CN110526549B - Soil improvement sludge biochar and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Soil improvement sludge biochar and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110526549B CN110526549B CN201910688942.6A CN201910688942A CN110526549B CN 110526549 B CN110526549 B CN 110526549B CN 201910688942 A CN201910688942 A CN 201910688942A CN 110526549 B CN110526549 B CN 110526549B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
- C02F11/148—Combined use of inorganic and organic substances, being added in the same treatment step
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- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing soil improvement sludge biochar, which comprises the following steps: adjusting the pH value of the sludge, adding potassium persulfate, talcum powder, polyamine and starch, preserving the temperature at room temperature, and dehydrating to obtain dehydrated sludge; adding a regulator into the dewatered sludge, uniformly mixing, crushing, adding an additive, uniformly mixing, standing, uniformly mixing, drying, carbonizing and crushing to obtain the sludge biochar, wherein the regulator is humic acid and citric acid, and the additive is a potassium bicarbonate aqueous solution and activated carbon. The invention also discloses a soil improvement sludge biochar which is prepared according to the preparation method of the soil improvement sludge biochar. The invention has a plurality of cavities with tiny apertures, large specific surface area, good function of loosening soil, promotion of air entering into soil, increase of air permeability of soil, and due to tiny apertures, soil is not easy to enter, thereby avoiding soil blocking micropores, leading to reduction of loosening performance, and good adsorption performance, can avoid loss of soil nutrients, contains potassium element, can provide potassium element for soil, and is simple to operate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sludge biochar, in particular to a soil improvement sludge biochar and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Sludge is a product of sewage treatment, and is an extremely complex heterogeneous body composed of organic debris, bacterial cells, inorganic particles, colloidal sludge and the like. The main characteristics of the sludge are high water content (up to more than 99 percent), high organic matter content, easy decomposition and stink generation, fine particles, small specific gravity and colloidal liquid state. It is a thick matter between liquid and solid and can be transported by a pump, but it is difficult to perform solid-liquid separation by sedimentation. In recent years, with the continuous development of urbanization construction in China, more and more sludge is generated, and the urban environment is seriously affected, so that the search for an effective sludge treatment method becomes a problem to be solved at present.
The sludge can be prepared into biochar for sewage treatment and soil improvement, but the soil improvement effect is not high, the preparation method is complicated and the time consumption is long, and the development of the sludge biochar in the aspect of soil improvement is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems existing in the background technology, the invention provides a soil improvement sludge biochar and a preparation method thereof, the soil improvement sludge biochar has a plurality of cavities with tiny pore diameters, has large specific surface area, has good effect of loosening soil, promotes air to enter the soil, increases the air permeability of the soil, prevents the soil from blocking micropores due to tiny pore diameters, avoids the reduction of loosening performance caused by the fact that the soil is not easy to enter the micropores, has good adsorption performance, can avoid the loss of soil nutrients, contains potassium element, and can provide potassium element for the soil; in addition, the method is simple to operate and short in time consumption.
The invention provides a preparation method of soil improvement sludge biochar, which comprises the following steps: adjusting the pH value of the sludge, adding potassium persulfate, talcum powder, polyamine and starch, preserving the temperature at room temperature, and dehydrating to obtain dehydrated sludge; adding a regulator into the dewatered sludge, uniformly mixing, crushing, adding an additive, uniformly mixing, standing, uniformly mixing, drying, carbonizing and crushing to obtain the sludge biochar, wherein the regulator is humic acid and citric acid, and the additive is a potassium bicarbonate aqueous solution and activated carbon.
Preferably, the carbonization temperature is 550-650 ℃, the carbonization time is 1.5-2.5h, and the carbonization temperature rise rate is 10-15 ℃/min.
Preferably, the activated carbon is coconut shell activated carbon particles with a particle size of 100-120 meshes.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the potassium bicarbonate water solution to the activated carbon is 2-3: 1.
preferably, the concentration of the aqueous solution of potassium bicarbonate is 0.6-0.8 mol/L.
Preferably, standing for 12-15 h.
Preferably, the pH is 6-7.
