CN115362855A - Double-sided sunlight greenhouse environment control system and control method - Google Patents

Double-sided sunlight greenhouse environment control system and control method Download PDF

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CN115362855A
CN115362855A CN202211086597.7A CN202211086597A CN115362855A CN 115362855 A CN115362855 A CN 115362855A CN 202211086597 A CN202211086597 A CN 202211086597A CN 115362855 A CN115362855 A CN 115362855A
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greenhouse
value
preset
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CN115362855B (en
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马瑞芹
孙鑫杰
张国祥
马云飞
胡金有
孙明宽
李鑫星
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China Agricultural University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • A01G9/246—Air-conditioning systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D27/00—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00
    • G05D27/02—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00 characterised by the use of electric means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor

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  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to a double-sided sunlight greenhouse environment control system and a control method, and belongs to the technical field of greenhouse environment control systems. At the positive canopy greenhouse, all set up ventilation unit on negative canopy greenhouse and the middle wall body, detect the environmental information in positive canopy greenhouse through environment detection device, the environmental information in negative canopy greenhouse and outdoor weather station detect outdoor environmental information, controlling means controls ventilation unit and dehydrating unit's operating condition, the environment in positive canopy greenhouse and negative canopy greenhouse among the automatic adjustment two-sided sunlight greenhouse, make the environment in positive canopy greenhouse and negative canopy greenhouse be suitable for separately the canopy in crop growth, it is low to have solved among the prior art two-sided greenhouse ventilation efficiency, the energy is difficult to make full use of's defect. The invention provides a comprehensive evaluation index, the control threshold value is further adjusted according to the comprehensive evaluation index by monitoring the data in the whole regulation and control process, the function of self-adaptive control threshold value adjustment is achieved, and the automatic environment adjustment of the double-sided greenhouse is realized.

Description

Double-sided sunlight greenhouse environment control system and control method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of greenhouse environment control systems, in particular to a double-sided sunlight greenhouse environment control system and a control method.
Background
The double-sided sunlight greenhouse (also called as a yin-yang greenhouse) is a double-sided sunlight greenhouse formed by additionally building a back-sun-side greenhouse with the same length through a rear wall on the north side of the traditional single-sided sunlight greenhouse and forming the double-sided sunlight greenhouse together with a sun-side greenhouse and a shade-side greenhouse. The greenhouse with the daylighting surface facing the sun is called a sunny greenhouse, and the greenhouse with the daylighting surface facing the sun is called a shady greenhouse. Due to the difference of the environmental conditions of the greenhouse on the positive side and the negative side, the double-sided sunlight greenhouse can be selectively planted with different types of crops. Different vegetables are planted by utilizing the difference of the environment, the illumination, the gas and other conditions of the two plants, the sunny greenhouse is generally used for planting green vegetables, and the shady greenhouse is generally used for planting fungi.
Ventilation is an important factor affecting the environment in a double-sided solar greenhouse, which has a critical effect on heat exchange in the shade and sun canopy. A certain air flow is formed inside the greenhouse by ventilation, so that sufficient mass heat exchange can be carried out between the environment inside and outside the greenhouse and between crops and the environment, the overhigh temperature in the greenhouse caused by solar radiation is prevented, and the humidity in the greenhouse is kept at a proper level. In a double-sided sunlight greenhouse, the temperature in the sunlight greenhouse is high, hot air is generally gathered above the sunlight greenhouse, while vegetables grown on the ground do not utilize these temperatures, if the ventilation windows can be reasonably arranged in the yin-yang shed and a scientific management system is established, the energy can be fully utilized, and the comprehensive yield of crops can be improved.
According to investigation, the double-sided sunlight greenhouse ventilation has the problems of design to be improved, low mechanization degree, poor environmental control capability and the like in actual production. In the management of the ventilation system at present, most of the countries and abroad are the research of single-sided greenhouses, the research on the overall ventilation scheme of the double-sided greenhouses is less, most of the ventilation schemes of the sunshade and the sunshade are not provided with convection devices, or only partial windows are arranged on the upper part of a common wall body and the side part of the sunshade to ventilate, the opening time of the windows is mostly determined according to the self experience of farmers, and the natural ventilation efficiency is lower, so that the energy of the sunshade and the sunshade cannot be fully utilized, the damp and hot environment of the sunshade and the sunshade cannot be changed in time, and the problems of energy loss, reduced energy utilization rate of crops and lower comprehensive crop benefit are caused.
Therefore, the ventilation devices are reasonably arranged on the shade shed of the sunshade shed and the common wall body, and a scientific ventilation management system is established, so that the development of the double-sided greenhouse is important, on one hand, the improvement of the design of the ventilation openings by horticultural designers is facilitated, the ventilation system in the double-sided greenhouse is improved, a good growing environment is provided for crops in the greenhouse, and the yield and the quality of the crops are improved; on the other hand, the greenhouse is beneficial to optimizing the structural design in the greenhouse and being provided with proper environment control equipment by greenhouse manufacturers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a double-sided sunlight greenhouse environment control system and a double-sided sunlight greenhouse environment control method, so as to overcome the defects that double-sided greenhouses in the prior art are low in ventilation efficiency and difficult to fully utilize energy, and realize automatic environment adjustment of the double-sided greenhouses.
To realize in the above-mentioned object, the present invention, the invention provides the following scheme: a dual-sided solar greenhouse environmental control system, the system comprising: a double-sided solar greenhouse, a first environment detection device a second environment detection device, a first ventilation device the system comprises a second ventilation device, a third ventilation device, a dehumidification device, an outdoor weather station and a control device;
the first environment detection device and the dehumidification device are both arranged in a sunshade greenhouse of the double-sided sunlight greenhouse, the second environment detection device is arranged in a shady greenhouse of the double-sided sunlight greenhouse; the outdoor weather station is arranged outside the double-sided sunlight greenhouse; the first ventilation device is arranged on a sunny greenhouse of the double-sided sunlight greenhouse, the second ventilation device is arranged on a cloudy greenhouse of the double-sided sunlight greenhouse, and the third ventilation device is arranged on a middle wall of the double-sided sunlight greenhouse;
the signal output end of the first environment detection device, the signal output end of the second environment detection device and the signal output end of the outdoor weather station are connected with the signal input end of the control device, and the control end of the first ventilation device, the control end of the second ventilation device, the control end of the third ventilation device and the control end of the dehumidification device are connected with the signal output end of the control device; the control device is used for acquiring the environment information of the sunny greenhouse detected by the first environment detection device, the environment information of the cloudy greenhouse detected by the second environment detection device and the outdoor environment information detected by the outdoor weather station, and generating a control signal according to the environment information of the sunny greenhouse, the environment information of the cloudy greenhouse and the outdoor environment information, and further controlling the working states of the first ventilation device, the second ventilation device, the third ventilation device and the dehumidifying device according to the control signal.
