CN115233212A - Preparation method of ultrahigh-speed laser rapid cladding-waste heat cutting coating - Google Patents
Preparation method of ultrahigh-speed laser rapid cladding-waste heat cutting coating Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115233212A CN115233212A CN202210775003.7A CN202210775003A CN115233212A CN 115233212 A CN115233212 A CN 115233212A CN 202210775003 A CN202210775003 A CN 202210775003A CN 115233212 A CN115233212 A CN 115233212A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cladding
- cutting
- coating
- preparation
- speed laser
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of an ultrahigh-speed laser cladding-waste heat cutting coating, relates to the technical field of integrated processing, and particularly relates to an integrated processing method combining ultrahigh-speed laser cladding and cutting processing. The preparation method of the ultrahigh-speed laser rapid cladding-waste heat cutting coating comprises the following steps: a super-high-speed laser rapid cladding method A and a residual heat cutting coating method B; the ultrahigh-speed laser rapid cladding method A and the residual heat cutting coating method B are carried out simultaneously, the temperature of the cladding layer is designed to be the temperature capable of obtaining good surface quality, namely when the cladding layer has residual heat, the formed cladding layer is cut, the integration of coating preparation and processing is realized on site, the cutting force is reduced, and the surface quality of the cladding layer is improved. The technical scheme of the invention solves the problems that the common cutting in the prior art has large cutting force, serious cutter abrasion and easy generation of cracks and peeling; the laser preheating cutting method needs to build a preheating device to reduce cutting force, and has the problems of high production cost, long period and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a preparation method of an ultrahigh-speed laser cladding-waste heat cutting coating, relates to the technical field of integrated processing, and particularly relates to an integrated processing method combining ultrahigh-speed laser cladding and cutting processing.
Background
Ultra-high speed laser cladding is an advanced surface coating technology. Compared with the conventional surface coating technologies such as electroplating, thermal spraying, various overlaying welding, traditional laser cladding and the like, the ultrahigh-speed laser cladding has absolute advantages in the aspects of efficiency, quality and environment. The coating part prepared by the ultra-high speed laser cladding has excellent service performance and longer service life, so the coating part has wide application prospect in the field of surface treatment of parts with complex working conditions such as metallurgy, transportation, production, manufacturing and the like.
The ultra-high speed laser cladding technology melts the coating powder at a certain height from the substrate material, most energy of laser is used for melting the cladding powder, and a small amount of energy is used for melting the substrate material of the workpiece, so that a metallurgical bonding interface is formed between the melted coating powder and the substrate. Compared with the traditional laser cladding, the ultrahigh-speed laser cladding improves the laser power and the scanning speed, so that the coating powder is more thoroughly melted, the surface roughness is reduced to 10% of that of the traditional laser cladding, and the porosity of the cladding layer is lower than that of the traditional laser cladding, so that the performance of the ultrahigh-speed laser cladding layer is greatly improved. Compared with the electroplating surface coating technology, the ultra-high speed laser cladding technology has good bonding strength, low energy consumption, no chemical reaction and environmental friendliness. Although the deposition rate of the thermal spraying technology is high, the powder utilization rate is only 50%, and in addition, in the existing report, the porosity of the coating is often 1% -2%, so that the corrosion resistance is reduced. The ultra-high-speed laser cladding layer has the advantages of fine structure, no air holes, high bonding strength and capability of avoiding the defects of a thermal spraying technology. Although the surfacing technology can prepare high-quality coatings without defects, the characteristic of high deposition efficiency can induce the structural property transformation and thermal damage of a matrix material along with the input of high energy. Therefore, compared with the traditional coating preparation technology, the ultra-high-speed laser cladding technology has obvious advantages in the aspect of coating preparation.
