CN115385575B - Super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze and preparation method thereof, glazed brick and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze and preparation method thereof, glazed brick and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115385575B CN115385575B CN202211033471.3A CN202211033471A CN115385575B CN 115385575 B CN115385575 B CN 115385575B CN 202211033471 A CN202211033471 A CN 202211033471A CN 115385575 B CN115385575 B CN 115385575B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/14—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions
- C03C8/20—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions containing titanium compounds; containing zirconium compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/02—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form
- C03C8/04—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form containing zinc
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/89—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Abstract
The invention discloses a super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze and a preparation method thereof, and a glazed brick and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of building ceramics. The super wear-resistant polished glazed brick glaze comprises a raw material composition and wear-resistant clinker, wherein the raw material composition comprises kaolin, calcined kaolin, corundum powder, quartz, dolomite, calcined talcum, zinc oxide, strontium carbonate, wollastonite, potassium feldspar and albite; the raw materials of the wear-resistant frit comprise kaolin, corundum, quartz, zircon powder, calcined talcum, potassium feldspar, calcite, zinc oxide, borax and sodium cryolite. The super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze disclosed by the invention can obviously improve the hardness and wear resistance of a glazed brick, does not influence the transparency and color development of a glazed surface, solves the problem that the glazed brick is easy to scratch due to low polished glaze hardness and poor wear resistance of the traditional glazed brick, and can effectively improve the flatness of the glazed surface of the glazed brick before polishing and reduce the defect of water ripple.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building ceramics, in particular to a super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze and a preparation method thereof, and a glazed brick and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The ceramic glazed tile integrates the advantages of ceramic glazed tile and polished tile, has rich pattern, smooth and bright surface, and is popular with consumers due to rich pattern and clear texture level. However, some defects of the glazed brick are gradually highlighted along with the time, wherein the most prominent is that after the common glazed brick is polished, the surface crystal layer glaze is completely destroyed, the polished glaze has low hardness and poor wear resistance, so that the glazed brick is easy to scratch, and meanwhile, the glaze layer is easy to damage in the polishing and grinding process due to lower hardness of the glaze, so that the polished glaze has poor flatness and more obvious water ripple.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of the background technology, the invention aims to provide the super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze which can obviously improve the hardness and wear resistance of the glazed brick, does not influence the transparency and color development of the glazed surface, solves the problem that the glazed brick is easy to scratch due to low hardness and poor wear resistance of the glazed surface of the existing glazed brick, and can effectively improve the flatness of the glazed surface of the glazed brick before polishing and reduce the defect of water ripple.
The invention further aims at providing a preparation method of the super wear-resistant glazed tile glaze, which is simple and can be used for preparing the super wear-resistant glazed tile glaze with the advantages of high hardness, high wear resistance and high transparency.
The invention also aims to provide the super wear-resistant glazed brick which has the advantages of high hardness and high wear resistance, so that the glazed surface is easy to scratch, the flatness of the glazed surface is high, and water waves are not obvious.
The invention further aims at providing a preparation method of the super wear-resistant glazed brick, which is simple and can be used for preparing the super wear-resistant glazed brick with high hardness, good wear resistance and high transparency.
To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze comprises a raw material composition and wear-resistant clinker, wherein the raw material composition comprises kaolin, calcined kaolin, corundum powder, quartz, dolomite, calcined talcum, zinc oxide, strontium carbonate, wollastonite, potassium feldspar and albite;
the raw materials of the wear-resistant frit comprise kaolin, corundum, quartz, zircon powder, calcined talcum, potassium feldspar, calcite, zinc oxide, borax and sodium cryolite.
Further, according to the mass portion, the raw material composition comprises 6 to 15 portions of kaolin, 8 to 15 portions of calcined kaolin, 3 to 8 portions of corundum powder, 2 to 8 portions of quartz, 8 to 15 portions of dolomite, 15 to 22 portions of calcined talcum, 2 to 8 portions of zinc oxide, 5 to 10 portions of strontium carbonate, 5 to 10 portions of wollastonite, 10 to 15 portions of potassium feldspar and 30 to 40 portions of albite;
the raw materials of the wear-resistant frit comprise 20-30 parts of kaolin, 5-10 parts of corundum powder, 5-10 parts of quartz, 1-3 parts of zircon powder, 25-35 parts of calcined talcum, 5-10 parts of potassium feldspar, 10-18 parts of calcite, 4-8 parts of zinc oxide, 2-5 parts of borax and 1-5 parts of sodium cryolite.
