CN115490555A - Soil for gardens prepared from municipal sludge - Google Patents
Soil for gardens prepared from municipal sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN115490555A CN115490555A CN202211297999.1A CN202211297999A CN115490555A CN 115490555 A CN115490555 A CN 115490555A CN 202211297999 A CN202211297999 A CN 202211297999A CN 115490555 A CN115490555 A CN 115490555A
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- municipal sludge
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- powder
- mixture
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 241000228245 Aspergillus niger Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical group O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000396 dipotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019797 dipotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 28
- 239000002156 adsorbate Substances 0.000 description 14
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 10
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 8
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000589651 Zoogloea Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000009519 fu-yuan Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P].[K] Chemical compound [N].[P].[K] WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052588 hydroxylapatite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000000010 microbial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XYJRXVWERLGGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;hydroxide;triphosphate Chemical group [OH-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O XYJRXVWERLGGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 1
- 229940085991 phosphate ion Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 silt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/80—Separation, elimination or disposal of harmful substances during the treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/40—Fertilisers incorporated into a matrix
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the field of municipal sludge treatment, and particularly discloses garden soil prepared from municipal sludge. The soil for gardens is prepared by mixing a thoroughly decomposed mixture and an additive, wherein the thoroughly decomposed mixture comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 500-700 parts of municipal sludge and 300-500 parts of conditioner, wherein the additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.5 to 1.5 portions of microbial inoculum, 0.5 to 1.5 portions of biological fertilizer, 0.05 to 0.15 portion of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.05 to 0.15 portion of potassium sulfate and 0.1 to 0.3 portion of urea. The application of soil for gardens can be used to green planting, can effectively reduce the influence of mud secondary pollution to the environment.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of municipal sludge treatment, in particular to garden soil prepared from municipal sludge.
Background
Because municipal sludge in China is mainly residual sludge discharged after secondary biochemical treatment of a sewage treatment plant or mixed sludge formed by mixing with a primary sedimentation tank, the content of organic matters is high, the hydrophilicity is strong, and polyacrylamide flocculation is adopted before mechanical dehydration is carried out, the moisture content of the dehydrated sludge is high, and great difficulty is added for subsequent treatment or utilization.
The municipal sludge mainly contains organic matters and humus, and mainly contains solid particles such as silt, fibers, animal and plant residues and floccules formed by flocculation of the solid particles, zoogloea formed by a plurality of microorganisms, organic matters adsorbed by the zoogloea, heavy metal elements, salts, nutrient substances such as nitrogen and phosphorus, pathogenic microorganisms, parasitic ova and other comprehensive solids.
At present, the safe disposal rate of sludge is low, and a large amount of wet sludge is transported outside at will and is simply buried or landfilled to the other side, so that secondary pollution is caused, and the environment is badly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to reduce the influence of mud secondary pollution to the environment, this application provides a gardens and uses soil by municipal sludge preparation, adopts following technical scheme:
a soil for gardens prepared from municipal sludge is prepared by mixing a rotten mixture and an additive, wherein the rotten mixture comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 500-700 parts of municipal sludge and 300-500 parts of conditioner, wherein the additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.5 to 1.5 portions of microbial agent, 0.5 to 1.5 portions of biological fertilizer, 0.05 to 0.15 portion of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.05 to 0.15 portion of potassium sulfate and 0.1 to 0.3 portion of urea.
By adopting the technical scheme, the decomposed mixture is prepared by using the municipal sludge and the conditioner and serves as a basic substance of the soil for the gardens, on the basis, the microbial agent and the biological fertilizer elements are added to provide nutrition for plant growth, and the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and the potassium sulfate are added into the soil as inorganic salts, so that the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil for the gardens is improved, the plant growth is promoted, the reutilization of the municipal sludge is realized, and the secondary pollution caused by the municipal sludge is effectively reduced.