Optionally, a plurality of top windows arranged in sequence are arranged at the top of the sunshade greenhouse, and a plurality of front windows arranged in sequence are arranged at the front part of the sunshade greenhouse; the first ventilation the device comprises: a plurality of first air circulation assemblies and a plurality of second air circulation assemblies; the first air circulation assemblies are respectively arranged in the top windows in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the second air circulation assemblies are respectively arranged in the front windows in a one-to-one correspondence mode;
a plurality of lower windows which are sequentially arranged are arranged at the lower part of the shade greenhouse; the second ventilation device comprises a plurality of third air circulation assemblies; a plurality of third air circulation assemblies are respectively arranged one by one correspondingly arranged in a plurality of lower windows;
a plurality of ventilation windows which are sequentially arranged are arranged at the lower part of the middle wall body; the third ventilation device comprises a plurality of fourth air circulation assemblies; the plurality of fourth air circulation assemblies are respectively arranged in the plurality of ventilation windows in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
each of the first air circulation assemblies, each of the second air circulation assemblies, each of the third air circulation assemblies and each of the fourth air circulation assemblies includes a window opening and closing device and a unidirectional convection device; the control end of the window opening and closing device and the control end of the unidirectional convection device are both connected with the control device, and the control device is used for controlling the opening and closing of the window opening and closing device and the rotating speed of the unidirectional convection device.
Optionally, the first environment detection device and the second environment detection device each include: the device comprises a temperature detection device, a humidity detection device, an oxygen concentration detection device and a carbon dioxide detection device;
a signal output terminal of the temperature detection device, a signal output terminal of the humidity detection device the signal output end of the oxygen concentration detection device and the signal output end of the carbon dioxide detection device are both connected with the signal input end of the control device.
Optionally, the control device includes: a processor and a controller;
the signal output end of the first environment detection device, the signal output end of the second environment detection device and the signal output end of the outdoor weather station are connected with the signal input end of the processor, and the signal output end of the processor is connected with the signal input end of the controller; the processor is used for acquiring the environment information of the sunny greenhouse detected by the first environment detection device, the environment information of the cloudy greenhouse detected by the second environment detection device and the outdoor environment information detected by the outdoor weather station, and generating a control signal according to the environment information of the sunny greenhouse, the environment information of the cloudy greenhouse and the outdoor environment information;
the control end of the first ventilation device, the control end of the second ventilation device, the control end of the third ventilation device and the control end of the dehumidification device are connected with the signal output end of the controller; the controller is used for controlling the working states of the first ventilating device, the second ventilating device, the third ventilating device and the dehumidifying device according to the control signals and automatically adjusting the environment of the greenhouse with the positive shed and the environment of the greenhouse with the negative shed in the double-sided sunlight greenhouse, so that the environment of the greenhouse with the positive shed and the environment of the greenhouse with the negative shed are suitable for the growth of crops in the respective sheds.
A double-sided solar greenhouse environment control method is applied to the double-sided solar greenhouse environment control system, and comprises the following steps:
presetting a first extreme threshold and a second extreme threshold;
when the outdoor environment information detected by the outdoor weather station is greater than or equal to a first extreme threshold value, the control device starts an extreme weather control strategy to control the working states of the first ventilation device, the second ventilation device and the third ventilation device;
if the double-sided sunlight greenhouse environment information after the extreme weather control strategy is started does not meet the comprehensive evaluation index, adjusting a first extreme threshold value, replacing the first extreme threshold value with the adjusted first extreme threshold value, and returning to the step 'when the outdoor environment information detected by the outdoor weather station is greater than or equal to the first extreme threshold value, starting the extreme weather control strategy by a control device to control the working states of a first ventilation device, a second ventilation device and a third ventilation device';
when the outdoor environment information detected by the outdoor weather station is smaller than a second extreme threshold value, the control device starts a normal weather control strategy to control the working states of the first ventilation device, the second ventilation device and the third ventilation device;
and if the double-sided sunlight greenhouse environment information after the normal weather control strategy is started does not meet the comprehensive evaluation index, adjusting the threshold value of the second pole, replacing the threshold value of the second pole with the adjusted threshold value of the second pole, and returning to the step until the outdoor environment information detected by the outdoor weather station is smaller than the threshold value of the second pole, wherein the control device starts the normal weather control strategy to control the working states of the first ventilating device, the second ventilating device and the third ventilating device.
Optionally, when the outdoor environment information detected by the outdoor weather station is greater than or equal to the first extreme threshold, the control device starts an extreme weather control strategy to control the working states of the first ventilation device, the second ventilation device, and the third ventilation device, and specifically includes:
when the outdoor temperature detected by the outdoor weather station is greater than or equal to a first preset extreme temperature value, the weather is judged to be extremely high temperature, the control device controls the window switching devices of the sunshade greenhouse, the middle wall body and the sunshade greenhouse to be all opened, and controls the unidirectional convection devices of the sunshade greenhouse, the middle wall body and the sunshade greenhouse to rotate at high speed;
when the outdoor humidity detected by the outdoor weather station is greater than or equal to a first preset extreme humidity value, the weather is judged to be extreme rainy season, the control device controls the window switch devices of the sunny greenhouse and the cloudy greenhouse to be closed, the window switch device of the middle wall body to be opened, and the unidirectional convection device of the middle wall body is controlled to operate at a medium speed;
when the outdoor wind speed detected by the outdoor weather station is greater than or equal to a first preset extreme wind speed value, the weather is judged to be extreme strong wind weather, the control device controls the opening and closing devices of the front window of the sunny greenhouse, the cloudy greenhouse and the middle wall body to be opened, and controls the unidirectional convection devices of the front window of the sunny greenhouse, the middle wall body and the cloudy greenhouse to operate at low speed.
