CN115519855A - 一种耐火线用耐火云母带的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供一种耐火线用耐火云母带的制备方法,涉及云母带制备领域。该耐火线用耐火云母带的制备方法,包括如下制备步骤,S1:分别将07硅橡胶、MQ硅树脂与甲苯搅拌溶解,加入催化剂、硅烷偶联剂和的稳定剂,得到有机硅粘合剂,S2:将玻璃纤维置于高锰酸钾溶液中加热,处理后的改性玻璃纤维,S3:在有机硅粘合剂中加入BPO,稀释成溶液后涂抹在改性玻璃纤维和云母纸上,放入烘箱硫化,S4:将云母纸热压成型,冷却后收卷分切得到云母带。本发明简化了制备工艺,提高制备效率,同时采用特殊工艺制成的有机硅粘合剂,增强了云母带后期的成品质量,可以减少云母带成盘开卷黏连、抽丝、断裂的问题,更好地满足云母带的使用需求。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及云母带制备领域,具体为一种耐火线用耐火云母带的制备方法。
背景技术
耐火云母带是由云母纸与玻纤布通过粘合剂粘接在一起制成,广泛应用于电机绝缘和电缆领域,云母带所用的粘合剂品种对其耐热绝缘性影响较大,早期的云母带用粘合剂常用虫胶、沥青等天然树脂,随后发展为聚酯树脂、环氧树脂,但都不能完全满足耐火云母带在粘接、电绝缘、燃烧不碳化、耐热、收缩性小、阻燃、柔软等方面的要求。
与上述产品相比,有机硅粘合剂具有固体质量分数稳定、粘接性强、绝缘阻燃、耐热等优点,其所制云母带的柔软性和分盘性好,是一种适用于玻纤补强耐火云母带的优良粘合剂,但目前有的产品在用于云母带后会出现云母带成盘开卷黏连、抽丝、断裂的问题,影响后续的正常使用,且目前制造工艺较为复杂,难以满足高效率的制备需求。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明提供了一种耐火线用耐火云母带的制备方法,解决了现有制造工艺复杂,且成品云母带成盘开卷黏连、抽丝、断裂的问题。
为实现以上目的,本发明通过以下技术方案予以实现:一种耐火线用耐火云母带的制备方法,所述制备工艺包括如下步骤:
S1:分别将07硅橡胶、MQ硅树脂与甲苯按一定质量比加入到混料槽中搅拌均匀并溶解,随后加入催化剂,将混料槽加热使其回流缩聚反应,最后加入的硅烷偶联剂和的稳定剂,得到无色透明的有机硅粘合剂液体;
S2:将玻璃纤维置于高锰酸钾溶液中加热,加热后浸泡在钛酸酯偶联剂中得到处理后的玻璃纤维,处理后的玻璃纤维与环氧树脂混合并加热制得改性玻璃纤维;
S3:将步骤S1得到的有机硅粘合剂中加入BPO,用甲苯溶剂稀释成固体质量分数为12%的溶液,测试黏度后,涂抹在步骤S2得到的改性玻璃纤维和云母纸上,放入烘箱硫化;
S4:将云母纸从烘箱中取出,并放入热压机中热压成型,冷却至室温后,收卷分切即可得到成品云母带。
优选的,所述步骤S1中搅拌溶解时间为10min,加热温度为125℃,回流缩聚时间为4h。
优选的,所述步骤S1中催化剂种类为四甲基氢氧化氨碱胶、乙二胺、三乙胺、N,N二甲基环己胺、N甲基苯胺、间苯甲胺、二甲胺盐酸盐、N,N二甲基苯胺中的一种或多种,加入量为0.2%-0.3%,所述稳定剂种类为异丙醇和六甲基二硅氮铵中的一种,加入量为3%-5%。
优选的,所述步骤S2中,玻璃纤维与高锰酸钾溶液的体积比为1:1-2。
优选的,所述步骤S3中,BPO的相对体量为3%,所述黏度测试采用旋转粘度计测试,黏度小于100mPa·s为合格,所述硫化温度为120℃-150℃,烘干时间为5-10min。
优选的,所述步骤S4中,热压温度为140℃-180℃,热压时间为1.5-2h。
本发明提供了一种耐火线用耐火云母带的制备方法。具备以下有益效果:
1、本发明简化了制备工艺,省去了传统制备过程中的研磨和静置工艺,大大节约了制备时间,提高制备效率。
2、本发明通过采用特殊工艺制成的有机硅粘合剂,增强了云母带后期的成品质量,可以大大减少云母带成盘开卷黏连、抽丝、断裂的问题,更好地满足云母带的使用需求。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例:
本发明实施例提供一种耐火线用耐火云母带的制备方法,制备工艺包括如下步骤:
S1:分别将07硅橡胶、MQ硅树脂与甲苯按一定质量比加入到混料槽中搅拌均匀并溶解,随后加入催化剂,将混料槽加热使其回流缩聚反应,最后加入的硅烷偶联剂和的稳定剂,得到无色透明的有机硅粘合剂液体;
S2:将玻璃纤维置于高锰酸钾溶液中加热,加热后浸泡在钛酸酯偶联剂中得到处理后的玻璃纤维,处理后的玻璃纤维与环氧树脂混合并加热制得改性玻璃纤维;
S3:将步骤S1得到的有机硅粘合剂中加入BPO,用甲苯溶剂稀释成固体质量分数为12%的溶液,测试黏度后,涂抹在步骤S2得到的改性玻璃纤维和云母纸上,放入烘箱硫化;
S4:将云母纸从烘箱中取出,并放入热压机中热压成型,冷却至室温后,收卷分切即可得到成品云母带。
本实施例中,步骤S1中搅拌溶解时间为10min,加热温度为125℃,回流缩聚时间为4h,步骤S1中催化剂种类为四甲基氢氧化氨碱胶、乙二胺、三乙胺、N,N二甲基环己胺、N甲基苯胺、间苯甲胺、二甲胺盐酸盐、N,N二甲基苯胺中的一种或多种,加入量为0.2%-0.3%,稳定剂种类为异丙醇和六甲基二硅氮铵中的一种,加入量为3%-5%,步骤S2中,玻璃纤维与高锰酸钾溶液的体积比为1:1-2,步骤S3中,BPO的相对体量为3%,黏度测试采用旋转粘度计测试,黏度小于100mPa·s为合格,硫化温度为120℃-150℃,烘干时间为5-10min,步骤S4中,热压温度为140℃-180℃,热压时间为1.5-2h。
具体的,以107硅橡胶和MQ硅树脂的总质量作为反应后有效成分的质量,在四甲基氢氧化铵碱胶用量(占有效成分的质量分数)为50×10-6,硅烷偶联剂KH550用量为3%,甲苯与有效成分的质量比为7:3的条件下,采用不同用量的MQ硅树脂于125℃回流反应4h,研究了MQ硅树脂用量对有机硅粘合剂性能的影响,结果见表1:
表1:MQ硅树脂用量对粘合剂性能的影响
(注:随“+”增多,表示干爽度逐渐增加)
由表1可以当MQ硅树脂用量为30%~55%时,随着MQ硅树脂用量的增加,有机硅粘合剂制备的云母带厚度逐渐减小,用胶量减少,外观由粘合不均匀、有气泡、抽丝、易断裂逐渐转变为粘合均匀、无气泡、平整、不易断裂,此外因为107硅橡胶上的羟基被大量球状的MQ硅树脂封端,分子链增长缓慢,会导致黏度明显减小。
由表1还可见,随着MQ硅树脂用量的增加,涂在铺有玻纤布的云母纸上经BPO硫化后的胶膜呈现出干爽和粘接牢固的状态,这一现象与高群等人的研究结果相吻合,即随着MQ硅树脂用量的增加,胶膜粘接强度增大,持粘性降低;而当MQ硅树脂用量过高时(如高于75%),胶膜会变得无粘性且脆。
综合考虑成本和性能,本实施例优选MQ硅树脂用量为40%-45%。
此外,在MQ硅树脂用量为40%-45%,添加一定量的甲苯,与125℃回流反应4h,观察不同甲苯用量的粘合剂样品外观,结果见表2:
表2:甲苯用量对粘合剂外观的影响
样品编号 | 甲苯用量 | 外观 |
1 | 70 | 无色透明液体 |
2 | 40 | 泛白光均匀液体,轻微雾状 |
3 | 70 | 泛白光均匀液体,轻微雾状 |
(注:样品1的固体质量分数为30%;样品2的固体质量分数为60%,样品3由样品2添加甲苯稀释至固体质量分数为30%)
由表2可见,样品2为泛白光均匀液体,轻微雾状、不透亮,采用甲苯将其稀释至固体质量分数为30%后(样品3),外观无明显变化,样品1为无色透明液体,对比样品1和样品3的外观可见,当反应中的甲苯质量分数较高时,有利于MQ硅树脂和107硅橡胶在体系中的分散和溶解,物质分散得越好,越容易反应,如果溶解不充分,MQ硅树脂和107硅橡胶的反应将会受到影响,产物易发白,甚至呈雾状,影响外观,综合考虑,本实施例优选的甲苯与有效成分的质量比为7:3。
此外,在MQ硅树脂用量为40%-45%,甲苯与有效成分的质量比为7:3的条件下,与125℃回流反应4h,制得固体质量分数为30%的有机硅粘合剂,研究了硅烷偶联剂品种对粘合剂性能的影响,结果见表3:
表3:硅烷偶联剂对粘合剂性能的影响
(注:硅烷偶联剂用量为3%)
由表3可见,添加硅烷偶联剂后,云母带干爽程度和粘结牢固度提高,其中,加入KH550的有机硅粘合剂制备的云母带的干爽度和粘结牢固度比添加KH 560、KH 570的更好,综合考虑,本实验优选的硅烷偶联剂为KH550。
