparing a color retention stock solution; s5: and (3) carrying out plant color retention treatment: diluting and heating color-preserving mother liquor to boiling, then putting the sterilized plants and branches into a reaction vessel, continuing to heat, and then taking out the plants and the branches; s6: and (3) freeze drying: placing the plant and the branch after color preservation in a specimen holder, flattening, freezing and drying; s7: film coating specimen: and flattening the freeze-dried plants and branches, and placing the plants and branches into a plastic packaging machine for plastic packaging by using a card protecting film. The plant specimen can keep the leaves green for a long time, and the ornamental value and the research value of the plant specimen are improved.

Description

Method for making plant specimen with high-efficiency color retention
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of plant specimens, in particular to a method for efficiently preserving color of a plant specimen.
Background
The whole plant or a part of the plant is collected and stored for observation at any time, the plant specimen is called a plant specimen, the plant specimen is a teaching material capable of visually expressing the shape and the characteristics of the plant, is a material basis of plant classification work and is an important basis for protecting the quality of the plant and identifying the plant species, and the blue, purple, yellow and red flower series plant specimens are relatively stable in color and not easy to fade in the long-term storage process, but green leaves can be browned, so that many precious specimens lack scientific research values and ornamental values.
The reason why a plant body is green is that chlorophyll is a complex organic compound, and has a metal magnesium atom in the center of its molecular structure, and the reason why chlorophyll is green is that chlorophyll easily fades out from plant leaves due to the core structure containing the magnesium atom, which causes the green color of a plant specimen to fade, and it is necessary to perform color retention treatment on the green leaves of the plant in order to maintain the green color of the leaves for a long time, and therefore, a method for efficiently retaining the color of the plant specimen is required to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provides a method for efficiently preserving the color of a plant specimen, so that the plant specimen can keep green leaves for a long time, and the ornamental value and the research value of the plant specimen are improved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a method for manufacturing a plant specimen with high-efficiency color preservation comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting materials: collecting fresh plants or branches without diseases and with complete branches and leaves;
s2: material pretreatment: trimming or reducing thick stems and thorny stems in the picked branches, partially removing green leaves from thick green leaves in the picked plants according to the growth characteristics of the leaves, and washing the trimmed plants and branches with distilled water;
s3: and (3) sterilization: placing the washed plants and branches under an ultraviolet lamp for sterilization treatment;
s4: preparing a color retention stock solution: adding the copper acetate crystals into 50% glacial acetic acid aqueous solution, heating until the copper acetate crystals are not dissolved, and then cooling the color-preserving stock solution to obtain color-preserving mother solution for later use;
s5: and (3) carrying out plant color retention treatment: pouring 1 part of color-preserving mother liquor into a reaction vessel, adding 3-4 parts of water into the reaction vessel, diluting the color-preserving mother liquor, heating the diluted color-preserving mother liquor to boil, putting the sterilized plants and branches into the reaction vessel, continuously heating, gradually changing the green parts of the plants and the branches into brown, continuously heating, changing the plants and the branches into green again, taking out the plants and the branches, cooling in cold water for 5-10 minutes, fully washing with clear water, and sucking water with absorbent paper;
s6: and (3) freeze drying: placing the color-preserved plants and branches in a specimen folder, flattening, pre-cooling for 10-30 minutes at the temperature of-10 ℃ to-5 ℃, then pre-cooling for 30-60 minutes at the temperature of-15 ℃ to-10 ℃, and drying the pre-cooled plants in vacuum for 15-25 hours;
s7: film coating specimen: and (3) placing the freeze-dried plants and branches on card paper, flattening, and placing into a plastic packaging machine for plastic packaging by using a card protecting film to obtain the color-protected plant specimen.
As an improvement, the sterilization time in the S3 is 20-50 minutes.
As an improvement, the mass ratio of the copper acetate crystals to the glacial acetic acid aqueous solution in the S4 is 1: 1.
As a modification, the reaction vessel in S5 comprises a glass container, a stainless steel container and a ceramic container.
As an improvement, in the S6, when the plants and the branches are placed in the specimen holder, the plants and the branches are firstly placed on the straw paper, the shapes of the plants and the branches are arranged, and the leaves are unfolded.
As an improvement, the thickness of the card paper in the S7 is 0.2-0.4 mm, and the thickness of the card protection film is 0.15-0.20 mm.