Optionally, the two-sided sunlight greenhouse environment information after the extreme weather control strategy is started does not meet the comprehensive evaluation index, and then the first extreme threshold is adjusted, which specifically includes:
acquiring double-sided sunlight greenhouse environment information after an extreme weather control strategy is started; the double-sided sunlight greenhouse environment information comprises temperature, oxygen concentration and carbon dioxide concentration; extreme weather includes extreme high temperature weather, extreme rainy season weather and extreme strong wind weather;
using a formula
Figure BDA0003835394600000051
Calculating a correction index of the temperature; in the formula, V x As a correction index for temperature, Q 1 Inlet air quantity, T, for unidirectional convection devices 1 Is the inlet temperature, T 2 Is the outlet temperature, P 1 At standard atmospheric pressure, P 2 Is the local atmospheric pressure,/ 1 、l 2 Respectively the length and width of the window;
using the formula O x ＝S n ×O n Calculating a correction index of the oxygen concentration; in the formula, O x As a correction index for oxygen concentration, S n Is the planting area of n-type crops, O n Is the oxygen emission coefficient per unit area of n types of crops;
using the formula CO x ＝S h ×CO h Calculating a correction index of the carbon dioxide concentration; in the formula, CO x Is twoCorrection index of carbon oxide concentration, S h Is the planting area of the h-type crop, CO h The carbon dioxide emission coefficient of a unit area of the h-type crops;
if the difference value of the correction indexes of the temperature and the temperature after the extreme weather control strategy is started is larger than or equal to a temperature difference value threshold, or the difference value of the correction indexes of the oxygen concentration and the oxygen concentration after the extreme weather control strategy is started is larger than or equal to an oxygen concentration difference value threshold, or the difference value of the correction indexes of the carbon dioxide concentration and the carbon dioxide concentration after the extreme weather control strategy is started is larger than or equal to a carbon dioxide concentration difference value threshold, judging that the double-sided sunlight greenhouse environment information after the extreme weather control strategy is started does not meet the comprehensive evaluation index, and automatically adjusting a first preset extreme temperature value, a first preset extreme humidity value or a first preset extreme wind speed value by the system according to the comprehensive evaluation index.
Optionally, when the outdoor environment information detected by the outdoor weather station is less than the second extreme threshold, the control device starts a normal weather control strategy to control the working states of the first ventilation device, the second ventilation device, and the third ventilation device, which specifically includes:
when the outdoor temperature detected by the outdoor weather station is less than a second preset extreme temperature value, or the outdoor humidity detected by the outdoor weather station is less than a second preset extreme humidity value, or the outdoor wind speed detected by the outdoor weather station is less than a second preset extreme wind speed value, judging as normal weather; the first preset extreme temperature value is greater than the second preset extreme temperature value, the first preset extreme humidity value is greater than the second preset extreme humidity value, and the first preset extreme wind speed value is greater than the second preset extreme wind speed value;
setting a first preset temperature value, a second preset temperature value, a third preset temperature value and a fourth preset temperature value of which the numerical values are reduced in sequence;
when the temperature of the sunshade greenhouse is greater than or equal to a first preset temperature value, the control device controls all window switching devices in the double-sided sunlight greenhouse environment control system to be opened and controls all one-way convection devices to rotate at a high speed;
when the temperature of the greenhouse is reduced to a second preset temperature value, the control device controls all the one-way convection devices to rotate at a medium speed;
when the temperature of the sunny greenhouse drops to a third preset temperature value, the control device controls window opening and closing devices of a top window of the sunny greenhouse, a front window of the sunny greenhouse and a lower window of the cloudy greenhouse to be closed, unidirectional convection devices of the top window of the sunny greenhouse, the front window of the sunny greenhouse and the lower window of the cloudy greenhouse to be stopped, a window opening and closing device of the middle wall body is opened, and the unidirectional convection device of the middle wall body rotates at a low speed;
when the temperature of the sunshade greenhouse is reduced to a fourth preset temperature value, the control device controls the window opening and closing device of the middle wall body to be closed, and the unidirectional convection device of the middle wall body stops rotating.
Optionally, in the process that the temperature of the sunshade greenhouse drops from the third preset temperature value to the fourth preset temperature value, the method further comprises:
setting a first preset humidity value B1, a second preset humidity value B2, a third preset humidity value B3, a fourth preset humidity value B4, a first preset carbon dioxide concentration value Y1, a second preset carbon dioxide concentration value Y2, a third preset carbon dioxide concentration value Y3, a fourth preset carbon dioxide concentration value Y4, a first preset oxygen concentration value X1, a second preset oxygen concentration value X2, a third preset oxygen concentration value X3 and a fourth preset oxygen concentration value X4; b4< B3< B2< B1, Y1< Y2< Y4< Y3, X3< X2= X4< X1;
if H1 is more than or equal to B1, H1 is more than H2, and B3 is less than delta H and less than or equal to B2, the unidirectional convection device of the middle wall body reversely rotates at a medium speed; wherein H1 is the humidity of the sunny greenhouse, and H2 is the humidity of the shady greenhouse;
if H1 is more than or equal to B1, H1 is more than H2, and B4 is less than delta H and less than or equal to B3, the unidirectional convection device of the middle wall body reverses at low speed;
if H1 is less than H2, the control device controls the window switch device of the middle wall body to be closed, and the unidirectional convection device of the middle wall body stops rotating;
if H1 is more than or equal to B1, the control device controls the dehumidifying device to start;
if H1 is less than B1, the control device controls the dehumidification device to be closed, and when the concentration of carbon dioxide in the sunshade greenhouse is less than Y1, the control device controls the window switching device of the sunshade greenhouse top window to be opened, the unidirectional convection device of the sunshade greenhouse top window rotates reversely at a medium speed until the concentration of carbon dioxide in the sunshade greenhouse is greater than Y2, the control device controls the window switching device of the sunshade greenhouse top window to be closed, and the unidirectional convection device of the sunshade greenhouse top window stops rotating;
if H1 is less than B1 and the carbon dioxide concentration of the greenhouse is greater than Y3, the control device controls the window switch device of the middle wall body to be opened, the one-way convection device of the middle wall body rotates at medium speed until the carbon dioxide concentration of the greenhouse is less than Y4, the control device controls the window switch device of the middle wall body to be closed, and controls the one-way convection device of the middle wall body to stop rotating;
if H1 is less than B1 and the oxygen concentration of the sunshade greenhouse is greater than X1, the control device controls the opening and closing device of the window of the middle wall to be opened, the unidirectional convection device of the middle wall rotates at a medium speed until the oxygen concentration of the sunshade greenhouse is less than X2, the control device controls the opening and closing device of the window of the middle wall to be closed, and controls the unidirectional convection device of the middle wall to stop rotating;
if H1 is less than B1 and the oxygen concentration of the greenhouse is less than X3, the control device controls the window switch device of the lower window of the greenhouse to be opened, the one-way convection device of the lower window of the greenhouse to rotate at medium speed until the oxygen concentration of the greenhouse to be greater than X4, the control device controls the window switch device of the lower window of the greenhouse to be closed, and controls the one-way convection device of the lower window of the greenhouse to be stopped.
Optionally, the control device starts a normal weather control strategy to control the working states of the first ventilation device, the second ventilation device and the third ventilation device, and further includes:
if the difference value of the corrected indexes of the temperature and the temperature after each control in the normal weather control strategy is greater than or equal to the temperature difference value threshold, or the difference value of the corrected indexes of the oxygen concentration and the oxygen concentration is greater than or equal to the oxygen concentration difference value threshold, or the difference value of the corrected indexes of the carbon dioxide concentration and the carbon dioxide concentration is greater than or equal to the carbon dioxide concentration difference value threshold, the system automatically adjusts a first preset temperature value, a second preset temperature value, a third preset temperature value, a fourth preset temperature value, a first preset humidity value B1, a second preset humidity value B2, a third preset humidity value B3, a fourth preset humidity value B4, a first preset carbon dioxide concentration value Y1, a second preset carbon dioxide concentration value Y2, a third preset carbon dioxide concentration value Y3, a fourth preset carbon dioxide concentration value Y4, a first preset oxygen concentration value X1, a second preset oxygen concentration value X2, a third preset oxygen concentration value X3 or a fourth preset oxygen concentration value X4 according to the comprehensive evaluation index.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention discloses a double-sided sunlight greenhouse environment control system and a control method, wherein ventilation devices are arranged on a sun greenhouse, a shade greenhouse and a middle wall body, the environment information of the sun greenhouse is detected by a first environment detection device, the environment information of the shade greenhouse is detected by a second environment detection device, the outdoor environment information is detected by an outdoor weather station, and the control device controls the working states of the first ventilation device, the second ventilation device, the third ventilation device and a dehumidification device to automatically adjust the environment of the sun greenhouse and the shade greenhouse in the double-sided sunlight greenhouse, so that the environment of the sun greenhouse and the shade greenhouse is suitable for the growth of crops in the respective greenhouse, and the defects that the ventilation efficiency of the double-sided greenhouse is low and the energy is difficult to fully utilize in the prior art are overcome. The invention provides a comprehensive evaluation index, the control threshold value is further adjusted according to the comprehensive evaluation index by monitoring the data in the whole regulation and control process, the function of self-adaptive control threshold value adjustment is achieved, and the automatic environment adjustment of the double-sided greenhouse is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a double-sided solar greenhouse environment control system provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a double-sided solar greenhouse environment control system provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for controlling the environment of a double-sided solar greenhouse according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a double-sided solar greenhouse environment control method provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a temperature distribution diagram before a thermal cycle window is not opened in the double-sided solar greenhouse environment control system provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a temperature distribution diagram of the double-sided solar greenhouse environmental control system provided by embodiment 2 after opening a thermal cycle window;
fig. 7 is a comparison graph of temperature changes before and after the thermal cycle window is opened by the double-sided solar greenhouse environment control system provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Description of the symbols: 1-sunshade greenhouse, 2-middle wall, 3-sunshade greenhouse, 4-processor, 5-controller, 51-hot air circulation window, 501-automatic shutter, 502-variable frequency fan, 503-first environment detection device, 504-second environment detection device and 505-dehumidification device.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a double-sided sunlight greenhouse environment control system and a double-sided sunlight greenhouse environment control method, so as to overcome the defects that the double-sided greenhouse in the prior art is low in ventilation efficiency and difficult in full utilization of energy, and realize automatic environment adjustment of the double-sided greenhouse.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Example 1
In order to solve the defects of low ventilation efficiency and difficult full utilization of energy of a double-sided greenhouse in the prior art and realize automatic environmental adjustment of the double-sided greenhouse, an embodiment of the invention provides a double-sided solar greenhouse environmental control system, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, comprising: the system comprises a double-sided solar greenhouse, a first environment detection device 503, a second environment detection device 504, a first ventilation device, a second ventilation device, a third ventilation device, a dehumidification device 505, an outdoor weather station and a control device.
The double-sided sunlight greenhouse comprises a sunny greenhouse 1, a middle wall body 2 and a cloudy greenhouse 3. The middle wall body 2 is positioned in the middle of the double-sided sunlight greenhouse and is used for separating the sunshade greenhouse 1 and the sunshade greenhouse 3. The sunny greenhouse 11 is arranged in the sun, vegetables capable of photosynthesis are planted in the sunny greenhouse, and the thin arrow in the figure 1 indicates the sunlight irradiation direction; the shade greenhouse 3 is arranged in a sun-back mode, the interior is planted with mushroom plants. The first environment detection device 503 and the dehumidification device 505 are both arranged in a sunny greenhouse 1 of the double-sided sunlight greenhouse, and the second environment detection device 504 is arranged in a cloudy greenhouse 3 of the double-sided sunlight greenhouse; the outdoor weather station is arranged outside the double-sided sunlight greenhouse; the first ventilation device is arranged on a sunshade greenhouse 1 of the double-sided sunlight greenhouse, the second ventilation device is arranged on a shade greenhouse 3 of the double-sided sunlight greenhouse, the third ventilation device is arranged on the middle wall body 2 of the double-sided sunlight greenhouse. The outdoor weather station is positioned at the south outside the sunshade greenhouse 1.
The signal output end of the first environment detection device 503, the signal output end of the second environment detection device 504 and the signal output end of the outdoor weather station are all connected with the signal input end of the control device, the control end of the first ventilation device, the control end of the second ventilation device, the control end of the third ventilation device and the control end of the dehumidification device 505 are all connected with the signal output end of the control device; the control device is used for acquiring the environment information of the sunny greenhouse 1 detected by the first environment detection device 503, the environment information of the cloudy greenhouse 3 detected by the second environment detection device 504 and the outdoor environment information detected by the outdoor weather station, and generating a control signal according to the environment information of the sunny greenhouse 1, the environment information of the cloudy greenhouse 3 and the outdoor environment information, and further controlling the working states of the first ventilation device, the second ventilation device, the third ventilation device and the dehumidifying device 505 according to the control signal, so that the environments of the sunny greenhouse 1 and the cloudy greenhouse 3 in the double-sided sunlight greenhouse are automatically adjusted, and the environments of the sunny greenhouse 1 and the cloudy greenhouse 3 are suitable for the growth of crops in the respective greenhouse.
