CN115413667B - Preparation for relieving cadmium stress of corn and application thereof - Google Patents
Preparation for relieving cadmium stress of corn and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115413667B CN115413667B CN202211124266.8A CN202211124266A CN115413667B CN 115413667 B CN115413667 B CN 115413667B CN 202211124266 A CN202211124266 A CN 202211124266A CN 115413667 B CN115413667 B CN 115413667B
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- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- YJPIGAIKUZMOQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Melatonin Natural products COC1=CC=C2N(C(C)=O)C=C(CCN)C2=C1 YJPIGAIKUZMOQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- DRLFMBDRBRZALE-UHFFFAOYSA-N melatonin Chemical compound COC1=CC=C2NC=C(CCNC(C)=O)C2=C1 DRLFMBDRBRZALE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229960003987 melatonin Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 241001057636 Dracaena deremensis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 24
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000482268 Zea mays subsp. mays Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002015 leaf growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035479 physiological effects, processes and functions Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 36
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 26
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 25
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 3
- JLIDBLDQVAYHNE-YKALOCIXSA-N (+)-Abscisic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)/C=C(/C)\C=C\[C@@]1(O)C(C)=CC(=O)CC1(C)C JLIDBLDQVAYHNE-YKALOCIXSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008121 plant development Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IHWDSEPNZDYMNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-indol-2-amine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(N)=CC2=C1 IHWDSEPNZDYMNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-QHBHMFGVSA-N 24-Epibrassinolide Natural products C1OC(=O)[C@H]2C[C@H](O)[C@H](O)C[C@]2(C)[C@H]2CC[C@]3(C)[C@@H]([C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](C)C(C)C)CC[C@H]3[C@@H]21 IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-QHBHMFGVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930192334 Auxin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-VRESXRICSA-N Brassinolide Natural products O=C1OC[C@@H]2[C@@H]3[C@@](C)([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](C(C)C)C)C)CC3)CC[C@@H]2[C@]2(C)[C@@H]1C[C@H](O)[C@H](O)C2 IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-VRESXRICSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000003643 Callosities Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010020649 Hyperkeratosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-VIFPVBQESA-N L-tryptophane Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C[C@H](N)C(O)=O)=CNC2=C1 QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tryptophan Natural products C1=CC=C2C(CC(N)C(O)=O)=CNC2=C1 QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002363 auxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-KNBKMWSGSA-N brassinolide Chemical compound C1OC(=O)[C@H]2C[C@H](O)[C@H](O)C[C@]2(C)[C@H]2CC[C@]3(C)[C@@H]([C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)C(C)C)CC[C@H]3[C@@H]21 IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-KNBKMWSGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical class [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009920 chelation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- FCRACOPGPMPSHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N desoxyabscisic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C(C)C=CC1C(C)=CC(=O)CC1(C)C FCRACOPGPMPSHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJKVHSBPTUYDLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydroxy(oxo)silane Chemical compound O[Si](O)=O IJKVHSBPTUYDLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001647 drug administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole-3-acetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)O)=CNC2=C1 SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052752 metalloid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015816 nutrient absorption Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036542 oxidative stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004983 pleiotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003934 vacuole Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P21/00—Plant growth regulators
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation for relieving corn cadmium stress and application thereof. Belonging to the technical field of crop physiology. The melatonin and the silicon are compounded for use, so that the melatonin-containing corn leaf and root growth promoting agent can promote the growth of corn plants under cadmium stress, promote the accumulation of dry matters of corn plants under cadmium stress, promote the growth of corn plant height and roots under cadmium stress and reduce the cadmium content of corn leaves and roots under cadmium stress. Provides a new technical approach for the safe production and yield increase of melatonin and silicon composite applied to field corns. Has important significance for realizing the safe, efficient and green sustainable development of agriculture.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crop physiology, in particular to a preparation for relieving corn cadmium stress and application thereof.
Background
Corn is the first large grain crop in our country. In recent years, farmland soil is polluted by heavy metal cadmium due to mineral exploitation, industrial wastewater and waste gas emission, large amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides and the like, and the phenomenon of exceeding the standard of cadmium of crops frequently occurs all over the country.
In recent years, numerous methods and approaches for reducing cadmium absorption and accumulation in plants have been reported. The agronomic control and the chemical method can effectively reduce the absorption and transportation of cadmium in plants, and researches show that biochar, exogenous zinc, selenium, silicon and the like can improve the growth of plants and relieve the influence of the plants under the stress of cadmium. The exogenous regulating substances can also effectively reduce the absorption and accumulation of cadmium by plants and reduce the transportation of cadmium from root systems to overground parts. Such as abscisic acid, 24-epibrassinolide, ethylene, auxin, salicylic acid, melatonin, etc. can obviously promote plant growth.
However, in the prior art, single use methods are mostly used, and the regulation and control effects are limited.
In summary, how to provide a formulation for alleviating cadmium stress of corn and its application is a problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a preparation for relieving corn cadmium stress and application thereof. The invention combines melatonin and silicon to have superposition effect, and provides an ecologically friendly feasible method for relieving cadmium toxicity.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an agent for relieving cadmium stress of corn comprises an agent A and an agent B;
the agent A comprises melatonin, an adhesive, an ethanol solution and water, wherein the mass volume ratio of the melatonin to the adhesive is 1.16 g/6 g (0.5-1 ml/1000 ml)
The agent B comprises sodium silicate.
The beneficial effects are that: melatonin, also known as N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine (N-acetyl-5-methoxyryptamine), is an indoleamine derived from tryptophan and has pleiotropic effects in plants. Silicon is a chemical element, a group IVA metalloid element, widely existing in the form of silicate or silicon dioxide in rock, gravel and dust, is the second most abundant element in the crust, and is a beneficial element for plant growth and development, next to oxygen. The proper amount of silicon can promote plant growth and development, enhance the photosynthetic capacity of plants, improve photosynthetic efficiency and crop biomass accumulation, promote nutrient absorption of corn, improve corn yield, improve the resistance of the plants to heavy metal stress, and reduce cadmium absorption and accumulation of corn.
Melatonin and silicon can promote the growth and development of plants, promote the growth of lateral roots, regulate photoperiod and yield, increase yield, delay aging and enhance the adversity stress resistance of plants, effectively relieve the toxic action of cadmium stress on plants and reduce the absorption and transportation of cadmium by plants. The invention researches and analyzes the influence of the compound regulation of melatonin and silicon on the tolerance of corn under cadmium stress, and provides a new technical approach for the safe production and yield increase of the melatonin and silicon compound applied to field corn. Has important significance for realizing the safe, efficient and green sustainable development of agriculture.
The combination of melatonin and silicon has a synergistic effect, and both can improve the oxidative stress caused by cadmium stress and improve the resistance of crops to growth; silicon can isolate heavy metals to areas with inactive metabolism and chelate the heavy metals to form coprecipitates, and melatonin can promote the chelation of cadmium by cell walls or vacuoles to limit the transportation of cadmium from roots to stems; in addition, both can inhibit the expression of cadmium related genes and reduce the absorption and toxicity of cadmium in roots to the greatest extent. The combined application of the two can provide an eco-friendly and feasible method for relieving the toxicity of cadmium.
Further, the adhesive comprises polyvinyl alcohol and cellulose, and the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the cellulose is 2.8:3.2.
The beneficial effects are that: the quality ratio can be uniformly used for seed coating, and has the characteristic of good film forming property.
Further, the ethanol solution is absolute ethanol.
The beneficial effects are that: the absolute ethanol solution can rapidly dissolve melatonin.
The application of the preparation in relieving the cadmium stress of corns.
Further, the formulation relieves maize cadmium stress by at least one of the following (1) - (4):
(1) Promoting the growth of corn plants under cadmium stress;
(2) Promoting the growth of corn plant height and roots under cadmium stress;
(3) Promoting the accumulation of dry matter of corn plants under cadmium stress;
(4) Reducing the cadmium content of corn leaves and roots under the stress of cadmium.
Further, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) Preparation of agent A: dissolving melatonin in ethanol solution, adding into water, adding adhesive, and stirring uniformly;
(2) Preparation of the agent B: sodium silicate is dissolved in water, and the mass volume ratio of the sodium silicate to the water is 0.318 g/1L;
(3) Seed dressing of corn seeds using agent a:
spraying agent A onto corn seeds, stirring with stirrer, covering the seed surface with a layer of medicinal film, and air drying.
Seed dressing is generally carried out the day before sowing, and the safety of the drug administration is required to be paid attention to when seed dressing. If the seeds are mixed manually, the medicine should be uniformly applied. If the seeds are mechanically mixed, the seeds need to be prevented from excessively rolling in the machine, so that the seeds are prevented from being damaged. The seeds after seed dressing are slowly dried in the shade in a room, so that sunlight irradiation or drying with strong wind is avoided;
(4) Silicon is provided by sodium silicate: na (Na) 2 SiO 3 ·5H 2 The dosage of O is 1.5mmol/L;
(5) Sowing.
Furthermore, the using amount of the agent A is 2-3% of the mass of the corn seeds.
The beneficial effects are that: the seeds were uniformly and consistently coated.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the melatonin and the silicon are compounded for use, so that the melatonin-containing corn leaf and root growth promoting agent can promote the growth of corn plants under cadmium stress, promote the accumulation of dry matters of corn plants under cadmium stress, promote the growth of corn plant height and roots under cadmium stress and reduce the cadmium content of corn leaves and roots under cadmium stress. Provides a new technical approach for the safe production and yield increase of melatonin and silicon composite applied to field corns. Has important significance for realizing the safe, efficient and green sustainable development of agriculture.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a drawing showing the growth of maize plants under the cadmium stress condition in experiment 1 of the present invention, wherein a is the growth of overground parts, and b is the growth of root systems;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the plant height of maize plants under cadmium stress in experiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the primary root length under cadmium stress conditions in experiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the dry weight of plants under cadmium stress conditions in experiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the cadmium content of different parts of corn under the condition of cadmium stress in experiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The required medicament in the embodiment of the invention is a conventional experimental medicament and is purchased from a commercial channel; the experimental methods not mentioned in the examples are conventional experimental methods, and are not described in detail herein.
Example 1
(1) 1.16g of melatonin is dissolved in 1ml of absolute ethanol solution, and then 1L of water is added to obtain solution A;
(2) 2.8g of polyvinyl alcohol and 3.2g of cellulose are dissolved in the solution A, and the suspension agent, namely the agent A, is obtained by uniformly mixing and stirring;
(3) Seed dressing is carried out 1 day before sowing, and the corn seeds are subjected to seed dressing by using the agent A;
(4) Silicon is provided by sodium silicate, 0.318g Na is weighed 2 SiO 3 ·5H 2 O is dissolved in 1L of water;
(5) Sowing.
Experiment 1
(1) Experiment site: the test was carried out in the artificial climate chamber of the academy of science and technology in Henan, 6 months 2021. Experimental treatment: adopts a water planting method, firstly selects corn seeds with uniform shape and size, uses 10% H to make the corn seeds 2 O 2 Sterilizing for 5min, and then flushing with tap water for 6-8 times, wherein the indoor seed dressing treatment is Cd, mt50+Cd, si+Cd, mt50+Si+Cd. The treatment of silicon and cadmium is to dissolve silicon and cadmium in sterilized saturated calcium sulfate solution, and the dosages are Si:1.5mmol/L (Na) 2 SiO 3 ·5H 2 O)、Cd：35mg/L(CdCl 2 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The treatment containing melatonin adopts melatonin solution and seed dressing agent (seed dressing agent: cellulose 0.32g/100ml, polyvinyl alcohol 0.28g/100 ml), and the treatment without melatonin adopts clear water and seed dressing agent (seed dressing agent is the same as above);
cd group: cadmium stressed and without the formulation prepared by the invention;
si+cd group: cadmium stressed and only treated with silicon;
mt50+cd group: cadmium stressed and only melatonin treatment was used;
mt50+si+cd group: is cadmium stressed and treated according to the method of example 1 of the present invention.
Measuring the index:
corn seedlings with consistent growth vigor are selected after 18 days of culture, each treatment is repeated for 4 times, and morphological indexes of corn treated differently, such as plant height, root system characteristics, leaf projection area, dry weight, cadmium content of different parts and the like, are measured.
(1) The measuring method comprises the following steps:
plant height, main root length: the main root length and plant height were measured manually with a ruler. Each treatment was repeated for 4 strains.
Root morphology and leaf scanning: 4 seedlings with consistent growth vigor in different treatments are respectively taken and repeated. And scanning the integral root system shape and the leaf blade by an EPSON scanner, and then analyzing the total root length, the total root surface area, the total root volume, the root average diameter and the leaf blade projection area by using Win RHIZO software.
Dry weight: separating root system and aerial parts of the selected plants, placing fresh samples into a 105 ℃ oven for enzyme deactivation for 30min, drying at 80 ℃ to constant weight, weighing aerial parts and dry weight of the root system respectively, and repeating each treatment for 3 times.
And (3) cadmium content measurement: grinding and crushing each part of the plant after weighing the dry weight, weighing 0.05g of sample in a tetrafluoro crucible, adding 20ml of mixed solution (nitric acid: perchloric acid=3:1) for nitrolysis for 12 hours, then placing the tetrafluoro crucible on an electric heating plate (about 170 ℃) in a fume hood for acid removal, stopping acid removal when the volume of the solution becomes the size of soybean, cooling, using 3% nitric acid to fix the volume to 25ml, and shaking uniformly for later use. Finally, the cadmium content is measured by using an Optima2100DV inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer of PE company in the United states.
(2) Results: the results are shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 and Table 1.
As can be seen from fig. 1 to 5 and table 1: the Cd group obviously inhibits the growth of the overground parts and root systems of corn plants, reduces the plant height and the root system length, and simultaneously reduces the accumulation amount of plant dry matters; the MT50+Si+Cd group remarkably promotes the growth of the overground parts and root systems of corn plants under the condition of cadmium stress, increases the plant height and root system length, increases the accumulation amount of dry matters of the plants, and reduces the accumulation of cadmium in root systems and leaves.
From figures 1 and 2, the growth of the aerial parts and root systems of corn seedlings under cadmium stress is inhibited, the plant height of the Mt50+Cd treatment is slightly reduced, but the plant heights of the Si+Cd and Mt50+Si+Cd treatment are obviously larger than that of the Cd treatment.
As can be seen from fig. 3, cadmium stress inhibits the length of corn seedling main roots, the promotion effect of exogenous regulator substances on the corn main roots under cadmium stress is different, the maximum of the length of the corn main roots is obviously greater than that of other treatments by the combined application of silicon and melatonin, and the application of silicon also has obvious promotion effect on the growth of the corn main roots, so that the effect of the melatonin seed dressing treatment on the length of the main roots is not obviously different from that of Cd treatment.
Table 1 melatonin seed dressing and its effect on corn root characteristics and leaf area under cadmium stress conditions with silicon treatment
Under the condition of cadmium stress, the application of melatonin and silicon promotes the growth and development of corn root systems. Under the condition of cadmium stress, the total root length, root volume and root surface area of the corn are better than those of independent application of silicon and melatonin under the compound treatment of the melatonin and the silicon, no obvious difference exists between the average diameters of the roots, the projected area of the leaves is minimum, and no obvious difference exists in other treatments.
As can be seen from fig. 4, cadmium stress reduced the accumulation of dry matter on the aerial parts of maize plants, while the underground root system was not significantly changed. Under the condition of cadmium stress, the melatonin seed dressing can also increase the dry weight of corn leaves and root systems, the effect of the composite treatment of the two is also better than that of the independent treatment, and the difference between the treatments does not reach a significant level.
As can be seen from fig. 5, the different melatonin treatments and the application thereof with silicon significantly reduced the accumulation of plant parts. The cadmium content in the root system is obviously higher than that of the blade. Under the condition of cadmium stress, compared with Cd treatment, the cadmium content in the leaves of the seedling treated by the melatonin seed dressing treatment is respectively reduced by 72.90 percent, 24.89 percent and 76.37 percent; the root systems are 9.42%, 1.84% and 13.76% respectively.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (6)
1. A formulation for alleviating cadmium stress in corn comprising an agent a and an agent B;
the agent A comprises melatonin, an adhesive, an ethanol solution and water, wherein the mass volume ratio of the melatonin to the adhesive is 1.16 g/6 g (0.5-1 ml/1000 ml);
the agent B comprises sodium silicate;
the adhesive comprises polyvinyl alcohol and cellulose, and the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the cellulose is 2.8:3.2.
2. The formulation for alleviating cadmium stress in corn of claim 1 wherein said ethanol solution is absolute ethanol.
3. Use of a formulation according to any one of claims 1-2 for alleviating cadmium stress in maize.
4. The use of claim 3, wherein the formulation relieves maize cadmium stress by at least one of (1) to (4):
(1) Promoting the growth of corn plants under cadmium stress;
(2) Promoting the accumulation of dry matter of corn plants under cadmium stress;
(3) Promoting the growth of corn plant height and roots under cadmium stress;
(4) Reducing the cadmium content of corn leaves and roots under the stress of cadmium.
5. The use according to claim 3, characterized by the following specific steps:
(1) Preparation of agent A: dissolving melatonin in ethanol solution, adding into water, adding adhesive, and stirring uniformly;
(2) Preparation of the agent B: sodium silicate is dissolved in water, and the mass volume ratio of the sodium silicate to the water is 0.318 g/1L;
(3) Dressing corn seeds by using the agent A;
(4) Silicon is provided by sodium silicate: na (Na) 2 SiO 3 ·5H 2 The dosage of O is 1.5mmol/L;
(5) Sowing.
6. The use according to claim 5, wherein the amount of agent a used is 2-3% of the mass of corn seeds.
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| 干旱胁迫下硅对玉米光合作用和保护酶的影响;李清芳;马成仓;尚启亮;;应用生态学报(03);全文 * |
| 镉胁迫下不同改良剂对水稻种子萌发和镉吸收积累的影响;王丙烁 等;《农业环境科学学报》;第38卷(第4期);第747页第1栏倒数第1段、第2栏第1段；第752页第2栏倒数第2段；第753页第1栏倒数第1段；第748-753页 * |
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