Further, in the super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze, the mass ratio of the raw material composition to the wear-resistant frit is (5-7): (3-5).
Further, the fineness of corundum powder in the super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze is 325 meshes;
the fineness of zircon powder in the wear-resistant frit is 325 meshes.
Further, according to the mass parts, the raw material composition comprises 8 parts of kaolin, 10 parts of calcined kaolin, 4 parts of corundum powder, 4 parts of quartz, 10 parts of dolomite, 18 parts of calcined talcum, 4 parts of zinc oxide, 8 parts of strontium carbonate, 8 parts of wollastonite, 12 parts of potassium feldspar and 34 parts of albite;
the raw materials of the wear-resistant frit comprise 25 parts of kaolin, 6 parts of corundum powder, 7 parts of quartz, 2 parts of zircon powder, 30 parts of calcined talcum, 6 parts of potassium feldspar, 13 parts of calcite, 5 parts of zinc oxide, 3 parts of borax and 3 parts of sodium cryolite.
The preparation method of the super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze is used for preparing the super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze and comprises the following steps of:
step A, mixing raw materials of the wear-resistant frit according to a proportion, firing at a high temperature, quenching by water, and drying to obtain the wear-resistant frit;
and step B, mixing the wear-resistant frit and the raw material composition, sequentially adding sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium tripolyphosphate and water, and performing ball milling to obtain the super wear-resistant glazed tile glaze.
Further, in the step a, a temperature profile of the wear-resistant frit subjected to high-temperature firing is as follows:
heating from normal temperature to 500 ℃ for 2 hours;
heating from 500 ℃ to 900 ℃ for 2 hours;
heating from 900 ℃ to 1530 ℃ for 1.5 hours;
the temperature is maintained at 1530℃for 1h.
Further, in the step B, the specific gravity of the super wear-resistant polished glazed tile glaze is 1.9g/cm 3 The flow rate was 55 seconds and the screen residue through a 325 mesh screen was 0.4%.
The super wear-resistant glazed brick sequentially comprises a blank layer, a surface glaze layer, an ink-jet layer and a glaze polishing layer from bottom to top, wherein the glaze polishing layer uses the super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze.
The preparation method of the super wear-resistant glazed brick is used for preparing the super wear-resistant glazed brick and comprises the following steps of:
(1) Performing blank throwing treatment on the surface of the blank;
(2) Spraying overglaze on the surface of the polished blank to obtain an overglaze layer;
(3) Carrying out ink-jet printing on the surface of the overglaze layer to obtain an ink-jet layer;
(4) Spraying super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze on the surface of the ink-jet layer to obtain a glazed layer;
(5) And (3) sintering the green body treated in the step (4), and polishing to obtain the super wear-resistant glazed brick.
The technical scheme has the following beneficial effects: according to the technical scheme, the raw material composition and the wear-resistant frit are compounded and used, because the wear-resistant frit contains a large amount of residual magnesium oxide ions, after the wear-resistant frit is compounded with the raw material composition, more cordierite crystals can be separated out from the glaze, so that the overall wear resistance and hardness of the glaze are improved.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below with reference to the specific embodiments.
The super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze comprises a raw material composition and wear-resistant clinker, wherein the raw material composition comprises kaolin, calcined kaolin, corundum powder, quartz, dolomite, calcined talcum, zinc oxide, strontium carbonate, wollastonite, potassium feldspar and albite;
the raw materials of the wear-resistant frit comprise kaolin, corundum, quartz, zircon powder, calcined talcum, potassium feldspar, calcite, zinc oxide, borax and sodium cryolite.
After the common glazed brick is polished, the surface crystal layer glaze is completely destroyed, the polished glaze has low hardness and poor wear resistance, so that the glazed brick is easy to scratch, and meanwhile, the glaze layer is easy to damage in the polishing and grinding process due to the lower hardness of the glaze, so that the polished glaze has poor flatness and obvious water ripple.