The sunshade greenhouse 1, the middle wall 2 and the sunshade greenhouse 3 are all provided with hot air circulation windows 51, the hot air circulation windows 51 of the sunshade greenhouse 1 comprise a top window and a front window, the hot air circulation window 51 of the middle wall 2 refers to a ventilation window, and the hot air circulation window 51 of the sunshade greenhouse 3 refers to a lower window. A top air port (top window) and a front air port (front window) of the sunshade greenhouse 1 are respectively arranged at the top and the front of the sunshade greenhouse 1, wherein the top air port is positioned at the east side of a ridge line, the ridge line is used as a side, the distance from the ridge line is 0.1m, and the maximum distance is not more than 10% of the length of a wall body; the front air inlet is positioned at the bottom of the front roof, the height from the ground is 0.45m, and the maximum value is not more than 10% of the total height of the greenhouse. The ventilation window of the middle wall body 2 is arranged at the lower half part of the middle wall body 2, is linearly arranged along the length direction of the middle wall body 2, has a height of 0.5m from the ground, and has a maximum value not more than 50% of the length of the wall body. The lower window of the greenhouse 3 is arranged at the lower half part of the greenhouse 3, the lower window is arranged in a linear manner along the bottom of the greenhouse 3, the distance from the ground is 0.45m, and the maximum value is not more than 50% of the total height of the greenhouse. The shape of the hot air circulation window 51 is square, the minimum value of the number of the windows is 2, the maximum value is 20, the minimum distance between adjacent windows is 0.5m, and the maximum distance does not exceed 10% of the length of the wall body.
The maximum wind speed V at the hot air circulation window 51 is given by the formula:
Figure BDA0003835394600000111
in the formula, P 1 Is at standard atmospheric pressure, P 2 Is the local atmospheric pressure, T 1 Is the inlet temperature, T 2 Is the outlet temperature, h 1 Length of side of hot air circulating window at two ends, h 2 The side length of the hot air circulation window in the middle.
The first ventilation device includes: a plurality of first air circulation assemblies and a plurality of second air circulation assemblies; the plurality of first air circulation assemblies are respectively arranged in the plurality of top windows in a one-to-one correspondence, and the plurality of second air circulation assemblies are respectively arranged in the plurality of front windows in a one-to-one correspondence. The second ventilation device comprises a plurality of third air circulation assemblies; the plurality of third air circulation assemblies are respectively arranged in the plurality of lower windows in a one-to-one correspondence. The third ventilation device comprises a plurality of a fourth air circulation assembly; the plurality of fourth air circulation assemblies are disposed in the plurality of ventilation windows in a one-to-one correspondence, respectively.
Each of the first air circulation assemblies, each of the second air circulation assemblies, each of the third air circulation assemblies and each of the fourth air circulation assemblies includes a window opening and closing device and a unidirectional convection device; the control end of the window opening and closing device and the control end of the unidirectional convection device are both connected with the control device, and the control device is used for controlling the opening and closing of the window opening and closing device and the rotating speed of the unidirectional convection device. Preferably, the window opening and closing device is an automatic shutter 501, the unidirectional convection device is a variable frequency fan 502, and the automatic shutter 501 and the variable frequency fan 502 work together to realize the air circulation between the sunny greenhouse 1 and the cloudy greenhouse 3 and the outside. The operating speed of the variable frequency fan 502 is proportional to the change in the information received by the processor 4.
The outside of the hot air circulation window 51 is provided with a non-woven fabric baffle for uniformly distributing hot air. The ventilation windows of the sunny greenhouse 1 and the cloudy greenhouse 3 are respectively provided with an insect-proof net.
Illustratively, the first environment detection device 503 and the second environment detection device 504 each include: temperature detection device, humidity detection device, oxygen concentration detection device and carbon dioxide detection device. The signal output end of the temperature detection device, the signal output end of the humidity detection device, the signal output end of the oxygen concentration detection device and the signal output end of the carbon dioxide detection device are connected with the signal input end of the control device.
Referring to fig. 1, the control device includes: a processor 4 and a controller 5. The signal output end of the first environment detection device 503, the signal output end of the second environment detection device 504 and the signal output end of the outdoor weather station are all connected with the signal input end of the processor 4, and the signal output end of the processor 4 is connected with the signal input end of the controller 5. The processor 4 is configured to obtain the environment information of the sunny-shed greenhouse 1 detected by the first environment detecting device 503, the environment information of the cloudy-shed greenhouse 3 detected by the second environment detecting device 504, and the outdoor environment information detected by the outdoor weather station, and generate a control signal according to the environment information of the sunny-shed greenhouse 1, the environment information of the cloudy-shed greenhouse 3, and the outdoor environment information. The control end of the first ventilation device, the control end of the second ventilation device, the control end of the third ventilation device and the control end of the dehumidification device 505 are all connected with the signal output end of the controller 5. The controller 5 is used for controlling the working states of the first ventilation device, the second ventilation device, the third ventilation device and the dehumidification device 505 according to the control signals, and automatically adjusting the environments of the greenhouse 1 and the greenhouse 3 in the double-sided sunlight greenhouse, so that the environments of the greenhouse 1 and the greenhouse 3 are suitable for the growth of crops in the respective greenhouse.
The control device is provided with a normal weather control system, and the specific working principle of the normal weather control system is as follows:
the control device is provided with a first preset temperature value A1, the temperature detected by the first temperature detection device (the temperature detection device in the sunshade greenhouse 1) is recorded as T1, the temperature detected by the second temperature detection device (the temperature detection device in the sunshade greenhouse 3) is recorded as T2, the processor 4 judges that T1 is greater than A1, the processor 4 transmits signals to the controller 5, the controller 5 controls the top air port of the sunshade greenhouse 1, the front air port of the sunshade greenhouse 1, the ventilation window of the middle wall body 2 and the ventilation window (the lower window) of the sunshade greenhouse 3 to be opened, controls the fan of the sunshade greenhouse 1 to rotate at a high speed, the fan of the middle wall body 2 to rotate at a high speed and the fan of the sunshade greenhouse 3 to rotate at a high speed, ventilates to the sunshade greenhouse 1 from the outside, ventilates to the sunshade greenhouse 3 from the sunshade greenhouse 1, and ventilates to the outside from the sunshade greenhouse 3.
The control device is provided with a second preset temperature value A2, the processor 4 judges that T1 is less than A2, the processor 4 transmits signals to the controller 5, and the controller 5 controls the fan of the sunshade greenhouse 1 to rotate at a medium speed, the fan of the middle wall 2 to rotate at a medium speed and the fan of the sunshade greenhouse 3 to rotate at a medium speed.
The control device is provided with a second preset temperature value A3, the processor 4 judges that T1 is less than A3, the processor 4 transmits a signal to the controller 5, the controller 5 controls the ventilation window of the greenhouse 1 with the sunny shed to be closed, the fan of the greenhouse 1 with the sunny shed to stop rotating, the ventilation window of the greenhouse 3 with the cloudy shed to be closed, the fan of the greenhouse 3 with the cloudy shed to stop rotating, and the fan of the middle wall body 2 rotates at a low speed.
The control device is provided with a second preset temperature value A4, the processor 4 judges that T1 is smaller than A4, the processor 4 transmits a signal to the controller 5, the controller 5 controls the ventilation window of the middle wall body 2 to be closed, and the fan of the middle wall body 2 stops rotating.
The control device is provided with a first preset humidity value B1, a second preset humidity value B2, a third preset humidity value B3 and a fourth preset humidity value B4, the humidity detected by the first humidity detection unit (the humidity detection device in the sunny greenhouse 1) is recorded as H1, the humidity detected by the second humidity detection unit (the humidity detection device in the shady greenhouse 3) is recorded as H2, and the absolute value of the difference value between H1 and H2 is recorded as delta H. When processor 4 determines that A4 < T1 < A3 and H1> H2: at this time, when H1 is more than B1 and DeltaH is more than B2, the controller 5 controls the opening of the ventilation window of the middle wall body 2, the fan of the middle wall body 2 rotates reversely at a high speed, and the ventilation is carried out from the shade greenhouse 3 to the sunshade greenhouse 1; in addition, when H1 is more than B1 and B3 is less than delta H and less than B2, the fan rotates reversely at medium speed; when H1 is greater than B1 and B4 is less than delta H and less than B3, the fan rotates reversely at low speed.
When the processor 4 judges that A4 is more than T1 and less than A3 and H1 is more than H2, the controller 5 controls the ventilation window of the middle wall body 2 to be closed and controls the fan to be closed: at this time, when H1> B1, the controller 5 controls the starting of the dehumidifying device 505; when H1< B1, the controller 5 controls the dehumidifier 505 to be turned off.
The control device is provided with a first preset O 2 Concentration value X1, second predetermined O 2 Concentration value X2, third predetermined O 2 Concentration value X3, fourth predetermined O 2 Concentration value X4, first predetermined CO 2 Concentration value Y1, second predetermined CO 2 Concentration value Y2, third predetermined CO 2 Concentration value Y3, fourth predetermined CO 2 Concentration value Y4, first O 2 Concentration detection unit (oxygen concentration in greenhouse 1)Degree detecting device) detected O 2 The concentration is recorded as O1, second O 2 O detected by a concentration detecting unit (oxygen concentration detecting means in the shaded greenhouse 3) 2 The concentration is recorded as O2, first CO 2 CO detected by the concentration detection unit 2 The concentration is recorded as CO1, second CO 2 CO detected by the concentration detection unit 2 The concentration is reported as CO2.
When processor 4 determines that A4 < T1 < A3 and H1< B1: at the moment, if CO1 is less than Y1, the controller 5 controls a ventilation window of a top air opening of the sunshade to be opened, a fan rotates reversely at a medium speed, and ventilation is carried out on the sunshade greenhouse 1 from the outside; if the CO1 is more than Y2, the controller 5 controls the ventilation window of the top air port of the sunshade to be closed and controls the fan to stop rotating.
When processor 4 determines that A4 < T1 < A3 and H1< B1: at the moment, if O1 is larger than X1, the controller 5 controls the ventilation window of the middle wall body 2 to be opened, and the fan rotates at a medium speed to ventilate from the sunny greenhouse 1 to the cloudy greenhouse 3; if O1 is less than X2, the controller 5 controls the ventilation window of the middle wall body 2 to be closed and controls the fan to stop rotating.
When the processor 4 judges that O2 is less than X3, the controller 5 controls the ventilation window of the cloudy shed to be opened, the fan rotates at a medium speed, and the greenhouse 3 in the cloudy shed is ventilated from the outside; and when the processor 4 judges that O2 is more than X4, the controller 5 controls the closing of the ventilation window of the awning and controls the stop of the fan.
When the processor 4 judges that CO2 is more than Y3, the controller 5 controls the ventilation window of the middle wall body 2 to be opened, the fan rotates at a medium speed, and the ventilation is carried out from the shade greenhouse 3 to the sunshade greenhouse 1; and when the processor 4 judges that CO2 is less than Y4, the controller 5 controls the ventilation window of the middle wall body 2 to be closed and controls the fan to stop rotating.
Controlling means is equipped with extreme weather control system, and extreme weather control system's concrete theory of operation does:
the control device is provided with a first preset extreme temperature value C1, a second preset extreme temperature value C2, a first preset extreme humidity value C3, a second preset extreme humidity value C4, a first preset extreme wind speed value C5 and a second preset extreme wind speed value C6. The initial value of the extreme threshold value can be set according to the data displayed and summarized by the outdoor weather station in different regions and different seasons, and then further dynamically adjusted according to the comprehensive evaluation index. The outdoor weather station can continuously collect outdoor environment information, and the control system compares data summarized by measurement with a preset extreme threshold initial value by continuously or periodically measuring the controlled quantity. The system divides a coupling calculation interval and a state evaluation matrix according to the monitored data through analysis and judgment, verifies a correction index evaluation result based on a basic index, and obtains a comprehensive evaluation conclusion.
When the outdoor highest temperature detected by the outdoor weather station reaches C1, the processor 4 judges that the weather is extremely high temperature, the processor 4 transmits a signal to the controller 5, the controller 5 controls ventilation windows of the sun-shed greenhouse 1, the middle wall body 2 and the shade-shed greenhouse 3 to be all opened, controls fans of the sun-shed greenhouse 1, the middle wall body 2 and the sun-shed greenhouse 1 to continuously rotate at high speed, ventilates from the outside to the sun-shed greenhouse 1 through a front air port of the sun-shed greenhouse 1, ventilates to the outside through a top air port of the sun-shed greenhouse 1, and ventilates from the sun-shed greenhouse 1 to the sun-shed greenhouse 1 and from the shade-shed greenhouse 3 to the outside through ventilation ports of the middle wall body 2 and the shade-shed greenhouse 3; when the outdoor weather station detects that the outside temperature is reduced to C2, the processor 4 judges that the weather is normal, the processor 4 transmits a signal to the controller 5, and the normal weather control system is started.
