CN1154286A - 研磨片及其生产方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
公开了具有形成于薄软质树脂薄膜上的磨料颗粒层的研磨片。该研磨片通过如下步骤生产:制备可剥离薄膜;在涂有脱模剂的所述可剥离薄膜上形成薄软质树脂薄膜层;在所述树脂薄膜层的上表面形成磨料颗粒层;然后从所述可剥离薄膜上取出其上形成有所述磨料颗粒层的所述树脂薄膜;和将其上形成有所述磨料颗粒层的所述树脂薄膜切割成任何合适的尺寸。本发明的研磨片在抛光操作中可提供较高的抛光效率,并且可将表面上的痕迹或任何不平处或桔皮抛光。因此,本发明的研磨片可有效用作取代目前用于汽车修理业中的细磨料抛光法的抛光工具。
Description
本发明涉及研磨片及其生产方法,本发明更特别涉及在汽车修理业中有效使用的研磨片及其生产方法。
目前在汽车修理业领域中,为满足客户的要求,使用各种技术在较短时间内以较低的费用修理因交通事故损坏的汽车外钢板如发动机罩、车门等。现有技术中,被损坏的汽车外钢板一般按下列方式修理。
首先,通过板金加工被损坏的钢板凹进部分使其复原。接着,若需要,例如用粗颗粒砂纸除去要修理的表面上已有的漆以使下面的钢材暴露出来。然后,用一些溶剂清洗该表面并用腻子涂布表面。当腻子固化至可用砂纸打磨后,用粗颗粒砂纸将表面打磨至平滑状态。将周围表面用砂纸打磨平使其具有毛边和粗糙面。接着通过喷枪将该表面用底漆涂布,底漆固化后,用细颗粒砂纸将表面打磨光滑。然后通过喷枪用面漆涂布该表面。同时,若表面上存在灰尘,则通过使用极细颗粒防水砂纸将其除去,并用防水砂纸和/或细磨料抛光剂进行表皮或表面整修。最后用极细料和/或超细料进行抛光。
对于上述现有技术中的修理方法,由于面漆通过喷枪以雾化形式进行喷涂操作,因此在漆固化和干燥后不可避免地总会产生桔皮。更特别地,这种桔皮因下述因素具有不同的形式或形状,所述因素包括:当雾化的漆中的颗粒在涂漆表面上与其它颗粒重新结合时漆的粘度,表面张力和流动性;溶剂的挥发速度;喷枪直径;空气压力和流速;漆的流速,与待涂漆的表面的距离;雾化角;和环境条件如温度、湿度等。尽管在修理涂漆操作中一般要求新涂漆表面上的桔皮应基本上与周围区域上存在的桔皮匹配,但由于上述因素的影响,它们之间常常有一些差别。为使这两个桔皮相匹配,实际惯用做法是用磨料对新涂漆表面进行抛光以使其与周围表面一致。此操作被称为“表面整修”或“表皮整修”。
表面整修一般按这样的方式进行,即如果桔皮较细且数量比周围表面的桔皮多,则首先用防水砂纸No.1000(P1000)至No.2000对凸起部分进行打磨使其与周围表面一致。然后通过用细磨料抛光法消除由防水砂纸产生的各种打磨痕迹。同时,消除由细磨料抛光产生的抛光痕迹,与此同时,使用极细磨料抛光法进行表面整修。最后,用超细磨料进行抛光。
通常,在汽车修理业中,仅少数修理店或漆工有装配空气过滤器的喷漆橱,而大多数修理店或漆工仅有简单的喷漆橱或其中一些没有这种喷漆橱。因此,会经常出现空气中的各种细颗粒或灰尘淀积于涂漆表面上,它们会吸收周围表面上的漆而在表面上形成凸起部分或使表面粗糙。当这种表面用现有的防水砂纸打磨时,会在表面上留下一些打磨痕迹。同时,不能用这种防水砂纸消除凹进部分上的粗糙度。凹进部分上的这种粗糙度和打磨痕迹只能用磨料除去,如此进行表面整修。
抛光处理通常用电或压缩空气驱动的以1500至3000rpm转速转动的抛光机进行。通常在抛光机和涂漆表面之间使用毛巾抛光轮、羊毛抛光轮或海棉抛光轮。用于抛光处理中的磨料由包括硬度较低并能够被磨损或磨破的颗粒的乳液组成,以便提供光泽。在将这种液态磨料滴于涂漆表面上的同时进行抛光处理。
