CN115445931A

CN115445931A - Cashew shell and kernel screening system

Info

Publication number: CN115445931A
Application number: CN202211333311.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘存完
Original assignee: Qingdao Nasen Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Qingdao Nasen Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-10-28
Filing date: 2022-10-28
Publication date: 2022-12-09
Anticipated expiration: 2042-10-28
Also published as: CN115445931B

Abstract

The invention discloses a cashew nut shell and kernel screening system which comprises a cashew nut shell opening machine, a first screening device, a first winnowing device, a first material conveying device, a drum-type separating device, a second screening device and a roller-type screening machine. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the separating device comprises a drum-type separating device, a screening device, a winnowing device and a roller type screening machine, wherein the drum-type separating device and the cashew shell separating device separate shells adhered with kernels as much as possible, the screening device, the winnowing device and the roller type screening machine screen materials in various states after the cashew shells are opened, the materials are transferred among the devices by the material conveying device, and finally high-quality automatic sorting after the cashew shells are opened is realized, so that the labor intensity of workers can be reduced, the labor is reduced, and the purpose of reducing the cost is achieved.

Description

Cashew shell and kernel screening system

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of cashew nut shell opening equipment, and particularly relates to a cashew nut shell and kernel screening system.

Background

The production and processing process of cashew nuts mainly comprises the working procedures of grading, cooking, opening shells, screening, kernel peeling and the like.

The shell opening of cashew nuts is generally realized by a shell opening machine, and patent documents such as CN105286024B, CN104643257B and the like disclose the whole structure of the shell opening machine of cashew nuts.

Cashew nuts after being shelled often have various forms, namely, shells are completely separated from kernels, the shells are adhered to the kernels, and the shells are not shelled. The cashew nut sheller often can cooperate the use with screening plant to realize the screening effect. The nuts can be screened out firstly because of smaller size, the shells, the nuts adhered with the shells and the cashews without opening the shells can be screened out together for screening, and a process of separating the shells from the nuts is also required in the screening process. In the prior art, the above processes are implemented independently, and mutual connection among the processes cannot be realized, so that more manual work is required, and the labor intensity is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a cashew shell and kernel screening system, which is characterized in that shells and kernels of cashew nuts after being opened are respectively collected by screening and separating the shells and kernels for many times, and cashew nuts without being opened enter the shell opening machine again for opening the shells or directly enter a storage bin. The whole process can realize the connection of various working procedures, save labor, reduce labor intensity and reduce cost.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a cashew nut shell screening system comprises a first screening device, wherein a feeding end is located below a discharging end of a cashew nut shell opening machine and used for screening nuts, shells adhered with the nuts and cashews which are not opened into the nuts, the shells adhered with the nuts and the cashews which are not opened; the first winnowing device is positioned at one discharge end of the first screening device and is used for selecting the shells, the shells adhered with the kernels and the cashew nuts which are not shelled into the shells, the shells adhered with the kernels and the cashew nuts which are not shelled; the first material conveying device is arranged at one discharge end of the first winnowing device and is used for conveying the shells adhered with the kernels and the cashews which are not shelled to the drum-type separating device; a drum-type separator for separating the cashew nuts with nuts adhered thereto and the cashew nuts without opening the shell into nuts, nut shells adhered thereto and cashew nuts without opening the shell; the second screening device is positioned below the discharge end of the drum-type separating device and is used for screening the shells, the kernels, the shells adhered with the kernels and the cashews not opened into the kernels, the shells adhered with the kernels and the cashews not opened; and the roller type sieving machine is positioned at one discharge end of the second sieving device and is used for sieving shells, shells adhered with kernels and cashews which are not shelled.

The beneficial effects of the invention are: 1. the cashew nuts are separated as much as possible by the drum-type separating device and the cashew nut shell and kernel separating device, materials in various states are screened by the screening device, the winnowing device and the roller-type screening machine after the cashew nuts are shelled, the materials are transferred among the devices by the material conveying device, and finally high-quality automatic sorting after the cashew nuts are shelled is realized, so that the labor intensity of workers can be reduced, the labor is reduced, and the purpose of reducing the cost is achieved; 2. the cashew nut positioning device and the positioning assembly are designed in the cashew nut shell opening machine, so that two ends of cashew nuts are always downward when entering the channel, the cashew nuts are in a state of being stably opposite to the shell cutting knife when being in contact with the shell cutting knife, the shell breaking effect is prevented from being influenced by the deviation of the cutting of the shell cutting knife, the shell opening effect of a subsequent shell opening process is ensured, and the shell opening success rate is improved; 3. the system has high integration level, good shell opening and screening effects and convenient maintenance.

