CN115485323A - 用于生产模塑配混料的方法 - Google Patents
用于生产模塑配混料的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115485323A CN115485323A CN202180032387.7A CN202180032387A CN115485323A CN 115485323 A CN115485323 A CN 115485323A CN 202180032387 A CN202180032387 A CN 202180032387A CN 115485323 A CN115485323 A CN 115485323A
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- plasticizer
- pvc
- citrate
- phthalate
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000000206 moulding compound Substances 0.000 title description 17
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920001944 Plastisol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004999 plastisol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L phthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QZCLKYGREBVARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetyl tributyl citrate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CC(C(=O)OCCCC)(OC(C)=O)CC(=O)OCCCC QZCLKYGREBVARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZFOZVQLOBQUTQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tributyl citrate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CC(O)(C(=O)OCCCC)CC(=O)OCCCC ZFOZVQLOBQUTQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 acetyl tri (2-ethylhexyl) citrate Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001558 benzoic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- KQCRKIGRQQCXDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-2-(2-oxo-2-tridecoxyethyl)butanedioic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KQCRKIGRQQCXDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ALKCLFLTXBBMMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,7-dimethylocta-1,6-dien-3-yl hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCC(=O)OC(C)(C=C)CCC=C(C)C ALKCLFLTXBBMMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DOOTYTYQINUNNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethyl citrate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(O)(C(=O)OCC)CC(=O)OCC DOOTYTYQINUNNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OGBUMNBNEWYMNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N batilol Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOCC(O)CO OGBUMNBNEWYMNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid group Chemical group C(C1=CC=CC=C1)(=O)O WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZFMQKOWCDKKBIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(3,5-difluorophenyl)phosphane Chemical compound FC1=CC(F)=CC(PC=2C=C(F)C=C(F)C=2)=C1 ZFMQKOWCDKKBIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QSAWQNUELGIYBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCCCC1C(O)=O QSAWQNUELGIYBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001069 triethyl citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VMYFZRTXGLUXMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl citrate Natural products CCOC(=O)C(O)(C(=O)OCC)C(=O)OCC VMYFZRTXGLUXMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013769 triethyl citrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- AMMPRZCMKXDUNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N trihexyl 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(=O)CC(O)(C(=O)OCCCCCC)CC(=O)OCCCCCC AMMPRZCMKXDUNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- APVVRLGIFCYZHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctyl 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CC(O)(C(=O)OCCCCCCCC)CC(=O)OCCCCCCCC APVVRLGIFCYZHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 29
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 28
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- DNUPYEDSAQDUSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl benzoate Chemical compound OCCOCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 DNUPYEDSAQDUSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- AHSGHEXYEABOKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-benzoyloxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl benzoate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OCCOCCOCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 AHSGHEXYEABOKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AHLWZBVXSWOPPL-RGYGYFBISA-N 20-deoxy-20-oxophorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate Chemical compound C([C@]1(O)C(=O)C(C)=C[C@H]1[C@@]1(O)[C@H](C)[C@H]2OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(C=O)=C[C@H]1[C@H]1[C@]2(OC(C)=O)C1(C)C AHLWZBVXSWOPPL-RGYGYFBISA-N 0.000 description 1
- GPZYYYGYCRFPBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-Hydroxyflavone Chemical compound C=1C(=O)C2=CC(O)=CC=C2OC=1C1=CC=CC=C1 GPZYYYGYCRFPBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMVMVEZHMZTUHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N DL-Propylene glycol dibenzoate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OC(C)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 UMVMVEZHMZTUHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004803 Di-2ethylhexylphthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical group Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001602688 Pama Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJVBLROMQZEFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-L acid red 26 Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].CC1=CC(C)=CC=C1N=NC1=C(O)C(S([O-])(=O)=O)=CC2=CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)=CC=C12 YJVBLROMQZEFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910021502 aluminium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SAOKZLXYCUGLFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC SAOKZLXYCUGLFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- YCZJVRCZIPDYHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ditridecyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCCC YCZJVRCZIPDYHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011325 microbead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010137 moulding (plastic) Methods 0.000 description 1