Preferably, the pH is adjusted to 6-7 with aqueous hydrochloric acid.
Preferably, the temperature is kept for 1.5 to 2.5 hours at room temperature.
Preferably, the dewatered sludge has a water content of 18-25 wt%.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the potassium persulfate to the talcum powder to the polyamine to the starch is 1-2: 1-2: 3-5: 1-2.
Preferably, the weight to volume (g/L) ratio of potassium persulfate to sludge is 1: 7-8.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the additive to the sludge is 0.8-1: 1.
preferably, the weight ratio of the conditioning agent to the dewatered sludge is 2-3: 10.
preferably, the weight ratio of humic acid to citric acid is 2-3: 1.
preferably, the sludge biochar is 60-70 meshes.
The invention also provides sludge biochar which is prepared according to the preparation method of the sludge biochar for land improvement.
The method adjusts the sludge to a proper pH value, then adds a proper amount of potassium persulfate, talcum powder, polyamine and starch, and reacts for a proper time, so that the dehydration rate and the heavy metal removal rate of the sludge can be increased, the water content and the heavy metal toxicity of the sludge are reduced, the operation is simple, and the treatment time is shortened; appropriate amount of humic acid and citric acid are added as regulators to chelate with heavy metal ions, so that the activity and the total amount of heavy metals are further reduced, and the humic acid and the citric acid can be biodegraded without causing secondary pollution; then, a potassium bicarbonate aqueous solution and activated carbon are selected to be matched with each other, are uniformly mixed with the sludge and are soaked for a proper time, so that potassium bicarbonate, activated carbon and the sludge can be uniformly dispersed, proper carbonization cracking temperature and time are selected, the activated carbon is added into the sludge, so that the air permeability and the porosity of the sludge are increased, and a plurality of tiny cavities are formed in the cracking process by matching with the potassium bicarbonate, so that sludge biochar is obtained; the coconut shell activated carbon has a tiny pore diameter, so that the overlarge pore diameter of a cavity of the sludge biochar can be avoided; the sludge biochar prepared by the invention has a plurality of cavities with tiny apertures, has large specific surface area, has good effect of loosening soil, promotes air to enter the soil, increases the air permeability of the soil, avoids soil from blocking micropores due to tiny apertures, has good adsorption performance, can avoid the loss of soil nutrients, contains potassium element, and can provide potassium element for the soil; in addition, the method is simple to operate and short in time consumption.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
A preparation method of soil improvement sludge biochar comprises the following steps: adjusting the pH value of the sludge, adding potassium persulfate, talcum powder, polyamine and starch, preserving the temperature at room temperature, and dehydrating to obtain dehydrated sludge; adding a regulator into the dewatered sludge, uniformly mixing, crushing, adding an additive, uniformly mixing, standing, uniformly mixing, drying, carbonizing and crushing to obtain the sludge biochar, wherein the regulator is humic acid and citric acid, and the additive is a potassium bicarbonate aqueous solution and activated carbon.
Example 2
A preparation method of soil improvement sludge biochar comprises the following steps: adjusting the pH value of the sludge to be 6 by using a hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, adding potassium persulfate, talcum powder, polyamine and starch, keeping the temperature at room temperature for 2.5 hours, and dehydrating to obtain dehydrated sludge, wherein the water content of the dehydrated sludge is 18 wt%, and the weight-to-volume (g/L) ratio of the potassium persulfate to the sludge is 1: 8, the weight ratio of potassium persulfate, talcum powder, polyamine and starch is 1: 2: 3: 2; adding a regulator into the dewatered sludge, uniformly mixing, crushing, adding an additive, uniformly mixing, standing for 12 hours, uniformly mixing, drying, heating to 550 ℃ at the speed of 15 ℃/min, carbonizing for 2.5 hours, and crushing to 60 meshes to obtain sludge biochar, wherein the weight ratio of the regulator to the dewatered sludge is 3: 10, the regulator is humic acid and citric acid, and the weight ratio of the humic acid to the citric acid is 2: 1;
the weight ratio of the additive to the sludge is 1: 1, the additive is 0.6mol/L potassium bicarbonate aqueous solution and 120-mesh coconut shell activated carbon particles, and the weight ratio of the potassium bicarbonate aqueous solution to the activated carbon is 2: 1.