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cashew nut shell kernel screening system of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a first screening device in the cashew nut shell kernel screening system of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the installation of the drum type separating device and the cashew shell and kernel separating device and the second screening device in the cashew shell and kernel screening system of the invention;

fig. 4 is another schematic view of the installation of the drum separator and the cashew shell separator and the second screen in the cashew shell and kernel screening system of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the cashew nut sheller of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the cashew nut sheller of the invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of the connection of the fruit-shifting plate in the cashew nut-straightening device of the cashew nut shell opening machine of the invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic view illustrating the connection of the fruit pushing plate in the cashew nut pushing device of the cashew nut shell opening machine of the invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the connection between the turning auxiliary plate and the upper cashew nut positioning plate in the cashew nut sheller of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the connection between the distribution plate and the lower cashew nut positioning plate in the cashew nut shelling machine of the invention;

fig. 11 is another schematic view of the connection between the distribution plate and the lower cashew nut positioning plate in the cashew nut shell opening machine of the invention;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of the middle and lower shell assembly of the cashew nut shell opener of the invention;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the upper shell opening assembly in the cashew shell opening machine of the invention;

fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the upper shell opening assembly in the cashew shell opening machine of the invention.

In the drawings:

a represents a cashew shell opening machine, B represents a first screening device, C represents a first winnowing device, D represents a first material conveying device, E represents a roller type separating device, F represents a second screening device, G represents a roller type screening machine, H represents a second material conveying device, I represents a cashew shell and kernel separating device, J represents a second winnowing device, and K represents a third material conveying device;

100. a machine frame, a plurality of guide rails and a plurality of guide rails,

200. a feeding device, a feeding device and a feeding device,

300. a cashew nut straightening device 301, a nut poking driving chain wheel 302, a nut poking driven chain wheel 303, a nut poking chain 304, a nut poking plate 305, a nut poking intermediate driving plate,

400. the cashew nut pushing device comprises a cashew nut pushing device 401, a nut pushing driving chain wheel 402, a nut pushing driven chain wheel 403, a nut pushing chain 404, a nut pushing plate 404-1, a nut pushing groove 405 and a driving motor,

500. a cashew conveying channel 501, an upper cashew positioning plate 502, a lower cashew positioning plate 502-1 and a groove,

600. a shell opening knife device 601, an upper shell opening knife seat 602, an upper shell opening knife 603, an upper cashew shell opening channel 604, a lower shell opening knife seat 605, a lower shell opening knife 606, a lower cashew shell opening channel 607, a spring leaf 607-1, a connecting part 607-2, a positioning part 607-3, a comb tooth part,

700. the cashew nut orienting device comprises a cashew nut orienting device 701, an overturning auxiliary plate 702, a flow distribution plate 702-1, a connecting part 702-2, a flow distribution part 703, an installation support 703-1 and an overturning limiting boss.

801. Mounting frame, 802, a first upper screening plate, 803, a first lower screening plate, 804, a second upper screening plate, 805, a second lower screening plate, 806, a partition, 807, a separation channel.

Detailed Description

Referring to the attached drawing 1, the invention provides a cashew nut shell screening system for screening materials after a shell of a cashew nut shell opening machine A is opened, which comprises a first screening device B, a first winnowing device C, a first material conveying device D, a drum-type separating device E, a second screening device F and a roller-type screening machine G. The first screening device B is used for screening the nuts, the shells, the nut shells and the cashew nuts which are not peeled into the nuts, the shells, the nut shells and the cashew nuts which are adhered with the nuts; one screening device B may be matched with one or more cashew nut shellers a. And the first winnowing device C is positioned at one discharge end of the first screening device B and is used for selecting the shells, the shells adhered with the kernels and the cashew nuts which are not peeled into the shells, the shells adhered with the kernels and the cashew nuts which are not peeled. And the first material conveying device D is arranged at one discharge end of the first air separation device C and is used for conveying the shells adhered with the kernels and the cashews which are not opened to the drum-type separation device E. The drum-type separating device E is used for separating the cashew nuts adhered with the nut shells and the cashew nuts not opened into the nut shells, the nut shells adhered with the nut shells and the cashew nuts not opened. And the second screening device F is positioned below the discharge end of the drum-type separating device E and is used for screening the shells, the kernels, the shells adhered with the kernels and the cashews without opening the shells into the kernels, the shells adhered with the kernels and the cashews without opening the shells. And the roller type sieving machine G is positioned at one discharge end of the second sieving device F and is used for sieving the shells, the shells adhered with the kernels and the cashews which are not shelled.

Further, the system also comprises a second material conveying device H, which is used for conveying the shells which are screened by the roller type screening machine G and are adhered with kernels to the cashew shell and kernel separating device I; and the cashew shell and kernel separating device I is positioned above the second screening device F and is used for separating kernels adhered to the shells from the shells.

Referring to fig. 2, the first screening device B includes a frame, upper and lower layers of screens disposed on the frame, and a driving assembly. A connecting plate is arranged between the upper layer of screen mesh and the lower layer of screen mesh, the middle part of the connecting plate is hinged on the frame, and the two ends are respectively hinged with the upper layer of screen mesh and the lower layer of screen mesh. And the lower screen mesh is driven to reciprocate under the driving component to realize screening. The upper screen mesh is used for passing the kernel, while the lower screen mesh is smaller for screening out the broken kernel. A broken kernel collecting box can be arranged below the lower layer screen. And the discharge end of the upper-layer screen can be provided with a belt conveyor to convey the nuts to the next working procedure.

Referring to fig. 1, the first winnowing device C blows up the lighter nut shells by the wind and discharges them through the upper discharge port, while the heavier nut shells and the un-shelled cashews are discharged through the lower discharge port and enter the first material conveying device D. Because first screening plant B can support many cashew nuts and open shell machine A, because the material volume that will handle is great, consequently first wind selector C supports and is equipped with two fans. Compared with the first winnowing device C, the second winnowing device J is provided with a fan because the amount of materials to be processed is less.