It is worth to be explained that the corundum powder is introduced into the raw material composition in the technical scheme, the corundum powder has the effects of high hardness and good transparency, the hardness and the transparency of the corundum powder are superior to those of the calcined alumina powder, and the hardness and the transparency of the super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze can be improved; meanwhile, dolomite and talcum powder in the raw material composition have the characteristic of high magnesium content, can react with kaolin in the high-temperature sintering process to produce cordierite crystals, can improve the hardness and wear resistance of the glaze, and meanwhile, the produced cordierite crystals have the advantages of high transparency and the like; wollastonite in the raw material composition has strong fluxing capability, can be used for separating anorthite out of the super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze, and is helpful for improving the hardness and wear resistance of the super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze; the zinc oxide, the potassium feldspar and the albite in the raw material composition are low-temperature cosolvent, and have the advantage of high low-temperature activity, so that the leveling property of the glaze is good, and the problems of poor antifouling property of the glaze can be solved; meanwhile, when the strontium carbonate is applied to the glaze formula, the strontium carbonate contains strontium oxide, and the atomic radius of the strontium oxide is large, so that the high-temperature viscosity in the fluxing process is large, and the formation and precipitation of crystal nucleus are facilitated.
Further, the skeleton structure, namely corundum powder, is added into the wear-resistant frit, so that the hardness, wear resistance and transparency of the wear-resistant frit can be effectively improved; meanwhile, zircon powder is added into the wear-resistant frit, the zircon powder contains zirconia, and the zirconia is introduced into a glaze formula, so that the toughness and the hardness of the glaze can be increased, and the wear resistance of the glaze can be improved; the wear-resistant frit is characterized in that the sintered talcum is applied to a formula structure, so that the wear-resistant frit contains a large amount of magnesium oxide ions, and the magnesium oxide ions are combined with kaolin to generate cordierite crystals at high temperature, so that the wear resistance of the glaze can be effectively improved; sodium cryolite is added into the wear-resistant frit to be used as a flux, so that the melting point of corundum powder can be reduced, and more fused corundum phases are produced in the frit; the cosolvent such as borax, zinc oxide, potassium feldspar and the like in the wear-resistant frit can promote the formation of a glass phase, so that the frit has good fluidity at high temperature and is easy to discharge.
The technical scheme is characterized in that the raw material composition and the wear-resistant frit are compounded and used, because the wear-resistant frit contains a large amount of residual magnesium oxide ions, after the wear-resistant frit is compounded with the raw material composition, more cordierite crystals can be separated out from the glaze, so that the overall wear resistance and hardness of the glaze are improved.
Further description, according to mass parts, the raw material composition comprises 6-15 parts of kaolin, 8-15 parts of calcined kaolin, 3-8 parts of corundum powder, 2-8 parts of quartz, 8-15 parts of dolomite, 15-22 parts of calcined talcum, 2-8 parts of zinc oxide, 5-10 parts of strontium carbonate, 5-10 parts of wollastonite, 10-15 parts of potassium feldspar and 30-40 parts of albite;
the raw materials of the wear-resistant frit comprise 20-30 parts of kaolin, 5-10 parts of corundum powder, 5-10 parts of quartz, 1-3 parts of zircon powder, 25-35 parts of calcined talcum, 5-10 parts of potassium feldspar, 10-18 parts of calcite, 4-8 parts of zinc oxide, 2-5 parts of borax and 1-5 parts of sodium cryolite.
It is worth noting that when the raw material composition and the wear-resistant frit adopt the above formula, the raw material composition and the wear-resistant frit have higher hardness, wear resistance and transparency, and simultaneously the antifouling effect is better, moreover, the framework structure in the wear-resistant frit, namely the corundum powder, is used in larger amount, so that the hardness, wear resistance and transparency of the wear-resistant frit can be effectively improved, the wear-resistant frit contains a large amount of calcined talcum, so that the wear-resistant frit contains a large amount of magnesium oxide ions, and after the preparation of the wear-resistant frit is completed, the wear-resistant frit also contains a large amount of residual magnesium oxide ions, and after the wear-resistant frit, the raw material composition and the compound are used, more cordierite crystals can be separated out from the super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze, so that the overall wear resistance and hardness of the glaze are improved.
Specifically, in the raw material composition, too much kaolin can affect the fluidity of the glaze, and too little kaolin can reduce the suspension property and the storage time of the glaze; if the amount of the corundum powder is too large, the transparency of the glaze is low, and if the amount of the corundum powder is too small, the wear resistance of the glaze is insufficient; if the zinc oxide is used too much, the cost of the glaze can be greatly increased, and if the zinc oxide is used too little, the color development of the glaze is insufficient and the transparency is poor easily; if the amount of the calcined talc is too large, the color development becomes poor and the transparency becomes poor, and if the amount of the calcined talc is too small, the abrasion resistance is affected, so that the abrasion resistance of the glaze is reduced; if the amount of strontium carbonate is too large, the color development and transparency of the glaze become poor, and if the amount of strontium carbonate is too small, the wear resistance of the glaze is also reduced.
In the wear-resistant frit, if the amount of corundum powder is too large, transparency is poor, and if the amount of corundum powder is too small, wear resistance of the wear-resistant frit and glaze is poor; if the dosage of the zircon powder is too large, the transparency of the glaze is also deteriorated, and if the dosage of the zircon powder is too small, the wear resistance of the glaze is deteriorated; if the amount of the calcined talc is too large, the transparency of the glaze is poor, and if the amount of the calcined talc is too small, the abrasion resistance is also reduced; if the consumption of zinc oxide is too large, the preparation cost of the wear-resistant frit is too high, and if the consumption of zinc oxide is too small, the transparency of the frit can be reduced, so that the color difference of the glaze is caused; if the amount of sodium cryolite is too large, poor transparency and color difference are caused, and if the amount of sodium cryolite is too small, the wear resistance and hardness of the glaze are reduced.
Further, in the super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze, the mass ratio of the raw material composition to the wear-resistant frit is (5-7): (3-5).
Specifically, when the mass ratio of the raw material composition to the wear-resistant frit is (5-7): (3-5) so that the prepared super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze has higher hardness and wear resistance, and has better flatness and antifouling effect after the glaze is applied to the glazed brick.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the raw material composition to the wear-resistant frit is 6:4, the super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze has optimal hardness and wear resistance, and a large amount of residual magnesium oxide ions in the wear-resistant frit can effectively react with kaolin in the raw material composition to produce cordierite crystals, so that more cordierite crystals are separated out, and the overall wear resistance and hardness of the glaze are greatly improved.
Further describing that the fineness of the corundum powder in the super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze is 325 meshes;
the fineness of zircon powder in the wear-resistant frit is 325 meshes.
It is worth noting that in the wear-resistant frit formula, the corundum powder and the zircon powder with high melting points are all fine powder which is crushed into 325 meshes, so that the corundum powder and the zircon powder can be partially melted into a frit glass phase in the preparation process of the wear-resistant frit, the hardness and the transparency of the wear-resistant frit can be improved, and if the particle sizes of the corundum powder and the zircon powder in the wear-resistant frit are thicker, the transparency of the wear-resistant frit is poorer, and the color development of the glaze can be influenced. Similarly, the corundum powder in the raw material composition is crushed into fine powder with the fineness of 325 meshes, so that the hardness and the transparency of the glaze can be effectively improved, the wear resistance of the glaze surface is improved, and the color development of the glaze is not influenced.
Further illustrating, the raw material composition comprises, by mass, 8 parts of kaolin, 10 parts of calcined kaolin, 4 parts of corundum powder, 4 parts of quartz, 10 parts of dolomite, 18 parts of calcined talc, 4 parts of zinc oxide, 8 parts of strontium carbonate, 8 parts of wollastonite, 12 parts of potassium feldspar and 34 parts of albite;
the raw materials of the wear-resistant frit comprise 25 parts of kaolin, 6 parts of corundum powder, 7 parts of quartz, 2 parts of zircon powder, 30 parts of calcined talcum, 6 parts of potassium feldspar, 13 parts of calcite, 5 parts of zinc oxide, 3 parts of borax and 3 parts of sodium cryolite.
When the raw materials of the raw material composition and the wear-resistant frit adopt the formula, the consumption of the burned talcum in the wear-resistant frit reaches 30 parts, part of the wear-resistant frit is combined with kaolin to form cordierite transparent crystals in the firing process, meanwhile, a large amount of surplus magnesium ions remain in the wear-resistant frit during secondary firing after the wear-resistant frit is compounded with the raw material composition, and a certain amount of potassium feldspar and sodium feldspar are introduced into the formula of the raw material composition, so that the wear-resistant frit and the raw material composition form a high-temperature viscosity difference, and a large amount of crystal nuclei form and grow up in the formula system, so that the glazed crystal texture is strong, the hardness is high, the transparency is high, and the wear resistance is higher.
The preparation method of the super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze is used for preparing the super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze and comprises the following steps of:
step A, mixing raw materials of the wear-resistant frit according to a proportion, firing at a high temperature, quenching by water, and drying to obtain the wear-resistant frit;
and step B, mixing the wear-resistant frit and the raw material composition, sequentially adding sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium tripolyphosphate and water, and performing ball milling to obtain the super wear-resistant glazed tile glaze.
