CN115487215A - 一种同时提高人参皂苷Rb2、Rd、Rh4含量的红参加工方法 - Google Patents
一种同时提高人参皂苷Rb2、Rd、Rh4含量的红参加工方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115487215A CN115487215A CN202211184942.0A CN202211184942A CN115487215A CN 115487215 A CN115487215 A CN 115487215A CN 202211184942 A CN202211184942 A CN 202211184942A CN 115487215 A CN115487215 A CN 115487215A
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Abstract
本发明涉及人参产品加工技术领域,具体涉及一种同时提高人参皂苷Rb2、Rd、Rh4含量的红参加工方法,本发明通过将五年生园参经过清洗、蒸制、烘干和冷藏,再二次蒸制、烘干和冷藏,制得红参制品,所制备的红参制品,具有优异的人参皂苷Rb2、Rd、Rh4含量,可调节心血管系统,预防和减少高血脂症和动脉粥样硬化症的发生,保护心脏和血管的正常生理功能,预防和治疗糖尿病等效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及人参产品加工技术领域,具体涉及一种同时提高人参皂苷Rb2、Rd、Rh4含量的红参加工方法。
背景技术
红参(学名:Talinum paniculatum(Jacq.)Gaertn.)是五加科人参属多年生草本。根茎短,直立,每年增生一节,通称“芦头”,有时其上生一至数条不定根(芋)。主根粗壮,肉质,圆柱形或纺锤形。掌状复叶轮生茎端,复叶有长柄,小叶片多为5,边缘有细锯齿,上面沿脉有稀疏刚毛。红参为五加科人参的栽培品经过蒸制后的干燥根及根茎,于秋季采挖,洗净蒸制后,干燥。红参具有很高的药用价值。
人参皂苷Rb2功效作用:任煜的《人参皂苷Rg2对离体大鼠胸主动脉平滑肌的作用及作用机制研究》表明人参皂苷Rg2具有良好的舒张血管作用;王珂的《人参皂苷Rb2对小鼠非酒精性脂肪肝病的治疗作用及其机制研究》表明人参皂苷Rb2可能通过调节SIRT6/PGC-1α/PTP1B通路缓解小鼠非酒精性脂肪肝;孙光芝的《人参皂苷Rb2的药理学研究概况》中综述了人参皂苷Rb2在脂代谢、糖代谢、视网膜色素上皮细胞、DNA、RNA以及蛋白质的合成、肿瘤细胞、中枢神经系统、心血管系统等方面的药理作用,且Rb2的不同药理活性间是互相协调,互相促进的,如其降脂降糖使血液恢复正常的黏度和流速可调解血压;清除血浆中过量的脂和糖及杂物、减少其对心血管的危害,可调节心血管系统,预防和减少高血脂症和动脉粥样硬化症的发生,保护心脏和血管的正常生理功能,同时还能起到预防和治疗糖尿病的作用。
人参皂苷Rd功效作用:呼延丽的《人参皂苷Rd对非家族性高血脂SD大鼠血管保护的作用机制》中表明人参皂苷Rd对非家族性高血脂SD大鼠血管具有保护作用,呈剂量依赖性。此研究结果为临床上非家族性高脂血症药物治疗提供理论基础;李玲的《基于NF-κB表达探讨人参皂苷Rd对冈田酸诱导的神经细胞损伤的保护作用》表明人参皂苷Rd能抑制冈田酸诱导的海马神经元及海马CA1区注射冈田酸大鼠皮质和海马内NF-κB表达,从而减轻神经元损伤,具有神经保护作用;张佳舒的《人参皂苷Rd对组蛋白H3乙酰化的调控机制研究》中表明了人参皂苷Rd通过上调HDAC2,下调组蛋白H3K9和H3K18位赖氨酸位点的乙酰化水平,从而影响下游基因的转录激活;卢丞文的《人参皂苷Rd药理活性和制备方法研究进展》综述了人参皂苷Rd具有保护心血管系统、保护神经系统、抗衰老、抗肿瘤等多种药理作用。
人参皂苷Rh4功效作用:王雪莲的《人参皂苷Rh4调控ERK和AKT信号通路对T-ALL细胞凋亡的影响》表明了人参皂苷Rh4可通过抑制AKT和ERK通路抑制T-ALL细胞系Molt4增殖并促进其凋亡;王梓的《人参皂苷Rh4诱导肝癌细胞HepG2的凋亡及分子机制》表明了人参皂苷Rh4可诱导人肝癌HepG2细胞凋亡;余潇苓的《低极性人参皂苷Rh4对K562白血病细胞抑制增殖及诱导分化的研究》中表明了表明了人参皂苷Rh4不但能够有效地抑制K562细胞增殖,阻滞细胞进入增殖周期;而且具有诱导其向红系、粒系和巨核系分化的趋向。
