CN115521168A - Biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115521168A
CN115521168A CN202211119346.4A CN202211119346A CN115521168A CN 115521168 A CN115521168 A CN 115521168A CN 202211119346 A CN202211119346 A CN 202211119346A CN 115521168 A CN115521168 A CN 115521168A
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organic fertilizer
parts
content
bio
manure
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Inventor
萨如拉
其日格
张笑妹
李虹
王亮明
高红霞
张丽清
张艺
路平
王志勇
王思明
崔超敏
李建军
余跃
闫芳
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Baotou Institute Of Agriculture And Animal Husbandry Science And Technology
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Baotou Institute Of Agriculture And Animal Husbandry Science And Technology
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Priority to CN202211119346.4A priority Critical patent/CN115521168A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/70—Controlling the treatment in response to process parameters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Abstract

The invention provides a biological organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, relating to the technical field of biological fertilizers. The biological organic fertilizer provided by the invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of lignite, 30-50 parts of livestock manure, 10-30 parts of bovine bone meal and 1-5 parts of BM bacteria. The invention obtains the biological organic fertilizer by fermenting the raw materials under the anaerobic condition, wherein the content of free humic acid is more than 15 percent, the content of organic matters is more than 35 percent, the active calcium of animals is 2.38 percent, and the beneficial flora is more than 5 hundred million/g. The bio-organic fertilizer can improve the content of organic matters in soil, improve the soil structure, and meanwhile can dissolve phosphorus and potassium, thereby improving the utilization rate of the fertilizer; on the other hand, the stress resistance of the crops, particularly the saline-alkali resistance and the drought resistance are improved, so that the yield of the crops is finally improved, and the quality is improved.