目前可买到的最细颗粒防水砂纸为No.2000。由这种砂纸产生的打磨痕迹一般用此磨料经抛光处理消除。由于将游离颗粒用于这种抛光处理中,抛光效果较差,需要较长的工期和较多人力。另外,用砂纸或布的打磨处理虽然效率较高,但由此产生的打磨痕迹变得更粗糙。同时,这种砂纸或布仅能打磨桔皮的凸起部分,而不能打磨其凹进部分。
在现有技术中,提出了另一种抛光工具,在该抛光工具中,将其中加入磨料颗粒的软质粘合剂层淀积于薄膜或任何其它层上。这种抛光工具的缺陷在于磨料颗粒会被较早除去,导致抛光性能降低,同时不能打磨凹进部分。还提出了另一种抛光工具,其中磨料颗粒按它们淀积于纸或布上的相同方式淀积于海棉垫上。然而,这种抛光工具不实用,因为使用后会产生粗打磨痕迹和大量废弃物。
在现有技术中,包括使用磨料进行表面整修的抛光处理耗时较长,例如至少需要20分钟,甚至90分钟(若存在桔皮)。
综上所述,本发明目的在于提供可解决上述现有技术中的问题的研磨片及其生产方法。更特别地,本发明目的在于提供一种新的改进的研磨片及其生产方法,其中所述片材具有较高的抛光性能或抛光效率,并且产生更细的打磨痕迹,容易用磨料抛光和弄平,同时能完全打磨桔皮的凹进部分。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供一种包括薄软质树脂薄膜和在所述树脂薄膜表面上形成的磨料颗粒层的研磨片。根据本发明的一个实施方案,所述磨料颗粒层包括夹持磨料颗粒的软质树脂层和用于将这些磨料颗粒粘结于软质树脂层和所述树脂薄膜之间的所述树脂薄膜上的粘合剂层。
根据本发明优选的实施方案,所述树脂薄膜的厚度为10至100m,100%M为10至200kgf/cm2、拉伸强度为200至900kgf/cm2,伸长量为250至1000%;所述磨料颗粒层具有的磨料颗粒为No.400(P400)至N.4000。
根据本发明更优选的实施方案,所述树脂薄膜的厚度为20至50μm,100%M为15至30kgf/cm2,拉伸强度为350至550kgf/cm2,伸长量为600至800%;所述磨料颗粒层具有的磨料颗粒为No.1000(P1000)至No.2000。
根据本发明另一实施方案,所述树脂层具有与所述树脂薄膜相同的特性。
根据本发明再一实施方案,所述树脂薄膜的背面设置压敏粘合剂(PSA)层,以通过将所述树脂薄膜与海棉垫粘结便于使用研磨片。
本发明还提供一种生产研磨片的方法,包括步骤:制备一种可剥离膜;在涂有脱模剂的所述可剥离膜表面上形成薄软质树脂薄膜层;在所述树脂薄膜层的上表面上形成磨料颗粒层;从所述可剥离膜上取出在其上形成有所述磨料颗粒层的所述树脂薄膜;将在其上形成有所述磨料颗粒层的所述树脂薄膜切割成任何合适的尺寸以形成研磨片。
根据本发明的一个实施方案,所述形成树脂薄膜的步骤进一步包括:将涂有所述脱模剂的所述可剥离表面用聚氨酯树脂、包括NBR、SBR或其类似物的乳液涂布和干燥所述涂层。
本发明和本发明的优选实施方案将参考附图更详细地描述,其中:
图1表示本发明一个实施方案的研磨片和其上固定研磨片的海棉垫的结合透视图;
图2表示其边缘进行一定程度放大的研磨片的透示图,该研磨片被用于固定在如图1所示的海棉垫上;
图3(A)至3(E)表示顺序解释根据本发明的一个实施方案生产研磨片的方法的示意图;
图4(A)至4(C)表示涂漆表面的粗糙度图,该粗糙度由表面粗糙度测量仪(记录针末端角处于90°下,锥体尺寸为5μmR)在垂直于抛光方向测定,其中横坐标的等分刻度为500μm,纵坐标的等分刻度为2μm;
图5(A)至图5(E)表示涂漆表面的粗糙度图,该表面粗糙度由表面粗糙度测量仪(记录针末端角处于90°下,锥体尺寸为5μmR)在方向垂直于用防水砂纸打磨的方向测定,其中横坐标的等分刻度为100μm,纵坐标等分刻度为1μm。