example 3
A preparation method of soil improvement sludge biochar comprises the following steps: adjusting the pH value of the sludge to be 7 by using a hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, adding potassium persulfate, talcum powder, polyamine and starch, keeping the temperature at room temperature for 1.5h, and dehydrating to obtain dehydrated sludge, wherein the water content of the dehydrated sludge is 25wt%, and the weight-to-volume (g/L) ratio of the potassium persulfate to the sludge is 1: 7, the weight ratio of potassium persulfate, talcum powder, polyamine and starch is 2: 1: 5: 1; adding a regulator into the dewatered sludge, uniformly mixing, crushing, adding an additive, uniformly mixing, standing for 15h, uniformly mixing, drying, heating to 650 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, carbonizing for 1.5h, and crushing to 70 meshes to obtain sludge biochar, wherein the weight ratio of the regulator to the dewatered sludge is 2: 10, the regulator is humic acid and citric acid, and the weight ratio of the humic acid to the citric acid is 3: 1;
the weight ratio of the additive to the sludge is 0.8: 1, the additive is 0.8mol/L potassium bicarbonate aqueous solution and 100-mesh coconut shell activated carbon particles, and the weight ratio of the potassium bicarbonate aqueous solution to the activated carbon is 3: 1.
example 4
A preparation method of soil improvement sludge biochar comprises the following steps: adjusting the pH value of the sludge to be 6.2 by using a hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, adding potassium persulfate, talcum powder, polyamine and starch, keeping the temperature at room temperature for 2.2h, and dehydrating to obtain dehydrated sludge, wherein the water content of the dehydrated sludge is 23 wt%, and the weight-to-volume (g/L) ratio of the potassium persulfate to the sludge is 1: 7.3, the weight ratio of potassium persulfate, talcum powder, polyamine and starch is 1.2: 1.8: 3.5: 1.8; adding a regulator into the dewatered sludge, uniformly mixing, crushing, adding an additive, uniformly mixing, standing for 14h, uniformly mixing, drying, heating to 630 ℃ at the speed of 12 ℃/min, carbonizing for 1.8h, and crushing to 70 meshes to obtain sludge biochar, wherein the weight ratio of the regulator to the dewatered sludge is 2.3: 10, the regulator is humic acid and citric acid, and the weight ratio of the humic acid to the citric acid is 2.7: 1;
the weight ratio of the additive to the sludge is 0.85: 1, the additive is 0.75mol/L potassium bicarbonate aqueous solution and 100-mesh coconut shell activated carbon particles, and the weight ratio of the potassium bicarbonate aqueous solution to the activated carbon is 2.8: 1.
example 5
A preparation method of soil improvement sludge biochar comprises the following steps: adjusting the pH value of the sludge to 6.8 by using a hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, adding potassium persulfate, talcum powder, polyamine and starch, keeping the temperature at room temperature for 2 hours, and dehydrating to obtain dehydrated sludge, wherein the water content of the dehydrated sludge is 20 wt%, and the weight-to-volume (g/L) ratio of the potassium persulfate to the sludge is 1: 7.5, the weight ratio of potassium persulfate, talcum powder, polyamine and starch is 1.5: 1.5: 4: 1.5; adding a regulator into the dewatered sludge, uniformly mixing, crushing, adding an additive, uniformly mixing, standing for 13.5h, uniformly mixing, drying, heating to 600 ℃ at the speed of 13 ℃/min, carbonizing for 2h, and crushing to 60 meshes to obtain sludge biochar, wherein the weight ratio of the regulator to the dewatered sludge is 2.5: 10, the regulator is humic acid and citric acid, and the weight ratio of the humic acid to the citric acid is 2.5: 1;
the weight ratio of the additive to the sludge is 0.9: 1, the additive is 0.7mol/L potassium bicarbonate aqueous solution and 120-mesh coconut shell activated carbon particles, and the weight ratio of the potassium bicarbonate aqueous solution to the activated carbon is 2.5: 1.
comparative example 1
The preparation process was carried out without adjusting pH, without adding potassium persulfate, talc, polyamine, starch and adjusting agent, and the other steps were the same as in example 5.