- JFOJYGMDZRCSPA-UHFFFAOYSA-J octadecanoate;tin(4+) Chemical compound [Sn+4].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O JFOJYGMDZRCSPA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012766 organic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940099800 pigment red 48 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940114930 potassium stearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ANBFRLKBEIFNQU-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;octadecanoate Chemical compound [K+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O ANBFRLKBEIFNQU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium octadecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010215 titanium dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/0016—Plasticisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/20—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring
- C08J3/203—Solid polymers with solid and/or liquid additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/18—Plasticising macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
- C08K5/12—Esters; Ether-esters of cyclic polycarboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/04—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
- C08L27/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D183/04—Polysiloxanes
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
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- C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08J2327/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
- C08J2327/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
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- C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
- C08K5/11—Esters; Ether-esters of acyclic polycarboxylic acids
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Abstract
用于生产模塑配混料的方法，所述模塑配混料至少由粘合剂和增塑剂组成，所述粘合剂和所述增塑剂呈增塑溶胶的形式，所述增塑溶胶基本上由PVC和增塑剂组成，其特征在于，所述生产方法在以下步骤中进行：在第一步骤中，使PVC粉末和一定量的增塑剂与任何其他补充剂和/或添加剂经受混合过程，并且所述混合过程在约55至70℃的混合温度下进行。
Description
本发明涉及用于生产模塑配混料的方法。
用于使物体成型的塑性模塑配混料及其生产方法原则上是已知的。可以在工业用途中手动地或机械地设计物体。
模塑配混料也被理解为意指所谓的粘土，或者在含聚合物的配混料的情况下意指所谓的聚合物粘土。此类模塑配混料在当今日常生活中具有极其广泛的使用范围。
从现有技术中选择造型配混料形式的模塑配混料作为实例。
DE 25 15 757 C3公开了可以手动地变形并且通过加热硬化的塑性配混料。
此类配混料基本上由聚氯乙烯(PVC)、填料和含邻苯二甲酸酯的增塑剂组成。
DE 10 2005 059 143 A1还公开了不使用含邻苯二甲酸酯的增塑剂的造型配混料。
根据所选择的现有技术的此类配混料的缺点在于：其不耐受老化，并且例如，即使在未开启的包装中，造型配混料的块在长期储存之后也表现出硬度增加。因此，造型配混料难以让使用者捏合。
该问题还代表老化的理想情况，因为长的储存时间甚至会导致造型配混料的块以及模塑材料在多数情况下变得不可使用，因为其不能再被手动地捏合。
这是由于配混料中的增塑剂已经在室温下显示出相互作用的事实。这被称为处于未硬化状态的含有PVC的造型配混料的老化过程。
对于根据所提及的现有技术的造型配混料，粉状原料在20℃与30℃之间的温度下与增塑剂混合。实现25-30重量％的增塑剂吸收。单独的PVC团聚体经过一定的时间(例如，在较长储存期间)崩解，这转而产生对于增塑剂的需要，因为PVC颗粒的表面已经增加。
在这种情况下，最初储存在PVC颗粒之间的中间空间中的增塑剂(其主要决定着造型配混料的软捏合/捏合行为)不再存在。相反，增塑剂积聚在崩解的团聚体的新产生的表面上。由于这种现象，未硬化的造型配混料的硬度随时间增加。
因此，本发明的目的是创建一种用于生产不具有所提及的缺点的模塑配混料的方法，特别地使处于硬化状态的含PVC的模塑配混料的储存期间的老化过程最小化，并且从而确保较大的储存稳定性，这代表特定的消费者优点。
该目的采用权利要求1中包括的特征来实现。根据本发明的方法的有利改进和开发被包括在另外的权利要求中。
已经令人惊讶地表明，该目的可以采用根据本发明的方法实现，所述方法用于通过使粘合剂(PVC粉末)和一定量的增塑剂与任何其他补充剂和/或添加剂经受混合过程来生产模塑配混料，所述混合过程在55至70℃、优选地58至65℃的混合温度下进行。
在根据本发明的方法中，模塑配混料包括以下作为组分：
在该方法中，模塑配混料的优选实施方案包括：
模塑配混料的特别优选的实施方案包括：
已经令人惊讶地表明，通过将较高量的增塑剂供给/引入模塑配混料的PVC体系中，配混料的硬度随时间的增加被减少，从而显著改善了储存稳定性。
此外，已经令人惊讶地发现，添加至PVC粉末中的增塑剂越多，硬化过程之后配混料的所得柔韧性越高。所述较高的增塑剂含量显著地提高硬化的配混料的柔韧性。
还已经令人惊讶地表明，根据本发明的方法也可以用于在硬化过程之后获得更大的透明度。
使用根据本发明的方法生产的模塑配混料由以下组成：粘合剂，所述粘合剂呈增塑溶胶的形式，所述增塑溶胶基本上由PVC和增塑剂组成；以及任选存在的其他补充剂和/或添加剂。例如，模塑配混料可以包含至少一种填料作为另外的补充剂和/或添加剂。当混合物中增塑剂的含量被调节成使得增塑剂将其自身附接至PVC颗粒的表面并且储存在固体颗粒之间的中间空间中，从而形成“可捏合的耐受性(Widerstand)”时，呈现根据本发明的模塑配混料。如果增塑剂含量过低(即，增塑剂仅积聚在固体颗粒的表面上，而不还存在于中间空间中)，则不管模塑配混料是手动加工还是由机器加工，配混料都过硬或者非常难以成型。
另一方面，如果固体颗粒的表面和固体颗粒之间的中间空间被增塑剂完全覆盖或者甚至过饱和，则所得的模塑材料将流动性过大(zu stark flieβen)并且因此将不再能够以可控方式成型。
为了举例说明根据本发明的方法的原理，将使用造型材料进行描述，以便清楚地说明在造型材料方面本发明优于现有技术。
必须提供热，以便将现在成型的经设计/经造型的主题和物体转化成永久的固态。例如，对于造型配混料而言，这被称为所谓的烘烤硬化。增塑剂或增塑剂含量决定着硬化过程，其允许配混料由于与PVC的相互作用而硬化。
然而，已经表明，增塑剂即使在室温下储存时也对PVC颗粒或PVC固体颗粒具有一定的亲和力，并且确保部分地由团聚体组成的PVC颗粒分解，从而产生新的表面/表面区域。储存在中间空间中的增塑剂迁移通过所述新产生的表面到达所述新产生的表面。因此，模塑配混料的硬度增加，因为可模塑性由于在中间空间中缺乏液体增塑剂组分而降低。
特别的优点在于：通过在较高的温度下与较大量的增塑剂混合，可以在使用根据本发明的方法的生产过程中使团聚体崩解(＝老化过程)提前。
这最终改善了储存稳定性或者未硬化的配混料的硬度随时间的增加，例如，通过在“制造过程期间的老化过程”已经开始之后以有针对性的方式添加增塑剂。
由模塑配混料中的增塑剂的比例/含量增加而产生的另一优点在于：在硬化过程期间改善了在体系中凝胶化的能力，从而引起在硬化之后更大的弹性。已经令人惊讶地表明，通过在较高温度和相关增塑剂含量下混合并且减少填料和/或添加剂的使用，可以显著地提高烘烤硬化之后的透明度。
所使用的粘合剂(其基本上呈PVC的形式)和所添加的增塑剂形成增塑溶胶。此外，PVC可以以含乳化剂或不含乳化剂的乳液PVC、悬浮液PVC和微珠悬浮液PVC、或者各个PVC类型的混合物的形式存在。
不含邻苯二甲酸酯的增塑剂和/或含邻苯二甲酸酯的增塑剂可以用作增塑剂。
总增塑剂含量在32与60重量％之间、在优选实施方案中在35与55重量％之间、在特别优选的实施方案中在38与53重量％之间。
不含邻苯二甲酸酯的增塑剂是基于柠檬酸、己二酸和/或苯甲酸酯的。
例如，不含邻苯二甲酸酯的增塑剂是乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯、乙酰柠檬酸三(2-乙基己基)酯、柠檬酸三辛酯、柠檬酸十三烷酯、柠檬酸三丁酯、柠檬酸三己酯、柠檬酸三乙酯、己二酸二辛酯、己二酸二异癸酯、己二酸二异壬酯、己二酸双(2-乙基己基)酯、1,2-环己烷二羧酸二异壬酯、乙酸单甘油酯、苯甲酸酯、或所述物质中的至少两种的混合物。增塑剂还可以属于苯甲酸盐或苯甲酸酯的组。其2,2,4-三乙基-1,3-戊烷二基二苯甲酸酯及其衍生物、三乙二醇二苯甲酸酯、二乙二醇二苯甲酸酯、二乙二醇单苯甲酸酯和/或丙二醇二苯甲酸酯被提及作为实例。所有前述增塑剂的任何混合物都是可能的。
含邻苯二甲酸酯的增塑剂的实例是邻苯二甲酸二-2-乙基己酯、邻苯二甲酸双十三烷酯和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯。
含邻苯二甲酸酯的增塑剂的任何混合物都是可能的。也可以使用由不含邻苯二甲酸酯的增塑剂和含邻苯二甲酸酯的增塑剂组成的增塑剂的混合物。
本发明方法的优选实施方案是生产不含有含邻苯二甲酸酯的增塑剂的模塑配混料。
稳定剂改善PVC稳定性，即此外其防止分解出氯化氢。尤其是，为此目的使用金属钙、锌、锡、镁、钠和钾的无机盐和有机盐，例如硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸钠、硬脂酸钾、硬脂酸锌、硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸锡、和/或所述金属盐的混合物。
基本上使用粒径＜250μm、优选地小于100μm的无机填料和有机填料作为填料，例如高岭土、白垩、二氧化硅、滑石、氢氧化铝、和/或粉状粘土。
例如，金属闪光剂、闪光剂粉末和闪光剂薄片或者所述物质的混合物可以作为另外的填料存在，以实现特殊的光学效果。
所谓的轻质填料也可以用作填料，或者可以掺混所提及的其他填料。轻质填料的实例是中空球，特别是中空玻璃微球，例如来自3M公司或Lehmann&Voss。根据轻质填料的含量，可以设定期望的密度，所述密度有利地在0.3至1.1g/ml范围内。也可以自由地选择可商购的轻质填料的尺寸，其尺寸优选地在10至400μm范围内。