图1表示根据本发明的研磨片和其上固定研磨片的海棉垫的结合透视图;图2表示仅用于固定在如图1所示的海棉垫上的研磨片透示图。如图1和图2所示,根据本发明的一个实施方案,研磨片10包括薄软质树脂薄膜11;形成于树脂薄膜11表面上的极薄粘合剂层12;淀积于粘合剂层12上的磨料颗粒13;和形成于磨料颗粒13上的另一薄的软质树脂薄膜14。参考图2,研磨片10可通过在所述薄树脂薄膜14反面形成于树脂薄膜11上的PSA层15与可剥离的底板30粘结以形成研磨片组件。考虑到操作和贮存,这种包括研磨片10和可剥离底板30的研磨片组件尤其有用。
当进行打磨处理时,例如用研磨片10对汽车外钢板上的涂漆表面进行打磨时,将研磨片10与形成于树脂薄膜11上的PSA层15一起从研磨片组件的可剥离底板30上取出,接着将研磨片10通过在其上放置PSA层粘结于海棉的平滑表面21上。然后,可在将水从海棉垫20浇入涂漆表面上的同时迅速且有效地用研磨片10进行5打磨或表面整修处理。
在上述实施方案中,研磨片10的树脂薄膜11可由任何一种防水软质树脂如聚氨酯树脂、NBR、SBR等组成。树脂薄膜11的厚度可为10至100μm,更优选20至500μm。树脂薄膜11上的磨料颗粒13可具有No.400(P400)至No.4000的颗粒,更优选No.1000(P1000)至No.2000的颗粒。此外,为达到如下所述的有利效果,下列因素对于薄膜11应提供的柔韧性是优选的:指标100%M(模量)范围为10至200kgf/cm2,更优选15至30kgf/cm2;拉伸强度范围为200至900kgf/cm2,更优选350至550kgf/cm2;伸长量范围为250至1000%,更优选600至800%。应注意这里的指标“100%M”是指伸长量为100%时(即双倍伸长时)的拉伸强度。
本发明生产研磨片10的方法将在下面详细描述。图3表示本发明生产研磨片的一个实施方案示意图。更特别地,如图3(A)所示制备厚度合适的刚性可剥离膜40;将涂有脱模剂的薄膜40的表面41用聚氨酯树脂、包括NBR、SBR或其类似物的乳液涂布;干燥后,在其上形成厚度为10至100μm的薄软质树脂薄膜11。可剥离膜40所需的刚度应能防止其上形成的薄软质树膜薄膜11在后面的生产步骤中不必要的伸长和收缩。
接下来,如图3(B)所示,将薄软质树脂薄膜11的上表面用包括环氧树脂、酚醛树脂,丙烯酸系树脂或其类似物的溶液涂布,并将No.1000(P1000)至N.2000磨料颗粒通过静电淀积方法淀积于其上(图3(c))。所述溶液干燥后,形成其中淀积有磨料颗粒13的粘合剂层12。接下来如图3(D)所示,将包括软质树脂的溶液涂于粘合剂层12上形成薄软质树脂层14。树脂层14优选由与膜11相同的材料形成并具有与树脂薄膜11相同的特性,树脂层14的厚度优选为磨料颗粒13的高度的约70%。在本实施方案中,粘合剂层12、磨料颗粒13和树脂层14形成“磨料颗粒层”。
接着,如图3(E)所示,将树脂薄膜11和其上形成的磨料颗粒层同时从涂有脱模剂的可剥离膜40的表面41上取出。然后,在相对于磨料颗粒层的反面将PSA层形成于树脂薄膜11的背面。接着将具有在其背面形成的PSA层15的研磨片10粘结于可剥离的底板30上形成如上所述的研磨片组件。最后,将这种包括研磨片10和可剥离底板30的抛光组件10切割成图2所示的所需尺寸。
将如此制得的研磨片10进行测试以证明它用于实际打磨如下所述涂漆表面的性能和有利效果。将如图4(A)所示的具有粗糙度(或桔皮)的表面选作要打磨的客体。将此涂漆表面在将水浇到该表面上的同时用市购防水砂纸No.1500进行人工打磨。通过这种打磨操作产生的表面粗糙度如图4(B)所示。为进行比较,将图4(A)所示的涂漆表面用图1所示的粘结于海棉垫20上的本发明的No.1500研磨片进行类似打磨。此打磨产生的表面粗糙度如图4(C)所示。应注意图4中,横坐标按500μm间隔等分,纵坐标按2μm间隔等分(相对于图4的右上部分)。