When the outdoor weather station detects that the outdoor maximum humidity reaches C3, the processor 4 judges weather in an extreme rainy season, the processor 4 transmits a signal to the controller 5, the controller 5 controls ventilation windows of the sunny greenhouse 1 and the cloudy greenhouse 3 to be closed, controls a ventilation window of the middle wall body 2 to be opened, controls a fan of the middle wall body 2 to operate at a medium speed, and ventilates from the sunny greenhouse 1 to the cloudy greenhouse 3; when the outdoor weather station detects that the outside humidity drops to C4, the processor 4 judges that the weather is normal, the processor 4 transmits a signal to the controller 5, and the normal weather control system is started.
When the outdoor weather station detects that the outdoor maximum wind speed reaches C5, the processor 4 judges weather with extreme strong wind, the processor 4 transmits signals to the controller 5, the controller 5 controls the front wind port of the sun-shed greenhouse 1, the ventilation windows of the sun-shed greenhouse 3 and the middle wall body 2 to be opened, controls the fans of the front wind port, the middle wall body 2 and the sun-shed greenhouse 3 to run at low speed, ventilates from the outside to the sun-shed greenhouse 1 through the front wind port and the top wind port of the sun-shed greenhouse 1, and ventilates from the sun-shed greenhouse 1 to the sun-shed greenhouse 3 and from the sun-shed greenhouse 3 to the outside through the ventilation ports of the middle wall body 2 and the sun-shed greenhouse 3; when the outdoor weather station detects that the outside wind speed is reduced to C6, the processor 4 judges that the weather is normal, the processor 4 transmits a signal to the controller 5, and the normal weather control system is started.
According to the double-sided solar greenhouse environment control system provided by the invention, the hot air circulation windows 51 are respectively arranged on the sun shed, the shade shed and the middle wall body 2, and the operation of the window switch device and the fan is regulated and controlled by the intelligent control system, so that the humid and hot air on the upper surface inside the sun shed is transferred to the shade shed and the outdoor, a good growing environment is provided for vegetables in the sun shed and fungus crops in the shade shed, and the crop yield is effectively improved; meanwhile, the self-adaptive adjustment of the control threshold value and the intellectualization of the control system are realized through comprehensive evaluation indexes, the consumption of energy and human resources is greatly reduced, the economic benefit of the greenhouse is effectively improved, and the intelligent trend under the energy-saving background is met.
Example 2
The embodiment of the invention provides a double-sided sunlight greenhouse environment control method, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the method is applied to a double-sided sunlight greenhouse environment control system of the embodiment 1, and the method comprises the following steps:
step S1, a first extreme threshold and a second extreme threshold are preset.
And S12, when the outdoor environment information detected by the outdoor weather station is greater than or equal to a first extreme threshold value, the control device starts an extreme weather control strategy to control the working states of the first ventilation device, the second ventilation device and the third ventilation device.
Exemplary, extreme weather control strategies are:
when the outdoor temperature detected by the outdoor weather station is greater than or equal to a first preset extreme temperature value, the weather is judged to be extreme high temperature weather, the control device controls the window switching devices of the sunshade greenhouse 1, the middle wall body 2 and the sunshade greenhouse 3 to be all opened, and controls the unidirectional convection devices of the sunshade greenhouse 1, the middle wall body 2 and the sunshade greenhouse 1 to rotate at high speed.
When the outdoor humidity detected by the outdoor weather station is greater than or equal to a first preset extreme humidity value, the weather is judged to be extreme rainy season, the control device controls the window switch devices of the sunshade greenhouse 1 and the sunshade greenhouse 3 to be closed, the window switch device of the middle wall body 2 to be opened, and the unidirectional convection device of the middle wall body 2 is controlled to operate at a medium speed.
When the outdoor wind speed detected by the outdoor weather station is greater than or equal to a first preset extreme wind speed value, the weather is judged to be extreme strong wind, the control device controls the opening and closing devices of the front window of the sunny greenhouse 1, the shady greenhouse 3 and the middle wall body 2 to be opened, and controls the unidirectional convection devices of the front window of the sunny greenhouse 1, the middle wall body 2 and the shady greenhouse 3 to run at a low speed.
And S3, if the double-sided sunlight greenhouse environment information after the extreme weather control strategy is started does not meet the comprehensive evaluation index, adjusting a first extreme threshold value, replacing the first extreme threshold value with the adjusted first extreme threshold value, and returning to the step, namely when the outdoor environment information detected by the outdoor weather station is greater than or equal to the first extreme threshold value, starting the extreme weather control strategy by the control device to control the working states of the first ventilating device, the second ventilating device and the third ventilating device.
In one example, the process of determining whether the first extreme threshold needs to be adjusted is:
acquiring double-sided sunlight greenhouse environment information after an extreme weather control strategy is started; the double-sided sunlight greenhouse environment information comprises temperature, oxygen concentration and carbon dioxide concentration; extreme weather includes extreme high temperature weather, extreme rainy season weather and extreme strong wind weather;
using formulas
Figure BDA0003835394600000161
Calculating a correction index of the temperature; in the formula, V x As a correction index of temperature, Q 1 Inlet air quantity, T, for unidirectional convection devices 1 Is the inlet temperature, T 2 Is the outlet temperature, P 1 Is at standard atmospheric pressure, P 2 Is the pressure of the local atmosphere,l 1 、l 2 the length and the width of the window are respectively;
using the formula O x ＝S n ×O n Calculating a correction index of the oxygen concentration; in the formula, O x As a correction index for oxygen concentration, S n Is the planting area of n-type crops, O n Is the oxygen emission coefficient per unit area of n types of crops;
using the formula CO x ＝S h ×CO h Calculating a correction index of the concentration of the carbon dioxide; in the formula, CO x As a correction index for the carbon dioxide concentration, S h Is the planting area of the h-type crop, CO h The carbon dioxide emission coefficient of a unit area of h-type crops;
if the difference value of the correction indexes of the temperature and the oxygen concentration after the extreme weather control strategy is started is larger than or equal to a temperature difference threshold value, or the difference value of the correction indexes of the oxygen concentration and the oxygen concentration after the extreme weather control strategy is started is larger than or equal to an oxygen concentration difference threshold value, or the difference value of the correction indexes of the carbon dioxide concentration and the carbon dioxide concentration after the extreme weather control strategy is started is larger than or equal to a carbon dioxide concentration difference threshold value, judging that the double-sided sunlight greenhouse environment information after the extreme weather control strategy is started does not meet the comprehensive evaluation index, and adjusting a first preset extreme temperature value, a first preset extreme humidity value or a first preset extreme wind speed value.