The presently disclosed ultrahigh-speed laser cladding technology mainly focuses on the improvement of coating performance, such as the patent applied by Jiangsu university (a method for preparing an ultrahigh-speed laser cladding layer by magnetic preheating and stirring assistance, publication number: CN 111041473A) and the patent applied by Harbin engineering university (a method for preparing an amorphous coating by ultrasonic impact-assisted ultrahigh-speed laser cladding, publication number: CN 111286733A) respectively utilize a magnetic field and ultrasonic vibration to effectively improve the compactness and cracks of the coating, however, in the ultrahigh-speed laser cladding, the prepared coating has morphology errors and large roughness due to the overlapping rate between adjacent melting channels. Subsequent machining is typically used to achieve higher surface quality when the coated parts are in assembled relationship. Because the coating has the characteristics of high hardness and abrasion resistance, the traditional subsequent processing method has the problems of large cutting force, serious cutter abrasion, easy generation of cracks, peeling and the like. The heating auxiliary cutting technology is an effective means for processing difficult-to-process materials, preheating workpieces, softening materials, reducing cutting force and improving processing quality. For example, a patent (laser online preheating auxiliary processing method, publication number: CN 112743297A) published by Tianjin university and a patent (laser-modified ultra-precision cutting laser-assisted processing method, publication number: CN 110899981A) published by Harbin industry university can be accurately heated and softened by laser before the material is cut, and high processing quality can be obtained. However, such a laser preheating cutting method and other energy heating auxiliary processing methods are generally performed after the workpiece is prepared, and a complex heating device or a processing cutter needs to be built to realize high-surface-quality processing, so that the production cost is high and the period is long.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, a novel preparation method of the ultrahigh-speed laser quick cladding-waste heat cutting coating is researched and designed, so that the problems in the prior art are very necessary to be overcome.
Disclosure of Invention
The common cutting proposed according to the prior art has the defects of large cutting force, serious tool abrasion and easy generation of cracks and peeling; the laser preheating cutting method has the technical problems that a preheating device needs to be built to reduce cutting force, the production cost is high, the period is long and the like, and the preparation method of the ultrahigh-speed laser quick-cladding-waste heat cutting coating is provided. The invention mainly utilizes the ultrahigh-speed laser rapid cladding method A and the residual heat cutting coating method B to be carried out simultaneously, adjusts the relative distance between the cutting tool and the molten pool, and cuts the formed cladding layer when the cladding layer has residual heat, thereby realizing the integration of coating preparation and processing in situ, reducing the cutting force and improving the surface quality of the cladding layer.
The technical means adopted by the invention are as follows:
the preparation method of the ultrahigh-speed laser quick cladding-waste heat cutting coating comprises the following steps: a super-high-speed laser rapid cladding method A and a residual heat cutting coating method B;
further, the ultra-high speed laser cladding method A comprises the following steps:
a1, cladding preparation: cleaning a workpiece to be clad, fixing the workpiece on a rotary mechanism, and putting dried metal powder into a powder feeding tank;
a2, determining cladding parameters: the power of cladding laser is required to be 500-5000W; the scanning speed is required to be 10-200 m/min; the single-pass cladding width is required to be less than 1.8mm, and the defocusing amount and the diameter of a light spot are adjusted accordingly; the distance of the cladding nozzle moving along the axial direction of the workpiece is required to be more than half of the single-channel cladding width and less than the single-channel cladding width every time the workpiece rotates for one circle; the powder feeding speed is required to enable the powder to absorb about 80% of laser energy, so that the powder cannot be over-sintered while being melted;
a3, planning a cladding path: planning a cladding path according to the shape of the surface to be clad;
a4, laser cladding: preheating the workpiece to 200-400 ℃, wherein the preheating temperature can be selected according to different substrates and coating materials in order to reduce the possibility of coating cracks; moving a cladding nozzle to realize ultra-high speed laser cladding of the surface of the workpiece by adopting the cladding parameters of the step A2 and the cladding path of the step A3;
further, the residual heat removal coating method B includes the steps of:
b1, selecting a processing mode: selecting a cutting tool according to the shape of the cladding surface and the surface quality requirement of the cladding layer;
b2, setting waste heat cutting parameters: setting cutting process parameters in a processing area according to the cutting tool selected in the step B1, wherein the cutting depth is more than 4 mu m; the feeding speed is required to ensure that the coating is cut when residual heat exists; the cutting depth is set to remove surface appearance errors and roughness, can be adjusted according to the surface quality of the initial cladding layer, and can be selected to be greater than one fifth of the thickness of the coating; generating a cutter cutting path according to the cladding path in the step A3;
b3, setting local special parameters: for parts with typical characteristics of chamfers, fillets and dovetail grooves, the axial feed amount of a machining cutter can be adjusted according to the size of the characteristics, the path of the cutter is modified, and precise cutting machining is carried out on special required characteristics after ultra-high-speed laser cladding;
b4, residual heat cutting: according to the technological parameters and the cutter path obtained in the steps B2 and B3, the cladding layer is cut, so that the cladding surface reaches the required surface quality;
further, the ultrahigh-speed laser rapid cladding method A and the residual heat cutting coating method B are carried out simultaneously, the temperature of the cladding layer is designed to be the temperature capable of obtaining good surface quality, namely, when the cladding layer has residual heat, the formed cladding layer is cut, the integration of coating preparation and processing is realized in situ, the cutting force is reduced, and the surface quality of the cladding layer is improved.