为比较现有技术中的砂纸和本发明的研磨片提供的打磨性能或打磨效率,进行另一测试。图5(A)表示涂漆表面用市购防水砂纸No.1500进行人工打磨后在垂直于打磨方向测得的粗糙度。然后,将具有图5(A)所示粗糙度的涂漆表面用图1所示的粘结于海棉垫20上的本发明的No.1500研磨片10进一步打磨。此抛光操作在浇水下在75mm×200mm表面区域上进行30秒,抛光方向垂直于图5(A)所示的抛光方向。表示通过此抛光操作产生的表面粗糙度的测试结果如图5(B)所示。
与此相反,图5(C)表示另一测试结果,其中将具有图5(A)所示粗糙度的涂漆表面进一步用现有的包括淀积于海棉垫上的抛光工具抛光。此抛光操作在垂直于图5(A)所示的抛光方向在75mm×200mm表面区域上进行30秒。图5(D)表示抛光操作再继续进行90秒后表面的粗糙度,图5(E)表示该抛光操作再进一步进行120秒后的表面粗糙度。图5中,横坐标按100μm间隔等分,纵坐标按1μm间隔等分(相对于图5右上部分)。
用于上面测试中的本发明的No.1500研磨片具有如下性能:
树脂薄膜11:
厚度:30μm
100%M:22kgf/cm2
拉伸强度:450kgf/cm2
伸长量:700%
粘合剂层12:
环氧树脂(环氧当量:200)
固化剂:聚酰胺(胺值:200)
厚度:3μm。
淀积磨粒颗粒时的电压:DC40,000V
软质树脂层14:
与树脂薄膜11相同的树脂
厚度:7μm。
下面描述对测试结果的分析。首先,参考前面的图4。图4(B)的曲线表明表面凹进部分不能用防水砂纸抛光,而图4(C)的曲线清楚地表明该表面的凹进部分完全可用本发明的研磨片抛光。同时,对比图4(B)和4(C)的曲线,显然用本发明的No.1500研磨片产生的表面粗糙度变得比由No.1500防水砂纸产生的表面粗糙度更细(为便于比较,两种情况都命名用相同颗粒的No.1500)。
参见图5,对比代表用No.1500防水砂纸产生的表面粗糙度的图5(A)的曲线和代表用本发明的No.1500研磨片产生的粗糙度的图5(B)的曲线,显然通过本发明研磨片产生的粗糙度特别细(尽管这两种情况的测量方向不同)。
此外,对比同样都抛光30秒的图5B和5C的曲线,显然本发明研磨片的抛光效率更大。图5(D)的曲线表明粗的粗糙度仍保留于表面上,而图5(E)的曲线表明抛光120秒的较长时间后,最终达到与本发明几乎相同的细粗糙度。
用本发明的研磨片可实现如此优良抛光的原因目前尚未分析清楚。然而,可认为由于其中磨料颗粒层形成于软质树脂薄膜上的结构,在抛光操作中可自由地产生这种树脂薄膜的膨胀和收缩,因此可确保磨料颗粒层中的磨料颗粒与要整理的表面(无论存在于表面上的任何凸出和/或凹进部分)接触。
还可认为,若其中具有磨料颗粒的粘合剂层非常薄和柔软,特别是若磨料颗粒13和用于将这些颗粒13与树脂薄膜11粘结的粘合剂层12夹在树脂薄膜11和树脂层14之间,则由于树脂薄膜11和树脂层14的高韧性和良好膨胀/收缩特性,磨料颗粒13可自由运动的程度变得更大,因此,不存在磨料颗粒会很深地陷入要修理的表面中的可能性,结果,抛光操作后的表面粗糙度变得更细,与现有技术中的抛光方法相比达到更高的抛光效率。同时,当本发明的研磨片与海棉垫粘结时,研磨片可相当于海棉垫的一部分,它可使其上具有凸起/凹进部分的不平表面的可靠抛光。
如上所述,本发明的研磨片在抛光操作中显然可提供较高的抛光效率,并且可将表面上的痕迹或任何不平处或桔皮抛光。因此,为了大大降低抛光操作所需的人力和工期,本发明提供一种可取代目前用于汽车修理业中的细磨料抛光法的新的和改进的抛光工具。
Claims (8)
1.一种研磨片,其特征在于它包括:薄软质树脂薄膜;和形成于所述树脂薄膜上的磨料颗粒层。