Preferably, the thoroughly decomposed mixtureThe preparation method comprises the following steps: s1, deodorization and sterilization: carrying out ozone oxidation on municipal sludge for 4 hours; s2, stirring and mixing: stirring and mixing the municipal sludge oxidized by ozone and a conditioner uniformly; s3, adding strains: adding mixed bacterial powder, stirring and mixing uniformly, wherein the adding amount of the mixed bacterial powder is that the sum of the weights of the municipal sludge and the conditioner is =0.2%; s4, fermenting and decomposing: adopting an intermittent turning fermentation mode, turning and throwing once at intervals of 3d, wherein each 1m 3 The forced ventilation rate of the materials is 0.2m 3 And/min, discontinuously ventilating for 12h, and fermenting for 15d to obtain a thoroughly decomposed mixture.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, earlier through ozone oxidation deodorization and exterminate some bacterium, then mix municipal sludge after the deodorization sterilization with the amendment and improve municipal sludge structure, add the mixed fungus powder solution again and promote the fermentation maturity of mixture, the ripe mixture that becomes thoroughly decomposed is as the basic material of soil for the gardens to realize the reuse to mud, reduce the secondary pollution that mud brought.
Preferably, the conditioner is one or more of mushroom residue, furfural residue, and rice hull bran.
By adopting the technical scheme, after the conditioner is added, the mushroom residue, the furfural residue and the rice hull and bran can improve the structure of the sludge, and the rapid heating in the sludge fermentation and decomposition stage is facilitated, so that the compost decomposition is accelerated.
Preferably, the mixed bacterial powder used in S3 includes bacillus subtilis powder, aspergillus niger bacterial powder and saccharomycete powder, and the weight ratio of the bacillus subtilis powder to the aspergillus niger bacterial powder to the saccharomycete powder is 1.
By adopting the technical scheme, various bacterial powders are mixed into the mixture, so that the mixture is promoted to be thoroughly decomposed in the fermentation and decomposition stage, organic matters in the sludge are decomposed, and the fermentation conversion rate is improved.
Preferably, the heavy metal stabilizer also comprises 20 to 100 parts.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, heavy metal stabilizer adsorbs the heavy metal in to the soil to reduce by the absorptive heavy metal of plant, effectively reduce the influence of heavy metal to vegetation in the municipal sludge.
Preferably, the heavy metal stabilizer comprises a modified load, a composite adhesive and an externally attached adsorbate, wherein the weight ratio of the modified load to the composite adhesive to the externally attached adsorbate is 10.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, use compound adhesive to adhere to the external adsorbate on modified load to make the external adsorbate concentrate on modified load, modified load can be followed gardens and separated out with soil as the carrier simultaneously, and then realize the separation to heavy metal in gardens and use soil, effectively reduce the influence of heavy metal to vegetation.
Preferably, the modified support is prepared by the following steps: mixing and dissolving diammonium hydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and deionized water according to the weight ratio of 3.
By adopting the technical scheme, phosphate is stored in the modified load body, and after the phosphate enters the soil, the phosphate is combined with heavy metal ions so that the heavy metal ions are not active any more, thereby reducing the heavy metal absorbed by plants.
Preferably, the composite adhesive comprises 20% by weight of zirconium oxide suspension and aqueous polyurethane resin, and the weight ratio of the zirconium oxide suspension to the aqueous polyurethane resin is 1.
By adopting the technical scheme, the water-based polyurethane resin is used as the adhesive, so that the pollution to soil is reduced, and the strength of the adhesive layer can be improved by the zirconium oxide, so that the connection of the externally-attached adsorbate on the modified load is more stable.
Preferably, the heavy metal stabilizer is prepared by the following steps: mixing and stirring the modified load body and the composite adhesive uniformly, spreading the mixture, adding the externally attached absorbent, mixing and stirring the mixture uniformly, drying the mixture for 3 hours at 50 ℃, and extruding the mixture to crack the surface, wherein the width of the crack is 0.2-0.5 mm, thereby preparing the heavy metal stabilizer.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through according with the binder bonding external adsorbate on the modified load body that has the phosphate, then the extrusion makes its surface fracture, and the heavy metal is directly adsorbed on the adsorbate on the one hand, and on the other hand the inside phosphate of modified load body gets into and combines with the heavy metal in the soil, then on the modified load body of absorption again, further improves the adsorption effect of heavy metal stabilizer to heavy metal.
