CN111657098B - Nutrient soil and application thereof in desertification control and greening planting - Google Patents
Nutrient soil and application thereof in desertification control and greening planting Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
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Abstract
The invention discloses nutrient soil and application thereof in desertification control and greening planting. The nutrient soil comprises the following raw materials: 70-80 parts of advanced anaerobic digestion sludge, 5-15 parts of sludge-based biochar soil, 2-5 parts of carbonized sludge, 2.5-5 parts of potassium fulvate and 5-10 parts of polyacrylamide. The invention improves the nutrient of sandy soil, the diversity of soil bacterial communities, the abundance degree of species and the uniformity degree of species composition, the nutrient grade of sandy soil is upgraded to more than 2 grade from the original 6 grade, the total amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of the soil is increased by 97.08 percent compared with the original soil, the organic content is increased by 119.86 percent, the water content is increased by 65.22 percent, the quality of sandy soil is obviously improved, and the soil fertility-maintaining and water-maintaining capacity is greatly improved; after the fertilizer is applied, the soil heavy metal pollution degree and the potential pollution risk are both low, and the fertilizer is in a safe state.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of desertification soil treatment, and particularly relates to nutrient soil and application thereof in desertification control and greening.
Background
With the acceleration of the modernization process, the population is increased, which leads to the abuse of land, the damage of vegetation caused by excessive felling, excessive wasteland cutting and excessive grazing, and the process of soil desertification is aggravated. In the process of land desertification, under the action of wind blowing erosion and screening, the content of fine granular substances in soil is reduced, and the proportion of sand grains is increased, so that the soil structure is seriously degraded, the granular structure is obviously reduced, organic matters and nutrients are lost, and the water and fertilizer retention capacity is reduced. The contents of organic matters, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, quick-acting phosphorus and the like in the sandy soil are seriously reduced, the proportion of nitrogen to phosphorus is disordered, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is reduced, so that the nitrogen loss in the soil is increased, the utilization rate of the nitrogen in the soil is reduced, the productivity of the soil is seriously influenced, and the earth surface is exposed and the environmental quality is degraded.
At present, the common desertification control plant green materials are as follows:
1. chemical materials: the chemical materials such as asphalt, peat adhesive, oil-latex and the like are used for controlling sand, so that the sand dune or sandy ground surface which is easy to cause sand damage can be protected, and the characteristics of moisture retention are achieved. However, the method cannot effectively improve the soil quality for a long time, the soil pores are reduced after the method is applied, the plants are prevented from absorbing nutrients from the soil, and meanwhile, the introduction of chemical substances can cause secondary pollution and damage to the soil;
2. mechanical materials: the sand barrier is formed by erecting or flatly paving materials such as wood strips, soil blocks, stones, straws and products thereof, and the materials only can block the flow of wind and sand, cannot improve the soil quality and cannot meet the requirement of plants on nutrients;
3. biological crust material: the compound formed by bonding the micro-bacteria, fungi, algae, lichen, moss and the like and hypha, secretion and the like thereof with soil gravel has the characteristic of promoting soil development. But the desertification control process is slow and cannot meet the establishment of a micro-ecological circle with high biomass in a short time;
4. plant material: establishing artificial vegetation or recovering natural vegetation; constructing a large sand prevention and blocking forest belt to block the invasion of drift sand; building a protective forest network, and controlling the wind erosion of the cultivated land and the degradation of the pasture; protecting and cultivating natural vegetation, and preventing fixed and semi-fixed sand dunes and desertification of sandy land. However, the planting of the plant materials does not change the properties and the structure of the desertification soil, and nutrient elements in the desertification soil cannot completely supply vegetation and plant growth.
Therefore, how to improve the quality of sandy soil and how to treat sandy soil and plant green ecologically become an urgent problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the desertification soil is low in nutrient content, easy to lose nutrients and water, and capable of inhibiting seed germination, normal plant growth and vegetation recovery.