2.根据权利要求1的研磨片,其中所述磨料颗粒层包括夹持磨料颗粒的软质树脂层和在所述软质树脂层和所述树脂薄膜之间将这些磨料颗粒与所述树脂薄膜粘结的粘合剂层。
3.根据权利要求1或2的研磨片,其中所述树脂薄膜的厚度为10至100μm,100%M为10至200kgf/cm2、拉伸强度为200至900kgf/cm2、伸长量为250至1000%;所述磨料颗粒层具有的磨料颗粒为No.400(P400)至No.4000。
4.根据权利要求1或2的研磨片,其中所述树脂薄膜具有的厚度为20至50μm,100%M为15至30kgf/cm2,拉伸强度为350至550kgf/cm2,伸长量为600至800%;所述磨料颗粒层具有的磨料颗粒为No.1000(P1000)至No.2000。
5.根据权利要求2,3或4的研磨片,其中所述树脂层具有与所述树脂薄膜相同的特性。
6.根据权利要求1至5任何一项的研磨片,其中所述树脂薄膜的背面设有压敏粘合剂层(PSA),该层便于通过所述树脂薄膜与海棉垫粘结使用研磨片。
7.生产研磨片的方法,其特征在于它包括步骤:
制备可剥离薄膜;
在涂有脱模剂的所述可剥离薄膜上形成薄软质树脂薄膜层;
在所述树脂薄膜层的上表面形成磨料颗粒层;
从所述可剥离薄膜上取出其上形成有所述颗粒层的所述树脂薄膜;
将其上形成有磨料颗粒层的所述树脂薄膜切割成任何合适尺寸以形成研磨片。
8.根据权利要求7的生成研磨片的方法,其中所述形成所述树脂薄膜的步骤还包括:
将所述可剥离薄膜涂有脱模剂的表面用聚氨酯树脂、包括NBR、SBR或其类似物的乳液涂布,及干燥所述涂层。
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1995
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1996
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- 1996-09-19 MY MYPI96003864A patent/MY114726A/en unknown
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1999
- 1999-01-26 US US09/236,566 patent/US6183677B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2808261B2 (ja) | 1998-10-08 |
AU685030B2 (en) | 1998-01-08 |
MY114726A (en) | 2002-12-31 |
DE69607560T2 (de) | 2000-10-19 |
EP0771613B1 (en) | 2000-04-05 |
KR100235572B1 (ko) | 2000-04-01 |
AU6572696A (en) | 1997-05-15 |
KR970020308A (ko) | 1997-05-28 |
EP0771613A1 (en) | 1997-05-07 |
DE69607560D1 (de) | 2000-05-11 |
TW310293B (zh) | 1997-07-11 |
JPH09123065A (ja) | 1997-05-13 |
US5928760A (en) | 1999-07-27 |
CN1079044C (zh) | 2002-02-13 |
US6183677B1 (en) | 2001-02-06 |
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