As an improvement, the temperature of the plastic packaging card protecting film in the S7 is 150-180 ℃.
After adopting the structure, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention adopts the ultraviolet lamp to sterilize before the preparation of the specimen, the ultraviolet has very strong bactericidal power, can kill various bacteria propagules (including tubercle bacillus), fungi, viruses and bacterial spores with strong resistance to physical and chemical factors, and prolongs the storage time of the specimen;
2. the method has the advantages of simple and convenient technical operation, easily obtained required materials, low cost and short treatment process, and provides theoretical and practical basis for color preservation of green leaves of plant specimens;
3. in the invention, copper acetate crystals are added, and magnesium ions in chlorophyll are replaced by copper ions, so that new chlorophyll molecules which take the copper ions as the center and can be stably stored can be formed, and the green color can be stored for a long time;
4. the invention has wide application range, can be applied to color preservation of green leaves of grass leaf plants, film leaf plants, leather leaf plants and meat leaf plants, has small change of browning rate of leaves after long-time preservation, can realize long-term preservation of the color of the green leaves of plant specimens, and improves the scientific research value, the artistic value and the ornamental value of the plant specimens.
The foregoing summary is provided for the purpose of description only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features of the present invention will be readily apparent by reference to the drawings and following detailed description.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow chart of the method for efficiently preserving color of a plant specimen according to the present invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or technical descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Detailed Description
In the following, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways, all without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature, and not as restrictive.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example one
Collecting fresh plants or branches without diseases and with complete branches and leaves;
trimming or reducing thick stems and thorny stems in the picked branches, partially removing green leaves from thick green leaves in the picked plants according to the growth characteristics of the leaves, and washing the trimmed plants and branches with distilled water;
putting the washed plants and branches under an ultraviolet lamp for sterilization for 20 minutes;
adding copper acetate crystals into 50% glacial acetic acid aqueous solution, wherein the mass ratio of the copper acetate crystals to the glacial acetic acid aqueous solution is 1: 1, heating until the copper acetate crystals and the glacial acetic acid aqueous solution are not dissolved, and then cooling the color-preserving stock solution to obtain color-preserving mother solution for later use;
pouring 1 part of color-preserving mother liquor into a reaction vessel, wherein the reaction vessel is a glass container, adding 3 parts of water into the reaction vessel, diluting the color-preserving mother liquor, heating the diluted color-preserving mother liquor to boiling, then putting the sterilized plants and branches into the reaction vessel, continuing to heat, gradually changing the green parts of the plants and the branches into brown, continuing to heat, changing the plants and the branches into green again, then taking the plants and the branches out, putting the plants and the branches into cold water for cooling for 5 minutes, fully washing the plants and the branches with clear water, and sucking water with absorbent paper;
placing the color-preserved plants and branches in a specimen holder and flattening, placing the plants and the branches on a piece of straw paper when placing the plants and the branches in the specimen holder, finishing the shapes of the plants and the branches, unfolding leaves, precooling for 10 minutes at the temperature of minus 10 ℃, then precooling for 30 minutes at the temperature of minus 15 ℃, and drying the precooled plants for 15 hours in vacuum;
and placing the freeze-dried plants and branches on card paper, wherein the thickness of the card paper is 0.2 mm, flattening, placing the card paper into a plastic packaging machine, and carrying out plastic packaging by using a card protecting film, wherein the thickness of the card protecting film is 0.15 mm, and the temperature of the plastic packaging card protecting film is 150 ℃, so as to obtain the plant specimen after color protection.