此外，也可以使用基于聚合物的填料。PAMA、PMMA和/或聚乙烯被指定作为该组的实例。
颜料可以以以下形式存在：纯形式的着色剂、粉末颜料，优选地不含偶氮的着色颜料、效应颜料和/或不含偶氮的色淀染料。大量可能的着色颜料包括颜料黄14(C.I.21095)、颜料红254(C.I.56110)、颜料橙34(C.I.21110)、颜料红122(C.I.73915)、颜料绿7(C.I.74260)、颜料白6(C.I.77891)、颜料黑7(C.I.77266)、颜料红101(C.I.77491)、颜料紫23(C.I.51319)、颜料蓝29(C.I.77007)、颜料黄185(C.I.56290)、颜料黄1(C.I.11680)、颜料红48:2(C.I.15865:2)、颜料红53:1(C.I.15585:1)、颜料橙34(C.I.21115)、颜料黄83(C.I.21108)和颜料蓝15(C.I.74160)。
这些着色剂的添加赋予模塑配混料鲜艳的外观。
珠光颜料、云母铁金属光泽颜料、聚酯闪光剂颜料和发光颜料可以被指定为另外的着色剂。
在此可以看出，不同着色的模塑配混料也可以根据需要彼此共混、混合或捏合，从而得到大理石纹效果。
将使用基于模塑配混料的框架实施例和一些配制物实施例更详细地说明本发明。
模塑配混料的框架实施例1
框架实施例2-优选的组合物
框架实施例3-特别优选的组合物
稳定剂、共稳定剂、着色剂和/或填料是可以使用的其他添加剂的实例。
配制物实施例1-黄色模塑配混料
51重量％的E-PVC和S-PVC
42重量％的基于ATBC的增塑剂
6重量％的稳定剂
0.5重量％的填料
0.5重量％的颜料黄83
配制物实施例2-硬化之后透明的模塑配混料
48重量％的E-PVC和S-PVC
52重量％的基于ATBC的增塑剂
现有技术-根据DE 10 2005 059 143的对比配制物
59重量％的PVC
24重量％的基于柠檬酸的增塑剂
1重量％的稳定剂
7重量％的共稳定剂
4重量％的填料
1重量％的颜料红254
优选使用的不含邻苯二甲酸酯的增塑剂是基于柠檬酸和/或己二酸的。
可以通过改变粘合剂含量和/或增塑剂含量来容易地调节配混料的期望稠度。
将基于以下表使用造型配混料更详细地说明本发明。
表1：在40℃下未硬化的配混料的硬度随时间的增加
已经表明，与现有技术相比，当在40℃下随时间(30天或90天)储存时，根据本申请文件的尚未在烘箱中硬化的配混料具有显著更低的硬度增加，如表1中所示。
表2：硬化的造型配混料的柔韧性
这些较高的断裂强度可以用“质构分析仪”来确定和确认。生产长度为10cm且直径为1cm的圆形断裂棒作为测试样本。
根据本发明生产的模塑配混料被用于汽车构造、家用物品、医疗设备、玩具和食品工业、以及用于上述用途的附件中。
用根据本发明生产的模塑配混料形成的制品和物体在成型之后通过热的作用来硬化。
通过使PVC粉末和一定量的增塑剂与任选存在的其他补充剂和/或添加剂经受混合过程来执行用于生产模塑配混料的方法，所述混合过程在55与70℃之间的混合温度下进行，所述模塑配混料至少由粘合剂和增塑剂组成，所述粘合剂和所述增塑剂呈增塑溶胶的形式，所述增塑溶胶基本上由PVC和增塑剂组成。
Claims (6)
1.用于生产模塑配混料的方法，所述模塑配混料至少由粘合剂和增塑剂组成，所述粘合剂和所述增塑剂呈增塑溶胶的形式，所述增塑溶胶基本上由PVC和增塑剂组成，其特征在于，所述生产方法通过以下来进行：使PVC粉末和一定量的增塑剂与任何其他补充剂和/或添加剂经受混合过程，并且所述混合过程在55至70℃的混合温度下进行。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述增塑剂含量在32与60重量％之间、优选地在35与55重量％之间、更优选地在38与53重量％之间。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述增塑剂被形成为不含邻苯二甲酸酯的增塑剂和/或含邻苯二甲酸酯的增塑剂。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述不含邻苯二甲酸酯的增塑剂是基于柠檬酸、己二酸和/或苯甲酸酯的。
5.根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，优选使用的不含邻苯二甲酸酯的增塑剂是乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯、乙酰柠檬酸三(2-乙基己基)酯、柠檬酸三辛酯、柠檬酸十三烷酯、柠檬酸三丁酯、柠檬酸三己酯、柠檬酸三乙酯、己二酸二辛酯、己二酸二异癸酯、己二酸二异壬酯、1,2-环己烷二羧酸二异壬酯、乙酸单甘油酯、苯甲酸酯、或所述物质中的至少两种的混合物。
6.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述模塑配混料至少由以下组成：
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- 2021-04-23 JP JP2022567438A patent/JP2023524161A/ja active Pending
- 2021-04-23 US US17/922,100 patent/US20230167250A1/en active Pending
- 2021-04-23 CN CN202180032387.7A patent/CN115485323A/zh active Pending
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP4146726A1 (de) | 2023-03-15 |
| CA3176394A1 (en) | 2021-11-11 |
| AU2021266857B2 (en) | 2024-08-01 |
| DE102020002693A1 (de) | 2021-11-11 |
| ZA202211408B (en) | 2024-02-28 |
| AU2021266857A1 (en) | 2022-11-17 |
| JP2023524161A (ja) | 2023-06-08 |
| KR20230019106A (ko) | 2023-02-07 |
| WO2021223907A1 (de) | 2021-11-11 |
| US20230167250A1 (en) | 2023-06-01 |
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