Furthermore, the workpiece to be clad is a rotary part with dimensional accuracy and surface quality requirements.
Further, the cleaning method is one of sand blasting, sand paper polishing, grinding wheel polishing, laser cleaning and ultrasonic cleaning, but not limited to the above method.
Further, the swing mechanism includes: horizontal slewing mechanism and vertical slewing mechanism.
Further, the metal powder includes: the alloy powder, the high-entropy alloy powder, the hard alloy powder and the ceramic particle reinforced metal-based material powder which are suitable for laser cladding; simultaneously, the method comprises the following steps: filiform and plate-shaped metal materials can meet the requirement of ultra-high-speed laser cladding of different cladding surface coatings.
Further, the cladding laser includes: solid laser beams and gas laser beams having high power or high brightness heat sources can melt metal materials and metal powders.
Further, the surface to be clad comprises: cylindrical surface, conical surface, rotary end surface and combinations thereof.
Further, the cladding path includes: the straight line shape and the arc curve are adopted, so that the purposes of completely cladding the surface of the workpiece and improving the cladding efficiency are achieved.
Further, the cutting tool includes: turning tools, milling cutters, and grinding wheels;
furthermore, the cutting tool can be used by a plurality of tools simultaneously, when the cutting depth and the feeding greatly affect the quality of the cutting processing surface, the total cutting depth and the feeding are progressively reduced and applied to different cutting tools by using the plurality of cutting tools, and the processing efficiency and the surface quality of parts are improved. For example, when the surface topography error of the cladding layer is large, the cutting depth for removing the topography error at one time is large and affects the surface quality of processing, a plurality of cutting tools can be used, the cutting depth is applied to different tools, the processing quality is improved, and the arrangement of the plurality of tools needs to be noticed, so that the coating layer is cut when residual heat exists.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the preparation method of the ultrahigh-speed laser rapid cladding-waste heat cutting coating does not need to add an additional auxiliary process or heat the cladding coating again, realizes the integration of coating preparation and processing in situ by using ultrahigh-speed cladding waste heat, and improves the quality of the cladding coating;
2. the preparation method of the ultrahigh-speed laser quick cladding-waste heat cutting coating provided by the invention adopts a waste heat cutting coating method, greatly reduces the surface roughness and the morphology error of a cladding layer, reduces the processing difficulty, simplifies the processing technology, improves the processing precision and efficiency, reduces the energy consumption and the like, and has important significance for realizing the high-performance manufacturing of the cladding coating.
In conclusion, the technical scheme of the invention solves the problems that the common cutting in the prior art has large cutting force, serious cutter abrasion and easy generation of cracks and peeling; the laser preheating cutting method needs to build a preheating device to reduce cutting force, and has the problems of high production cost, long period and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. laser beam 2, powder flow 3, material reducing cutter 4, workpiece 5, workpiece cylindrical side surface 6 and workpiece end surface.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus that are known by one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as exemplary only and not as limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the directional terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are used for convenience of description and simplicity of description only, and in the absence of any contrary indication, these directional terms are not intended to indicate and imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention: the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.
For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "over 8230 \ 8230;,"' over 8230;, \8230; upper surface "," above ", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial relationship of one device or feature to another device or feature as shown in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary terms "at 8230; \8230; 'above" may include both orientations "at 8230; \8230;' above 8230; 'at 8230;' below 8230;" above ". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meanings unless otherwise stated, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.