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a nutrient soil, which comprises the following raw materials:
70-80 parts of advanced anaerobic digestion sludge, 5-15 parts of sludge-based biochar soil, 2-5 parts of carbonized sludge, 2.5-5 parts of potassium fulvate and 5-10 parts of polyacrylamide;
the advanced anaerobic digestion sludge is obtained by municipal sludge through pre-dehydration, thermal hydrolysis, anaerobic digestion, plate-and-frame dehydration, air drying, first crushing and first screening;
the sludge-based biochar soil is obtained by centrifugally dewatering municipal sludge, mixing with landscaping waste and carrying out aerobic fermentation;
the carbonized sludge is obtained by drying, carbonizing, activating, crushing and screening municipal sludge.
The municipal sludge contains a large amount of nutrient elements for promoting plant growth, wherein the content of organic matters can reach more than 40 percent, the total content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium can reach 7.31 percent, which are all higher than that of common farmyard manure, and simultaneously, the sludge has certain humus colloid, is easy to form a granular structure for soil, and keeps good nutrients and moisture. Therefore, the municipal sludge has good water retention and fertilizer retention, which is complementary to sandy soil with high volume weight, large porosity and easy loss of water and nutrients. Through the monitoring data of the soil pollution risks of the municipal sludge for years, the municipal sludge is found to have a low pollution level and potential pollution risks to soil heavy metals (mercury, cadmium, chromium, lead, zinc, nickel, copper and arsenic) and organic pollutants.
Therefore, the invention takes municipal sludge as a main raw material to prepare the nutrient soil for desertification control and greening planting in desertification areas, the nutrient soil can cover the surface of the bare sandy soil with green, improve the aggregate structure of the sandy soil, increase the nutrient of the sandy soil, slow down the nutrient loss, increase the germination rate of vegetation seeds, promote the rooting of plants and supply effective nutrient of the soil to plants, and can not cause secondary damage to the soil. So as to achieve the purposes of stabilizing sandy soil and recovering vegetation, greatly reduce natural disasters such as sand storm and the like and optimize survival conditions.
As a preferable scheme, the pre-dehydration enables the sludge water content of the municipal sludge to be 70% -80%;
as a preferable scheme, the thermal hydrolysis temperature is 150-170 ℃, the pressure is 5-8 bar, and the time is 20-60 min.
Preferably, the temperature of the anaerobic digestion is 35-40 ℃, and the hydraulic retention time is 15d-21 d.
Preferably, the pressing pressure of the plate frame dehydration is 18bar-22bar, and the pressing time is 40min-60 min.
Preferably, after the first crushing and the first screening, the advanced anaerobic digestion sludge with the grain diameter of 0.5mm-2mm is reserved.
According to the invention, in a specific embodiment, the advanced anaerobic digestion sludge is obtained by municipal sludge through pre-dehydration, thermal hydrolysis, anaerobic digestion, plate-and-frame dehydration, air drying, first crushing and first screening; pre-dewatering to make the sludge water content of the municipal sludge be 75%; the thermal hydrolysis temperature is 160 deg.C, pressure is 6bar, and time is 40 min; the anaerobic digestion temperature is 40 ℃, and the hydraulic retention time is 18 d; the pressing pressure of plate frame dehydration is 20bar, and the pressing time is 40 min; air drying is carried out for 7d in a natural air drying mode; after the first crushing and the first screening, the advanced anaerobic digestion sludge with the grain diameter of 0.5mm-2mm is reserved. After treatment, the water content of the obtained advanced anaerobic digestion sludge is 30-40%.
Preferably, the raw material of the sludge-based biochar soil comprises municipal sludge and landscaping waste in a weight ratio of 38-43: 57-63.
Preferably, the landscaping waste is selected from at least one of fallen leaves, lawn clippings, and weeds.
As a preferable scheme, the sludge water content of the municipal sludge is 75% -80% through centrifugal dehydration.
According to the invention, the aerobic fermentation comprises a first fermentation and a second fermentation;
preferably, the first fermentation is carried out byFermenting in a mode of bottom-to-top ventilation, wherein the ventilation rate is 0.3m3/h-0.5m3The time for the first fermentation is 12d-18 d; the second fermentation is carried out in a natural stacking mode, and the time of the second fermentation is 40-50 d.