Comparing the heavy metal content of the sludge biochar prepared in example 5 and comparative example 1, the result of using untreated sludge as a blank control is as follows:
as can be seen from the above table, the heavy metals are treated by adding the potassium persulfate, the talcum powder, the polyamine, the starch and the regulator, so that the heavy metals in the sludge can be well removed.
Comparative example 2
The preparation process was carried out in the same manner as in example 5 except that no additive was added.
Selecting hardened soil with low nutrients, and dividing the soil into 3 parts with the same weight, wherein one part is added with the sludge biochar prepared in example 5, the addition amount of the sludge biochar is 4 wt% of the weight of the soil, the other part is added with the sludge biochar prepared in comparative example 2, the addition amount of the sludge biochar is 4 wt% of the weight of the soil, the other part is used as a test group, and the other part is not added with the sludge biochar and is used as a blank group; and (3) respectively using the soil of the test group, the control group and the blank group to carry out potted seeding of ryegrass, and counting the growth condition of the ryegrass of each group after 45 days, wherein the seeding density, watering frequency, watering amount, growth environment and management method of each group are the same within 45 days, and the statistical results are as follows:
as can be seen from the above table, the invention has good soil improvement performance, can promote plant growth, and the sludge biochar prepared by adding the potassium bicarbonate aqueous solution and the coconut shell activated carbon particles has better soil improvement performance.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of soil improvement sludge biochar is characterized by comprising the following steps: adjusting the pH value of the sludge, adding potassium persulfate, talcum powder, polyamine and starch, preserving the temperature at room temperature, and dehydrating to obtain dehydrated sludge; adding a regulator into the dewatered sludge, uniformly mixing, crushing, adding an additive, uniformly mixing, standing, uniformly mixing, drying, carbonizing and crushing to obtain sludge biochar, wherein the regulator is humic acid and citric acid, and the additive is a potassium bicarbonate aqueous solution and activated carbon;
wherein the carbonization temperature is 550-650 ℃, the carbonization time is 1.5-2.5h, and the carbonization temperature rise rate is 10-15 ℃/min.
2. The method for preparing the bio-carbon for the land improvement sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the activated carbon is coconut shell activated carbon particles with a particle size of 100-120 meshes.
3. The method for preparing the land improvement sludge biochar according to the claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the potassium bicarbonate water solution to the activated carbon is 2-3: 1; the concentration of the potassium bicarbonate water solution is 0.6-0.8 mol/L.
4. The method for preparing the land improvement sludge biochar as claimed in claim 1, wherein the standing is 12-15 h.
5. The method for preparing land improvement sludge biochar as claimed in claim 1, wherein pH = 6-7.
6. The method for preparing the land improvement sludge biochar according to the claim 1, characterized in that the pH is adjusted to 6-7 by hydrochloric acid aqueous solution; keeping the temperature at room temperature for 1.5-2.5 h.
7. The method for preparing land improvement sludge biochar as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water content of the dewatered sludge is 18-25 wt%.
8. The method for preparing biochar from the improved land sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of potassium persulfate, talcum powder, polyamine and starch is 1-2: 1-2: 3-5: 1-2; the weight volume g/L ratio of the potassium persulfate to the sludge is 1: 7-8; the weight ratio of the additive to the sludge is 0.8-1: 1.
9. the method for preparing the land improvement sludge biochar according to the claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the regulator to the dewatered sludge is 2-3: 10; the weight ratio of humic acid to citric acid is 2-3: 1; the sludge biochar is 60-70 meshes.
10. A soil improvement sludge biochar produced by the method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN114570329B (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2024-01-12 | 浙江卓锦环保科技股份有限公司 | Preparation process and application of sludge biochar |
| CN115537207A (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2022-12-30 | 城康材料技术有限公司 | Novel soil remediation agent and preparation method and application thereof |
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