Example two
Collecting fresh plants or branches without diseases and with complete branches and leaves;
trimming or cutting thick stems and thorny stems in the picked branches, partially picking off thick green leaves in the picked plants according to the growth characteristics of the leaves, and washing the trimmed plants and branches with distilled water;
putting the washed plants and branches under an ultraviolet lamp for sterilization for 35 minutes;
adding copper acetate crystals into 50% glacial acetic acid aqueous solution, wherein the mass ratio of the copper acetate crystals to the glacial acetic acid aqueous solution is 1: 1, heating until the copper acetate crystals and the glacial acetic acid aqueous solution are not dissolved, and then cooling the color-preserving stock solution to obtain color-preserving mother solution for later use;
pouring 1 part of color-preserving mother liquor into a reaction vessel, wherein the reaction vessel is a stainless steel container, adding 4 parts of water into the reaction vessel, diluting the color-preserving mother liquor, heating the diluted color-preserving mother liquor to boil, then putting the sterilized plants and branches into the reaction vessel, continuing to heat, gradually changing the green parts of the plants and branches into brown, continuing to heat, changing the plants and branches into green again, then taking out the plants and branches, putting the plants and branches into cold water for cooling, wherein the cooling time is 7 minutes, fully washing the plants and branches with clear water, and sucking water with water-absorbing paper;
placing the color-preserved plants and branches in a specimen holder and flattening, placing the plants and the branches on a piece of straw paper when placing the plants and the branches in the specimen holder, finishing the shapes of the plants and the branches, unfolding leaves, precooling for 20 minutes at the temperature of minus 17 ℃, then precooling for 45 minutes at the temperature of minus 13 ℃, and drying the precooled plants for 20 hours in vacuum;
and placing the freeze-dried plants and branches on card paper, wherein the thickness of the card paper is 0.3 mm, flattening, placing the card paper into a plastic packaging machine, and carrying out plastic packaging by using a card protecting film, wherein the thickness of the card protecting film is 0.17 mm, and the temperature of the plastic packaging card protecting film is 170 ℃, so as to obtain the color-protected plant specimen.
EXAMPLE III
Collecting fresh plants or branches without diseases and with complete branches and leaves;
trimming or reducing thick stems and thorny stems in the picked branches, partially removing green leaves from thick green leaves in the picked plants according to the growth characteristics of the leaves, and washing the trimmed plants and branches with distilled water;
putting the washed plants and branches under an ultraviolet lamp for sterilization for 50 minutes;
adding copper acetate crystals into 50% glacial acetic acid aqueous solution, wherein the mass ratio of the copper acetate crystals to the glacial acetic acid aqueous solution is 1: 1, heating until the copper acetate crystals and the glacial acetic acid aqueous solution are not dissolved, and then cooling the color-preserving stock solution to obtain color-preserving mother solution for later use;
pouring 1 part of color retention mother liquor into a reaction vessel, wherein the reaction vessel is a ceramic container, adding 4 parts of water into the reaction vessel, diluting the color retention mother liquor, heating the diluted color retention mother liquor to boiling, then putting the sterilized plants and branches into the reaction vessel, continuing to heat, gradually changing the green parts of the plants and the branches into brown, continuing to heat, changing the plants and the branches into green again, then taking the plants and the branches out, putting the plants and the branches into cold water for cooling, wherein the cooling time is 10 minutes, fully washing the plants and the branches with clear water, and sucking water with water absorption paper;
placing the color-preserved plants and branches in a specimen holder and flattening, placing the plants and the branches on a piece of straw paper when placing the plants and the branches in the specimen holder, finishing the shapes of the plants and the branches, unfolding leaves, precooling for 30 minutes at the temperature of minus 5 ℃, then precooling for 60 minutes at the temperature of minus 10 ℃, and drying the precooled plants for 25 hours in vacuum;
and placing the freeze-dried plants and branches on card paper, wherein the thickness of the card paper is 0.4 mm, flattening, placing the card paper into a plastic packaging machine, and carrying out plastic packaging by using a card protecting film, wherein the thickness of the card protecting film is 0.20 mm, and the temperature of the plastic packaging card protecting film is 180 ℃, so that the plant specimen after color protection can be obtained.