Preferably, the soil for gardens is prepared by the following steps: and mixing the decomposed mixture and the additive, and uniformly stirring to obtain the garden soil.
By adopting the technical scheme, the thoroughly decomposed mixture is used as a basic substance to be mixed with the additive, so that nutrients and inorganic salts are added on the basis of the thoroughly decomposed mixture, and the growth of plants is further promoted.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. because this application adopts municipal sludge and conditioner to mix and becomes thoroughly decomposed to municipal sludge modifies, adds microbial inoculum, biological fertile element, urea and inorganic salt and provides elements such as nutrient composition and nitrogen phosphorus potassium for the plant again, thereby makes municipal sludge change into the gardens that can supply vegetation and use soil, carries out effectual recycle to municipal sludge, effectively reduces the secondary pollution of municipal sludge to the environment.
2. In this application, mix as the conditioner with mushroom sediment, furfural sediment and rice husk chaff among the mixture maturity process to change municipal sludge structure, be favorable to the compost intensification among the maturity process, and then be favorable to improving the compost conversion rate, be favorable to killing pathogenic bacteria and worm's ovum etc. simultaneously, reduce the influence of former municipal sludge to vegetation.
3. In this application, the heavy metal stabilizer adsorbs the heavy metal through outside external adsorbate at first, thereby it is adsorbed on the modified load to combine to form corresponding phosphate with the heavy metal in the soil to get into modified load inside phosphate ion, when using aqueous polyurethane resin to bond, zirconia's addition can improve the intensity of the adhesive linkage that aqueous polyurethane resin formed, make modified load receive extrusion fracture still can keep relatively complete shape, be convenient for separate out the heavy metal adsorbent from gardens with soil.
Detailed Description
In the application, the municipal sludge comes from sewage plants in Shijiazhuang city in Hebei province, and the mushroom residues are purchased and sold in the market with the particle size of 5-10 mm; the furfural residue contains 55% of water and 75% of organic matters in bulk, and is purchased from the market; the fineness of the rice hull bran is 6 meshes, and the rice hull bran is purchased from the market; the bacillus subtilis powder, cfu200 hundred million/gram, is purchased from the market; aspergillus niger bacterial powder cfu100 hundred million/gram, purchased from market; the saccharomycete powder is saccharomyces cerevisiae powder with cfu of 200 hundred million/g, and is purchased from the market; the microbial agent is purchased from Beijing Zhongnong Fuyuan group Limited, and the Fuyuan series is 200 hundred million and 1 kilogram; ammonium dihydrogen phosphate is purchased from the market; potassium sulfate is purchased from the market; bio-compost factor-amrs, purchased from commercial sources; the grain size of the ceramsite is 3-5mm, and the ceramsite is purchased from the market; diammonium phosphate, purchased from commercial sources; dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, purchased from commercial sources; the zirconia suspension with the mass fraction of 20% is prepared by mixing zirconia and water, the fineness of the zirconia is 200 meshes, and the zirconia suspension is purchased from the market; the waterborne polyurethane resin is purchased from the market; the adsorbate is hydroxyapatite with particle size of 4.5 μm, and is purchased from commercial products, and urea is purchased from commercial products.
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Preparation example
Preparation example 1
The preparation example discloses a heavy metal stabilizer, which is prepared by the following steps:
s1, mixing and dissolving diammonium hydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and deionized water according to a weight ratio of 3;
mixing the zirconia suspension with the mass fraction of 20% and the waterborne polyurethane resin according to the weight ratio of 1;
s2, mixing and stirring 10kg of modified load and 4kg of composite adhesive uniformly, spreading, adding 3kg of externally attached absorbent, mixing and stirring uniformly, drying at 50 ℃ for 3h, and extruding to crack the surface, wherein the width of the crack is 0.2-0.5 mm, thereby preparing the heavy metal stabilizer.
Preparation example 2
The preparation example discloses a heavy metal stabilizer, which is different from the preparation example 1 in that: and replacing the modified load with ceramsite.
Preparation example 3
The preparation example discloses a heavy metal stabilizer, which is different from the preparation example 1 in that: so that no composite bond is added.
Preparation example 4
The preparation example discloses a heavy metal stabilizer, which is different from the preparation example 1 in that: no exoadsorbate was added.
