CN115159850A - Low-cost wear-resistant glazed brick glaze, preparation method thereof and glazed brick - Google Patents
Low-cost wear-resistant glazed brick glaze, preparation method thereof and glazed brick Download PDFInfo
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- CN115159850A CN115159850A CN202211035309.5A CN202211035309A CN115159850A CN 115159850 A CN115159850 A CN 115159850A CN 202211035309 A CN202211035309 A CN 202211035309A CN 115159850 A CN115159850 A CN 115159850A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/02—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/89—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-cost wear-resistant glazed brick glaze and a preparation method thereof, and glazed bricks, and relates to the technical field of building ceramics. The glaze material for the glazed brick comprises, by mass, 6-10 parts of kaolin, 3-6 parts of calcined kaolin, 2-5 parts of quartz, 8-15 parts of dolomite, 6-12 parts of calcined talc, 30-40 parts of potassium feldspar, 10-18 parts of albite, 5-8 parts of barium carbonate and 8-15 parts of wear-resistant frit; the raw materials of the wear-resistant frit comprise 48 to 55 parts of kaolin, 3 to 6 parts of single crystal alumina, 12 to 18 parts of calcined talc, 4 to 10 parts of wollastonite, 18 to 25 parts of potassium feldspar, 3 to 8 parts of potassium nitrate and 1 to 3 parts of sodium hexafluoroaluminate. The low-cost wear-resistant glazed brick glaze material has the advantages of high wear resistance and high transparency, can greatly reduce the cost, and solves the problems of poor transparency and high cost of glazed brick glaze materials caused by the improvement of the wear resistance of the glaze materials in the conventional glazed brick glaze material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of architectural ceramics, in particular to a low-cost wear-resistant glazed brick glaze, a preparation method thereof and a glazed brick.
Background
The ceramic glazed tile integrates the advantages of the ceramic glazed tile and the polished tile, not only has rich pattern images, but also has smooth and bright surface, and is deeply popular with consumers by virtue of rich patterns and clear texture levels of the product in the early stage of appearance. However, some disadvantages of the glazed tile gradually become prominent with the lapse of time, and most prominently, the glaze of the surface crystalline layer is completely damaged after the glazed tile is polished, so that the polished glaze has low hardness and poor wear resistance, and the surface is easy to abrade.
At present, aiming at the problem of poor wear resistance, most manufacturers greatly add crystalline wear-resistant frits into a glaze material of a glazed brick, so that the wear resistance of the glaze material is improved, and meanwhile, as more crystalline wear-resistant frits are added into the glaze material of the glazed brick, the transparency of the glaze material of the glazed brick is influenced, the color of a product is influenced, and therefore, a large amount of zinc oxide is added into the glaze material of the glazed brick to achieve the effects of color boosting and fluxing. Because the preparation process of the crystalline wear-resistant frit can generate a series of processing expenses, the cost of the glaze-polishing brick glaze can be greatly increased by adding the crystalline wear-resistant frit, and meanwhile, the zinc oxide mainly comes from the calcined zinc oxide, so that the cost of calcining the zinc oxide is extremely high, and the production cost of the glaze-polishing brick glaze can be further increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the background art, the invention aims to provide a low-cost wear-resistant glazed brick glaze material, which has high wear resistance and transparency and can greatly reduce the cost, and solves the problems of poor transparency and high cost of glazed brick glaze materials caused by the improvement of the wear resistance of the glaze materials in the conventional glazed brick glaze material.
The invention also aims to provide a glazed brick, which is prepared from the glazed brick glaze and has the characteristics of high hardness, high wear resistance and good antifouling effect.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a low-cost wear-resistant glazed brick glaze material comprises, by mass, 6-10 parts of kaolin, 3-6 parts of calcined kaolin, 2-5 parts of quartz, 8-15 parts of dolomite, 6-12 parts of calcined talc, 30-40 parts of potassium feldspar, 10-18 parts of albite, 5-8 parts of barium carbonate and 8-15 parts of wear-resistant frit;
the wear-resistant frit comprises the following raw materials of 48-55 parts of kaolin, 3-6 parts of single crystal alumina, 12-18 parts of calcined talc, 4-10 parts of wollastonite, 18-25 parts of potassium feldspar, 3-8 parts of potassium nitrate and 1-3 parts of sodium hexafluoroaluminate.