Description

Biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biological fertilizers, in particular to a biological organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The organic fertilizer is mainly derived from plants and/or animals, is prepared from carbon-containing materials which are applied to soil to provide plant nutrition as main functions, is processed by biological substances, animal and plant wastes and plant residues, eliminates toxic and harmful substances in the organic fertilizer, and is rich in a large amount of beneficial substances, and comprises: the organic acid fertilizer has the advantages that various organic acids and peptides and rich nutrient elements including nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium can provide comprehensive nutrition for crops, the fertilizer efficiency is long, soil organic matters can be increased and updated, the microbial propagation is promoted, the physical and chemical properties and the biological activity of soil are improved, and the organic acid fertilizer is a main nutrient for green food production.
For northern soil, active calcium is deficient in the soil, most plants have difficulty in absorbing calcium, and plant growth is easy to generate diseases, such as tomato calcium deficiency and navel rot. Although the traditional biological organic fertilizer contains nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and organic matters, the microbial community is single, the content of active calcium energy and humic acid is low, and the fertilizer efficiency and the soil improvement effect are limited. Therefore, there is a need for a bio-organic fertilizer with high fertilizer efficiency and better improvement effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a biological organic fertilizer which can improve the content of organic matters and active calcium in soil, improve the soil structure, dissolve phosphorus and potassium and improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a biological organic fertilizer which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of lignite, 30-50 parts of livestock manure, 10-30 parts of animal bone powder and 1-5 parts of BM bacteria.
Preferably, the livestock manure is one or more of cow manure, sheep manure, pig manure and duck manure.
Preferably, the animal bone powder is selected from one of bovine bone powder, pig bone powder and fishbone powder.
Preferably, the viable count of the BM bacteria is 1 × 10 11 ～1.5×10 11 One per kilogram.
Preferably, the content of free humic acid in the bio-organic fertilizer is more than 15%, the content of organic matters is more than 35%, the content of animal active calcium is 2% -5%, and the content of beneficial flora is more than 5 hundred million/g.
The invention provides a preparation method of a biological organic fertilizer, which comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the raw materials of lignite, livestock and poultry manure, animal bone meal and BM microbial inoculum according to the weight parts, adjusting humidity, and performing anaerobic fermentation to obtain the bio-organic fertilizer.
Preferably, the humidity is 40 to 80%.
Preferably, the fermentation time is 35 to 55 days.
Preferably, the fermentation temperature is 50 to 75 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
(1) The invention utilizes lignite, bone meal, livestock manure and BM bacteria to generate humic acid, animal active calcium, small molecular peptide and beneficial flora under the anaerobic condition. Through detection, the content of free humic acid in the prepared bio-organic fertilizer is more than 15%, the content of organic matters is more than 35%, the content of animal active calcium is 2-5%, and the content of beneficial bacteria is more than 5 hundred million/g. The biological organic fertilizer can improve the content of soil organic matters, improve the soil structure, decompose phosphorus and potassium, improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer and enable plants to directly absorb calcium; on the other hand, the stress resistance of the crops, particularly the saline-alkali resistance and the drought resistance are improved, so that the yield of the crops is finally improved, and the quality is improved.
(2) The biological organic fertilizer is used for corn cultivation, and results show that the yield per mu of corn reaches 1191.12 kilograms, is increased by 13.43 percent compared with the control mu, is increased by 5.60 percent compared with the application organic fertilizer mu, and is increased by 4.64 percent compared with the conventional production organic fertilizer mu; the volume weight of the corn reaches 745g/L, which is 14g/L higher than that of the conventional biological organic fertilizer.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a biological organic fertilizer which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of lignite, 30-50 parts of livestock manure, 10-30 parts of animal bone powder and 1-5 parts of BM bacteria. Preferably, 35 to 45 parts of lignite, 35 to 45 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 15 to 25 parts of animal bone powder and 2 to 3 parts of BM. The source of the raw materials is not particularly limited in the present invention.
In the invention, the livestock manure is selected from one or more of cow manure, sheep manure, pig manure and duck manure. The livestock and poultry manure contains a large amount of nutrient components such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like necessary for the growth of crops and a large amount of organic matters, thereby providing a nutritional basis for the growth of the crops.
In the invention, the animal bone powder is selected from one of bovine bone powder, pig bone powder and fishbone powder. The animal bone powder contains a large amount of calcium and phosphorus elements, and the content of active calcium in the biological organic fertilizer obtained by anaerobic fermentation of the animal bone powder and other raw material components in the invention under the action of EM bacteria is 2-5%, which is beneficial to plant absorption.
In the invention, the viable count of BM bacteria is 1 × 10 11 ～1.5×10 11 One per kilogram. BM bacteria are a class of bacteria capable of photosynthesis. According to the invention, the fermentation material is added with BM bacteria to promote lignite fermentation to generate organic matters and humic acid, so that the content of beneficial bacteria in the organic fertilizer is increased; the BM bacteria can accelerate the fermentation reaction of the excrement of the livestock and poultry, generate nutrient components and organic matters such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like required by the growth of plants, effectively kill harmful pathogenic bacteria, parasitic ova, weed seeds and the like in the fermentation product, and can promote the degradation of animal bone meal to generate active calcium components beneficial to the absorption of the plants. The content of free humic acid in the bio-organic fertilizer is more than 15%, the content of organic matters is more than 35%, the content of animal active calcium is 2-5%, and the content of beneficial bacteria is more than 5 hundred million/g. In the present invention, the source of the BM bacteria is not particularly limited. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the BM bacteria are purchased from Italy Biotechnology, inc.
In the invention, the content of free humic acid in the bio-organic fertilizer is more than 15%, the content of organic matters is more than 35%, the content of animal active calcium is 2-5%, and the content of beneficial bacteria is more than 5 hundred million/g.
The invention provides a preparation method of a biological organic fertilizer, which comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the raw materials of lignite, livestock and poultry manure, animal bone meal and BM microbial inoculum according to the weight parts, adjusting humidity, and performing anaerobic fermentation to obtain the bio-organic fertilizer.
In the present invention, the humidity is 40 to 80%. Preferably, the humidity is 50% -75%; more preferably, the humidity is 65 to 70%. In the invention, the humidity regulation is beneficial to fermentation and metabolic reaction of the microbial agent, and the microbial agent and other materials are promoted to generate more and more beneficial nutrient elements.