此外,在MQ硅树脂用量为40%-45%,甲苯与有效成分的质量比为7:3,硅烷偶联剂种类选择为KH550的情况下,添加不同品种的稳定剂,稳定剂的优选剂量为3%,与125℃回流反应4h,研究了稳定剂品种对有机硅云母带粘合剂性能的影响,结果见表4:
表4:稳定剂对粘合剂性能的影响
由表4可见,添加异丙醇或六甲基二硅氮烷,都能使有机硅粘合剂在一定时间内保持稳定状态,不添加稳定剂时则易交联,甚至变成固体,此外,含有六甲基二硅氮烷的体系在稀释和加入BPO后,略微呈现雾状,但并不影响使用,云母带仍然表现为干爽、粘接牢固,但在对外观、气味要求严格的领域应用时则应选择异丙醇作为稳定剂。
综上,MQ硅树脂在固体有效成分(MQ硅树脂与107硅橡胶)中的质量分数为40%,甲苯与固体有效成分的质量比为7∶3,硅烷偶联剂KH550用量为 3%,稳定剂为异丙醇且用量为3%的情况下,制得的有机硅粘合剂最适合,后期制得的云母带的外观、性能最优。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (6)
1.一种耐火线用耐火云母带的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备工艺包括如下步骤:
S1:分别将07硅橡胶、MQ硅树脂与甲苯按一定质量比加入到混料槽中搅拌均匀并溶解,随后加入催化剂,将混料槽加热使其回流缩聚反应,最后加入的硅烷偶联剂和的稳定剂,得到无色透明的有机硅粘合剂液体;
S2:将玻璃纤维置于高锰酸钾溶液中加热,加热后浸泡在钛酸酯偶联剂中得到处理后的玻璃纤维,处理后的玻璃纤维与环氧树脂混合并加热制得改性玻璃纤维;
S3:将步骤S1得到的有机硅粘合剂中加入BPO,用甲苯溶剂稀释成固体质量分数为12%的溶液,测试黏度后,涂抹在步骤S2得到的改性玻璃纤维和云母纸上,放入烘箱硫化;
S4:将云母纸从烘箱中取出,并放入热压机中热压成型,冷却至室温后,收卷分切即可得到成品云母带。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐火线用耐火云母带的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤S1中搅拌溶解时间为10min,加热温度为125℃,回流缩聚时间为4h。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐火线用耐火云母带的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤S1中催化剂种类为四甲基氢氧化氨碱胶、乙二胺、三乙胺、N,N二甲基环己胺、N甲基苯胺、间苯甲胺、二甲胺盐酸盐、N,N二甲基苯胺中的一种或多种,加入量为0.2%-0.3%,所述稳定剂种类为异丙醇和六甲基二硅氮铵中的一种,加入量为3%-5%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐火线用耐火云母带的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤S2中,玻璃纤维与高锰酸钾溶液的体积比为1:1-2。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐火线用耐火云母带的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤S3中,BPO的相对体量为3%,所述黏度测试采用旋转粘度计测试,黏度小于100mPa·s为合格,所述硫化温度为120℃-150℃,烘干时间为5-10min。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐火线用耐火云母带的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤S4中,热压温度为140℃-180℃,热压时间为1.5-2h。
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