The invention provides a preparation method of an ultrahigh-speed laser rapid cladding-waste heat cutting coating, which comprises the following steps: a super-high-speed laser rapid cladding method A and a residual heat cutting coating method B;
the ultrahigh-speed laser rapid cladding method A comprises the following steps:
a1, cladding preparation: cleaning a workpiece to be clad, fixing the workpiece on a slewing mechanism, and putting dried metal powder into a powder feeding tank;
a2, determining cladding parameters: the power of cladding laser is required to be 500-5000W; the scanning speed is required to be 10-200 m/min; the single-channel cladding width is required to be less than 1.8mm, and the defocusing amount and the spot diameter are adjusted accordingly; the distance of the cladding nozzle moving along the axial direction of the workpiece is required to be more than half of the single-channel cladding width and less than the single-channel cladding width every time the workpiece rotates for one circle; the powder feeding speed is required to enable the powder to absorb about 80% of laser energy, so that the powder cannot be over-sintered while being melted;
a3, planning a cladding path: planning a cladding path according to the shape of the surface to be clad;
a4, laser cladding: preheating the workpiece to 200-400 ℃, wherein the preheating temperature can be selected according to different substrates and coating materials in order to reduce the possibility of coating cracks; moving a cladding nozzle to realize ultra-high speed laser cladding of the surface of the workpiece by adopting the cladding parameters of the step A2 and the cladding path of the step A3;
the residual heat cutting coating method B comprises the following steps:
b1, selecting a processing mode: selecting a cutting tool according to the shape of the cladding surface and the surface quality requirement of the cladding layer;
b2, setting waste heat cutting parameters: setting cutting technological parameters in a machining area according to the cutting tool selected in the step B1, wherein the cutting depth is more than 4 mu m; the feeding speed is required to ensure that the coating is cut when residual heat exists; the cutting depth is set to remove surface appearance errors and roughness, can be adjusted according to the surface quality of the initial cladding layer, and can be selected to be greater than one fifth of the thickness of the coating; generating a cutter cutting path according to the cladding path in the step A3;
b3, setting local special parameters: for parts with typical characteristics of chamfers, fillets and dovetail grooves, the axial feed amount of a machining cutter can be adjusted according to the size of the characteristics, the path of the cutter is modified, and precise cutting machining is carried out on special required characteristics after ultra-high-speed laser cladding;
b4, residual heat cutting: according to the technological parameters and the cutter path obtained in the steps B2 and B3, the cladding layer is cut, so that the cladding surface reaches the required surface quality;
the ultrahigh-speed laser rapid cladding method A and the residual heat cutting coating method B are carried out simultaneously, the temperature of the cladding layer is designed to be the temperature capable of obtaining good surface quality, namely, when the cladding layer has residual heat, the formed cladding layer is cut, the integration of coating preparation and processing is realized in situ, the cutting force is reduced, and the surface quality of the cladding layer is improved.
The workpiece to be clad is a rotary part with the requirements on dimensional accuracy and surface quality.
The cleaning mode is one of sand blasting, sand paper polishing, grinding wheel polishing, laser cleaning and ultrasonic cleaning, but not limited to the above mode.
The swing mechanism comprises: horizontal slewing mechanism and vertical slewing mechanism.
The metal powder includes: the alloy powder, the high-entropy alloy powder, the hard alloy powder and the ceramic particle reinforced metal-based material powder which are suitable for laser cladding; simultaneously, the method comprises the following steps: filiform and plate-shaped metal materials can meet the requirement of ultra-high-speed laser cladding of different cladding surface coatings.
The cladding laser comprises: solid laser beams and gas laser beams having high power or high brightness heat sources can melt metal materials and metal powders.
The surface to be clad comprises: cylindrical surface, conical surface, rotary end surface and the combination of the above surfaces.
The cladding path comprises: the straight line shape and the arc curve are adopted, so that the purposes of completely cladding the surface of the workpiece and improving the cladding efficiency are achieved.
