CN115517150A - Method for preparing ecological matrix by using tunnel slurry - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
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- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
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- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
- A01G24/35—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds containing water-absorbing polymers
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing an ecological matrix by using tunnel slurry, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: dehydrating the tunnel slurry by using a slurry filter-pressing dehydrator; adding nutrient substances and straws into the dehydrated slurry, and performing high-temperature fermentation treatment to prepare an ecological substrate; adding water-retaining agent, soil adhesive and plant seeds into the ecological substrate, uniformly mixing, and spraying. The invention enables the tunnel slurry to be recycled and treated harmlessly; the selected plants have long growth years, developed root systems, strong durability, high covering speed, large coverage, barren resistance, cold resistance, high temperature resistance, high disease and insect pest resistance and obvious water and soil conservation effect; spraying, sowing and growing, reinforcing the dike and preserving soil, and strengthening the shallow surface slope to achieve the effects of preventing rainwater erosion, controlling water and soil loss and keeping the slope stable; the greening and protection of the slope outside the highway tunnel are carried out by combining plants, the ecological environment of engineering construction is greatly improved, and good economic, social and environmental benefits are created.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering waste harmless treatment, and particularly relates to a method for preparing an ecological matrix by using tunnel slurry.
Background
The highway tunnel can generate a large amount of slurry in the operation process, has the characteristics of high viscosity, small and large solid particles, short construction period and the like, and can cause great pollution to the environment if any discharge is not processed. At present, the tunnel slurry treatment mode is that the slurry is transported outside a sealed tank to a place allowed by an environmental protection department and abandoned, and the slurry is treated by methods such as gravity sedimentation, physical screening or chemical flocculation, the sandy soil and the water in the slurry are separated, then the sandy soil is transported outside and treated, and then the sewage is treated until the sewage reaches the standard and then is discharged to a city pipe network.
The adoption of the sedimentation treatment needs to occupy partial land and has lower efficiency, the water content of the drilling slag which is cleared and taken out from the sedimentation tank is high, and the slurry is easy to overflow, thereby causing the public hazards of severe construction environment, environmental pollution or water quality pollution and the like. With the continuous enhancement of civilization consciousness and environmental protection consciousness of modern society, the brought environmental problems are more and more concerned, and the mud treatment technology and the related mechanical equipment are more and more.
At present, no ideal method generally accepted on the problem of tunnel slurry treatment exists. For example, a slurry innocent treatment device and a slurry treatment method (CN 105481226A) propose to treat slurry by a slurry collecting tank, a slurry distributor, a reaction pipeline, a dilution barrel, a dosing pipe, a laminated spiral filter pressing device, a sedimentation tank, a conveyer belt and other devices, and the method has more required equipment for treatment and complicated procedures. A process (CN 115028382A) for preparing fluidized treatment soil based on recovered sludge is provided, which detects and screens the sludge, then carries out solidification treatment, and finally obtains the fluidized treatment soil, thereby achieving the purpose of recycling the sludge. These methods are limited to the direct treatment of the slurry, and there is no method for utilizing the treated slurry, so it is necessary to find a method capable of effectively treating the slurry and perfecting the subsequent treatment of the slurry.
Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, a method for preparing an ecological substrate using tunnel slurry is proposed herein.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention designs a method for preparing an ecological substrate by using tunnel slurry, which is beneficial to improving the utilization rate of the tunnel slurry and reducing environmental pollution; the wheat straw and the nutrient substances are added to participate in the preparation of the ecological substrate, so that the resource utilization of the crop straw can be achieved; the prepared ecological substrate can be used for greening highway slope protection nearby without influencing the ecology; the highway tunnel slurry, the wheat straw and the like are selected in the whole process, and the method has the advantages of convenient material taking and simple operation; the prepared ecological substrate has the characteristics of sufficient nutrients, fertilizer and water retention and good permeability.
In order to achieve the technical effects, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method for preparing ecological substrates by using tunnel slurry is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, transporting tunnel slurry generated in the process of digging a highway tunnel to the outside of the tunnel, and dehydrating by using a slurry filter-pressing dehydrator;
s2, adding nutrient substances and straws into the dehydrated slurry, and performing high-temperature fermentation treatment to prepare an ecological substrate;
and S3, adding a water-retaining agent, a soil adhesive and plant seeds into the ecological matrix, uniformly mixing, and carrying out spray sowing.
Further, the dehydration rate of the tunnel slurry in the S1 is 45-60%.
Further, the nutrient substances added in the S2 are chicken manure and ferrous sulfate, and the mass ratio of the chicken manure to the ferrous sulfate is 1:0.01-0.05.
Furthermore, the straws in the S2 are subjected to insolation for 3-5 days after being harvested, and are crushed after being dried, wherein the particle size of the crushed straws is 3-6mm.
Further, the temperature of the high-temperature fermentation in the S2 is 60-70 ℃, and the fermentation period is 15-20 days.
Further, in the S2, the volume ratio of the dehydrated slurry, the crushed straws and the nutrient substances is 6:2:2.
further, the plant seeds in S3 are corolla, zoysia japonica and bermudagrass, and the mixing ratio is 5:3:2.
further, the water-retaining agent in S3 is 2% of potassium polyacrylate.
The beneficial effects of the invention are:
the invention solves the problem of tunnel slurry treatment, and the tunnel slurry is recycled and treated harmlessly; the selected plants have long growth years, developed root systems, strong durability, high covering speed, large coverage, barren resistance, cold resistance, high temperature resistance, high disease and pest resistance and remarkable water and soil conservation effect; spraying, sowing and growing, reinforcing the dike and preserving soil, and strengthening the shallow surface slope to achieve the effects of preventing rainwater erosion, controlling water and soil loss and keeping the slope stable; the greening and protection of the slope outside the highway tunnel are carried out by combining plants, the ecological environment of engineering construction is greatly improved, and good economic, social and environmental benefits are created.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing ecological substrate from slurry according to the present invention;
figure 2 is a simplified mud filter press dehydrator for use with the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Experiment one
A method for preparing ecological matrix by using tunnel slurry comprises the following steps:
s1, transporting tunnel slurry to an open space outside a tunnel, and dehydrating the tunnel slurry by using a slurry filter-pressing dehydrator until the dehydration rate is 45%;
s2, adding the dehydrated slurry obtained in the step S1 into a slurry mixture with the proportion of 1:0.05 of chicken manure, ferrous sulfate and crushed wheat straw with the grain size of 3mm, wherein the added dehydrated slurry, the crushed straw and the nutrient substances are mixed according to the mass ratio of 5:3:2, uniformly mixing, and fermenting at the high temperature of 65 ℃ for 15 days to prepare an ecological substrate;
s3, adding 2% of water retention agent potassium polyacrylate and a soil adhesive into the ecological substrate in the step S2, and mixing the mixture in a mixing ratio of 5:3:2 adding the seeds of corolla coronaria, zoysia japonica and bermudagrass into the ecological substrate, spraying the mixture onto a side slope, and observing the growth condition after sowing.
Experiment two
A method for preparing ecological substrates by using tunnel slurry comprises the following steps:
s1, transporting tunnel slurry to an open place outside a tunnel, and dehydrating the tunnel slurry by using a slurry filter-pressing dehydrator until the dehydration rate is 50%;
s2, adding the dehydrated slurry obtained in the step S1 into a slurry mixture with the proportion of 1:0.03 chicken manure, ferrous sulfate and crushed wheat straw with the particle size of 4.5mm, wherein the added dehydrated slurry, the crushed straw and nutrient substances are mixed according to the mass ratio of 5:3:2, uniformly mixing, and fermenting at the high temperature of 65 ℃ for 15 days to prepare an ecological substrate;
s3, adding 2% of water retention agent potassium polyacrylate and a soil adhesive into the ecological substrate in the step S2, and mixing the mixture in a mixing ratio of 5:3:2 adding the seeds of corolla coronaria, zoysia japonica and bermudagrass into the ecological substrate, spraying the mixture onto a side slope, and observing the growth condition after sowing.
Experiment three
A method for preparing ecological matrix by using tunnel slurry comprises the following steps:
s1, transporting tunnel slurry to an open space outside a tunnel, and dehydrating the tunnel slurry by using a slurry filter-pressing dehydrator until the dehydration rate is 60%;
s2, adding the dehydrated slurry obtained in the step S1 into a slurry mixture with the proportion of 1:0.01 of chicken manure, ferrous sulfate and crushed wheat straw with the particle size of 6mm, wherein the added dehydrated slurry, the crushed straw and the nutrient substances are mixed according to the mass ratio of 5:3:2, uniformly mixing, and fermenting at the high temperature of 65 ℃ for 15 days to prepare an ecological substrate;
s3, adding 2% of water retention agent potassium polyacrylate and a soil adhesive into the ecological substrate in the step S2, and mixing the mixture in a mixing ratio of 5:3:2 adding corolla coronaria, zoysia japonica and bermudagrass seeds into the ecological substrate, spraying the ecological substrate on a side slope, and observing the growth condition after the sowing.