Specifically, in the step B, according to the mass percent of dry materials of the super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze, the addition amount of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 0.18%, the addition amount of sodium tripolyphosphate is 0.45%, the addition amount of water is 38%, the additives are added into the mixed materials, ball milling is carried out for 14 hours, then glaze slurry is put, and a 100-mesh vibrating screen is adopted, so that the super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze is obtained, and after the super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze is aged for 24 hours, the super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze is ready for use.
Further illustratively, in the step a, the temperature profile of the high temperature firing of the wear resistant frit is as follows:
heating from normal temperature to 500 ℃ for 2 hours;
heating from 500 ℃ to 900 ℃ for 2 hours;
heating from 900 ℃ to 1530 ℃ for 1.5 hours;
the temperature is maintained at 1530℃for 1h.
Further described, in the step B, the specific gravity of the super wear-resistant glazed tile glaze is 1.9g/cm 3 The flow rate was 55 seconds and the screen residue through a 325 mesh screen was 0.4%.
The super wear-resistant glazed brick sequentially comprises a blank layer, a surface glaze layer, an ink-jet layer and a glaze polishing layer from bottom to top, wherein the glaze polishing layer uses the super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze.
The main reason that the water ripple of the existing glazed brick is obvious is that the high-temperature viscosity of the common glazed brick glaze is small, a few wave patterns appear on the glaze in the sintering process, the flatness of the glaze is low, the surface layer of the glaze needs to be damaged in the polishing process, certain requirements are met for the polishing depth, the common glazed brick is low in hardness and poor in toughness, the problem of water ripple of the glaze can be easily observed after the polished glazed brick is observed by backlight observation after polishing, and the super wear-resistant glazed brick of the technical scheme adopts the super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze, so that the flatness of the glaze before polishing of the super wear-resistant glazed brick is effectively improved, and meanwhile, the defects of water ripple can be reduced under the same polishing conditions due to the fact that the hardness and the toughness of the super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze are good, so that the super wear-resistant glazed brick of the technical scheme has the advantages of high hardness and high wear resistance, and the defect of water ripple can be reduced.
The preparation method of the super wear-resistant glazed brick is used for preparing the super wear-resistant glazed brick and comprises the following steps of:
(1) Performing blank throwing treatment on the surface of the blank;
(2) Spraying overglaze on the surface of the polished blank to obtain an overglaze layer;
(3) Carrying out ink-jet printing on the surface of the overglaze layer to obtain an ink-jet layer;
(4) Spraying super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze on the surface of the ink-jet layer to obtain a glazed layer;
(5) And (3) sintering the green body treated in the step (4), and polishing to obtain the super wear-resistant glazed brick.
Specifically, in the step (1), the surface of the green body is polished, so that the flatness of the green body can be improved, the glaze is heated more uniformly in the firing process of the later-stage glaze, the crystal distribution of the glaze layer is more uniform, and the overall wear resistance of the glaze surface is improved. In the step (5), the sintering temperature is 1200-1230 ℃, polishing is carried out after sintering, and the polishing depth can be properly adjusted in the polishing process, so that the glaze is smoother, and the water ripple is reduced.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below by combining specific examples and comparative examples.
Examples 1 to 5
The super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze comprises a raw material composition and wear-resistant frit, wherein the mass ratio of the raw material composition to the wear-resistant frit is 6:4, a step of;
according to the mass portion, the raw material composition comprises 6 to 15 portions of kaolin, 8 to 15 portions of calcined kaolin, 3 to 8 portions of corundum powder, 2 to 8 portions of quartz, 8 to 15 portions of dolomite, 15 to 22 portions of calcined talcum, 2 to 8 portions of zinc oxide, 5 to 10 portions of strontium carbonate, 5 to 10 portions of wollastonite, 10 to 15 portions of potassium feldspar and 30 to 40 portions of albite, wherein the fineness of the corundum powder is 325 meshes;
the raw materials of the wear-resistant frit comprise 20-30 parts of kaolin, 5-10 parts of corundum powder, 5-10 parts of quartz, 1-3 parts of zircon powder, 25-35 parts of calcined talc, 5-10 parts of potassium feldspar, 10-18 parts of calcite, 4-8 parts of zinc oxide, 2-5 parts of borax and 1-5 parts of sodium cryolite, wherein the fineness of the corundum powder and the zircon powder is 325 meshes.
