CN115365643A - Method for laser turning of revolving body part - Google Patents
Method for laser turning of revolving body part Download PDFInfo
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- CN115365643A CN115365643A CN202210795731.4A CN202210795731A CN115365643A CN 115365643 A CN115365643 A CN 115365643A CN 202210795731 A CN202210795731 A CN 202210795731A CN 115365643 A CN115365643 A CN 115365643A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000760 Hardened steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- JPNWDVUTVSTKMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt tungsten Chemical compound [Co].[W] JPNWDVUTVSTKMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
- B23K26/0823—Devices involving rotation of the workpiece
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/40—Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved
- B23K26/402—Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved involving non-metallic material, e.g. isolators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a method for turning a revolving body part by laser, which is characterized in that nanosecond laser beams are input into a revolving body and act on a revolving body processing surface to perform rough processing; inputting a picosecond laser beam and a femtosecond laser beam or a combined laser beam formed by a picosecond laser and a femtosecond laser beam into the revolving body, acting on a processing surface of the revolving body, and performing finish machining; the first boundary position of each laser beam is in the radial direction of the revolving body, the second boundary position is in the tangential direction of the revolving body, the radial input laser beam is vertical to the tangential input laser beam, and the positions of the laser beams, which are emitted to the processing surface of the revolving body, comprise the first input boundary position, the second input boundary position and any position in the included angle range between the first boundary position and the second boundary position; the method sets different action modes between laser spots and the surface of a material, selects lasers with different pulse widths, wavelengths and energies to combine and clamp the revolving body part at one time, and performs laser turning forming, and the method has high processing efficiency and high precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser processing, in particular to a method for processing a revolving body part by laser turning.
Background
The turning is mainly a processing method for removing and forming materials aiming at a rotary surface structure. The traditional turning process is that the cutting stress applied by a metal cutting tool is utilized to deform the redundant material layer on the blank or the workpiece into chips, so that the workpiece obtains the specified geometric shape, size and surface quality, and the hardness of the metal cutting tool is required to exceed the hardness of the material of the workpiece; meanwhile, the service life of the cutter can be obviously reduced due to various cutter abrasion modes such as abrasive particle abrasion, bonding abrasion, diffusion abrasion and the like in the processing. For hard material rotary parts such as hardened steel (HRC is more than 60), hard alloy, ceramic, polycrystalline diamond and the like, the traditional turning tool has extremely short service life and even can not be used for machining.
Laser processing is a processing mode for removing materials by utilizing light and heat, has the characteristics of no contact, no processing stress, high precision, high energy and the like, and becomes an important means for processing superhard materials at home and abroad. The laser can be divided into three types of nanosecond laser, picosecond laser and femtosecond laser according to the pulse width, wherein the nanosecond laser has higher processing efficiency, lower processing precision and larger heat affected zone; the picosecond laser and the femtosecond laser have small heat affected zone and high processing precision, but the processing efficiency is low.
At present, laser processing is mainly focused on the application fields of laser welding, laser cutting, laser marking and the like, and the forming processing of the revolving body parts is little. Because the surface structure of the laser turning revolving body is complex, the actual energy density is difficult to control, and the fixity of the laser spot size and the divergence of the laser energy, the laser turning is still rarely regarded in academia and industry.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects, the invention provides a method for processing a revolving body part by laser turning.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is to provide a method for processing a revolving body part by laser turning, which comprises the following steps:
inputting a nanosecond laser beam into the revolving body, and acting on a processing surface of the revolving body to perform rough processing;
inputting a picosecond laser beam and a femtosecond laser beam or a combined laser beam formed by a picosecond laser and a femtosecond laser beam into the revolving body, acting on a processing surface of the revolving body, and performing finish machining;
the first boundary position of the laser beam shot to the processing surface of the revolving body is the radial direction of the revolving body, and the second boundary position is the tangential direction of the revolving body;
two laser beams which are respectively emitted to a laser processing point determined by the revolving body from the first boundary position and the second boundary position are vertical;
the mode of the laser beam irradiating to a laser processing point determined by the revolving body comprises the incidence of a first input boundary position, the incidence of a second input boundary position and the incidence of any position in the included angle range between the first boundary position and the second boundary position;
the included angle between the central line of each laser beam and the plane vertical to the axis of the revolving body is 0-10 degrees;
the method for machining the revolving body part by laser turning comprises the following steps:
s1: cleaning a blank of a standard component, and clamping the blank on a high-speed spindle;
s2: calibrating end face runout and radial runout when a blank of a standard part is clamped;
s3: carrying out part contour forming rough machining by using nanosecond laser;
s4: and performing semi-finishing/fine machining on the contour of the part by using picosecond laser, femtosecond laser or combined laser of picosecond laser and femtosecond laser beam combination, and removing the influence of a heat affected zone on the surface quality in the nanosecond laser machining process.