In the present invention, the fermentation time is 35 to 55 days. Preferably, the fermentation time is 40 to 50 days. In the invention, the fermentation time can ensure complete fermentation of the materials, particularly fully ferment the lignite, the livestock and poultry manure and the animal bone meal, promote the metabolism of a microbial agent and improve the nutrient content of the fermented materials.
In the invention, the fermentation temperature is 50-75 ℃. Preferably, the fermentation temperature is 60 to 70 ℃. In the invention, the fermentation temperature can promote the metabolic reaction of BM bacteria, is beneficial to the survival of beneficial flora, and can kill pathogenic bacteria, parasitic ova and the like in the fermentation product.
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of lignite, 40 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 20 parts of animal bone powder and 2 parts of BM bacteria.
Example 2
A bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of lignite, 45 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 15 parts of animal bone powder and 1 part of BM bacteria.
Example 3
A bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of lignite, 20 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 30 parts of animal bone powder and 5 parts of BM bacteria.
Example 4
A preparation method of a biological organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: the biological organic fertilizer is prepared by uniformly mixing lignite, livestock and poultry manure, animal bone meal and BM microbial inoculum according to the weight parts of the raw materials in the embodiment 1, adjusting the humidity to 60%, and performing anaerobic fermentation for 40 days after the fermentation temperature is 60 ℃.
Example 5
Different from the embodiment 4, the raw materials are mixed according to the weight part in the embodiment 2, and the rest steps are not changed.
Example 6
Different from the embodiment 4, the raw materials are mixed according to the weight part in the embodiment 3, and the rest steps are not changed.
Example 7
In contrast to example 4, the humidity was adjusted to 40% and the remaining steps were unchanged.
Example 8
In contrast to example 4, the humidity was adjusted to 70% and the remaining steps were unchanged.
Example 9
Unlike example 4, the fermentation time was 35 days, the fermentation temperature was 75 ℃, and the remaining steps were unchanged.
Example 10
Unlike example 4, the fermentation time was 55 days, the fermentation temperature was 50 ℃ and the remaining steps were unchanged.
Example 11
Test crops: corn of variety dicaka 159;
test site: east river region Sha Erqin town bailagai village.
And (3) experimental setting: soil texture, fertility level and cultivation management are representative, soil fertility and fertility are uniform, and a fertility terrain flat area is selected as a test field. Large area comparative tests were used. The area of each treatment area in the test area is more than 1 mu. Each treatment zone was randomly arranged. CK is used as a control, and no organic fertilizer is applied; the treatment 1 is to apply 120 kg of organic fertilizer (prepared by fermenting cattle and sheep manure, the content of organic matters is more than 45 percent, the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is more than 5 percent, and the organic fertilizer is purchased from Baokang fertilizer industry Limited company in Baotou city); the treatment 2 is to apply 120 kg of biological organic fertilizer per mu (formed by fermenting common cattle and sheep manure, the content of organic matters is more than 45 percent, the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is more than 5 percent, the number of effective viable bacteria is more than or equal to 2 million, and the biological organic fertilizer is purchased from Nippon Biotech Limited liability company of inner Mongolia); treatment 3 is to apply 120 kg of the bio-organic fertilizer of the invention in example 4 per mu.
Except the fertilizing amount of each treatment area, the operation contents, time and planting density of other farming are completely consistent.
Harvest test yield
Randomly sampling 5m of each test area land according to the belt line, sampling three points according to the diagonal line, and carrying out field test production; weighing all the spike weights at each point, accurately counting all the spike numbers, and calculating the average fresh spike weight; selecting 10 ears as a sample, and enabling the sample weight to be = the average ear weight multiplied by 10 ears; measuring the weight of the grains, the water content (%) of the grains and the volume weight of the grains after all samples are threshed; the moisture content of the seeds is measured by a national standard and calibrated seed moisture tester (PM-8188), and the actual yield is calculated according to the national standard moisture content of 14.0%.
TABLE 1 table for testing and production of bio-organic fertilizer
Figure BDA0003844397690000051
Figure BDA0003844397690000061
As can be seen from the table 1, the result of the experiment of the bio-organic fertilizer obtained in the embodiment 4 of the invention on corn shows that the yield per mu of corn can reach 1191.12 kg by applying the bio-organic fertilizer of the embodiment 4 of the invention, the yield is increased by 13.43% compared with that of the control mu, the yield is increased by 5.60% compared with that of the conventional bio-organic fertilizer, and the yield is increased by 4.64% compared with that of the conventional bio-organic fertilizer; the volume weight of the corn reaches 745g/L, which is 14g/L higher than that of the conventional biological organic fertilizer. Experiments show that the bio-organic fertilizer prepared by the invention can improve the crop yield and improve the quality of crops.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The bio-organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of lignite, 30-50 parts of livestock manure, 10-30 parts of animal bone powder and 1-5 parts of BM bacteria.
2. The bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the livestock manure is one or more selected from cow manure, sheep manure, pig manure and duck manure.
3. The bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the animal bone powder is selected from one of bovine bone powder, pig bone powder and fishbone powder.
4. The bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the viable count of BM bacteria is 1 x 10 11 ～1.5×10 11 One per kilogram.
5. The bio-organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the content of free humic acid in the bio-organic fertilizer is more than 15%, the content of organic matter is more than 35%, the content of animal active calcium is 2% -5%, and the content of beneficial flora is more than 5 hundred million/g.
6. The preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps: the biological organic fertilizer is prepared by uniformly mixing lignite, livestock and poultry manure, animal bone meal and BM microbial inoculum according to the weight part of the raw materials in the claim 1, adjusting humidity and then carrying out anaerobic fermentation.
7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the humidity is 40 to 80%.
8. The method according to claim 5, wherein the fermentation time is 35 to 55 days.
9. The method according to claim 5, wherein the fermentation temperature is 50 to 75 ℃.
CN202211119346.4A 2022-09-14 2022-09-14 Biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof Pending CN115521168A (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1580003A (en) * 2003-08-15 2005-02-16 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 Multi-element nutrient organic compound fertilizer and its preparing method
CN101209933A (en) * 2006-12-27 2008-07-02 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 Refined biological organic fertilizer and its preparing process
CN108911812A (en) * 2018-10-08 2018-11-30 西藏农牧学院 A kind of eutrophication organic fertilizer particles

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1580003A (en) * 2003-08-15 2005-02-16 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 Multi-element nutrient organic compound fertilizer and its preparing method
CN101209933A (en) * 2006-12-27 2008-07-02 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 Refined biological organic fertilizer and its preparing process
CN108911812A (en) * 2018-10-08 2018-11-30 西藏农牧学院 A kind of eutrophication organic fertilizer particles

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