Specifically, in examples 1-5, the raw material composition and the wear resistant frit were formulated as shown in tables 1 and 2 below:
table 1 formulation (units/part) of raw meal composition in examples 1-5
| Examples | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Kaolin clay | 6 | 10 | 8 | 12 | 15 |
| Calcined kaolin | 15 | 12 | 10 | 10 | 8 |
| Corundum powder | 3 | 5 | 4 | 7 | 8 |
| Quartz | 4 | 2 | 4 | 8 | 6 |
| Dolomite (Dolomite) | 15 | 10 | 10 | 12 | 8 |
| Calcined talc | 15 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 22 |
| Zinc oxide | 2 | 4 | 4 | 6 | 8 |
| Strontium carbonate | 5 | 6 | 8 | 10 | 9 |
| Wollastonite | 8 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 5 |
| Potassium feldspar | 10 | 14 | 12 | 11 | 15 |
| Albite feldspar | 40 | 30 | 34 | 35 | 36 |
Table 2 formulation (units/parts) of wear resistant frit in examples 1-5
| Examples | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Kaolin clay | 20 | 23 | 25 | 28 | 30 |
| Corundum powder | 10 | 7 | 6 | 8 | 9 |
| Quartz | 10 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 5 |
| Zircon powder | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| Calcined talc | 35 | 33 | 30 | 25 | 32 |
| Potassium feldspar | 5 | 10 | 6 | 8 | 6 |
| Calcite | 10 | 15 | 13 | 18 | 16 |
| Zinc oxide | 8 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Borax | 5 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 3 |
| Sodium cryolite | 5 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 4 |
Specifically, the preparation method of the super wear-resistant polished glazed tile glaze in the embodiment 1-5 comprises the following steps:
and step A, mixing raw materials of the wear-resistant frit according to a proportion, performing high-temperature firing, performing water quenching, and drying to obtain the wear-resistant frit, wherein a temperature curve of the wear-resistant frit during high-temperature firing is as follows:
heating from normal temperature to 500 ℃ for 2 hours;
heating from 500 ℃ to 900 ℃ for 2 hours;
heating from 900 ℃ to 1530 ℃ for 1.5 hours;
preserving heat for 1h at 1530 ℃;
and B, mixing the wear-resistant frit and the raw material composition, sequentially adding 0.18% of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.45% of sodium tripolyphosphate and 38% of water, and performing ball milling for 14 hours to obtain the super wear-resistant glazed tile glaze.
Example 6
The formulation and preparation method of the super wear-resistant glazed tile glaze in the embodiment are the same as those in the embodiment 3, except that the mass ratio of the raw material composition to the wear-resistant frit in the embodiment is 5:3.
example 7
The formulation and preparation method of the super wear-resistant glazed tile glaze in the embodiment are the same as those in the embodiment 3, except that the mass ratio of the raw material composition to the wear-resistant frit in the embodiment is 7:5.
example 8
The super wear-resistant glazed tile glaze prepared in the embodiments 1 to 7 is respectively used for preparing super wear-resistant glazed tiles to respectively obtain a glazed tile 1, a glazed tile 2, a glazed tile 3, a glazed tile 4, a glazed tile 5, a glazed tile 6 and a glazed tile 7, wherein the preparation method of the super wear-resistant glazed tile in the embodiments 1 to 7 comprises the following steps:
(1) Performing blank throwing treatment on the surface of the blank;
(2) Spraying overglaze on the surface of the polished blank to obtain an overglaze layer;
(3) Carrying out ink-jet printing on the surface of the overglaze layer to obtain an ink-jet layer;
(4) Spraying super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze on the surface of the ink-jet layer to obtain a glazed layer;
(5) And (3) sintering the green body treated in the step (4), and polishing to obtain the super wear-resistant glazed brick.
Comparative example 1
The raw materials of the super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze comprise 8 parts of kaolin, 10 parts of calcined kaolin, 4 parts of corundum powder, 4 parts of quartz, 10 parts of dolomite, 18 parts of calcined talcum, 4 parts of zinc oxide, 8 parts of strontium carbonate, 8 parts of wollastonite, 12 parts of potassium feldspar and 34 parts of albite, wherein the fineness of the corundum powder is 325 meshes;
specifically, the preparation method of the super wear-resistant glazed tile glaze in the comparative example comprises the following steps: mixing the raw materials of the super wear-resistant glazed tile glaze, sequentially adding 0.18% of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.45% of sodium tripolyphosphate and 38% of water, and performing ball milling for 14 hours to obtain the super wear-resistant glazed tile glaze.
Using the super wear-resistant glazed tile glaze in this comparative example, a glazed tile was prepared according to the preparation method of the super wear-resistant glazed tile in example 8, to obtain a comparative glazed tile 1.
Comparative example 2
The raw materials of the super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze in the comparative example are wear-resistant clinker, wherein the raw materials of the wear-resistant clinker comprise 25 parts of kaolin, 6 parts of corundum powder, 7 parts of quartz, 2 parts of zircon powder, 30 parts of calcined talcum, 6 parts of potassium feldspar, 103 parts of calcite, 5 parts of zinc oxide, 3 parts of borax and 3 parts of sodium cryolite, and the fineness of the corundum powder and the zircon powder is 325 meshes
The preparation method of the super wear-resistant glazed tile glaze in the comparative example comprises the following steps:
and step A, mixing raw materials of the wear-resistant frit according to a proportion, performing high-temperature firing, performing water quenching, and drying to obtain the wear-resistant frit, wherein a temperature curve of the wear-resistant frit during high-temperature firing is as follows:
heating from normal temperature to 500 ℃ for 2 hours;
heating from 500 ℃ to 900 ℃ for 2 hours;
heating from 900 ℃ to 1530 ℃ for 1.5 hours;
preserving heat for 1h at 1530 ℃;
and B, sequentially adding 0.18% of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.45% of sodium tripolyphosphate and 38% of water into the wear-resistant frit, and performing ball milling for 14 hours to obtain the super wear-resistant glazed tile glaze.
Using the super wear-resistant glazed tile glaze in this comparative example, a glazed tile was prepared according to the preparation method of the super wear-resistant glazed tile in example 8, to obtain a comparative glazed tile 2.
Specifically, the mohs hardness, the abrasion resistance and the antifouling grade were tested for the above-prepared polished tiles 1 to 7 and comparative polished tiles 1 to 2 by the following test methods, and the transparency was measured for the ultra abrasion resistant polished tile glazes used in the polished tiles 1 to 7 and comparative polished tiles 1 to 2, and the test results are shown in table 3 below.
1. Mohs hardness measurement: the polished tile samples were placed smoothly on a rigid support with the facing up. Standard ores with different Morse values are selected from small to large to scratch the surface of the sample, the surface of the sample is scratched evenly and vertically by using a new cutting edge of the ore, the moderate force application is noted, and the cutting edge of the standard ore is not broken due to the overlarge force application to form double-line or multi-line scratch marks. The lowest hardness value which just can generate obvious scratches is taken as a test result, and the lowest value in all test values of the sample is taken as a test result.
2. Abrasion resistance measurement: the method of ceramic tile test method section 7 was used in GB/T3810.7-2016: the method for testing the abrasion resistance of the glazed brick surface in the method for testing the abrasion resistance of the glazed surface of the product is used for evaluating the abrasion resistance of the ceramic brick and calculating the abrasion amount per unit area by placing an abrasive medium on the glazed surface and rotating the abrasive medium and comparing the worn sample with an unworn sample.
3. Determination of the antifouling grade: the stain resistance of the tile is measured by a number of kinds including a pasty stain, a stain capable of undergoing oxidation reaction, a stain capable of forming a film, olive oil, etc., and the stain resistance is classified into 1 to 5 grades according to the degree of difficulty in cleaning, and a higher grade indicates a better stain resistance.
4. Transparency is determined by direct solar transmittance: the direct solar transmittance of the building glass is measured by using a measuring method of GB/T2680-94, and the linear solar transmittance of the 1mm pure glaze after tabletting and sintering is measured.
TABLE 3 test results for examples 1-7 and comparative examples 1-2
From the test results of table 3, it is clear that the polished tiles prepared by using the super wear-resistant polished tile glaze of examples 1-7 have high hardness and high wear resistance, the glaze is smooth and bright, the antifouling property is good, the transparency of the super wear-resistant polished tile glaze is high, the mohs hardness of the polished tile is up to 6, the wear resistance is up to 4 (12000 turns), the antifouling grade is up to 5, and the transparency of the super wear-resistant polished tile glaze is up to 28.9%, so that the polished tile is prepared by using the super wear-resistant polished tile glaze, the hardness and wear resistance of the polished tile can be effectively improved, and meanwhile, the color development of the glaze is not affected; from the test results of the comparative glazed brick 1 and the comparative glazed brick 2, it is known that when the raw material composition and the wear-resistant frit are used as the ultra-wear-resistant glazed brick glaze material respectively, the prepared glazed brick also has good hardness and wear resistance, but compared with the glazed bricks of examples 1-7, the hardness and wear resistance are reduced, so that the technical scheme can obviously improve the hardness and wear resistance of the glaze material by compounding the raw material composition and the wear-resistant frit.