Furthermore, when the inner round hole of the end face of the revolving body is processed, the laser beam is vertical to the end face.
Further, the blank of the standard component is polycrystalline diamond, cubic boron nitride, ceramic, graphite, hard alloy or hardened steel.
Further, in step S3 or S4, the laser processing method is two-dimensional processing or three-dimensional processing.
Further, in step S3, the nanosecond laser is any one of a YAG laser, a CO2 laser, and a fiber laser, and the wavelength of the light source is any one of infrared, and ultraviolet.
Further, in step S4, the picosecond laser is any one of a YAG laser, a CO2 laser, and a fiber laser, and the wavelength of the light source is any one of infrared, and ultraviolet.
Further, in step S4, the femtosecond laser is any one of a YAG laser, a CO2 laser, and a fiber laser, and the wavelength of the light source is any one of infrared, extra-green, and ultraviolet.
Further, in step S1, the clamping of the standard blank is a one-time clamping.
Further, in step S4, the machining surface is cooled by using an auxiliary gas during the machining process, and the slag on the machining surface is removed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the method for machining the revolving body part by laser turning is provided, the revolving body part is clamped at one time by setting different action modes between laser spots and the surface of a material and selecting lasers with different pulse widths, wavelengths and energies to be combined, the revolving body part is machined and formed by laser turning, the characteristics of high nanosecond efficiency, picosecond accuracy and femtosecond accuracy are fully utilized, and the method is high in machining efficiency and high in accuracy.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a process flow.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a laser applied to a rotating body.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for laser turning a revolving body part comprises the following steps:
inputting a nanosecond laser beam into the revolving body, and acting on a processing surface of the revolving body to perform rough processing;
inputting a picosecond laser beam and a femtosecond laser beam or a combined laser beam formed by a picosecond laser and a femtosecond laser beam into the revolving body, acting on a processing surface of the revolving body, and performing finish machining;
the first boundary position of the laser beam shot to the processing surface of the revolving body is the radial direction of the revolving body, and the second boundary position is the tangential direction of the revolving body;
two laser beams which are respectively emitted to a laser processing point determined by the revolving body from the first boundary position and the second boundary position are vertical;
the mode of the laser beam irradiating to a laser processing point determined by the revolving body comprises the incidence of a first input boundary position, the incidence of a second input boundary position and the incidence of any position in the included angle range between the first boundary position and the second boundary position;
the included angle between the central line of each laser beam and the plane vertical to the axis of the revolving body is 0-10 degrees;
when the inner round hole of the end face of the revolving body is processed, the laser beam is vertical to the end face.
The method for turning the revolved body part by using the laser comprises the following steps of:
s1: cleaning a standard component blank, clamping the standard component blank on a high-speed main shaft, and clamping the standard component blank into one-step clamping;
s2: calibrating end face runout and radial runout of a standard part blank during clamping;
s3: carrying out contour forming rough machining on the part by using nanosecond laser;
s4: and performing semi-finishing/fine machining on the contour of the part by using picosecond laser, femtosecond laser or combined laser of picosecond laser and femtosecond laser beam combination, and removing the influence of a heat affected zone on the surface quality in the nanosecond laser machining process.
As shown in fig. 2, the working principle is as follows: a nanosecond-picosecond-femtosecond combined processing system is adopted, and through different action modes between laser spots and the surface of a revolving body material, a radial laser beam 1 and a tangential laser beam 2 irradiate processing action surfaces 3 with different sizes and shapes on a processing surface of a revolving body 4, so that the laser turning processing of end surfaces, excircles, grooves, conical surfaces, turning parts, inner circles and threads is realized; nanosecond laser is used for part contour forming processing, so that the working efficiency is improved; the picosecond laser or the femtosecond laser is used for fine machining of the part outline, the influence of a heat affected zone on the surface quality in the nanosecond laser machining process is removed, and the dimensional accuracy and form and position tolerance of the machined part are guaranteed.
According to the method, different action modes between laser spots and the surface of a material are set, lasers with different pulse widths, wavelengths and energies are selected to be combined to clamp the revolving body part at one time, laser turning is carried out, the characteristics of high nanosecond efficiency, picosecond accuracy and femtosecond accuracy are fully utilized, and the method is high in processing efficiency and high in accuracy.