The first material conveying device D, the second material conveying device H and the third material conveying device K all adopt pneumatic conveyors, and can also adopt conventional belt conveyors and the like.

Referring to fig. 3, the drum separator E mainly acts on the shells adhered with the kernels, and the shells adhered with the kernels are driven to move by the rotation of the drum to separate the kernels from the shells. The structure of the device comprises a roller, a motor for driving the roller to rotate, a matched shell and the like. The roller can be designed into a screen mesh type structure, and rib plates can also be arranged in the roller to promote the separation of the nuts and the shells.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, second screen assembly F includes a mounting block 801, first and second screen assemblies arranged side-by-side on mounting block 801 and associated screen drive assemblies. The first screening assembly is located below the cashew shell and kernel separating device I and used for screening materials from the discharge end of the cashew shell and kernel separating device I, and comprises a first upper screening plate 802 and a first lower screening plate 803. The first upper screening deck 802 has screen openings for screening out the kernels, while the first lower screening deck 803 has no screen openings designed so that the kernels thereon enter the screen openings of the second lower screening deck 805 for processing. The second screening assembly is located below the drum type separating device E and is used for screening materials from a discharge end of the drum type separating device E, and the second screening assembly comprises a second upper screening plate 804 and a second lower screening plate 805 which are used for receiving materials on a first upper screening plate 802 and a first lower screening plate 803 respectively. The second upper sifting plate 804 is provided with sifting holes for sifting out kernels, while the second lower sifting plate 805 is provided with sifting holes for sifting out crushed kernels. Since the material entering the cashew nut shell separator I belongs to cashew nuts which are shells adhered with nuts and are difficult to separate and do not open shells, a partition 806 is arranged on the second upper screen plate 804 in the second screen assembly. By designing the partition 806, a passage for receiving and screening the material of the first upper screening deck 802 is separately provided on the second upper screening deck 804 (the other side of the partition 806 is the passage for the material of the screening drum separator E). A separating channel 807 connected with the second air separation device J is arranged on the second upper sieve plate 804 and at the end of the partition 806, so that the cashew nuts which are discharged by the second air separation device J and are adhered with nuts and cashew nuts which are not peeled can enter a manual shell opening or shell opening machine or a storage bin through a conveying device, and the shells are collected or conveyed to the next process. The two screen assemblies are connected to mounting frame 801 by spring steel plates and share a single screen drive assembly. The screening drive assembly comprises a motor, a rotating shaft arranged on the mounting rack 801, crank link mechanisms respectively arranged on the rotating shaft and two screening assemblies, and a belt pulley transmission assembly arranged between an output shaft of the motor and the rotating shaft.

Referring to the attached figure 1, two sets of screen rollers are arranged in the roller type screening machine G, and gaps between the two sets of screen rollers are different. The first set of screen rollers is used to screen the shells as well as shells with attached nuts and un-opened cashew nuts. The second group of screen rollers is used for screening the cashew nuts adhered with nuts and the cashew nuts which are not opened. And a third material conveying device K for conveying the cashew nuts which are sieved by the roller type sieving machine G and are not shelled to the cashew nut shelling machine A or the storage bin is arranged on one side of the roller type sieving machine G.

Referring to fig. 3, the cashew nut shell and kernel separating device I comprises a separating cavity with a feeding port and a discharging port, and a deflector rod which is positioned in the separating cavity and is connected with the output end of a motor. The shells adhered with the kernels are separated from the shells under the striking of the deflector rod or the shells adhered with the kernels collide with the side wall of the separation cavity under the action of the deflector rod, so that the kernels are separated from the shells and finally fall onto the first upper screening plate 802.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the aforesaid cashew nut sheller a comprises a frame 100, a feeding device 200 disposed on the frame 100 for feeding to a fruit receiving part of a lower cashew nut positioning plate 502, a cashew nut straightening device 300, a cashew nut pushing device 400, a sheller 600, a cashew nut conveying channel 500 and a cashew nut positioning device 700.

Referring to fig. 7, the cashew nut aligning device 300 is used for aligning cashew nuts lying or lying aslant in the grooves of the lower cashew nut positioning plate 502 in the vertical state or close to the vertical state while moving in the channel. The cashew nut straightening device 300 comprises a nut poking driving chain wheel 301, a nut poking driven chain wheel 302, a nut poking chain 303 arranged between the nut poking driving chain wheel 301 and the nut poking driven chain wheel 302, a nut poking plate 304 arranged along the circumferential direction of the nut poking chain 303 and a driving component for driving the nut poking driving chain wheel 301 to rotate. In specific implementation, because the rack 100 is provided with the multiple groups of cashew nut conveying channels 500 and the shelling knife device 600, the rack 100 is provided with a fruit-peeling driving shaft for installing the fruit-peeling driving chain wheel 301 and a fruit-peeling driven shaft for installing the fruit-peeling driven chain wheel 302, and at least two cashew nut conveying shafts are arranged on the corresponding shafts. The two fruit shifting chains 303 are provided with fruit shifting intermediate driving plates 305, and the fruit shifting plates 304 are fixed on the fruit shifting intermediate driving plates 305 and are provided with the number corresponding to the number of channels along the length direction of the fruit shifting intermediate driving plates 305. The fruit pulling plate 304 is vertically arranged and the free end of the fruit pulling plate is in a conical shape with a rounded corner. Dialling fruit board 304 and being vertical state and making when following the chain and removing promote the cashew nut by the deepest recess propelling movement to shallowest recess of lower cashew nut locating plate 502, dial the cashew nut at this in-process (because the passageway is more and more narrow) to in next step the cashew nut is opened the shell under the propelling movement of cashew nut pusher 400.