The cutting tool includes: turning tools, milling cutters, and grinding wheels; the cutting tool can be used by a plurality of tools simultaneously, when the cutting depth and the feeding greatly influence the surface quality of cutting processing, the plurality of cutting tools are used, the total cutting depth and the feeding are progressively reduced and applied to different cutting tools, and the processing efficiency and the surface quality of parts are improved. For example, when the surface topography error of the cladding layer is large, the cutting depth for removing the topography error at one time is large and affects the surface quality of processing, a plurality of cutting tools can be used, the cutting depth is applied to different tools, the processing quality is improved, and the arrangement of the plurality of tools needs to be noticed, so that the coating layer is cut when residual heat exists.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a preparation method of an ultrahigh-speed laser rapid cladding-waste heat cutting coating;
the material of the preselected rotary part 4 in the embodiment is H13, the powder used for laser cladding is M2 (powder flow 2), the particle size range is 17-53 μ M, the power of the laser 1 is 2500W, the scanning speed is 100M/min, the lap joint rate is 90%, the separation addition is 8-15 mm, and the thickness of the cladding layer is 100 μ M. The planned cladding path is linear, the workpiece is heated to 80 ℃ along the axial direction of the workpiece and is kept at a constant temperature, the selected cutting machining tool is a grinding wheel 3 or a turning tool, the cutting depth of the grinding wheel is 5-20 mu m, the end face of the part is provided with a chamfer, the chamfer can be machined by using an interpolation method (increasing radial feed), the cutting path is planned according to the cladding path, the radial feed is increased by 5-20 mu m, and the chamfer is machined by performing interpolation on the end face. The grinding wheel and the cladding nozzle are kept relatively static in the axial direction of the workpiece, the adjacent distance between the grinding wheel and the cladding nozzle must ensure that the cladding layer has residual heat, and the preparation of the high-surface-quality cladding layer of the cylindrical surface of the workpiece is finished according to the planned cladding path and the cutting path. This embodiment is the preferred embodiment.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, material and cladding parameters are selected, and residual heat coating cutting parameters are consistent with those of the embodiment, except that the selected residual heat cutting tool is a milling cutter, the planned path is linear, the starting point of cladding is the center of a circle of the end surface of the workpiece, the starting point of cladding deviates from the center of the circle along the radial direction, the selected laser scanning speed is 200m/min, it should be noted that the rotating speed of the embodiment is not a fixed value, and the rotating speed needs to be calculated according to the position of a cladding point. The position of the milling cutter in the figure is not the actual position, and only for describing the structure, the cladding layer needs to be ensured to be processed by the milling cutter when residual heat exists.
Example 3
The material of the rotary part selected in the embodiment is H13, the powder for laser cladding is Stellite6 composite WC particles, due to the characteristic of high melting point of the powder material, the selected laser power is 5000W, the laser scanning speed is 10m/min, the lapping rate is 80%, the defocusing amount is 8mm, the cladding thickness is 100 micrometers, the planned cladding path is linear, the workpiece is heated to 80 ℃ along the axial direction of the workpiece and is kept at a constant temperature, the selected cutting tool is a turning tool, and the cutting depth is 5 micrometers. The cutting path is consistent with the cladding path, and when the coating has residual heat, the coating is cut to finish the preparation of the coating with high surface quality on the surface of the part.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and these modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of an ultrahigh-speed laser quick cladding-waste heat cutting coating is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the preparation method of the ultrahigh-speed laser quick cladding-waste heat cutting coating comprises the following steps: a super-high-speed laser rapid cladding method A and a residual heat cutting coating method B;
the ultrahigh-speed laser rapid cladding method A comprises the following steps:
a1, cladding preparation: cleaning a workpiece to be clad, fixing the workpiece on a slewing mechanism, and putting dried metal powder into a powder feeding tank;
a2, determining cladding parameters: the power of cladding laser is required to be 500-5000W; the scanning speed is required to be 10-200 m/min; the single-channel cladding width is required to be less than 1.8mm, and the defocusing amount and the spot diameter are adjusted accordingly; the distance of the cladding nozzle moving along the axial direction of the workpiece is required to be more than half of the single-channel cladding width and less than the single-channel cladding width every time the workpiece rotates for one circle; the powder feeding speed is required to enable the powder to absorb about 80% of laser energy, so that the powder cannot be over-sintered while being melted;
a3, planning a cladding path: planning a cladding path according to the shape of the surface to be clad;
a4, laser cladding: preheating the workpiece to 200-400 ℃, wherein the preheating temperature can be selected according to different substrates and coating materials in order to reduce the possibility of coating cracks; adopting the cladding parameters of the step A2 and the cladding path of the step A3, and moving a cladding nozzle to realize ultrahigh-speed laser cladding on the surface of the workpiece;
the residual heat cutting coating method B comprises the following steps:
b1, selecting a processing mode: selecting a cutting tool according to the shape of the cladding surface and the surface quality requirement of the cladding layer;
b2, setting waste heat cutting parameters: setting cutting technological parameters in a machining area according to the cutting tool selected in the step B1, wherein the cutting depth is more than 4 mu m; the feeding speed is required to ensure that the coating is cut when residual heat exists; the cutting depth is set to remove surface appearance errors and roughness, can be adjusted according to the surface quality of the initial cladding layer, and can be selected to be greater than one fifth of the thickness of the coating; generating a cutter cutting path according to the cladding path in the step A3;
b3, setting local special parameters: for parts with typical characteristics of chamfers, fillets and dovetail grooves, the axial feed amount of a machining cutter can be adjusted according to the size of the characteristics, the path of the cutter is modified, and precise cutting machining is carried out on special required characteristics after ultra-high-speed laser cladding;
b4, residual heat cutting: according to the technological parameters and the cutter path obtained in the steps B2 and B3, the cladding layer is cut to enable the cladding surface to reach the required surface quality;
the ultrahigh-speed laser rapid cladding method A and the residual heat cutting coating method B are carried out simultaneously, the temperature of the cladding layer is designed to be the temperature capable of obtaining good surface quality, namely, when the cladding layer has residual heat, the formed cladding layer is cut, the integration of coating preparation and processing is realized on site, the cutting force is reduced, and the surface quality of the cladding layer is improved.