The method can process the end face, the excircle, the groove, the conical surface, the inner circle and the thread of the revolving body, and specific processing examples are given below:
machining example 1, end-face laser turning machining, includes the steps of:
s1: cleaning a standard component blank, and clamping the standard component blank on a high-speed spindle, wherein the standard component blank is made of tungsten-cobalt alloy (YG 12);
s2: calibrating end face runout and radial runout of a standard part blank during clamping;
s3: nanosecond laser is radially injected from the revolving body to perform end face forming machining, auxiliary gas is used for cooling in the process, and meanwhile, slag on the machined surface is removed; nanosecond laser parameters: the single pulse energy is 0.33-0.36mJ, the spot diameter is 40-43um, the cutting depth is 0.08mm, the scanning times are 5, and the feed per revolution is 0.005.
In this embodiment, the laser processing in S3 is three-dimensional processing, and the included angle between the laser beam center line and the standard blank axis is 80 °.
In this embodiment, the nanosecond laser used is a fiber laser, and the light source wavelength used is infrared.
The processing mode can ensure that the end surface line roughness Ra is less than or equal to 1um.
Machining example 2, external circle laser turning machining, comprising the steps of:
s1: cleaning a standard component blank, and clamping the standard component blank on a high-speed spindle, wherein the standard component blank is made of tungsten-cobalt alloy (YG 12) and PCD (polycrystalline Diamond) materials;
s2: calibrating end face runout and radial runout of a standard part blank during clamping;
s3: nanosecond laser is radially injected from the revolving body to perform outer circle contour forming machining, auxiliary gas is used for cooling in the process, and meanwhile, slag on the machined surface is removed; nanosecond laser parameters: the single pulse energy is 0.42-0.45mJ, the spot diameter is 40-43um, the cutting depth is 0.08mm, the spindle rotation speed is 4000-6000, the scanning times are 4, and the feed per revolution is 0.01;
s4: performing fine machining on the outline of the part by using picosecond laser or femtosecond laser to inject tangentially from the revolving body, removing the influence of a heat affected zone on the surface quality in the nanosecond laser machining process, further improving the surface quality of the part, and ensuring the dimensional precision and form and position tolerance of the machined part;
picosecond laser parameters: the single pulse energy is 0.05-0.055mJ, the spot diameter is 40-43um, the cutting depth is 0.08mm, the spindle rotating speed is 6000-8000 scanning times is 4, and the feed per revolution is 0.02;
femtosecond laser parameters: the average power is 5W, the repetition frequency is 500KHZ, the spot diameter is 40-43um, the cutting depth is 0.08mm, and the spindle rotating speed is 6000-8000 scanning times are 4;
and S4, combining the picosecond laser and the femtosecond laser into a combined laser beam according to parameters given by the picosecond laser and the femtosecond laser for finish machining.
In this embodiment, the laser processing in S3 and S4 is three-dimensional processing, and the included angle between the laser beam center line and the standard blank axis is 84 °.
In this embodiment, the nanosecond laser used in S3 is a fiber laser, and the wavelength of the light source used is infrared.
In the present embodiment, the picosecond laser used in S4 is a fiber laser, and the wavelength of the light source used is infrared.
The machining mode can ensure that the precision tolerance of the excircle dimension is +/-0.1 um; can ensure that the roughness Ra of the outer circular line is less than or equal to 0.7um and can reach 0.3um at most.
Machining example 3, laser turning of outer ring grooves, comprising the steps of:
s1: cleaning a blank of a standard component, and clamping the blank on a high-speed main shaft; the blank of the standard part is made of tungsten-cobalt alloy material (YG 12), titanium alloy material (TC 4) and hardened steel;
s2: calibrating end face runout and radial runout of a standard part blank during clamping;
s3: nanosecond laser is radially injected from the revolving body to perform groove forming processing, auxiliary gas is used for cooling in the process, and slag on the processed surface is removed; nanosecond laser parameters: the single pulse energy is 0.33-0.36mJ, the spot diameter is 40-43um, the cutting depth is 0.04mm, the main shaft rotating speed is 500-800, the scanning times is 4, and the feed amount per revolution is 0.01;
s4: performing finish machining on the outline of the part by using picosecond laser to inject tangentially from the revolving body, removing the influence of a heat affected zone on the surface quality in the nanosecond laser machining process, further improving the surface quality of the part, and ensuring the dimensional precision and form and position tolerance of the machined part; picosecond laser parameters: the single pulse energy is 0.05-0.055mJ, the spot diameter is 40-43um, the cutting depth is 0.08mm, the spindle rotating speed is 6000-8000 scanning times is 4, and the feed per revolution is 0.01.
In this embodiment, the laser processing in S3 and S4 is three-dimensional processing, and the included angle between the laser beam center line and the standard blank axis is 90 °.
In this embodiment, the nanosecond laser used in S3 is a fiber laser, and the light source wavelength used is infrared.
In the present embodiment, the femtosecond laser used in S4 is a fiber laser, and the wavelength of the light source used is infrared.
The processing mode can ensure that the dimensional precision tolerance of the groove depth and the groove width is +/-0.3 um; can ensure that the surface roughness Ra of the groove bottom is less than or equal to 0.5um and can reach 0.1um at most.
Machining example 4, laser turning of a conical surface, comprising the steps of:
s1: cleaning a blank of a standard component, and clamping the blank on a high-speed spindle; the standard blank is made of tungsten-cobalt alloy material (YG 12) and PCD material;
s2: calibrating end face runout and radial runout of a standard part blank during clamping;
s3: nanosecond laser is radially injected into the groove forming machining from the revolving body, auxiliary gas is used for cooling in the groove forming machining process, and meanwhile, slag on the machined surface is removed; nanosecond laser parameters: the single pulse energy is 0.42-0.45mJ, the spot diameter is 40-43um, the cutting depth is 0.08mm, the spindle rotation speed is 4000-6000, the scanning times are 4, and the feed per revolution is 0.01;
s4: performing finish machining on the outline of the part by using picosecond laser to inject tangentially from the revolving body, removing the influence of a heat affected zone on the surface quality in the nanosecond laser machining process, further improving the surface quality of the part, and ensuring the dimensional precision and form and position tolerance of the machined part; picosecond laser parameters: the single pulse energy is 0.05-0.055mJ, the spot diameter is 40-43um, the cutting depth is 0.08mm, the spindle rotating speed is 6000-8000 scanning times is 4, and the feed per revolution is 0.02.
In this embodiment, the laser processing in S3 and S4 is three-dimensional processing, and the included angle between the laser beam center line and the standard blank axis is 90 °.
In this embodiment, the nanosecond laser used in S3 is a fiber laser, and the wavelength of the light source used is infrared.
In the present embodiment, the femtosecond laser used in S4 is a fiber laser, and the wavelength of the light source used is infrared.
The processing mode can ensure that the roughness Ra of the conical surface line is less than or equal to 0.3um and can reach 0.1um at most.
Processing example 5, end face inner circle laser turning, including the steps of:
s1: cleaning a blank of a standard component, and clamping the blank on a high-speed main shaft; the blank of the standard part is made of tungsten-cobalt alloy material (YG 12) and hardened steel material;
s2: calibrating end face runout and radial runout of a standard part blank during clamping;
s3: nanosecond laser is vertically injected from the end face of the revolving body to perform groove forming processing, auxiliary gas is used for cooling in the process, and slag on the processed surface is removed; nanosecond laser parameters: the single pulse energy is 0.33-0.36mJ, the spot diameter is 40-43um, the cutting depth is 0.05mm, and the scanning times are 11;
s4: picosecond laser is vertically injected from the end face of the revolving body to carry out finish machining on the outline of the part, the influence of a heat affected zone on the surface quality in the nanosecond laser machining process is removed, the surface quality of the part is further improved, and the dimensional accuracy and form and position tolerance of the machined part are ensured; picosecond laser parameters: the single pulse energy is 0.05-0.055mJ, the spot diameter is 40-43um, the cutting depth is 0.05mm, and the scanning frequency is 1.
In this embodiment, the laser processing in S3 and S4 is three-dimensional processing, and the laser beam center line is perpendicular to the standard blank axis.
In this embodiment, the nanosecond laser used in S3 is a fiber laser, and the wavelength of the light source used is infrared.
In the present embodiment, the femtosecond laser used in S4 is a fiber laser, and the wavelength of the light source used is infrared.
The machining mode can ensure that the precision tolerance of the inner circle size is +/-0.7 um.
Machining example 6, external thread laser turning machining, comprising the steps of:
s1: cleaning a blank of a standard component, and clamping the blank on a high-speed spindle; the blank of the standard part is PCD material;
s2: calibrating end face runout and radial runout of a standard part blank during clamping;
s3: using picosecond laser to inject into the revolving body from the tangential direction to perform thread one-step forming processing; picosecond laser parameters: the average power is 15-16W, the spot diameter is 40-43um, and the repetition frequency is 400KHZ; the laser control device is a scanning galvanometer; the light spot walking path is automatically generated through software.