Referring to fig. 5 and 8, the cashew nut pushing device 400 is used for pushing cashew nuts in a vertical state to the shell opening knife device 600 to achieve shell opening. The cashew nut pushing device 400 comprises a nut pushing driving sprocket 401, a nut pushing driven sprocket 402, a nut pushing chain 403 arranged between the nut pushing driving sprocket 401 and the nut pushing driven sprocket 402, a plurality of nut pushing plates 404 arranged along the circumferential direction of the nut pushing chain 403, and a driving motor 405 for driving the nut pushing driving sprocket 401 to rotate. Specifically, a fruit pushing driving shaft and a fruit pushing driven shaft are arranged on the rack 100, and at least 2 fruit pushing driving chain wheels 401 and at least 2 fruit pushing driven chain wheels 402 are respectively arranged on the fruit pushing driving shaft and the fruit pushing driven shaft. The fruit pushing plates 404 are fixed on all the fruit pushing chains 403, and simultaneously drive the cashew nuts after the corresponding fruit pulling plates 304 in all the channels leave to move towards the shell opening knife device 600. The fruit pushing plate 404 is horizontal and perpendicular to the fruit pulling plate 304. When the cashew nuts are straightened by the nut poking plate 304, the cashew nuts will leave the cashew nuts along with the nut poking chain 303, and at this time, the cashew nuts are continuously pushed to the nut opener 600 by the nut poking plate 404 behind the nut poking plate 304 for nut opening operation. In order to ensure that the linear speeds of the fruit poking plate 404 and the fruit poking plate 304 are consistent, an intermediate transmission chain and a matched chain wheel are arranged between the fruit poking driving chain wheel 301 and the fruit pushing driving chain wheel 401 or the fruit pushing driven chain wheel 402, and the design can realize simultaneous driving of two devices under the driving of one driving motor 405.

The fruit pushing grooves 404-1 corresponding to each cashew conveying channel 500 are formed in the length direction of the fruit pushing plate 404, when the fruit pushing plate 404 pushes the cashews to move along the channels, the rear sides of the cashews are located in the fruit pushing grooves 404-1, the purpose that the cashews are assisted by the fruit pushing grooves 404-1 to move in the vertical state in the channels is achieved, and the shell opening effect is further guaranteed.

Referring to fig. 5 and 9-11, the cashew conveying passage 500 includes upper cashew positioning plate 501 and lower cashew positioning plate 502 disposed on the frame 100. The upper cashew nut positioning plate 501 and the lower cashew nut positioning plate 502 are arranged in a clearance mode so that the fruit pushing plate 404 can pass through and can be matched with the shell opening knife device 600 to complete shell opening operation. The space that the recess cooperation formed in two cashew nut locating plates becomes the cashew nut transfer passage who leads to the knife device 600 of opening the shell. The lower cashew nut positioning plate 502 comprises at least two sections of grooves 502-1 with different depths and widths, the depth of each section of groove 502-1 along the moving direction of the cashew nuts is gradually shallow and the width of each section of groove is gradually narrow, the design can be beneficial to the cashew nuts to be changed from an inclined state to a vertical state in the moving process, and the subsequent shell opening operation is facilitated. The groove in the cashew nut positioning plate 501 is a through groove, and can also be formed by punching, and the groove depth and the groove width gradually become smaller along the moving direction of the cashew nuts. The length of upper cashew nut positioning plate 501 is less than the length of lower cashew nut positioning plate 502, and the length of the corresponding groove is less than the length of the groove in lower cashew nut positioning plate 502. The part of the lower cashew nut positioning plate 502 with the extra groove is the fruit receiving part. The concave groove in the fruit receiving part is used for receiving cashew nuts from the feeding device 200. The grooves of the nut receiving portion are deepest and widest, the cashew nuts can lie or lie obliquely after entering the nut receiving portion, the nut receiving is facilitated, the nut pushing plate 304 is also facilitated to push the cashew nuts slowly in the channel, and meanwhile the cashew nuts are supported to enable the nut pushing plate 404 to push the cashew nuts to move towards the nut opening knife device 600.

The recess bottom of cashew nut locating plate 502 is equipped with the strip-shaped hole that supplies to dial fruit board 304 and get into and leave, and cashew nut locating plate 502 can also adopt the locating plate combination of two components of a whole that can function independently designs to form by the structure of formula as an organic whole down in addition. In this embodiment, lower cashew nut positioning plate 502 is formed by the combination of two split positioning plates. A long groove for the fruit-pulling plate 304 in the cashew nut straightening device 300 to enter and exit the groove is arranged between the two positioning plates. And the recess 502-1 may be formed by a chamfer machined into the inner side of each alignment plate.

Referring to fig. 5 and 12-14, the above-described shell opener arrangement includes an upper shell opener assembly and a lower shell opener assembly secured to a frame 100. A knife seat adjusting device which can enable the upper shell opening knife assembly to float up and down when the shell is opened is further arranged between the upper shell opening knife assembly and the machine frame 100 so as to adapt to cashew nuts with different sizes.

The upper shell opening knife assembly comprises an upper shell opening knife seat 601, an upper cashew shell opening channel 603 arranged on the upper shell opening knife seat 601, and an upper shell opening knife 602 positioned at the tail end of the upper cashew shell opening channel 603. The lower shell opening knife assembly comprises a lower shell opening knife seat 604, a lower cashew shell opening channel 606 arranged on the lower shell opening knife seat 604, and a lower shell opening knife 605 located at the tail end of the lower cashew shell opening channel 606. The upper and lower cashew nut shelling channels cooperate to form a moving channel for cashew nuts before shelling, and at this time, because the cashew nuts are already basically positioned by the cashew nut conveying channel 500, the size of the shelling channel is consistent along the length direction of the shelling channel. The gap between the upper and lower open shell knife seats is set for the fruit pushing plate 404 to pass through. The upper shell opening knife and the lower shell opening knife are same in shape and respectively comprise a shell cutting part and a shell breaking part.

Referring to the attached drawings 5 and 9-11, in order to accurately position the cashew nuts before opening the shells, the two shell opening knives are opposite to the cashew nuts to cut and break the shells, the shell opening success rate is ensured, and a cashew nut positioning assembly is arranged in the upper cashew nut shell opening channel 603. The cashew nut positioning assembly includes two spring plates 607 symmetrically disposed on the inner slope of the upper cashew nut shelling channel 603. The spring piece comprises a connecting portion 607-1 connected with the upper shell opening knife assembly and a positioning portion 607-2 bent towards the interior of the upper cashew shell opening channel 603. The spring leaf 607 that two symmetries set up takes over the passageway that the cashew nut opened shell passageway 603 becomes before opening the shell, slowly narrows down and diminishes and have flexible removal passageway for can be vertical state and compress tightly in opening the passageway of shell knife tackle spare under to the cashew nut location before the cashew nut opens the shell, make on cut shell sword 602 and under open shell sword 605 just to opening the shell the cashew nut, thereby guarantee to open shell effect and subsequent shell effect of breaking off with the fingers and thumb.

First embodiment of cashew nut positioning assembly: referring to fig. 12, in this embodiment, the spring 607 fixes the connection portion 607-1 in the groove 604-1 on the inner slope of the upper cashew nut opening channel 603 by means of screw or welding. When the cashew nuts contact with the spring plate 607, the space formed by the cashew nuts and the lower cashew nut shell opening channel 606 in the lower shell opening knife device is smaller and smaller under the action of the two positioning parts 607-2, so that the tops of the cashew nuts can move along the space formed by the positioning parts 607-2 to realize the positioning of the cashew nuts, meanwhile, the positioning parts 607-2 give certain downward pressure to the cashew nuts to act on the shell cutting knife edges of the shells in a vertical state (because the positioning parts 607-2 can move, the movement of the cashew nuts is not influenced), and finally, the shells are separated under the action of the shell separating parts. In the process, the cashew nuts cannot swing left and right, so that the shell opening effect is guaranteed.

To facilitate the installation of the connection 607-1, the upper cashew nut shelling passage 603 has a V-shaped or trapezoidal cross-section, and the angle between the inclined plane and the vertical plane may be in the range of 15-45 °. The angle between the inclined plane and the vertical plane in the lower cashew nut shelling channel 606 can be smaller than that of the upper cashew nut shelling channel 603, and the positioning of the lower part of the cashew nuts is facilitated. The bending angle of the positioning portion 607-2 may be in the range of 3 ° -15 °. Since the spring 607 is fixed on the slant and there is also the bending positioning portion 607-2, the positioning portion 607-2 has two angles in the space, thereby realizing the positioning and pressing effect to the upper part of the cashew nut.

Cashew nut positioning element embodiment two: referring to fig. 13, in the present embodiment, unlike the first embodiment, comb teeth 607-3 are provided on the positioning portion 607-2 of the spring piece 607. By designing the comb-tooth part 607-3, the contact area of the cashew nuts and the comb-tooth part 607-3 can be increased, so that the positioning effect is further improved.

Referring to fig. 5-10, since the cashew nuts are flattened at both ends and bent to the same side to form a kidney-shaped structure, the cashew nuts can stably move when both ends of the kidney-shaped structure are in contact with the bottom of the channel, and can be in an unstable moving state when both ends of the kidney-shaped structure are upward. And when the cashew nuts with two upward ends move, the cashew nuts can not be stably contacted with the shell opening knife device when the shells are opened, so that the shell opening effect when the shells are opened is influenced. Because the entrance of cashew conveying channel 500 is the biggest position in activity space before the cashew gets into the passageway, be equipped with in cashew conveying channel 500's entrance and dial the cooperation that positive device 300 was realized at the cashew and the both ends of cashew set up downwards and through conveying channel's cashew orienting device 700.

The cashew nut orienting device 700 comprises a turning auxiliary plate 701 arranged at the end of the upper cashew nut positioning plate 501 and two splitter plates 702 arranged side by side on the lower cashew nut positioning plate 502. Two flow distribution plates 702 set up side by side and both clearance set up certain distance in order to supply to dial fruit board 304 to pass and carry out spacing effect to the cashew nut bottom. The structure of the diversion plate 702 includes a connection portion 702-1 and a diversion portion 702-2 for connecting with the lower cashew nut positioning plate 502. The shunting part 702-2 is arc-shaped, so as to be more beneficial to overturning the cashew nuts with two ends upwards.

The inner side of the positioning plate in the lower cashew nut positioning plate 502 is provided with a shunting part limiting groove for limiting the shunting part 702-2, so that the shunting part 702-2 can only move in a certain range, and the shunting plate 702 is convenient to mount. The medial surface that is located reposition of redundant personnel portion spacing groove top in the locating plate is the inclined plane, and it can prevent that the cashew nut is excessive slope and influence the upset when directional.

Further, the flow distribution plate 702 is located between the two sections of the grooves 502-1, the connection portion 702-1 of the flow distribution plate 702 is connected to the groove 502-1 with the deeper depth in the two sections of the grooves 502-1, and the free end of the flow distribution portion 702-2 extends obliquely upward to one side or the groove of the groove 502-1 with the shallower depth. The flow distribution plate 702 has the function of connecting two sections of grooves 502-1 with different depths, and the movable end of the flow distribution plate 702 is obliquely arranged upwards by utilizing the different depths to realize that cashews enter the shallower groove 502-1 after being turned over or directly enter the shallower groove 502-1. Specifically, the slope of the initial section of the shunting part 702-2 is the largest, in this state, if the two ends of the cashew nuts are downward, the cashew nuts can stably move upward along the gap between the two shunting plates 702, when the cashew nuts enter the space between the shunting part 702-2 and the groove of the upper cashew nut positioning plate 501, the shunting part 702-2 is pressed downward under the driving of the peanut shifting plate 304, so that the heads of the cashew nuts can enter the cashew nut conveying channel, and further the whole cashew nuts enter the channel; when the two ends of the cashew nuts are upward, the two shunting parts 702-2 on the back of the cashew nuts are contacted, the end part far away from the fruit pulling plate 304 tilts upward to be contacted with the turning auxiliary plate 701, the cashew nuts are integrally turned under the pushing of the fruit pulling plate 304 to enable the two ends of the cashew nuts to be downward arranged, and then the cashew nuts enter the conveying channel under the pushing of the next fruit pulling plate 304. Further, due to the fact that the two splitter plates 702 are arranged and the grooves in the lower cashew nut positioning plate 502 are matched to form a cashew nut transition channel, the lower cashew nut positioning plate 502 can only be provided with two sections of grooves 502-1, each section of groove 502-1 is arranged from deep to shallow along the moving direction of the cashew nuts, and the groove width is from wide to narrow.

Because the cashew nuts are oriented, each cashew nut is fitted with two pushing plates 404 to ensure that the cashew nuts still have picking plate 304 pushing cashew nuts into the channel after being turned over. The distance between the two push plates 404 is larger than the length of cashew nut.

In this embodiment, the diversion plate 702 is formed by bending a spring steel plate, and includes a connection portion 702-1 connected to the lower cashew positioning plate 502 and a diversion portion 702-2 extending obliquely upward to one side of the shallow recess 502-1. The shunting parts 702-2 are arc-shaped and arched upwards, the inclination of the initial section is the largest, so that when cashew nuts enter the initial section of the shunting parts 702-2, if the two ends of the cashew nuts are upward, the back of the cashew nuts are contacted with the two shunting parts 702-2, the end parts of the cashew nuts pushed by the fruit shifting plate 304 and far away from the fruit shifting plate 304 can be tilted upwards to be contacted with the turning auxiliary plate 701, and the cashew nuts are pushed by the fruit shifting plate 304 to be turned integrally so that the two ends of the cashew nuts are arranged downwards, and then the cashew nuts enter the cashew nut conveying channel under the pushing of the next fruit shifting plate 304; if the two ends of the cashew nuts are downward, the cashew nuts can stably move upwards along the gap between the two diversion plates 702, the end parts of the cashew nuts enter the gap between the diversion plates 702 and the overturning auxiliary plate 701, and the diversion parts 702-2 are pressed downwards in the moving process, so that the cashew nuts integrally pass through the diversion parts 702-2, and then the cashew nuts integrally enter the channel. The whole cashew nuts are restored to the original position by the elastic deformation force through the movable section rear shunting section 702-2.

Referring to fig. 9, the tumble assist plate 701 has an arc shape. In order to facilitate the turning over of the cashew nuts and the passing of the cashew nuts, one end of the turning auxiliary plate 701 is hinged to the upper cashew nut positioning plate 501 by means of the mounting bracket 703 and a matched hinge shaft.