According to the invention, in a specific embodiment, the sludge-based biochar soil is obtained by centrifugally dewatering municipal sludge, mixing with landscaping waste and performing aerobic fermentation; in the raw materials of the sludge-based biochar soil, the weight ratio of municipal sludge to landscaping waste is 40: 60; landscaping wastes comprise fallen leaves, lawn trimmings and weeds in a weight ratio of 1:1: 1; performing centrifugal dehydration to enable the sludge water content of the municipal sludge to be 75-80%; the aerobic fermentation comprises a first fermentation and a second fermentation; the first fermentation is carried out by ventilating from bottom to top at a ventilation rate of 0.4m 3The time of the first fermentation is 15d, and the highest temperature can reach 60 ℃ in the process of the first fermentation; the second fermentation is carried out in a natural stacking mode, and the time of the second fermentation is 45 d. After treatment, the water content of the sludge-based biochar soil is 30-40%.
As a preferable scheme, the sludge drying enables the water content of the municipal sludge to be less than or equal to 20% and the particle size to be less than or equal to 10 mm.
Preferably, the carbonization temperature is 400-500 ℃, and the carbonization time is 30-60 min.
As a preferable scheme, the activation temperature is 600-800 ℃, and the activation time is 25-35 min.
Preferably, the particle size of the carbonized sludge obtained after screening is 0.6mm-3 mm.
As a preferred scheme, the sludge drying temperature is 70-100 ℃, and the sludge drying time is 30-60 min. The process parameters ensure that the water content of the municipal sludge after sludge drying is less than or equal to 20 percent and the particle size is less than or equal to 10 mm.
According to the invention, in a specific embodiment, the carbonized sludge is obtained by drying, carbonizing, activating, crushing and screening municipal sludge; drying to ensure that the water content of the municipal sludge is less than or equal to 20 percent and the particle size is less than or equal to 10 mm; carbonizing at 450 deg.C for 45 min; after the second crushing and the second screening, the carbonized sludge with the grain size of 0.6mm-3mm is reserved.
According to the invention, the preparation method of the nutrient soil comprises the following steps: the components are mixed evenly.
The invention also provides application of the nutrient soil in sand control and greening.
According to the present invention, the application of advanced anaerobic digestion sludge, which is one of the components of nutrient soil, activates the genus Nitrospira in the soil, promoting the plants to absorb more available nitrogen from the soil.
According to the invention, the sludge-based biochar soil has the characteristics of rich carbon content and loose texture, and as one of the components of the nutrient soil, the sludge-based biochar soil provides humus, cellulose and other substances and nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, potassium-solubilizing bacteria and other microorganisms for desertified soil, improves the soil moisture conservation capability of the desertified soil, and greatly enhances the effect of sand control.
According to the invention, the application of the carbonized sludge which is one of the components of the nutrient soil provides a carbon source and a nitrogen source for soil microorganisms, and simultaneously prevents the loss of soil nutrients by utilizing the unique carbon structure of the carbonized sludge.
According to the invention, the application of the potassium fulvate can improve the content of potassium element in soil and play a certain buffering role on the pH value of the soil; firstly flocculating the micro-particle size high molecular polyacrylamide to obtain a particle material with the particle size of 2mm-4mm, and further improving the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the sandy soil after applying the granular material to the soil.
Preferably, the application comprises:
and mixing the nutrient soil with desertification soil, and planting plants and/or sowing plant seeds in the obtained mixed soil.
Preferably, the ratio is 1m2The dosage of the nutrient soil in the desertification soil is 2kg-4.5 kg.
Preferably, the plant can be selected from Lycium ruthenicum Murr, and the plant seeds can be selected from mixture of tall fescue seeds and ryegrass seeds, such as 4:3 by weight.