Preparation example 5
The preparation example discloses a heavy metal stabilizer, which is different from the preparation example 1 in that: no composite binder and no external adsorbate was added.
Preparation example 6
The preparation example discloses a heavy metal stabilizer, which is different from the preparation example 1 in that: no modified support and no composite binder were added.
Examples
Example 1
This example discloses a soil for gardens prepared from municipal sludge, which was prepared by the following steps,
firstly, preparing a thoroughly decomposed mixture:
s1, deodorization and sterilization: carrying out ozone oxidation on municipal sludge for 4 hours; s2, stirring and mixing: stirring and mixing 500kg of municipal sludge oxidized by ozone and 300kg of conditioner uniformly; s3, adding strains: adding mixed bacteria powder, and stirring and mixing uniformly, wherein the adding amount of the mixed bacteria powder is that the sum of the weight of municipal sludge and the weight of a conditioner is =0.2%, the mixed bacteria powder comprises bacillus subtilis powder, aspergillus niger powder and saccharomycetes powder, and the weight ratio of the bacillus subtilis powder to the aspergillus niger powder to the saccharomycetes powder is 1; s4, fermenting and decomposing: adopting an intermittent turning fermentation mode, turning and throwing once at intervals of 3d, wherein each 1m 3 The forced ventilation of the materials is 0.2m 3 And/min, discontinuously ventilating for 12h, and fermenting for 15d to obtain a thoroughly decomposed mixture.
Then 0.5kg of microbial inoculum, 0.5kg of biological fertilizer, 0.05kg of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.05kg of potassium sulfate and 0.1kg of urea are added into the decomposed mixture and evenly mixed to prepare the garden soil.
Example 2
This example discloses a soil for gardens prepared from municipal sludge, which is prepared by the following steps:
firstly, preparing a thoroughly decomposed mixture:
s1, deodorization and sterilization: carrying out ozone oxidation on municipal sludge for 4 hours; s2, stirring and mixing: stirring and mixing 600kg of municipal sludge oxidized by ozone and 400kg of conditioner uniformly; s3, adding strains: adding mixed bacteria powder, stirring and mixing uniformly, wherein the adding amount of the mixed bacteria powder is that the sum of the weight of the municipal sludge and the weight of the conditioner is =0.2%, the mixed bacteria powder comprises bacillus subtilis powder, aspergillus niger bacteria powder and saccharomycete powder, and the weight ratio of the bacillus subtilis powder to the aspergillus niger bacteria powder to the saccharomycete powder is 1; s4, fermenting and decomposing: adopting an intermittent turning fermentation mode, turning and throwing once at intervals of 3d, wherein each 1m 3 The forced ventilation rate of the materials is 0.2m 3 And/min, discontinuously ventilating for 12 hours at intervals, and fermenting for 15 days to obtain a thoroughly decomposed mixture.
And then adding 1kg of microbial agent, 1kg of biological fertilizer, 0.1kg of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1kg of potassium sulfate and 0.2kg of urea into the decomposed mixture, and uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain the garden soil.
Example 3
This example discloses a soil for gardens prepared from municipal sludge, which is prepared by the following steps:
firstly, preparing a thoroughly decomposed mixture:
s1, deodorization and sterilization: carrying out ozone oxidation on municipal sludge for 4 hours; s2, stirring and mixing: stirring and mixing 700kg of municipal sludge oxidized by ozone and 500kg of conditioner uniformly; s3, adding strains: adding mixed bacteria powder, and stirring and mixing uniformly, wherein the adding amount of the mixed bacteria powder is that the sum of the weight of municipal sludge and the weight of a conditioner is =0.2%, the mixed bacteria powder comprises bacillus subtilis powder, aspergillus niger powder and saccharomycetes powder, and the weight ratio of the bacillus subtilis powder to the aspergillus niger powder to the saccharomycetes powder is 1; s4, fermenting and decomposing: by usingBatch-type turning fermentation mode, turning and throwing once every 3d, wherein each 1m 3 The forced ventilation rate of the materials is 0.2m 3 And/min, discontinuously ventilating for 12h, and fermenting for 15d to obtain a thoroughly decomposed mixture.