When the turning assisting plate 701 is hinged on the upper cashew nut positioning plate 501, the gap between the turning assisting plate 701 and the shunting portion 702-2 is small, so that the turning assisting plate 701 can assist the cashew nuts needing to be turned to turn so as to prevent the cashew nuts from turning over, the cashew nuts needing not to be turned upwards to be prevented from not turning up and entering the channel, and the cashew nuts can also rotate upwards under the action of the cashew nuts needing not to be turned to be beneficial to passing through the gap between the turning assisting plate 701 and the shunting portion 702-2. The mounting bracket 703 is provided with a turnover limiting boss 703-1 for limiting the position between the turnover auxiliary plate 701 and the upper cashew nut positioning plate 501.

Besides, limiting bosses can be arranged on the left side and the right side of the overturning auxiliary plate 701 so as to prevent the cashew nuts from falling out of the conveying grooves in the overturning process.

Referring to fig. 1 and 5, the cashew nut shell and kernel screening system of the invention works as follows:

1. cashew nuts are added into the feeding device 200, and the feeding device 200 feeds the cashew nuts into the fruit receiving portion of the lower cashew nut positioning plate 502.

2. Fruit shifting plate 304 enters the bar-shaped hole of lower cashew nut positioning plate 502 and drives cashew nuts to move towards shell opening knife device 600.

3. When the cashew nuts are moved to the cashew nut orienting device, if the two ends of the cashew nuts are downward, the cashew nuts enter the space between the shunting part 702-2 and the upper cashew nut positioning plate 501, press the shunting part 702-2 downward and lift the overturning auxiliary plate 701 upward so that the whole cashew nuts pass through the shunting plate 702 and enter the cashew nut moving channel; if the two ends of the cashew nut move upwards, the front end of the cashew nut will tilt up to contact with the auxiliary plate 701 and turn over during the process of moving obliquely upwards, and the cashew nut will be carried into the cashew nut moving channel by the next fruit-picking plate 304.

4. When the fruit pushing plate 304 brings the cashew nuts into the cashew nut moving channel and pushes a certain distance to leave the cashew nut moving channel, the current cashew nuts are pushed to the shell opening knife device 600 by the fruit pushing plate 404 for shell opening, and the fruit pushing groove 404-1 in the fruit pushing plate 404 can ensure that the cashew nuts are in a vertical state or a state close to the vertical state at the moment.

5. After the current cashew nuts are pushed by the fruit pushing plate 404 to leave the cashew nut moving channel and enter the shell opening channel of the shell opening knife device 600, the cashew nuts are pressed down to the lower cashew nut shell opening channel 606 on the lower shell opening seat 605 under the action of the positioning assembly before shell opening, so that the cashew nuts can be just opposite to the two shell cutting knives to guarantee shell cutting effect and subsequent shell breaking effect when shell opening is guaranteed.

6. After the cashew nuts pass through the shell opening knife device 600 for opening shells, the materials after opening shells (including kernels, shells adhered with kernels and cashew nuts which are not opened) fall onto the first screening device B.

7. The two layers of screens in the first screening device B can screen out three kinds, wherein the first kind is broken kernels, the second kind is high-integrity kernels, and the third kind is shells, shells adhered with kernels and cashews which are not opened. The first and second species may be collected by a collection box or transported to the next process by a conveyor. The third kind enters the first winnowing device C for winnowing.

8. The first winnowing device C can sort the incoming materials into two types according to the weight of the materials. The first is a lighter shell and the second is a heavier shell with adhered kernels and un-opened cashew nuts. If the first type, it may be collected by a collection box or conveyed to the next process by a conveyor. The second material is conveyed to the drum-type separating device E by the first material conveying device D.

9. The drum-type separating device E mainly acts on the shells adhered with the kernels, the kernels are separated from the shells through the rotation of the drum, and the treated materials fall onto the second screening device F. The treated materials comprise nuts, shells adhered with the nuts and cashews which are not opened.

10. The two layers of screens in the second screen assembly of the second screen device F can screen out three kinds, the first kind is broken nuts, the second kind is high integrity nuts, and the third kind is shells, shells adhered with nuts and cashews which are not opened. The first and second species may be collected by a collection box or transported to the next process by a conveyor. And the third type of the mixture enters a roller type sieving machine G for treatment.

11. Two sets of screen rollers in the roller type screen G sequentially separate the shells, the shells with nuts adhered thereon (there are some cashews which are not completely opened), and the cashews which are not opened. Wherein, the shells adhered with the kernels are conveyed to the cashew shell and kernel separating device I by the second material conveying device H. The cashew nuts which are not shelled are conveyed to the cashew nut shelling machine A by the third material conveying device K to be shelled again or a storage bin.

12. The nut shells adhered with the nuts move under the action of the shifting rods rotating in the cashew shell and nut separating device I and collide with the shifting rods or the wall of the separating cavity to realize the separation of the nuts and the nut shells. The material processed by the cashew nut shell and kernel separating device I falls into the first screening component in the second screening device F. The two-layer screen of the first screen assembly screens out the kernels (including crushed kernels), the shells and the shells to which the kernels are adhered. The shells and the shells adhered with the nuts enter a special channel formed by a partition 804 in the second screening component for screening, and finally enter the second air separation device J through a separation channel 807.

13. The second winnowing device J sorts the entering materials into two types according to the different weights of the materials. The first is the lighter shell and the second is the shell with the remaining nut adhered. If the first type, it may be collected by a collection box or conveyed to the next process by a conveyor. And the second type is conveyed to the next procedure by the conveyor for manual shell opening or shell opening again in the shell opening machine.

Through the material after opening the shell with cashew nut shell opening machine A flows between the device and changes and carry out a lot of screening, realized the collection of kernel, shell and the not nut shell opening cashew nut, can realize the automation of screening, great reduction artifical intensity of labour reduces the recruitment cost.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications to the specific embodiments of the invention or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may be made; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it is intended to cover all aspects of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A screening system for cashew nut shells and kernels is characterized by comprising

The first screening device (B) is used for screening the nuts, the shells, the nut shells and the cashews which are not peeled into the nuts, the shells, the nut shells and the cashews which are adhered with the nuts;

the first winnowing device (C) is positioned at one discharge end of the first screening device (B) and is used for winnowing the shells, the shells adhered with the kernels and the cashews which are not peeled into the shells, the shells adhered with the kernels and the cashews which are not peeled;

the first material conveying device (D) is arranged at one discharging end of the first winnowing device (C) and is used for conveying the shells adhered with the kernels and the cashews which are not opened to the drum-type separating device (E);

a drum type separator (E) for separating the cashew nuts with nuts adhered thereto and the cashew nuts without opening the shell into nuts, shells with nuts adhered thereto and cashew nuts without opening the shell;

the second screening device (F) is positioned below the discharge end of the drum-type separating device (E) and is used for screening the cashew nuts, the nut shells adhered with the nut shells and the cashew nuts which are not opened into the nut shells, the nut shells adhered with the nut shells and the cashew nuts which are not opened;

and the roller type sieving machine (G) is positioned at one discharge end of the second sieving device (F) and is used for sieving shells, shells with kernels and cashews which are not shelled.

2. The cashew nut shell kernel screening system of claim 1 further comprising

The second material conveying device (H) is used for conveying the shells which are screened by the roller type screening machine (G) and are adhered with kernels to the cashew shell and kernel separating device (I);

and the cashew nut shell and kernel separating device (I) is positioned above the second screening device (F) and is used for separating kernels adhered to the shells from the shells.

3. The cashew nut shell kernel screening system of claim 2, wherein said second screening device (F) comprises a mounting bracket (801), a first screening component and a second screening component arranged side by side on said mounting bracket (801) and an associated screening drive assembly, said first screening component being located below said cashew nut shell separating device (I) and said second screening component being located below said drum type separating device (E).

4. A cashew nut shell kernel screening system as claimed in claim 3 wherein a partition (806) is provided on the second upper screen deck (804) in said second screen assembly, said second upper screen deck (804) being on both sides of said partition (806) for screening material from said drum separator (E) and material from the first upper screen deck (802) in said first screen assembly respectively.

5. A cashew nut shell kernel screening system as claimed in claim 4 wherein a separating passage (807) is provided in said second upper screen deck (804) at the end of said partition (806) to which a second air separation means (J) is connected.

6. The cashew nut shell kernel screening system of claim 1, further comprising

And the third material conveying device (K) is used for conveying the cashew nuts which are sieved by the roller type sieving machine (G) and are not shelled to the cashew nut shelling machine (A) or a storage bin.

7. A cashew nut shell and kernel screening system as claimed in any one of claims 1-6 wherein said cashew nut shell opener (A) comprises a frame (100), a feeding device (200) disposed on said frame (100), a cashew nut straightening device (300), a cashew nut pushing device (400), a shell opening device (600) and a cashew nut conveying channel (500).

8. The cashew nut shell screening system of claim 7, wherein said cashew nut conveying channel (500) comprises an upper cashew nut positioning plate (501) and a lower cashew nut positioning plate (502) arranged on said frame (100), said upper cashew nut positioning plate (501) having a length less than a length of said lower cashew nut positioning plate (502), a cashew nut inlet of said upper cashew nut positioning plate (501) is provided with a cashew nut positioning device (700) cooperating with said cashew nut straightening device to drive cashew nuts into said cashew nut conveying channel (500) or to turn over, said cashew nut positioning device (700) comprises a turning auxiliary plate (701) arranged at an end of said upper cashew nut positioning plate (501) and two shunting plates (702) arranged side by side on said lower cashew nut positioning plate (502).

9. The cashew nut shell kernel screening system of claim 8, wherein said lower cashew nut positioning plate (502) comprises at least two sections of grooves (502-1) with different depths and widths, said diverter plate (702) is located between the two sections of grooves (502-1), said connecting portion (702-1) of the diverter plate (702) is connected with the groove (502-1) with the deeper depth in the two sections of grooves (502-1), and the diverter portion (702-2) extends obliquely upward to one side or the groove of the groove (502-1) with the shallower depth.

10. The cashew nut shell screening system of claim 7, wherein said shell opener means comprises an upper shell opener assembly and a lower shell opener assembly fixed to said frame (100), said upper shell opener assembly comprising an upper shell opener seat (601) and upper cashew nut shell opening passage (603) and upper shell opener (602) disposed on said upper shell opener seat (601), said lower shell opener assembly comprising a lower shell opener seat (604) and lower cashew nut shell opening passage (606) and lower shell opener (605) disposed on said lower shell opener seat (604).