In a particular embodiment, according to the invention, the application comprises:
forming a ditch with the width of 100cm and the depth of 25cm along a planting belt, mixing the nutrient soil and desertification soil, placing the mixed soil and the nutrient soil into the ditch, sowing tall fescue seeds and ryegrass seeds (the weight ratio is 4:3) in the obtained mixed soil, covering the mixture with sandy soil with the thickness of 20cm, watering according to the water-soil ratio of 1:4, and waiting for the seeds to germinate; relative to 1m2The dosage of the nutrient soil in the desertification soil is 3.75 kg.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the nutrient soil provided by the invention can improve the quality of desertification soil efficiently and in a time-saving manner, enables the bare desertification soil to be covered with green quickly, provides macroelements (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) and necessary trace elements (iron, manganese, zinc, copper, boron, molybdenum, chlorine, sodium and nickel) for plants, and promotes the germination of seeds and the rooting of the plants. The method is suitable for improving the quality of sandy soil and maintaining plant nutrition in desertification areas, and is characterized in that municipal sludge is used as a main raw material, and three sludge products obtained by different treatment processes respectively provide a large amount of nutrient elements and organic matters for the sandy soil, promote the nutrient salt form efficiently absorbed by plants, convert microorganisms of the nutrient salt form, block the granular structure of nutrient and water loss and the like. The invention improves the nutrient of sandy soil, the diversity of soil bacterial communities, the abundance degree of species and the uniformity degree of species composition, the nutrient grade of sandy soil is upgraded to more than 2 grade from the original 6 grade, the total amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of the soil is increased by 97.08 percent compared with the original soil, the organic content is increased by 119.86 percent, the water content is increased by 65.22 percent, the quality of sandy soil is obviously improved, and the soil fertility-maintaining and water-maintaining capacity is greatly improved; after the fertilizer is applied, the soil heavy metal pollution degree and the potential pollution risk are both low, and the fertilizer is in a safe state.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. While the following describes preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
In the embodiment of the invention, the municipal sludge is municipal sludge in the sunward area of Beijing.
In the examples of the present invention, the parts are parts by weight.
In the embodiment of the invention, the advanced anaerobic digestion sludge is obtained by municipal sludge through pre-dehydration, thermal hydrolysis, anaerobic digestion, plate-and-frame dehydration, air drying, first crushing and first screening; the thermal hydrolysis temperature is 160 deg.C, pressure is 6bar, and time is 40 min; the anaerobic digestion temperature is 40 ℃, and the hydraulic retention time is 18 d; the pressing pressure of plate frame dehydration is 20bar, and the pressing time is 40 min; air drying is carried out for 7d in a natural air drying mode; after the first crushing and the first screening, the advanced anaerobic digestion sludge with the grain diameter of 0.5mm-2mm is reserved.
In the embodiment of the invention, the sludge-based biochar soil is obtained by centrifugally dewatering municipal sludge, mixing the dewatered municipal sludge with landscaping waste and performing aerobic fermentation; in the raw materials of the sludge-based biochar soil, the weight ratio of municipal sludge to landscaping waste is 40: 60; the landscaping waste comprises fallen leaves, lawn trimmings and weeds in a weight ratio of 1:1: 1; performing centrifugal dehydration to enable the sludge water content of the municipal sludge to be 75-80%; the aerobic fermentation comprises a first fermentation and a second fermentation; the first fermentation is carried out by ventilating from bottom to top at a ventilation rate of 0.4m3The time of the first fermentation is 15d, and the highest temperature can reach 60 ℃ in the process of the first fermentation; the second fermentation is carried out in a natural stacking mode, and the time of the second fermentation is 45 d.
In the embodiment of the invention, the carbonized sludge is obtained by drying, carbonizing, activating, crushing and screening municipal sludge; drying (the temperature is controlled to be 70-100 ℃ and the time is controlled to be 30-60 min) to ensure that the water content of the municipal sludge is less than or equal to 20 percent and the particle size is less than or equal to 10 mm; carbonizing at 450 deg.C for 45 min; after the second crushing and the second screening, the carbonized sludge with the grain size of 0.6mm-3mm is reserved.
The preparation method of the nutrient soil comprises the following steps: the components are mixed evenly.
Example 1
The experimental site is located in the sunward area of Beijing city, the experimental soil comes from sandy soil in desertification areas of Zhangkou city in Hebei province, and the experimental area is 1m long, 1m wide and 0.7m deep.
1) Original soil detection: the pH value of the soil is 8.54, the total phosphorus content is 0.41g/kg, the total nitrogen content is 0.46g/kg, the total potassium content is 13.7g/kg, the organic matter content is 7.10g/kg, the quick-acting phosphorus content is 1.8g/kg, the ammonium nitrogen content is 3.04g/kg, the nitrate nitrogen content is 4.89g/kg, the quick-acting potassium content is 73.7g/kg, the total salt content is 0.13g/kg, and the germination rate of seeds is 61.22% (tall fescue and ryegrass seeds, the weight ratio is 4: 3);
2) preparing nutrient soil: 73 parts of advanced anaerobic digestion sludge, 12 parts of sludge-based biochar soil, 5 parts of carbonized sludge, 4 parts of potassium fulvate and 6 parts of polyacrylamide, and all the components are crushed and then mixed;
3) fertilizing treatment: according to the volume of an experimental area, filling desertification area sandy soil with the length of 1m, the width of 1m and the depth of 0.45m into the experimental area, and filling the desertification area sandy soil with the length of 1m and the width of 1m into the experimental area2Mixing the desertification area sand soil with the thickness of 0.05m into 3.75kg of nutrient soil (the thickness of the desertification area sand soil is finally more than 0.05 mm), wherein the dosage of the nutrient soil in the desertification area sand soil is equivalent to 2.5 tons/mu, and obtaining a soil-fertilizer mixture which is covered on the desertification area sand soil with the thickness of 0.45 m;
4) Sowing: sowing Festuca arundinacea and Secale cereale seeds (weight ratio is 4:3) on the soil-fertilizer mixture, covering with desertification area sand with thickness of 20cm, watering according to water-soil ratio of 1:4, and waiting for seeds to germinate;
5) soil detection after application: after 1 year of planting, the soil physical and chemical properties are detected, the soil pH value is 7.95, the total phosphorus content is 0.875g/kg, the total nitrogen is 1.74g/kg, the total potassium content is 26.1g/kg, the organic matter content is 15.61g/kg, the quick-acting phosphorus content is 16.9g/kg, the ammonium nitrogen content is 5.07g/kg, the nitrate nitrogen content is 17.1g/kg, the quick-acting potassium content is 85.0g/kg, the total salt content is 0.73g/kg, and the seed germination rate is 92.75%.
Example 2
The experimental site is located in the sunward area of Beijing city, the experimental soil comes from sandy soil in desertification areas of Zhangkou city in Hebei province, and the experimental area is 1m long, 1m wide and 0.7m deep.
1) Original soil detection: the pH value of the soil is 8.54, the total phosphorus content is 0.41g/kg, the total nitrogen content is 0.46g/kg, the total potassium content is 13.7g/kg, the organic matter content is 7.10g/kg, the quick-acting phosphorus content is 1.8g/kg, the ammonium nitrogen content is 3.04g/kg, the nitrate nitrogen content is 4.89g/kg, the quick-acting potassium content is 73.7g/kg, the total salt content is 0.13g/kg, and the plant height (Lycium ruthenicum plant) is increased by 52.16% after the original soil is planted for 1 year;
2) preparing nutrient soil: 70 parts of advanced anaerobic digested sludge, 15 parts of sludge-based biochar soil, 5 parts of carbonized sludge, 3.5 parts of potassium fulvate and 6.5 parts of polyacrylamide, and all the components are crushed and then mixed;
3) Fertilizing treatment: according to the volume of an experimental area, firstly filling desertification area sandy soil with the length of 1m, the width of 1m and the depth of 0.45m into the experimental area, and filling 1m2Mixing desertification area sand with the thickness of 0.25m into 3kg of nutrient soil (the thickness is more than 0.25mm finally), namely, the dosage of the nutrient soil in the desertification area is 2 tons/mu, obtaining a soil-fertilizer mixture, and covering the soil-fertilizer mixture on desertification area sand with the thickness of 0.45 m;
4) transplanting plants: transplanting lycium ruthenicum plants on the soil-fertilizer mixture, watering according to the water-soil ratio of 1:4, and observing the growth condition of the plants;
5) soil detection after application: after 1 year of planting, the soil physical and chemical property detection shows that the soil has a pH value of 7.72, a total phosphorus content of 0.918g/kg, a total nitrogen content of 1.91g/kg, a total potassium content of 22.5g/kg, an organic matter content of 15.40g/kg, a quick-acting phosphorus content of 20.4g/kg, an ammonium nitrogen content of 6.24g/kg, a nitrate nitrogen content of 22.5g/kg, a quick-acting potassium content of 79.56g/kg, a total salt content of 0.55g/kg, and a plant height growth rate of 116.67%.