Experiment four
A method for preparing ecological matrix by using tunnel slurry comprises the following steps:
s1, transporting tunnel slurry to an open space outside a tunnel, and dehydrating the tunnel slurry by using a slurry filter-pressing dehydrator until the dehydration rate is 50%;
s2, adding the dehydrated slurry obtained in the step S1 into a slurry mixture with the proportion of 1:0.03, chicken manure, ferrous sulfate and crushed wheat straws with the grain size of 3mm, wherein the added dehydrated slurry, the crushed straws and nutrient substances are mixed according to the mass ratio of 6:2:2, uniformly mixing, and fermenting at the high temperature of 65 ℃ for 15 days to prepare an ecological substrate;
s3, adding 2% of water retention agent potassium polyacrylate and soil adhesive into the ecological substrate in the step S2, and mixing the mixture in a mixing ratio of 7:2:1, adding the seeds of corolla coronaria, zoysia japonica and bermudagrass into the ecological substrate, spraying the ecological substrate onto a side slope, and observing the growth condition after sowing.
Experiment five
A method for preparing ecological matrix by using tunnel slurry comprises the following steps:
s1, transporting tunnel slurry to an open place outside a tunnel, and dehydrating the tunnel slurry by using a slurry filter-pressing dehydrator until the dehydration rate is 50%;
s2, adding the dehydrated slurry obtained in the step S1 into a slurry mixture with the proportion of 1:0.03, chicken manure, ferrous sulfate and crushed wheat straws with the grain size of 3mm, wherein the added dehydrated slurry, the crushed straws and nutrient substances are 7:2:1, uniformly mixing, and fermenting at a high temperature of 65 ℃ for 15 days to prepare an ecological matrix;
s3, adding 2% of water retention agent potassium polyacrylate and a soil adhesive into the ecological substrate in the step S2, and mixing the mixture in a mixing ratio of 8:1:1, adding corolla coronaria, zoysia japonica and bermudagrass seeds into an ecological substrate, spraying the ecological substrate on a side slope, and observing the growth condition after the sowing.
Experiment six
A method for preparing ecological substrates by using tunnel slurry comprises the following steps:
s1, transporting tunnel slurry to an open space outside a tunnel, and dehydrating the tunnel slurry by using a slurry filter-pressing dehydrator until the dehydration rate is 50%;
s2, adding the dehydrated slurry obtained in the step S1 into a slurry mixture with the proportion of 1:0.03, chicken manure, ferrous sulfate and crushed wheat straws with the grain size of 3mm, wherein the added dehydrated slurry, the crushed straws and nutrient substances are 8:1:1, uniformly mixing, and fermenting at a high temperature of 65 ℃ for 15 days to prepare an ecological substrate;
s3, adding 2% of water retention agent potassium polyacrylate and soil adhesive into the ecological substrate in the step S2, and mixing the mixture according to the mixing ratio of 6:2:2 adding the seeds of corolla coronaria, zoysia japonica and bermudagrass into the ecological substrate, spraying the mixture onto a side slope, and observing the growth condition after sowing.
The experimental group is built according to the method of the experiment I, and the control group is built according to the methods of the experiments II to VI; and counting the number of seeds germinated in each pot experiment after sowing for 5d, taking out all the seedlings after the seedlings grow for 15d, flushing soil at the roots with water, measuring the lengths from the root and stem division points to the farthest points of the main roots and the stems respectively with a ruler, and averaging to obtain the root length and plant height conditions of the corolla coronaria, the zoysia japonica and the bermuda radicis after different treatments, wherein the results are shown in the table below.
TABLE 1 relationship between slurry dewatering rate, survival rate, root length and plant height when preparing ecological substrate mass ratio
Table 2 relationship between particle size of broken wheat straw and survival rate, root length and plant height when seed proportion is fixed
TABLE 3 relationship between nutrients and survival rate, root length and plant height when preparing ecological medium with a certain mass ratio
TABLE 4 relationship between ecological substrate mass ratio, survival rate, root length and plant height at a certain cultivation condition
TABLE 5 relations of plant seed ratio, survival rate, root length, and plant height at a certain cultivation condition
In the first to third experiments, the average survival rate of the plant seeds reaches 87.4 percent, and the experiments show that when the dehydration rate of the slurry is 50 percent, the particle size of the crushed wheat straw is 3mm, and the added chicken manure is as follows: ferrous sulfate =1: the survival rate of the plants is higher when 0.03 is taken; in the fourth to sixth experiments, when the culture condition is fixed, the spraying ratio of the corolla coronaria, the zoysia japonica and the bermudagrass is 6:2: the growth condition is best when 2 hours; when the mass ratio of the ecological substrate is dehydrated slurry: crushing straws: nutrient =6:2: and 2 h, the survival rate and the plant height of the plant are highest.
Example 2
The organic matter content of the chicken manure is more than 20 percent, the fertilizer efficiency is slowly exerted, the fertilizer efficiency is long, the soil can be cured quickly, the soil quality is improved, the water drainage and water retention capacity, the air permeability and the fertilizer retention capacity of the soil are enhanced, and the soil quality can be improved better; the ferrous sulfate can improve the acid-base balance of soil and promote the absorption of plants on nitrogen and phosphorus elements.
Cleaning and leveling a side slope before spray seeding, paving a geonet in a way that a net sheet is paved on the whole slope surface from top to bottom, firstly fixing the net sheet on the top of the slope surface, then paving downwards, longitudinally tensioning, fixing the net sheet with an anchor rod and an anchor nail, then spray seeding the mixed matrix, and covering a layer of 28g/m & lt 3 & gt non-woven fabric for preserving soil moisture after a surface layer spray layer is finished
The plant seeds mainly comprise the corolla coronaria is because the corolla coronaria has the advantages of long growth year, developed root system, strong durability, high covering speed, large covering degree, barren resistance, cold resistance, high temperature resistance, high disease and pest resistance, obvious water and soil conservation effect and the like. However, the water resistance of corolla coronaria is poor, so zoysia japonica and bermudagrass seeds are added to improve the water resistance of the grass planting. Three plants are adopted for spray-seeding growth, the dike is fixed and the soil is preserved, and the shallow surface layer slope is reinforced, so that the effects of preventing rainwater washing, controlling water and soil loss and keeping the slope stable are achieved.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A method for preparing ecological substrates by using tunnel slurry is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, transporting tunnel slurry generated in the process of digging a highway tunnel to the outside of the tunnel, and dehydrating by using a slurry filter-pressing dehydrator;
s2, adding nutrient substances and straws into the dehydrated slurry, and performing high-temperature fermentation treatment to prepare an ecological substrate;
and S3, adding a water-retaining agent, a soil adhesive and plant seeds into the ecological matrix, uniformly mixing, and carrying out spray sowing.
2. The method for preparing ecological substrate by using tunnel mud as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the dehydration rate of the tunnel slurry in the S1 is 45-60%.
3. The method for preparing ecological substrate by using tunnel mud as claimed in claim 1, wherein: s2, the added nutrients are chicken manure and ferrous sulfate, and the mass ratio of the chicken manure to the ferrous sulfate is 1:0.01-0.05.
4. The method for preparing ecological substrate by using tunnel mud as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and (3) the straws in the S2 are subjected to insolation for 3-5 days after being harvested, and are crushed after being dried, wherein the particle size of the crushed straws is 3-6mm.
5. The method for preparing ecological substrate by using tunnel mud as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the temperature of the high-temperature fermentation in the S2 is 60-70 ℃, and the fermentation period is 15-20 days.
6. The method for preparing ecological substrate by using tunnel slurry as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in S2, the volume ratio of the dehydrated slurry, the crushed straws to the nutrient substances is 6:2:2.
7. the method for preparing ecological substrate by using tunnel mud as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the plant seeds in the S3 are corolla tenuifolia, zoysia japonica and bermudagrass, and the mixing ratio is 5:3:2.
8. the method for preparing ecological substrate by using tunnel slurry as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the water-retaining agent in S3 is 2% of potassium polyacrylate.
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| CN114982590A (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2022-09-02 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Spray seeding matrix and preparation, application and use methods thereof |
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- 2022-10-24 CN CN202211302401.3A patent/CN115517150A/en active Pending
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| CN103643684A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-03-19 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Exposed slope ecological restoration construction method taking fermented sludge as matrix |
| KR102263835B1 (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-06-11 | 김성훈 | vegetation soil for greening slope |
| CN114902933A (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2022-08-16 | 浙江洲川生态环保科技有限公司 | Method for preparing landscaping planting soil by using engineering muck and slurry |
| CN114982590A (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2022-09-02 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Spray seeding matrix and preparation, application and use methods thereof |
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