And then adding 1.5kg of microbial agent, 1.5kg of biological fertilizer, 0.15kg of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.15kg of potassium sulfate and 0.3kg of urea into the decomposed mixture, and uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain the garden soil.
Example 4
This example discloses a soil for gardens prepared from municipal sludge, which differs from example 2 in that: and then 20kg of the heavy metal stabilizer prepared in the preparation example 1 is added into the decomposed mixture, and the mixture is uniformly mixed and stirred to prepare the garden soil.
Example 5
This example discloses a soil for gardens prepared from municipal sludge, which differs from example 2 in that: then 60kg of the heavy metal stabilizer prepared in preparation example 1 was added to the thoroughly decomposed mixture, and the mixture was uniformly mixed and stirred to obtain soil for gardens.
Example 6
This example discloses a soil for gardens prepared from municipal sludge, which differs from example 2 in that: then, 100kg of the heavy metal stabilizer prepared in preparation example 1 was added to the thoroughly decomposed mixture, and the mixture was uniformly mixed and stirred to obtain soil for use in gardens.
Example 7
This example discloses a soil for gardens prepared from municipal sludge, which differs from example 5 in that: the heavy metal stabilizer used was that obtained in preparation example 2.
Example 8
This example discloses a soil for gardens prepared from municipal sludge, which differs from example 5 in that: the heavy metal stabilizer used was that obtained in preparation example 3.
Example 9
This example discloses a soil for gardens prepared from municipal sludge, which differs from example 5 in that: the heavy metal stabilizer used was that obtained in preparation example 4.
Example 10
This example discloses a soil for gardens prepared from municipal sludge, which differs from example 5 in that: the heavy metal stabilizer used was that obtained in preparation example 5.
Example 11
This example discloses a soil for gardens prepared from municipal sludge, which is different from example 5 in that: the heavy metal stabilizer used was that obtained in preparation example 6.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
The present comparative example discloses a soil for gardens prepared from municipal sludge, which is different from example 2 in that: municipal sludge is used for replacing the decomposed mixture.
Comparative example 2
The present comparative example discloses a soil for gardens prepared from municipal sludge, which is different from example 2 in that: 600kg of municipal sludge and 400kg of conditioner are used to replace the thoroughly decomposed mixture.
Performance test
The soil for gardens prepared in the examples and comparative examples was tested, and the specific test contents were as follows:
each example or comparative example is provided with 3 parallel samples, wheat seeds with uniform sizes are selected and respectively sowed in prepared soil for gardens, 50 wheat seeds are sowed in each sample, the thickness of sowing covering soil is 1cm, the temperature is kept at 25 ℃, water is sprayed every day, and the water content is kept appropriate. And meanwhile, a control group only containing municipal sludge is arranged.
The percentage of the number of normal germinating seeds in the total number of test seeds was counted from the start of the seeds in the constant temperature environment to the end of the 5 th day, and the average value was taken for each example or comparative example.
TABLE 1 Performance test data sheet
| Percentage of germination (%) | |
| Example 1 | 70 |
| Example 2 | 78 |
| Example 3 | 74 |
| Example 4 | 90 |
| Example 5 | 98 |
| Example 6 | 94 |
| Example 7 | 88 |
| Example 8 | 84 |
| Example 9 | 86 |
| Example 10 | 82 |
| Example 11 | 78 |
| Comparative example 1 | 24 |
| Comparative example 2 | 20 |
| Control group | 10 |
By combining the example 2, the comparative example 1, the comparative example 2 and the control group and combining the table 1, the municipal sludge is mixed with the conditioner to prepare the rotten clinker, and then is mixed with other additives to prepare the garden soil, so that the municipal sludge is recycled, the plant growth can be met, and the secondary pollution to the environment can be reduced.
It can be seen by combining the embodiment 2 and the embodiments 4 to 6 with table 1 that the heavy metals in the municipal sludge are adsorbed by adding the metal stabilizer, so that the heavy metals absorbed by plants are reduced, the influence of the heavy metals on the growth of the plants is further effectively reduced, and the recycling effect of the municipal sludge is further improved.