Further, the glaze for the glazed brick comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO 2 2 ：54％～56％、Al 2 O 3 ：15％～17％、CaO：4％～5.5％、MgO：5％～7％、K 2 O：4％～5.5％、Na 2 O:2% -3%, baO: 4-5% and loss on ignition: 9.5% -10.5%;
the wear-resistant frit comprises the following chemical components: siO 2 2 ：50％～52％、Al 2 O 3 ：24％～27％、CaO：3％～4.5％、MgO：4％～7％、K 2 O：5％～6.5％、Na 2 O:0.5% -1.0%, loss on ignition: 8 to 10 percent.
Further, the raw materials of the glaze material for the glazed brick comprise, by mass, 8 parts of kaolin, 4 parts of calcined kaolin, 3 parts of quartz, 11 parts of dolomite, 10 parts of calcined talc, 36 parts of potassium feldspar, 13 parts of albite, 6 parts of barium carbonate and 10 parts of wear-resistant frit.
Further, the raw materials of the wear-resistant frit comprise, by mass, 50 parts of kaolin, 4 parts of single crystal alumina, 15 parts of calcined talc, 6 parts of wollastonite, 19 parts of potassium feldspar, 4 parts of potassium nitrate and 2 parts of sodium hexafluoroaluminate.
Furthermore, in the glaze for the glazed brick, the high-temperature viscosity of the wear-resistant frit at 1150-1200 ℃ is 200-230 Pa.s, and the high-temperature viscosity of the mixture of the rest raw materials of the glaze for the glazed brick at 1150-1200 ℃ is 190-220 Pa.s.
A preparation method of a low-cost wear-resistant glazed brick glaze is used for preparing the low-cost wear-resistant glazed brick glaze and comprises the following steps:
step A, preparing wear-resistant frit: mixing the raw materials of the wear-resistant frit according to the proportion, firing at high temperature, and quenching in water to obtain the wear-resistant frit;
step B, preparation of the glaze of the glazed brick: mixing the wear-resistant frit and other raw materials of the glaze of the glazed brick, adding sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium tripolyphosphate and water, and performing ball milling to obtain the glaze of the glazed brick.
Further, in the step a, the temperature curve of the high-temperature firing of the wear-resistant frit is as follows:
(1) Heating to 500 ℃ from normal temperature, and taking 2h;
(2) Heating from 500 ℃ to 900 ℃ and taking 2h;
(3) Heating from 900 ℃ to 1100 ℃ and consuming 1h;
(4) Heating to 1100 deg.C to 1500 deg.C, and consuming 0.5h;
(5) The temperature is kept at 1500 ℃ for 1h.
A glazed brick comprises a green brick body, and a bottom glaze layer, an ink spraying layer and a glazed layer which are sequentially arranged on the surface of the green brick body from bottom to top, wherein the glazed layer is made of the glazed brick glaze.
The technical scheme has the following beneficial effects: in the glaze of the glazed brick of the technical scheme, the wear-resistant frit with good transparency and excellent wear resistance is uniformly mixed with other raw materials of the glaze, and the wear-resistant frit is clinker, so that the high-temperature viscosity of the wear-resistant frit is higher, and the high-temperature viscosity of other raw materials in the glaze of the glazed brick is lower, so that the cooled wear-resistant frit has more secondary crystallization after the glaze of the glazed brick is melted and vitrified, and the effect of increasing the hardness and wear resistance of a glaze layer is achieved; and a large amount of potassium feldspar and barium carbonate are used in the formula of the glaze material of the glazed brick in the technical scheme, so that the content of potassium and barium in the glaze material of the glazed brick is high, the high potassium and barium can effectively replace the color development effect of zinc oxide, and the fluxing effect is achieved at the same time, therefore, the glaze material of the glazed brick in the technical scheme can achieve the color-boosting and fluxing effects without using zinc oxide, the transparency of the glaze material of the glazed brick is high, and the cost of the glaze material of the glazed brick can be greatly reduced.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments.
A low-cost wear-resistant glazed brick glaze material comprises, by mass, 6-10 parts of kaolin, 3-6 parts of calcined kaolin, 2-5 parts of quartz, 8-15 parts of dolomite, 6-12 parts of calcined talc, 30-40 parts of potassium feldspar, 10-18 parts of albite, 5-8 parts of barium carbonate and 8-15 parts of wear-resistant frit;
the raw materials of the wear-resistant frit comprise 48 to 55 parts of kaolin, 3 to 6 parts of single crystal alumina, 12 to 18 parts of calcined talc, 4 to 10 parts of wollastonite, 18 to 25 parts of potassium feldspar, 3 to 8 parts of potassium nitrate and 1 to 3 parts of sodium hexafluoroaluminate.
The wear-resistant frit has the advantages that the single crystal alumina is added into the formula of the wear-resistant frit, the single crystal alumina has better transparency and higher hardness relative to the polycrystalline alumina, so that the wear-resistant frit has good transparency and better wear resistance, meanwhile, a large amount of kaolin is added into the wear-resistant frit, the cost of the kaolin is lower, meanwhile, the active alumina in the kaolin can be effectively combined with calcium and magnesium in a flux to generate anorthite and cordierite type crystalline frit materials, the wear resistance of the wear-resistant frit is further increased, the content of potassium element in the potassium feldspar in the wear-resistant frit is high, high potassium can replace zinc oxide to play a role in helping color development of glaze, meanwhile, wollastonite in the formula of the wear-resistant frit has the characteristic of strong fluxing, the wear-resistant frit has good transparency and excellent wear resistance through the matching of various raw materials in the formula system, and meanwhile, the raw materials of the wear-resistant frit are common easily available materials, the cost is lower, the industrial application value is high, and the practical value is better.
Further, in the glaze of the glazed brick of the technical scheme, the wear-resistant frit with good transparency and excellent wear resistance is uniformly mixed with other raw materials of the glaze, and the wear-resistant frit is clinker which has high-temperature viscosity and low high-temperature viscosity, so that the cooled wear-resistant frit has more secondary crystallization after the glaze of the glazed brick is melted and vitrified, and the effect of increasing the hardness and wear resistance of a glaze layer is achieved; and a large amount of potassium feldspar and barium carbonate are used in the formula of the glaze material of the glazed brick in the technical scheme, so that the content of potassium and barium in the glaze material of the glazed brick is high, the high potassium and barium can effectively replace the color development effect of zinc oxide, and the fluxing effect is achieved at the same time, therefore, the glaze material of the glazed brick in the technical scheme can achieve the color-boosting and fluxing effects without using zinc oxide, the transparency of the glaze material of the glazed brick is high, and the cost of the glaze material of the glazed brick can be greatly reduced.
Further, the chemical composition of the glaze for polished glazed tiles is as follows according to mass percentage: siO 2 2 ：54％～56％、Al 2 O 3 ：15％～17％、CaO：4％～5.5％、MgO：5％～7％、K 2 O：4％～5.5％、Na 2 O:2% -3%, baO: 4-5% and loss on ignition: 9.5% -10.5%;
the wear-resistant frit comprises the following chemical components: siO 2 2 ：50％～52％、Al 2 O 3 ：24％～27％、CaO：3％～4.5％、MgO：4％～7％、K 2 O：5％～6.5％、Na 2 O:0.5% -1.0%, loss on ignition: 8 to 10 percent.
It is worth explaining that, a large amount of potassium feldspar and barium carbonate are used in the formula of the glaze-polished brick glaze material, so that the content of potassium and barium in the glaze-polished brick glaze material is high, the color development effect of zinc oxide can be effectively replaced by high potassium and high barium, and the fluxing effect is achieved. Meanwhile, the wear-resistant frit in the scheme uses high-potassium and high-silicon components, so that the color development of the glaze-polished tile glaze can be obviously improved, the cost is reduced, and the wear resistance is improved.
Further, the raw materials of the glaze material for the glazed brick comprise, by mass, 8 parts of kaolin, 4 parts of calcined kaolin, 3 parts of quartz, 11 parts of dolomite, 10 parts of calcined talc, 36 parts of potassium feldspar, 13 parts of albite, 6 parts of barium carbonate and 10 parts of wear-resistant frit.
Further, the raw materials of the wear-resistant frit comprise, by mass, 50 parts of kaolin, 4 parts of single crystal alumina, 15 parts of calcined talc, 6 parts of wollastonite, 19 parts of potassium feldspar, 4 parts of potassium nitrate and 2 parts of sodium hexafluoroaluminate.
It is worth to be noted that when the raw materials of the wear-resistant frit comprise 50 parts of kaolin, 4 parts of single crystal alumina, 15 parts of calcined talc, 6 parts of wollastonite, 19 parts of potassium feldspar, 4 parts of potassium nitrate and 2 parts of sodium hexafluoroaluminate, the prepared wear-resistant frit has high transparency and good wear resistance.
Particularly, a large amount of kaolin is added into the wear-resistant frit in the technical scheme, so that the cost of the kaolin is low, and the cost of the wear-resistant frit can be effectively reduced. In the formula, kaolin and single crystal alumina are matched to be used as a framework material; burning talc as the raw material source of cordierite synthetic material Mg; the potassium feldspar is a fluxing material, the potassium feldspar in the formula is the second raw material, the potassium feldspar resource in nature is sufficient, the cost is low, the content of the potassium element in the potassium feldspar is high, and the color development of the glaze can be well helped, and the glaze turns red; sodium hexafluoroaluminate in the formula system is sodium cryolite, has good fluxing effect, and can melt a small amount of single crystal alumina, thereby further improving the transparency of the wear-resistant frit clinker.
Further, in the glaze of the glazed brick, the high-temperature viscosity of the wear-resistant frit at 1150-1200 ℃ is 200-230 Pa.s, and the high-temperature viscosity of the mixture of the rest raw materials of the glaze of the glazed brick at 1150-1200 ℃ is 190-220 Pa.s.
It is worth pointing out that the wear-resistant frit in the scheme plays a role of a nucleating agent in the glaze formula of the glazed brick, the wear-resistant frit is uniformly distributed in the formula structure, and in the formula of the glaze formula of the glazed brick, because the high-temperature viscosity of the wear-resistant frit is obviously higher than that of a raw material, the wear-resistant frit can be crystallized to generate crystals in the sintering process, thereby achieving the effect of increasing the hardness and the wear resistance.
A preparation method of a low-cost wear-resistant glazed brick glaze is used for preparing the low-cost wear-resistant glazed brick glaze and comprises the following steps:
step A, preparing wear-resistant frit: mixing the raw materials of the wear-resistant frit according to the proportion, firing at high temperature, and quenching in water to obtain the wear-resistant frit;
step B, preparation of the glaze of the glazed brick: mixing the wear-resistant frit and other raw materials of the glazed brick glaze, adding sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium tripolyphosphate and water, and performing ball milling to obtain the glazed brick glaze.
In step a, the temperature profile of the high-temperature firing of the wear-resistant frit is as follows:
(1) Heating to 500 ℃ from normal temperature, and consuming 2h;
(2) Heating from 500 ℃ to 900 ℃ and taking 2h;
(3) Heating from 900 ℃ to 1100 ℃ and consuming 1h;
(4) Heating to 1100 deg.C to 1500 deg.C, and consuming 0.5h;
(5) The temperature is kept at 1500 ℃ for 1h.
Specifically, the wear-resistant frit is subjected to heat preservation at 1500 ℃ for 1 hour, the melting point of high-melting-point materials such as single crystal alumina and the like can be effectively reduced under the high-temperature condition, and the transparency of the wear-resistant frit is improved.
A glazed brick comprises a brick blank, and a ground glaze layer, an ink spraying layer and a glazed layer which are sequentially arranged on the surface of the brick blank from bottom to top, wherein the glazed layer is made of glaze.
The technical scheme of the invention is further illustrated by combining specific examples and comparative examples.
Examples 1 to 7
A low-cost wear-resistant glazed brick glaze material comprises, by mass, 6-10 parts of kaolin, 3-6 parts of calcined kaolin, 2-5 parts of quartz, 8-15 parts of dolomite, 6-12 parts of calcined talc, 30-40 parts of potassium feldspar, 10-18 parts of albite, 5-8 parts of barium carbonate and 8-15 parts of wear-resistant frit; the raw materials of the wear-resistant frit comprise 48-55 parts of kaolin, 3-6 parts of single crystal alumina, 12-18 parts of calcined talc, 4-10 parts of wollastonite, 18-25 parts of potassium feldspar, 3-8 parts of potassium nitrate and 1-3 parts of sodium hexafluoroaluminate, specifically, the formula of the low-cost wear-resistant glaze-polished tile glaze in examples 1-7 is shown in the following table 1, and the formula of the wear-resistant frit in examples 1-7 is shown in the following table 2.
TABLE 1 formulation of low-cost abrasion-resistant glaze for glazed tiles in examples 1-7 (unit: parts)
| Examples | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Kaolin clay | 6 | 10 | 8 | 7 | 8 | 7 | 9 |
| Calcined kaolin clay | 5 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 4 | 5 | 3 |
| Quartz | 2 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 4 |
| Dolomite | 10 | 8 | 11 | 12 | 11 | 8 | 15 |
| Burned talcum | 6 | 12 | 10 | 8 | 10 | 6 | 7 |
| Potassium feldspar | 40 | 35 | 36 | 32 | 36 | 40 | 30 |
| Albite | 10 | 12 | 13 | 15 | 13 | 12 | 18 |
| Barium carbonate | 5 | 8 | 6 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 5 |
| Wear-resistant frit | 12 | 8 | 10 | 8 | 10 | 15 | 9 |
TABLE 2 formulation of abrasion resistant frits in examples 1-7 (unit: parts)
| Examples | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Kaolin clay | 51 | 48 | 50 | 52 | 55 | 50 | 53 |
| Single crystal aluminium oxide | 3 | 6 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Burned talcum | 15 | 14 | 15 | 12 | 13 | 15 | 18 |
| Wollastonite | 10 | 9 | 6 | 8 | 6 | 6 | 4 |
| Potassium feldspar | 18 | 20 | 19 | 25 | 22 | 19 | 18 |
| Potassium nitrate | 3 | 8 | 4 | 5 | 7 | 4 | 6 |
| Sodium hexafluoroaluminate | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
Specifically, the glaze for the glazed brick is prepared by the following method according to the formula of the glaze for the glazed brick in table 1 and table 2, wherein the preparation method of the wear-resistant frits in examples 1 to 7 comprises the following steps of mixing the raw materials of the wear-resistant frits according to the proportion, firing at a high temperature, and quenching in water to obtain the wear-resistant frits, wherein the temperature curve of the wear-resistant frits in the high-temperature firing is as follows:
(1) Heating to 500 ℃ from normal temperature, and consuming 2h;
(2) Heating from 500 ℃ to 900 ℃ and consuming 2h;
(3) Heating from 900 ℃ to 1100 ℃ and consuming 1h;
(4) Heating to 1100 deg.C to 1500 deg.C, and consuming 0.5h;
(5) Preserving heat for 1h at 1500 ℃;
after the wear-resistant frit is prepared by the method, the wear-resistant frit and other raw materials of the glazed brick glaze are mixed, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium tripolyphosphate and water are added, and then the mixture is put into a ball mill for ball milling for 12 hours, and the glazed brick glaze is prepared respectively by adopting the conventional preparation method in the field.
Specifically, the glazed tiles prepared in examples 1 to 7 were prepared by the following methods, respectively, to prepare glazed tiles 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, respectively, and the preparation method of the glazed tiles includes the following steps: and (3) applying base coat on the surface of the green brick to obtain a base coat layer, performing ink-jet printing on the surface of the overglaze layer to obtain an ink-jet layer, applying glaze-polished brick glaze on the surface of the ink-jet layer to obtain a glaze-polished layer, and firing to obtain the glaze-polished brick. The above-prepared polished tiles 1 to 7 were tested for mohs hardness, abrasion resistance and anti-fouling rating by the following test methods, and the abrasion resistant frits prepared in examples 1 to 7 were tested for transparency, and the test results are shown in table 3 below.