2. The preparation method of the ultra-high-speed laser rapid cladding-waste heat cutting coating according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the workpiece to be clad is a rotary part with the requirements on dimensional accuracy and surface quality.
3. The preparation method of the ultra-high-speed laser rapid cladding-waste heat cutting coating according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
the cleaning mode is one of sand blasting, sand paper polishing, grinding wheel polishing, laser cleaning and ultrasonic cleaning, but is not limited to the mode.
4. The preparation method of the ultra-high-speed laser rapid cladding-waste heat cutting coating according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the slewing mechanism comprises: horizontal slewing mechanism and vertical slewing mechanism.
5. The preparation method of the ultra-high-speed laser rapid cladding-waste heat cutting coating according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
the metal powder includes: the alloy powder, the high-entropy alloy powder, the hard alloy powder and the ceramic particle reinforced metal-based material powder which are suitable for laser cladding; simultaneously, the method comprises the following steps: filiform and plate-shaped metal materials can meet the requirement of ultra-high-speed laser cladding of different cladding surface coatings.
6. The preparation method of the ultra-high-speed laser rapid cladding-waste heat cutting coating according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the cladding laser comprises: solid laser beams and gas laser beams having high power or high brightness heat sources can melt metal materials and metal powders.
7. The preparation method of the ultra-high-speed laser rapid cladding-waste heat cutting coating according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the surface to be clad comprises: cylindrical surface, conical surface, rotary end surface and combinations thereof.
8. The preparation method of the ultra-high-speed laser rapid cladding-waste heat cutting coating according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the cladding path comprises: the straight line shape and the arc curve are adopted, so that the purposes of completely cladding the surface of the workpiece and improving the cladding efficiency are achieved.
9. The preparation method of the ultra-high-speed laser rapid cladding-waste heat cutting coating according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
the cutting tool comprises: turning tools, milling cutters, and grinding wheels;
the cutting tool can be used by a plurality of tools simultaneously, when the cutting depth and the feeding greatly influence the surface quality of cutting processing, the plurality of cutting tools are used, the total cutting depth and the feeding are progressively reduced and applied to different cutting tools, and the processing efficiency and the surface quality of parts are improved.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210775003.7A CN115233212A (en) | 2022-07-01 | 2022-07-01 | Preparation method of ultrahigh-speed laser rapid cladding-waste heat cutting coating |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210775003.7A CN115233212A (en) | 2022-07-01 | 2022-07-01 | Preparation method of ultrahigh-speed laser rapid cladding-waste heat cutting coating |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115233212A true CN115233212A (en) | 2022-10-25 |
Family
ID=83670636
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210775003.7A Pending CN115233212A (en) | 2022-07-01 | 2022-07-01 | Preparation method of ultrahigh-speed laser rapid cladding-waste heat cutting coating |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115233212A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117340289A (en) * | 2023-10-09 | 2024-01-05 | 青岛理工大学 | Remanufacturing device and method for laser deposition-ultrasonic vibration cutting coupling |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107779862A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-03-09 | 贵州西南工具(集团)有限公司 | A kind of preparation technology of laser melting coating AlCrN composite coating hard alloy milling cutters |
| CN110899981A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-03-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Laser-modified ultra-precision cutting laser-assisted hard and brittle material processing method |
| US20200199698A1 (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2020-06-25 | Wuhan Hivalue Intelaser Ltd. | Method for reinforcing rail by laser and auxiliary heat source efficient hybrid cladding |