As can be seen from the combination of example 2, example 5, example 8 and example 11 and table 1, the composite adhesive adheres the adsorbate to the surface of the modified support, so that the heavy metal is accumulated on the modified support, and when the adsorbate is uniformly dispersed in the soil, the heavy metal is uniformly dispersed in the soil for gardens even if adsorbed, so that the plants are still greatly affected by the heavy metal, and after the heavy metal is accumulated, the part of the soil without the heavy metal stabilizer is less affected by the heavy metal, and the effect of the heavy metal on the growth of the plant root from this area is also reduced.
In combination with example 2, example 5, example 7, example 9 and example 10 and table 1, it can be seen that when the external adsorbate is absent to adsorb heavy metal and the heavy metal approaches the modified carrier, the modified carrier has poor effect on adsorbing heavy metal, and the modified carrier can only be bound with heavy metal by internal phosphate ions, and the absorption promotion process is slow relative to the external adsorbate, so that the plant is still greatly affected by heavy metal.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The garden soil prepared from municipal sludge is characterized by being prepared by mixing a rotten mixture and an additive, wherein the rotten mixture comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 500-700 parts of municipal sludge and 300-500 parts of conditioner, wherein the additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.5 to 1.5 portions of microbial inoculum, 0.5 to 1.5 portions of biological fertilizer, 0.05 to 0.15 portion of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.05 to 0.15 portion of potassium sulfate and 0.1 to 0.3 portion of urea.
2. The garden soil prepared from municipal sludge according to claim 1, wherein the compost is prepared by the steps of: s1, deodorization and sterilization: carrying out ozone oxidation on municipal sludge for 4 hours; s2, stirring and mixing: stirring and mixing the municipal sludge oxidized by ozone and a conditioner uniformly; s3, adding strains: adding mixed bacterial powder, stirring and mixing uniformly, wherein the adding amount of the mixed bacterial powder is that the sum of the weights of the municipal sludge and the conditioner is =0.2%; s4, fermenting and decomposing: adopting an intermittent turning fermentation mode, turning and throwing once at intervals of 3d, wherein each 1m 3 The forced ventilation rate of the materials is 0.2m 3 And/min, discontinuously ventilating for 12h, and fermenting for 15d to obtain a thoroughly decomposed mixture.
3. The garden soil prepared from municipal sludge according to claim 2, wherein the conditioner is one or more of mushroom residue, furfural residue, and rice hull bran.
4. The garden soil prepared from the municipal sludge according to claim 3, wherein the mixed bacterial powder used in S3 comprises Bacillus subtilis powder, aspergillus niger powder and saccharomycetes powder, and the weight ratio of the Bacillus subtilis powder to the Aspergillus niger powder to the saccharomycetes powder is 1.
5. The garden soil prepared from municipal sludge according to claim 1, wherein: also comprises 20 to 100 parts of heavy metal stabilizer.
6. The garden soil prepared from municipal sludge according to claim 5, wherein the heavy metal stabilizer comprises a modified support, a composite binder and an exosorbent, and the weight ratio of the modified support, the composite binder and the exosorbent is 10.
7. The garden soil prepared from municipal sludge according to claim 6, wherein the modified support is prepared by: mixing and dissolving diammonium phosphate, dipotassium phosphate and deionized water according to the weight ratio of 3.
8. The garden soil prepared from the municipal sludge according to claim 7, wherein the composite adhesive comprises 20% by weight of a zirconia suspension and an aqueous polyurethane resin in a weight ratio of 1.
9. The garden soil prepared from municipal sludge according to claim 6, wherein said heavy metal stabilizer is prepared by the following steps: mixing and stirring the modified load body and the composite adhesive uniformly, spreading the mixture, adding the externally attached absorbent, mixing and stirring the mixture uniformly, drying the mixture for 3 hours at 50 ℃, and extruding the mixture to crack the surface, wherein the width of the crack is 0.2-0.5 mm, thereby preparing the heavy metal stabilizer.
10. The garden soil prepared from municipal sludge according to claim 1, wherein the garden soil is prepared by the steps of: and mixing and stirring the decomposed mixture and the additive uniformly to obtain the garden soil.
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