The present invention and its embodiments have been described above, and the description is not intended to be limiting, and the embodiments shown in the drawings are only one of the embodiments of the present invention, and the actual examples are not limited thereto. In summary, those skilled in the art should, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, devise similar structural modes and embodiments without inventively designing them, and shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A method for manufacturing a plant specimen with high-efficiency color preservation is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting materials: collecting fresh plants or branches without diseases and with complete branches and leaves;
s2: material pretreatment: trimming or reducing thick stems and thorny stems in the picked branches, partially removing green leaves from thick green leaves in the picked plants according to the growth characteristics of the leaves, and washing the trimmed plants and branches with distilled water;
s3: and (3) sterilization: placing the washed plants and branches under an ultraviolet lamp for sterilization treatment;
s4: preparing a color retention stock solution: adding the copper acetate crystals into 50% glacial acetic acid aqueous solution, heating until the copper acetate crystals are not dissolved, and then cooling the color-preserving stock solution to obtain color-preserving mother solution for later use;
s5: and (3) carrying out plant color retention treatment: pouring 1 part of color-preserving mother liquor into a reaction vessel, adding 3-4 parts of water into the reaction vessel, diluting the color-preserving mother liquor, heating the diluted color-preserving mother liquor to boiling, then putting the sterilized plants and branches into the reaction vessel, continuing to heat, gradually changing the green parts of the plants and the branches into brown, continuing to heat, changing the plants and the branches into green again, then taking the plants and the branches out, putting the plants and the branches into cold water for cooling for 5-10 minutes, fully washing the plants and the branches with clear water, and sucking water with absorbent paper;
s6: and (3) freeze drying: placing the color-preserved plants and branches in a specimen folder, flattening, pre-cooling for 10-30 minutes at the temperature of-10 ℃ to-5 ℃, then pre-cooling for 30-60 minutes at the temperature of-15 ℃ to-10 ℃, and drying the pre-cooled plants in vacuum for 15-25 hours;
s7: film coating specimen: and placing the freeze-dried plants and branches on card paper, flattening, and placing into a plastic packaging machine for plastic packaging by using a card protection film to obtain the color-protected plant specimen.
2. The method for preparing the plant specimen with high-efficiency color preservation according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the sterilization time in the S3 is 20-50 minutes.
3. The method for preparing the plant specimen with high-efficiency color preservation according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the mass ratio of the copper acetate crystal to the glacial acetic acid aqueous solution in the S4 is 1: 1.
4. The method for preparing the plant specimen with high-efficiency color preservation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reaction vessel in S5 comprises a glass container, a stainless steel container and a ceramic container.
5. The method for preparing the plant specimen with high-efficiency color preservation according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the S6, when the plants and the branches are placed in the specimen holder, the plants and the branches are placed on the straw paper, the shapes of the plants and the branches are arranged, and the leaves are unfolded.
6. The method for preparing the plant specimen with high-efficiency color preservation according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the thickness of the card paper in the S7 is 0.2-0.4 mm, and the thickness of the card protection film is 0.15-0.20 mm.
7. The method for preparing the plant specimen with high-efficiency color preservation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the temperature of the plastic packaging card protecting film in the S7 is 150-180 ℃.
CN202211322394.3A 2022-10-27 2022-10-27 Method for making plant specimen with high-efficiency color retention Pending CN115530158A (en)

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CN202410133980.6A CN118000192A (en) 2022-10-27 2022-10-27 Manufacturing method for efficient color retention of plant specimens

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1214202A (en) * 1997-10-14 1999-04-21 陈军 Making method of plant specimen with covered color-protecting film
CN101925298A (en) * 2008-04-01 2010-12-22 三得利控股株式会社 Method of producing color-unchangeable dry flowers from easily color-changeable flowers
CN104472475A (en) * 2014-11-25 2015-04-01 贵州大自然科技有限公司 Vacuum freezing process of palm buds
CN107027745A (en) * 2017-04-24 2017-08-11 浙江海洋大学 A kind of preparation method of plant colouring sample
CN110432262A (en) * 2019-07-10 2019-11-12 浙江海洋大学 A kind of preparation of waxed plant leaves sample and store method
CN111721073A (en) * 2020-06-22 2020-09-29 银谷玫瑰科技有限公司 Vacuum freeze-drying rose flower process
CN112640893A (en) * 2020-12-16 2021-04-13 赣南树木园 Manufacturing method of sightseeing wood color-preserving specimen

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1214202A (en) * 1997-10-14 1999-04-21 陈军 Making method of plant specimen with covered color-protecting film
CN101925298A (en) * 2008-04-01 2010-12-22 三得利控股株式会社 Method of producing color-unchangeable dry flowers from easily color-changeable flowers
CN104472475A (en) * 2014-11-25 2015-04-01 贵州大自然科技有限公司 Vacuum freezing process of palm buds
CN107027745A (en) * 2017-04-24 2017-08-11 浙江海洋大学 A kind of preparation method of plant colouring sample
CN110432262A (en) * 2019-07-10 2019-11-12 浙江海洋大学 A kind of preparation of waxed plant leaves sample and store method
CN111721073A (en) * 2020-06-22 2020-09-29 银谷玫瑰科技有限公司 Vacuum freeze-drying rose flower process
CN112640893A (en) * 2020-12-16 2021-04-13 赣南树木园 Manufacturing method of sightseeing wood color-preserving specimen

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Application publication date: 20221230