| US20210207251A1 (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2021-07-08 | Beijing National Innovation Institute Of Lightweight Ltd | Iron-based metal powder for ultra-high-speed laser cladding, its preparation method and its application |
| WO2021258566A1 (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2021-12-30 | 浙江工业大学 | Method for preparing anti-cavitation cobalt-based coating based on work-hardening plastic deposition |
-
2022
- 2022-07-01 CN CN202210775003.7A patent/CN115233212A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107779862A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-03-09 | 贵州西南工具(集团)有限公司 | A kind of preparation technology of laser melting coating AlCrN composite coating hard alloy milling cutters |
| US20200199698A1 (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2020-06-25 | Wuhan Hivalue Intelaser Ltd. | Method for reinforcing rail by laser and auxiliary heat source efficient hybrid cladding |
| CN110899981A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-03-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Laser-modified ultra-precision cutting laser-assisted hard and brittle material processing method |
| US20210207251A1 (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2021-07-08 | Beijing National Innovation Institute Of Lightweight Ltd | Iron-based metal powder for ultra-high-speed laser cladding, its preparation method and its application |
| WO2021258566A1 (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2021-12-30 | 浙江工业大学 | Method for preparing anti-cavitation cobalt-based coating based on work-hardening plastic deposition |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘洋: "金属送粉增/减材复合加工零件成形工艺研究", 中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库，工程科技Ⅱ辑, pages 47 - 60 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117340289A (en) * | 2023-10-09 | 2024-01-05 | 青岛理工大学 | Remanufacturing device and method for laser deposition-ultrasonic vibration cutting coupling |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Deng et al. | Dressing methods of superabrasive grinding wheels: a review | |
| EP3209811B1 (en) | Method and apparatus for cladding a surface of an article | |
| CN1071168C (en) | Cutting die and method of forming | |
| US8500518B2 (en) | Method of grinding an indexable insert and grinding wheel for carrying out the grinding method | |
| CA2511699A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for repairing or building up surfaces on a workpiece while the workpiece is mounted on a machine tool | |
| CN107127583A (en) | Ultrasonic cutting is applied to the equipment and processing method in powder feeding formula increase and decrease material composite manufacturing | |
| Axinte et al. | Abrasive waterjet turning—an efficient method to profile and dress grinding wheels | |
| CN108220951A (en) | A kind of ultrahigh speed laser melting coating system | |
| CN104388929A (en) | Method for processing double-beam laser cladding tool | |
| CN111218684B (en) | Method for preparing high-melting-point coating through laser-assisted ultrahigh-speed laser cladding | |
| CN110923700A (en) | Steel surface coating, preparation method and device | |
| Klink et al. | Technology-based assessment of subtractive machining processes for mold manufacture | |
| CN115233212A (en) | Preparation method of ultrahigh-speed laser rapid cladding-waste heat cutting coating | |
| CN106312152A (en) | Method for machining thin-walled components | |
| CN204658567U (en) | A kind of rotating die cutting mould roller of laser melting coating straight forming | |
| CN113770670A (en) | PCD end mill and machining method thereof | |
| US11712755B2 (en) | Method for workpiece processing and cutter manufacturing using a laser | |
| CN115386870A (en) | Processing method for composite magnetic field assisted ultrahigh-speed laser cladding | |
| CN103498148B (en) | A kind of laser cladding method for perforating head surface | |
| CN115261870A (en) | Short-process composite ultra-high-speed laser cladding processing method based on Haokeng technology | |
| CN104760088A (en) | Rotary die-cutting die roller directly formed by laser cladding | |
| CN204604457U (en) | A kind of mould roller of rotating die cutting equipment | |
| CN109866117B (en) | Processing method for preparing structured grinding wheel by secondary cladding process | |
| Atwee et al. | An Overview Study on Laser Technology and Conventional Technology’s Effect on Wood and Sheet Metal Manufacturing for The Furniture Industry | |
| Zhang et al. | Fabrication of polycrystalline diamond micro-milling cutter with different grain sizes by picosecond laser |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |