CN115368095A - 一种轻质保温隔声自流平砂浆系统及其施工方法 - Google Patents
一种轻质保温隔声自流平砂浆系统及其施工方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种轻质保温隔声自流平砂浆系统及其施工方法，涉及涉及自流平砂浆技术领域。所述轻质保温隔声自流平砂浆系统主要由胶凝材料、分级粒径骨料、填料、消泡剂、保水剂、减水剂、悬浮剂、缓凝剂等混合制备而成，且施工时采用不同液料比添加清水先设置一个基层再进行自流平施工。本发明克服了现有技术的不足，有效提升材料的保温隔音性能，同时通过分次施工减少地面基层浮砂对自流平砂浆层的影响，提升其施工的便捷性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及自流平砂浆技术领域，具体涉及一种轻质保温隔声自流平砂浆系统及其施工方法。
背景技术
自流平砂浆是现在建筑施工常用的地面施工材料，能够针对多种不同地面进行平整施工，有效提升地面的光亮性和耐久性，且由于自流平砂浆一般为现用现拌，在加水拌合后可以直接倾倒施工，后采用刮刀展开，即可获得高平整基面，硬化速度快，二十四小时即可在上行走，或进行后续工程(如铺木地板、金刚板等)，施工快捷、简便是传统人工找平所无法比拟的。
但是由于现在国内建筑原地面大多为混凝土或水泥，其为了节约成本，一般材质并不好，一定程度上存在浮砂现象，一般对于自流平砂浆的施工时，通常会对原地面进行清扫和一定的防水处理，但是这样的处理由于地面本身的浮砂现象容易使得自流平砂浆的施工时内部产生气泡，对地面整体的平整性和美观性造成一定影响，需要多次刮平，以达到光面整洁的效果，同时现有的自流平砂浆系统在实际的保温隔音上也存在一定的缺陷，对于实际建筑施工后居住使用带来一定的困扰。
发明内容
针对现有技术不足，本发明提供一种轻质保温隔声自流平砂浆系统及其施工方法，有效提升材料的保温隔音性能，同时通过分次施工减少地面基层浮砂对自流平砂浆层的影响，提升其施工的便捷性。
为实现以上目的，本发明的技术方案通过以下技术方案予以实现：
一种轻质保温隔声自流平砂浆系统，所述轻质保温隔声自流平砂浆系统由以下重量份的原料制成：胶凝材料20-25份、分级粒径骨料40-60份、填料18-22份、消泡剂0.2-0.3份、保水剂0.1-0.2份、减水剂0.2-0.4份、悬浮剂0.2-0.4份、缓凝剂0.1-0.3份。
优选的，所述胶凝材料为水泥、高强石膏粉、胶粉质量比6∶1∶0.2混合制成。
优选的，所述分级粒径骨料由珍珠岩、石英砂和高强度玻化微珠质量比1∶2∶2混合制成。
优选的，所述分级粒径骨料的粒径范围为：粒径为15-30㎜的颗粒占20％，粒径为3-14㎜的颗粒占70％，粒径为0.1-0.8㎜的颗粒占10％。
优选的，所述填料为重钙粉、粉煤灰、煅烧高岭土质量比4∶1∶1混合制成，且填料过150目筛。
优选的，所述消泡剂为聚醚改性硅，保水剂为纤维素醚类保水剂，减水剂为聚羧酸减水剂，缓凝剂为木质磺酸盐类缓凝剂，悬浮剂为巴斯夫悬浮剂。
一种轻质保温隔声自流平砂浆系统的施工方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)混料：将自流平砂浆的干料进行干混，后将干料与水按照质量比1∶0.8混料制得砂浆A料，将干料与水按照质量比1∶0.6混料制得砂浆B料备用；
(2)对施工基面进行预处理；
(3)基层刷涂：将上述预处理的施工基面采用砂浆B进行刷涂，得基质层；
(4)基质层处理：将基质层表面进行拉毛，后干燥；
(5)自流平操作：将砂浆A料倾倒至干燥后的基质层上，并表面刮平，保证自流平厚度，静候干燥，完成施工。
优选的，所述施工基面预处理的方式为扫除浮灰，清理空鼓和开裂，再洒水处理，并涂覆一层防渗剂。
优选的，所述基质层的厚度为1-2cm。
优选的，所述基质层拉毛的方式为采用3-5cm齿距进行拉毛。
本发明提供一种轻质保温隔声自流平砂浆系统及其施工方法，与现有技术相比优点在于：
(1)本发明采用分级粒径的珍珠岩、石英砂和高强度玻化微珠作为骨料，其中粒径范围分别是15-30㎜、3-14㎜和0.1-0.8㎜，在15-30㎜的粒径中颗粒表面的空隙也较大，能够对胶凝材料进行吸附保证其分散的均匀性，同时大颗粒、中颗粒和小颗粒三个等级的骨料相互混合，颗粒与颗粒间能够形成大小不易的缝隙，并保证颗粒间的孔隙充分暴露，有效降低了温度的传导，提升保温性能，同时有效提升材料的吸音性能，并伴随重钙粉、粉煤灰、煅烧高岭土的混合能够保证施工后表面的平整度，同时采用大颗粒的掺和有效降低整体砂浆的同等体积的质量，达到轻质便捷施工的目的。
(2)本发明施工时采用先将砂浆添加少量的水对地面进行涂覆，由于水量少，干燥块，且有效防止浮砂影响后续施工，同时通过拉毛保证后续自流平施工的底层的稳定性，便于上层刮平施工，并且通过底层涂覆有效对坑洼、裂缝的地面进行初步平整，提升施工的完整性。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面结合本发明实施例对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1：
轻质保温隔声自流平砂浆系统的制备：
1、分级粒径骨料的制备：取1.6kg粒径为15-30㎜的珍珠岩、5.6kg粒径为3-14㎜的珍珠岩、0.8kg粒径为0.1-0.8㎜的珍珠岩、3.2kg粒径为15-30㎜的石英砂、11.2kg粒径为3-14㎜的石英砂、1.6kg粒径为0.1-0.8㎜的石英砂、3.2kg粒径为15-30㎜的高强度玻化微珠、11.2kg粒径为3-14㎜的高强度玻化微珠、1.6kg粒径为0.1-0.8㎜的高强度玻化微珠，混合搅拌均匀，得分级粒径骨料备用；
2、胶凝材料的制备：取16.7kg普通硅酸盐水泥、2.8kg高强石膏粉和0.5kg胶粉混合制得胶凝材料备用；
3、填料制备：将重钙粉、粉煤灰、煅烧高岭土过150目筛后，取12kg重钙粉、3kg粉煤灰、3kg煅烧高岭土混合得填料备用；
4、自流平砂浆干料制备：将上述胶凝材料、分级粒径骨料、填料混合，再加入0.2kg聚醚改性有机硅消泡剂、0.1kg信越甲基纤维素MH300P2、0.2kg减水剂2651F、0.2kg巴斯夫悬浮剂、0.1kg木质磺酸钙，混合搅拌均匀得自流平砂浆。
实施例2：
轻质保温隔声自流平砂浆系统的制备：
1、分级粒径骨料的制备：取2.4kg粒径为15-30㎜的珍珠岩8.4kg粒径为3-14㎜的珍珠岩、1.2kg粒径为0.1-0.8㎜的珍珠岩、4.8kg粒径为15-30㎜的石英砂、16.8kg粒径为3-14㎜的石英砂、16.8kg粒径为0.1-0.8㎜的石英砂、4.8kg粒径为15-30㎜的高强度玻化微珠、16.8kg粒径为3-14㎜的高强度玻化微珠、2.4kg粒径为0.1-0.8㎜的高强度玻化微珠，混合搅拌均匀，得分级粒径骨料备用；
2、胶凝材料的制备：取20.84kg普通硅酸盐水泥、3.47kg高强石膏粉和0.69kg胶粉混合制得胶凝材料备用；
3、填料制备：将重钙粉、粉煤灰、煅烧高岭土过150目筛后，取14.66kg重钙粉、3.67kg粉煤灰、3.67kg煅烧高岭土混合得填料备用；
4、自流平砂浆干料制备：将上述胶凝材料、分级粒径骨料、填料混合，再加入0.3kg聚醚改性有机硅消泡剂、0.2kg信越甲基纤维素MH300P2、0.4kg减水剂2651F、0.4kg巴斯夫悬浮剂、0.3kg木质磺酸钙，混合搅拌均匀得自流平砂浆。
实施例3：
轻质保温隔声自流平砂浆系统的施工：
1、采用上述实施例2制备的自流平砂浆，与水按照料液比1∶0.8和1∶0.6分别制成砂浆A料和砂浆B料；
2、对施工基面去除浮灰，清理空鼓和开裂，再洒水处理，并涂覆一层防渗剂；
3、将上述施工基面采用砂浆B进行刷涂1-2cm，得基质层，并采用3-5cm齿距的工具对基质层上表面进行拉毛，待干燥8h以上后将浆料A搅拌均匀倾倒在基质层上方，初步刮平，确定厚度后仔细刮平，静候干燥，完成施工。
对比例1：
自流平砂浆系统的制备：
1、骨料的制备：取12kg的珍珠岩、24kg的石英砂、24kg的高强度玻化微珠，混合搅拌均匀过150目筛，得骨料备用；
2、胶凝材料的制备：取20.84kg普通硅酸盐水泥、3.47kg高强石膏粉和0.69kg胶粉混合制得胶凝材料备用；
3、填料制备：将重钙粉、粉煤灰、煅烧高岭土过150目筛后，取14.66kg重钙粉、3.67kg粉煤灰、3.67kg煅烧高岭土混合得填料备用；
4、自流平砂浆干料制备：将上述胶凝材料、分级粒径骨料、填料混合，再加入0.3kg聚醚改性有机硅消泡剂、0.2kg信越甲基纤维素MH300P2、0.4kg减水剂2651F、0.4kg巴斯夫悬浮剂、0.3kg木质磺酸钙，混合搅拌均匀得自流平砂浆。
对比例2：
自流平砂浆系统的制备：
1、分级粒径骨料的制备：取2.4kg粒径为15-30㎜的珍珠岩8.4kg粒径为3-14㎜的珍珠岩、1.2kg粒径为0.1-0.8㎜的珍珠岩、4.8kg粒径为15-30㎜的石英砂、16.8kg粒径为3-14㎜的石英砂、16.8kg粒径为0.1-0.8㎜的石英砂、4.8kg粒径为15-30㎜的高强度玻化微珠、16.8kg粒径为3-14㎜的高强度玻化微珠、2.4kg粒径为0.1-0.8㎜的高强度玻化微珠，混合搅拌均匀，得分级粒径骨料备用；
2、胶凝材料的制备：取24.31kg普通硅酸盐水泥和0.69kg胶粉混合制得胶凝材料备用；
3、填料制备：将22kg重钙粉过150目筛得填料备用；
4、自流平砂浆干料制备：将上述胶凝材料、分级粒径骨料、填料混合，再加入0.3kg聚醚改性有机硅消泡剂、0.2kg信越甲基纤维素MH300P2、0.4kg减水剂2651F、0.4kg巴斯夫悬浮剂、0.3kg木质磺酸钙，混合搅拌均匀得自流平砂浆。
检测：
对上述实施例1-2和对比例1-2所制得的自流平砂浆进行性能检测(施工方式按照上述实施例3的方式进行)，结果如下表所示：
由上表可知，本发明所制备的自流平砂浆具有优良的施工性能和机械强度，同时具有良好的保温性能。
需要说明的是，在本文中术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种轻质保温隔声自流平砂浆系统，其特征在于，所述轻质保温隔声自流平砂浆系统由以下重量份的原料制成：胶凝材料20-25份、分级粒径骨料40-60份、填料18-22份、消泡剂0.2-0.3份、保水剂0.1-0.2份、减水剂0.2-0.4份、悬浮剂0.2-0.4份、缓凝剂0.1-0.3份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种轻质保温隔声自流平砂浆系统，其特征在于：所述胶凝材料为水泥、高强石膏粉、胶粉质量比6∶1∶0.2混合制成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种轻质保温隔声自流平砂浆系统，其特征在于：所述分级粒径骨料由珍珠岩、石英砂和高强度玻化微珠质量比1∶2∶2混合制成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种轻质保温隔声自流平砂浆系统，其特征在于，所述分级粒径骨料的粒径范围为：粒径为15-30㎜的颗粒占20％，粒径为3-14㎜的颗粒占70％，粒径为0.1-0.8㎜的颗粒占10％。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种轻质保温隔声自流平砂浆系统，其特征在于：所述填料为重钙粉、粉煤灰、煅烧高岭土质量比4∶1∶1混合制成，且填料过150目筛。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种轻质保温隔声自流平砂浆系统，其特征在于：所述消泡剂为聚醚改性硅，保水剂为纤维素醚类保水剂，减水剂为聚羧酸减水剂，缓凝剂为木质磺酸盐类缓凝剂，悬浮剂为巴斯夫悬浮剂。
7.一种轻质保温隔声自流平砂浆系统的施工方法，其特征在于，所述施工方法包括以下步骤：
(1)混料：将自流平砂浆的干料进行干混，后将干料与水按照质量比1∶0.8混料制得砂浆A料，将干料与水按照质量比1∶0.6混料制得砂浆B料备用；
(2)对施工基面进行预处理；
(3)基层刷涂：将上述预处理的施工基面采用砂浆B进行刷涂，得基质层；
(4)基质层处理：将基质层表面进行拉毛，后干燥；
(5)自流平操作：将砂浆A料倾倒至干燥后的基质层上，并表面刮平，保证自流平厚度，静候干燥，完成施工。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种轻质保温隔声自流平砂浆系统的施工方法，其特征在于：所述施工基面预处理的方式为扫除浮灰，清理空鼓和开裂，再洒水处理，并涂覆一层防渗剂。
9.根据权利要求7所述的一种轻质保温隔声自流平砂浆系统的施工方法，其特征在于：所述基质层的厚度为1-2cm。
10.根据权利要求7所述的一种轻质保温隔声自流平砂浆系统的施工方法，其特征在于：所述基质层拉毛的方式为采用3-5cm齿距进行拉毛。
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