And (4) performance testing:
1. determination of Mohs hardness: and (4) stably placing the polished tile sample on a hard support with the facing upwards. The surface of a sample is scribed by selecting standard ores with different Mohs values from small to large, the surface of the sample is scribed by uniformly and vertically applying force by using a new ore cutting edge, attention is paid to the moderate application of force, and the cutting edge of the standard ore cannot form double-line or multi-line scribing traces due to excessive crushing of the standard ore. The lowest hardness value which just produces obvious scratches is taken as the test result, and the lowest value of all the test values of the test sample is taken as the test result.
2. And (3) determining the wear resistance: GB/T3810.7-2016, part 7 of the ceramic tile test method: the method for testing the wear resistance of the glazed surface of the glazed tile tests the wear resistance of the glazed surface of the product, and the wear resistance of the ceramic tile is evaluated by placing a grinding medium on the glazed surface and rotating the glazed surface and observing and comparing a worn sample with an unworn sample.
3. And (3) antifouling rating measurement: the staining agent for testing the staining resistance of the ceramic tile comprises a paste staining agent, a staining agent capable of generating an oxidation reaction, a staining agent capable of generating a film, olive oil and the like, wherein the staining resistance is classified into 1-5 grades according to the difficulty of cleaning, and the higher the grade is, the better the staining resistance is.
4. Transparency is determined by direct solar transmittance: the determination method of the direct sunlight transmittance of the building glass GB/T2680-94 is used for determination, 100g of wear-resistant frit, 0.2g of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.2g of carboxymethyl cellulose and 40g of water are mixed and ball-milled into slurry, the slurry is dried and then passes through a 40-mesh screen to obtain frit powder, 20g of frit powder and 10g of blank powder are weighed, the frit powder and the blank powder are pressed into small square bricks at the pressure of 30MPa by using a grinding tool, the small square bricks are dried, and the pure glaze sheet with the thickness of 1mm is processed by a polishing machine after being fired by a kiln and is used for testing.
TABLE 3 test results for examples 1-7
| Test items | Mohs hardness | Degree of wear resistance | Antifouling rating | Transparency |
| Example 1 | Grade 6 | ≧ 4 (6000 rotation) | Grade 5 | 29.8％ |
| Example 2 | Grade 6 | ≧ 4 (6000 rotation) | Grade 5 | 30.3％ |
| Example 3 | Grade 6 | ≧ 4 level (6000 rotation) | Grade 5 | 31.2％ |
| Example 4 | Grade 6 | ≧ 4 (6000 rotation) | Grade 5 | 28.2％ |
| Example 5 | Grade 6 | ≧ 4 (6000 rotation) | Grade 5 | 30.9％ |
| Example 6 | Grade 6 | ≧ 4 level (6000 rotation) | Grade 5 | 29.4％ |
| Example 7 | Grade 6 | ≧ 4 (6000 rotation) | Grade 5 | 27.7％ |
From the test results in table 3, it can be seen that the glazed tiles prepared in examples 1 to 7 all have high hardness and high abrasion resistance, smooth and bright glaze, good antifouling property, and high transparency of the abrasion-resistant frit, the mohs hardness of the glazed tile reaches up to 6, the abrasion resistance reaches up to 4 (6000 r), the antifouling level reaches up to 5, and the transparency of the frit reaches up to 31.2%, so that the technical scheme can obtain the glazed tile glaze with high abrasion resistance and high transparency without using a high-cost zinc oxide raw material and a large amount of abrasion-resistant frit, thereby solving the problem of high production cost of the conventional glazed tile glaze.