根据文献可知,人参Rb2、Rd、Rh4对人体具有诸多功效。
目前市面上红参产品非常多,没有统一的加工方法,且红参产品质量参差不齐,导致红参中的人参皂苷含量差异较大。专利申请号为CN201911280076.3的“一种提高红参中人参皂苷含量的方法及其制备获得红参产品和应用”专利、专利申请号为CN201910196649.8的“一种提高人参皂苷Rg3、Rg5和RK1含量的红参加工方法”的专利、专利申请号为CN201610809172.的“一种红参制品的加工方法”的专利、专利申请号为CN202210464992.8的“一种提高人参稀有皂苷含量的红参加工方法”的专利以及专利申请号为CN201910627991.9的“一种增加人参皂苷Rg3、Rh2含量的人参加工方法及得到的加工人参和应用”的专利。上述专利虽然给出了红参的加工方法,但是未见有同时提升Rb2、Rd、Rh4含量的红参加工方法。
发明内容
针对现有技术所存在的上述缺点,本发明在于提供一种同时提高人参皂苷Rb2、Rd、Rh4含量的红参加工方法,本发明所制备的红参制品,具有优异的人参皂苷Rb2、Rd、Rh4含量,可调节心血管系统,预防和减少高血脂症和动脉粥样硬化症的发生,保护心脏和血管的正常生理功能,预防和治疗糖尿病等效果。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了如下技术方案:
本发明提供了一种同时提高人参皂苷Rb2、Rd、Rh4含量的红参加工方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将鲜参用毛刷洗净后沥干;
(2)将鲜参蒸制处理后,停止加热,保持原状在蒸柜中自然放置至少12h;
(3)将园参转移到烘箱中42℃烘干,烘干到手指按压参体不再发软为止;
(4)自然降温后装入自封袋后冷藏;
(5)二次蒸制,保持原状在蒸柜中自然放置至少12h,再次42℃持续烘干到参体坚硬为止,并密封冷藏保存。
本发明进一步的设置为:在步骤(1)中,所述的鲜参为五年生园参。
本发明进一步的设置为:在步骤(2)中,所述的蒸制温度为100℃。
本发明进一步的设置为:在步骤(2)中,所述的蒸制时间为2h。
本发明进一步的设置为:在步骤(3)中,所述的烘干时间在72h以上。
本发明进一步的设置为:在步骤(5)中,所述的二次蒸制的温度为100℃,时间为1.5h。
本发明进一步的设置为:在步骤(5)中,所述的密封冷藏保存温度为0℃。
有益效果
采用本发明提供的技术方案,与已知的公有技术相比,具有如下有益效果:
本发明通过将五年生园参经过清洗、蒸制、烘干和冷藏,再二次蒸制、烘干和冷藏,制得红参制品,所制备的红参制品,具有优异的人参皂苷Rb2、Rd、Rh4含量,可调节心血管系统,预防和减少高血脂症和动脉粥样硬化症的发生,保护心脏和血管的正常生理功能,预防和治疗糖尿病等效果。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种同时提高人参皂苷Rb2、Rd、Rh4含量的红参加工方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的描述。
实施例:
本发明提供了一种同时提高人参皂苷Rb2、Rd、Rh4含量的红参加工方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将鲜参用毛刷洗净后沥干。
其中,鲜参为五年生园参。
(2)将鲜参蒸制处理后,停止加热,保持原状在蒸柜中自然放置至少12h。
其中,蒸制温度为100℃。
(3)将园参转移到烘箱中42℃烘干,烘干到手指按压参体不再发软为止。
其中,烘干时间在72h以上。
(4)自然降温后装入自封袋后冷藏。
(5)二次蒸制,保持原状在蒸柜中自然放置至少12h,再次42℃持续烘干到参体坚硬为止,并密封冷藏保存。
其中,二次蒸制的温度为100℃,时间为1.5h。
密封冷藏保存温度为0℃。
成分检测:
按照实施例的方法制备本发明的红参,再取市售的红参1、红参2、红参3、红参4和红参5,进行人参皂苷含量检测实验。将所有红参样品粉碎处理,过4号筛(65目),各个样品取细粉200mg,加入50ml甲醇超声半个小时,放置过夜,再次超声2h,过0.22μm滤膜取10μL注入色谱仪测定。检测结果如表1所示。
表1:不同红参产品Rb2、Rd、Rh4含量记录表
由表1可知,本发明所制备的红参,其人参皂苷Rb2、Rd、Rh4含量明显高于其他市售的红参。本发明所提供的方法,可显著提升人参皂苷Rb2、Rd、Rh4含量。
通过检测部分市售红参及查阅已有文献中红参皂苷含量的数据,发现徐文武的《一测多评法同时测定红参中11种人参皂苷的含量》选取同一批红参产品进行检测,其中红参皂苷Rb2和Rd的含量为0.1149%和0.0569%,本发明所加工的产品人参皂苷Rb2和Rd的含量为0.408%和0.317%,分别提升了约3.55倍和5.57倍;冯伟红的《基于高分离度和对照图谱的红参中9种人参皂苷类成分“一测多评”质量评价研究》中29批次的红参中的Rb2含量,仅有一个批次红参中的Rb2含量略高为0.47%,剩下的28批次红参中Rb2的含量在0.046%-0.313%之间,Rd含量在0.02%-0.2%之间;自行购买的部分市售红参的Rb2含量从0.01%-0.09%不等、Rd的含量从0.03%-0.25%不等;由此可见此本发明所提供的加工红参可以显著提升人参皂苷Rb2和Rd的含量。王玉方的《UPLC-ESI-MS/MS法测定人参、红参和西洋参中多种皂苷含量》中检测出的红参样品中人参皂苷Rh4的含量为0.0843%,检测自行购买的部分市售红参样品中的Rh4含量在0.01%-0.13%之间,采用此方法制备的红参中的Rh4含量为0.218%,高于大部分市售红参产品。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不会使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种同时提高人参皂苷Rb2、Rd、Rh4含量的红参加工方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将鲜参用毛刷洗净后沥干;
(2)将鲜参蒸制处理后,停止加热,保持原状在蒸柜中自然放置至少12h;
(3)将园参转移到烘箱中42℃烘干,烘干到手指按压参体不再发软为止;
(4)自然降温后装入自封袋后冷藏;
(5)二次蒸制,保持原状在蒸柜中自然放置至少12h,再次42℃持续烘干到参体坚硬为止,并密封冷藏保存。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种同时提高人参皂苷Rb2、Rd、Rh4含量的红参加工方法,其特征在于,在步骤(1)中,所述的鲜参为五年生园参。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种同时提高人参皂苷Rb2、Rd、Rh4含量的红参加工方法,其特征在于,在步骤(2)中,所述的蒸制温度为100℃。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种同时提高人参皂苷Rb2、Rd、Rh4含量的红参加工方法,其特征在于,在步骤(2)中,所述的蒸制时间为2h。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种同时提高人参皂苷Rb2、Rd、Rh4含量的红参加工方法,其特征在于,在步骤(3)中,所述的烘干时间在72h以上。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种同时提高人参皂苷Rb2、Rd、Rh4含量的红参加工方法,其特征在于,在步骤(5)中,所述的二次蒸制的温度为100℃,时间为1.5h。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种同时提高人参皂苷Rb2、Rd、Rh4含量的红参加工方法,其特征在于,在步骤(5)中,所述的密封冷藏保存温度为0℃。
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