In this embodiment, the laser processing in S3 is three-dimensional processing, and the included angle between the laser beam center line and the standard blank axis is 90 °.
In this embodiment, the nanosecond laser used in S3 is a fiber laser, and the wavelength of the light source used is infrared.
If this patent discloses or refers to parts or structures that are fixedly connected to each other, the fixedly connected parts are understood to be, unless otherwise stated: a detachable fixed connection (for example using bolts or screws) is also understood as: non-detachable fixed connections (e.g. riveting, welding), but of course, fixed connections to each other may also be replaced by one-piece structures (e.g. manufactured integrally using a casting process) (unless it is obviously impossible to use an integral forming process).
In the description of this patent, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the patent, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the patent.
The above-mentioned preferred embodiments, object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for processing a revolving body part by laser turning is characterized in that:
inputting a nanosecond laser beam into the revolving body, and acting on a processing surface of the revolving body to perform rough processing;
inputting a picosecond laser beam, a femtosecond laser beam or a combined laser beam formed by a picosecond laser and a femtosecond laser beam into the revolving body, acting on a processing surface of the revolving body, and performing finish machining;
the first boundary position of the laser beam shot to the processing surface of the revolving body is the radial direction of the revolving body, and the second boundary position is the tangential direction of the revolving body;
two laser beams which are respectively emitted to a laser processing point determined by the revolving body from the first boundary position and the second boundary position are vertical;
the mode of the laser beam irradiating to a laser processing point determined by the revolving body comprises the incidence of a first input boundary position, the incidence of a second input boundary position and the incidence of any position in the included angle range between the first boundary position and the second boundary position;
the included angle between the central line of each laser beam and the plane vertical to the axis of the revolving body is 0-10 degrees.
2. The method for laser turning a solid of revolution component according to claim 1, characterized in that the steps of the machining are as follows:
s1: cleaning a blank of a standard component, and clamping the blank on a high-speed main shaft;
s2: calibrating end face runout and radial runout when a blank of a standard part is clamped;
s3: carrying out contour forming rough machining on the part by using nanosecond laser;
s4: and (3) performing semi-fine/fine machining on the profile of the part by using picosecond laser, femtosecond laser or combined laser of picosecond laser and femtosecond laser beam combination, and removing the influence of a heat affected zone on the surface quality in the nanosecond laser machining process.
3. The method of laser turning a body of revolution component according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: when the inner round hole of the end face of the revolving body is processed, the laser beam is vertical to the end face.
4. The method of laser turning a solid of revolution component of claim 2, characterized in that: the standard component blank is polycrystalline diamond, cubic boron nitride, ceramic, graphite, hard alloy or hardened steel.
5. The method of laser turning a solid of revolution component of claim 2, characterized in that: in step S3 or S4, the laser processing method is two-dimensional processing or three-dimensional processing.
6. The laser turning method for machining a rotary body part according to claim 2, characterized in that: in step S3, the nanosecond laser is any one of a YAG laser, a CO2 laser, and a fiber laser, and the wavelength of the light source is any one of infrared, extra-green, and ultraviolet.
7. The method of laser turning a solid of revolution component of claim 2, characterized in that: in step S4, the picosecond laser is any one of a YAG laser, a CO2 laser, and a fiber laser, and the wavelength of the light source is any one of infrared, extra-green, and ultraviolet.
8. The method of laser turning a solid of revolution component of claim 2, characterized in that: in step S4, the femtosecond laser is any one of a YAG laser, a CO2 laser, and a fiber laser, and the wavelength of the light source is any one of infrared, extra-green, and ultraviolet.
9. The method of laser turning a solid of revolution component of claim 2, characterized in that: in step S1, the clamping of the standard blank is a one-time clamping.
10. The laser turning method for machining a rotary body part according to claim 2, characterized in that: in step S4, the machining surface is cooled by using the auxiliary gas during the machining process, and the slag on the machining surface is removed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210795731.4A CN115365643A (en) | 2022-07-07 | 2022-07-07 | Method for laser turning of revolving body part |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210795731.4A CN115365643A (en) | 2022-07-07 | 2022-07-07 | Method for laser turning of revolving body part |
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| CN115365643A true CN115365643A (en) | 2022-11-22 |
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| CN202210795731.4A Pending CN115365643A (en) | 2022-07-07 | 2022-07-07 | Method for laser turning of revolving body part |
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| CN (1) | CN115365643A (en) |
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- 2022-07-07 CN CN202210795731.4A patent/CN115365643A/en active Pending
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