Having described embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.
Claims (8)
1. The nutrient soil is characterized by comprising the following raw materials:
70-80 parts of advanced anaerobic digestion sludge, 5-15 parts of sludge-based biochar soil, 2-5 parts of carbonized sludge, 2.5-5 parts of potassium fulvate and 5-10 parts of polyacrylamide;
the advanced anaerobic digestion sludge is obtained by municipal sludge through pre-dehydration, thermal hydrolysis, anaerobic digestion, plate-and-frame dehydration, air drying, first crushing and first screening;
the sludge-based biochar soil is obtained by centrifugally dewatering municipal sludge, mixing with landscaping waste and carrying out aerobic fermentation; the landscaping waste is selected from at least one of fallen leaves, lawn trimmings and weeds; the aerobic fermentation comprises a first fermentation and a second fermentation; the first fermentation adopts a mode of ventilation from bottom to top, and the ventilation rate is 0.3m3/h-0.5m3The time for the first fermentation is 12d-18 d; the second fermentation is carried out in a natural stacking mode, and the time of the second fermentation is 40-50 d;
the carbonized sludge is obtained by drying, carbonizing, activating, crushing and screening municipal sludge; the sludge drying ensures that the water content of the municipal sludge is less than or equal to 20 percent and the particle size is less than or equal to 10 mm; the carbonization temperature is 400-500 ℃, and the carbonization time is 30-60 min; the activation temperature is 600-800 ℃, and the activation time is 25-35 min; after the second crushing and the second screening, the carbonized sludge with the grain size of 0.6mm-3mm is reserved.
2. The nutrient soil of claim 1,
the pre-dehydration ensures that the sludge water content of the municipal sludge is 70-80%;
the temperature of the thermal hydrolysis is 150-170 ℃, the pressure is 5-8 bar, and the time is 20-60 min;
the temperature of anaerobic digestion is 35-40 ℃, and the hydraulic retention time is 15d-21 d;
the pressing pressure of the plate frame dehydration is 18bar-22bar, and the pressing time is 40min-60 min;
after the first crushing and the first screening, keeping the advanced anaerobic digestion sludge with the grain size of 0.5mm-2 mm.
3. The nutrient soil of claim 1, wherein the raw material of the sludge-based biochar soil has a weight ratio of municipal sludge to landscaping waste of 38-43: 57-63.
4. The nutrient soil of claim 1,
and the water content of the municipal sludge is 75-80% by centrifugal dehydration.
5. The nutrient soil according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of sludge drying is 70-100 ℃, and the time of sludge drying is 30-60 min.
6. Use of a nutrient soil according to any one of claims 1 to 5 for desertification control and greening.
7. The application of claim 6, wherein the application comprises:
and mixing the nutrient soil with desertification soil, and planting plants and/or sowing plant seeds in the obtained mixed soil.
8. Use according to claim 7, wherein with respect to 1m2The dosage of the nutrient soil in the desertification soil is 2kg-4.5 kg.
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| CA2853605A1 (en) * | 2011-01-19 | 2012-07-26 | Algae Aqua-Culture Technology, Inc. | Biorefinery system, components therefor, methods of use, and products derived therefrom |
| CN104446908A (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2015-03-25 | 甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所 | Seedling raising substrate for wind prevention and sand fixation plants and preparation method of seedling raising substrate |
| CN110526549B (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2021-08-24 | 安徽百和环保科技有限公司 | Soil improvement sludge biochar and preparation method thereof |
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