The technical principle of the present invention is described above in connection with the specific embodiments. The description is made for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention and should not be taken in any way as limiting the scope of the invention. Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of this specification without undue burden.
Claims (8)
1. The super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze is characterized by comprising a raw material composition and wear-resistant clinker;
according to the mass parts, the raw material composition comprises 6-15 parts of kaolin, 8-15 parts of calcined kaolin, 3-8 parts of corundum powder, 2-8 parts of quartz, 8-15 parts of dolomite, 15-22 parts of calcined talcum, 2-8 parts of zinc oxide, 5-10 parts of strontium carbonate, 5-10 parts of wollastonite, 10-15 parts of potassium feldspar and 30-40 parts of albite;
the raw materials of the wear-resistant frit comprise 20-30 parts of kaolin, 5-10 parts of corundum powder, 5-10 parts of quartz, 1-3 parts of zircon powder, 25-35 parts of calcined talc, 5-10 parts of potassium feldspar, 10-18 parts of calcite, 4-8 parts of zinc oxide, 2-5 parts of borax and 1-5 parts of sodium cryolite;
in the super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze, the mass ratio of the raw material composition to the wear-resistant frit is (5-7): (3-5).
2. The super wear-resistant glazed tile glaze according to claim 1, wherein the fineness of corundum powder in the super wear-resistant glazed tile glaze is 325 meshes;
the fineness of zircon powder in the wear-resistant frit is 325 meshes.
3. The super wear-resistant glazed tile glaze according to claim 1, wherein the raw material composition comprises 8 parts by mass of kaolin, 10 parts by mass of calcined kaolin, 4 parts by mass of corundum powder, 4 parts by mass of quartz, 10 parts by mass of dolomite, 18 parts by mass of calcined talc, 4 parts by mass of zinc oxide, 8 parts by mass of strontium carbonate, 8 parts by mass of wollastonite, 12 parts by mass of potassium feldspar and 34 parts by mass of albite;
the raw materials of the wear-resistant frit comprise 25 parts of kaolin, 6 parts of corundum powder, 7 parts of quartz, 2 parts of zircon powder, 30 parts of calcined talcum, 6 parts of potassium feldspar, 13 parts of calcite, 5 parts of zinc oxide, 3 parts of borax and 3 parts of sodium cryolite.
4. A method for preparing the super wear-resistant glazed tile glaze, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step A, mixing raw materials of the wear-resistant frit according to a proportion, firing at a high temperature, quenching by water, and drying to obtain the wear-resistant frit;
and step B, mixing the wear-resistant frit and the raw material composition, sequentially adding sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium tripolyphosphate and water, and performing ball milling to obtain the super wear-resistant glazed tile glaze.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein in the step a, the temperature profile of the wear-resistant frit subjected to high-temperature firing is as follows:
heating from normal temperature to 500 ℃ for 2 hours;
heating from 500 ℃ to 900 ℃ for 2 hours;
heating from 900 ℃ to 1530 ℃ for 1.5 hours;
the temperature is maintained at 1530℃for 1h.
6. The method for producing a super wear-resistant glazed tile glaze according to claim 4, wherein in the step B, the specific gravity of the super wear-resistant glazed tile glaze is 1.9g/cm 3 The flow rate was 55 seconds and the screen residue through a 325 mesh screen was 0.4%.
7. The super wear-resistant glazed brick is characterized by sequentially comprising a green body layer, a surface glaze layer, an ink-jet layer and a glaze polishing layer from bottom to top, wherein the glaze polishing layer uses the super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze material as claimed in any one of claims 1-3.
8. A method for preparing a super wear-resistant glazed tile, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Performing blank throwing treatment on the surface of the blank;
(2) Spraying overglaze on the surface of the polished blank to obtain an overglaze layer;
(3) Carrying out ink-jet printing on the surface of the overglaze layer to obtain an ink-jet layer;
(4) Spraying super wear-resistant glazed brick glaze on the surface of the ink-jet layer to obtain a glazed layer;
(5) And (3) sintering the green body treated in the step (4), and polishing to obtain the super wear-resistant glazed brick.
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