The technical principle of the present invention is described above in connection with specific embodiments. The description is made for the purpose of illustrating the principles of the invention and should not be construed in any way as limiting the scope of the invention. Based on the explanations herein, those skilled in the art will be able to conceive of other embodiments of the present invention without inventive step, and these embodiments will fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The low-cost wear-resistant glazed brick glaze material is characterized in that the glazed brick glaze material comprises, by mass, 6-10 parts of kaolin, 3-6 parts of calcined kaolin, 2-5 parts of quartz, 8-15 parts of dolomite, 6-12 parts of calcined talc, 30-40 parts of potassium feldspar, 10-18 parts of albite, 5-8 parts of barium carbonate and 8-15 parts of wear-resistant frit;
the wear-resistant frit comprises the following raw materials of 48-55 parts of kaolin, 3-6 parts of single crystal alumina, 12-18 parts of calcined talc, 4-10 parts of wollastonite, 18-25 parts of potassium feldspar, 3-8 parts of potassium nitrate and 1-3 parts of sodium hexafluoroaluminate.
2. The low-cost wear-resistant glazed brick glaze material according to claim 1, wherein the chemical composition of the glazed brick glaze material is as follows by mass percent: siO 2 2 ：54％～56％、Al 2 O 3 ：15％～17％、CaO：4％～5.5％、MgO：5％～7％、K 2 O：4％～5.5％、Na 2 O:2% -3%, baO: 4-5% and loss on ignition: 9.5% -10.5%;
the wear-resistant frit comprises the following chemical components: siO 2 2 ：50％～52％、Al 2 O 3 ：24％～27％、CaO：3％～4.5％、MgO：4％～7％、K 2 O：5％～6.5％、Na 2 O:0.5% -1.0%, loss on ignition: 8 to 10 percent.
3. The low-cost wear-resistant glazed brick glaze material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the raw materials of the glazed brick glaze material comprise, by mass, 8 parts of kaolin, 4 parts of calcined kaolin, 3 parts of quartz, 11 parts of dolomite, 10 parts of calcined talc, 36 parts of potassium feldspar, 13 parts of albite, 6 parts of barium carbonate and 10 parts of wear-resistant frit.
4. The low-cost wear-resistant glazed brick glaze material as claimed in claim 3, wherein the wear-resistant frit comprises 50 parts by weight of kaolin, 4 parts by weight of single crystal alumina, 15 parts by weight of calcined talc, 6 parts by weight of wollastonite, 19 parts by weight of potassium feldspar, 4 parts by weight of potassium nitrate and 2 parts by weight of sodium hexafluoroaluminate.
5. The low-cost wear-resistant glazed brick glaze of claim 2, wherein in the glazed brick glaze, the wear-resistant frit has a high-temperature viscosity of 200 to 230 Pa-s at 1150 to 1200 ℃, and the mixture of the rest of the glazed brick glaze has a high-temperature viscosity of 190 to 220 Pa-s at 1150 to 1200 ℃.
6. A method for preparing a low-cost wear-resistant glazed brick glaze, which is used for preparing the low-cost wear-resistant glazed brick glaze of any one of claims 1 to 5, and comprises the following steps:
step A, preparing wear-resistant frit: mixing the raw materials of the wear-resistant frit according to the proportion, firing at high temperature, and quenching in water to obtain the wear-resistant frit;
step B, preparation of the glaze of the glazed brick: mixing the wear-resistant frit and other raw materials of the glazed brick glaze, adding sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium tripolyphosphate and water, and performing ball milling to obtain the glazed brick glaze.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein in step A, the temperature profile of the high temperature firing of the wear-resistant frit is as follows:
(1) Heating to 500 ℃ from normal temperature, and taking 2h;
(2) Heating from 500 ℃ to 900 ℃ and taking 2h;
(3) Heating from 900 ℃ to 1100 ℃ and consuming 1h;
(4) Heating to 1100 deg.C to 1500 deg.C, and consuming 0.5h;
(5) The temperature is kept at 1500 ℃ for 1h.
8. A glazed brick is characterized by comprising a brick blank, and a ground glaze layer, an ink spraying layer and a glazed layer which are sequentially arranged on the surface of the brick blank from bottom to top, wherein the glazed layer adopts a glaze material which is the glazed brick glaze material in any one of claims 1-5.
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