The control threshold value is further adjusted according to the comprehensive evaluation index by detecting and monitoring the data in the whole regulation and control process, the function of self-adaptive control threshold adjustment is achieved. The evaluation contents of the comprehensive evaluation indexes are divided into an environment control condition, a vegetable crop growth condition and a fungus growth condition. Each evaluation content has two evaluation indexes, namely a basic index and a correction index. The comprehensive evaluation index can bring various factors and potential factors which cannot be measured but reflect certain aspect of the greenhouse into an evaluation range, the system divides a coupling calculation interval and a state evaluation matrix according to the monitored data through analysis and judgment, verifies a correction index evaluation result based on a basic index, and obtains a comprehensive evaluation conclusion. The basic index is actually monitored data in different evaluation contents, and the correction index is based on the following formula.
And S4, starting a normal weather control strategy by the control device to control the working states of the first ventilation device, the second ventilation device and the third ventilation device until the outdoor environment information detected by the outdoor weather station is smaller than a second extreme threshold value.
Illustratively, the normal weather control strategy is:
when the outdoor temperature detected by the outdoor weather station is less than a second preset extreme temperature value, or the outdoor humidity detected by the outdoor weather station is less than a second preset extreme humidity value, or the outdoor wind speed detected by the outdoor weather station is less than a second preset extreme wind speed value, judging as normal weather; the first preset extreme temperature value is greater than the second preset extreme temperature value, the first preset extreme humidity value is larger than the second preset extreme humidity value, the first preset extreme wind speed value is larger than the second preset extreme wind speed value;
setting a first preset temperature value, a second preset temperature value, a third preset temperature value and a fourth preset temperature value of which the numerical values are reduced in sequence;
when the temperature of the sun-shed greenhouse 1 is greater than or equal to a first preset temperature value, the control device controls all window switching devices in the double-sided sunlight greenhouse environment control system to be opened and controls all one-way convection devices to rotate at a high speed;
when the temperature of the greenhouse 1 is reduced to a second preset temperature value, the control device controls all the one-way convection devices to rotate at a medium speed;
when the temperature of the greenhouse 1 falls to a third preset temperature value, the control device controls window opening and closing devices of a top window of the greenhouse 1, a front window of the greenhouse 1 and a lower window of the greenhouse 3 to be closed, unidirectional convection devices of the top window of the greenhouse 1, the front window of the greenhouse 1 and the lower window of the greenhouse 3 to be stopped, a window opening and closing device of the middle wall 2 is opened, and the unidirectional convection device of the middle wall 2 rotates at a low speed;
when the temperature of the sunshade greenhouse 1 is reduced to a fourth preset temperature value, the control device controls the window opening and closing device of the middle wall body 2 to be closed, and the one-way convection device of the middle wall body 2 stops rotating.
In-process that the temperature in sunshade greenhouse 1 drops to fourth preset temperature value from third preset temperature value still includes:
setting a first preset humidity value B1, a second preset humidity value B2, a third preset humidity value B3, a fourth preset humidity value B4, a first preset carbon dioxide concentration value Y1, a second preset carbon dioxide concentration value Y2, a third preset carbon dioxide concentration value Y3, a fourth preset carbon dioxide concentration value Y4, a first preset oxygen concentration value X1, a second preset oxygen concentration value X2, a third preset oxygen concentration value X3 and a fourth preset oxygen concentration value X4; b4< B3< B2< B1, Y1< Y2< Y4< Y3, X3< X2= X4< X1;
if H1 is more than or equal to B1, H1 is more than H2, and B3 is less than delta H and less than or equal to B2, the unidirectional convection device of the middle wall body 2 rotates reversely at medium speed; wherein H1 is the humidity of the sunshade greenhouse 1, and H2 is the humidity of the sunshade greenhouse 3;
if H1 is more than or equal to B1, H1 is more than H2, and B4 is less than delta H and less than or equal to B3, the unidirectional convection device of the middle wall body 2 reversely rotates at a low speed;
if H1< H2, the control device controls the window opening and closing device of the middle wall body 2 to close, the unidirectional convection device of the middle wall body 2 stops rotating;
if the H1 is more than or equal to the B1, the control device controls the dehumidifying device 505 to start;
if H1 is less than B1, the control device controls the dehumidification device 505 to be closed, and when the concentration of the carbon dioxide in the sunshade greenhouse 1 is less than Y1, the control device controls the window switch device of the top window of the sunshade greenhouse 1 to be opened, the unidirectional convection device of the top window of the sunshade greenhouse 1 is reversed at a medium speed until the concentration of the carbon dioxide in the sunshade greenhouse 1 is greater than Y2, the control device controls the window switch device of the top window of the sunshade greenhouse 1 to be closed, and the unidirectional convection device of the top window of the sunshade greenhouse 1 stops rotating;
if H1 is less than B1 and the carbon dioxide concentration of the greenhouse 3 is more than Y3, the control device controls the opening and closing device of the window of the middle wall body 2 to be opened, the unidirectional convection device of the middle wall body 2 rotates at a medium speed, until the carbon dioxide concentration of the greenhouse 3 is less than Y4, the control device controls the window switch device of the middle wall body 2 to close, and controls the unidirectional convection device of the middle wall body 2 to stop rotating;
if H1 is less than B1 and the oxygen concentration of the greenhouse 1 is greater than X1, the control device controls the window switch device of the middle wall 2 to be opened, the unidirectional convection device of the middle wall 2 rotates at a medium speed until the oxygen concentration of the greenhouse 1 is less than X2, the control device controls the window switch device of the middle wall 2 to be closed, and controls the unidirectional convection device of the middle wall 2 to stop rotating;
if H1 is less than B1 and the oxygen concentration of the greenhouse 3 is less than X3, the control device controls a window switch device of a lower window of the greenhouse 3 to be opened, a one-way convection device of the lower window of the greenhouse 3 to rotate at a medium speed until the oxygen concentration of the greenhouse 3 is greater than X4, the control device controls the window switch device of the lower window of the greenhouse 3 to be closed, and controls the one-way convection device of the lower window of the greenhouse 3 to stop rotating.
In the above normal weather control strategy, each step is controlled according to a judgment condition, the double-sided sunlight greenhouse environment is adjusted, the control effect needs to be graded through a correction index after each control, if the difference value between the temperature and the correction index of the temperature after each control in the normal weather control strategy is greater than or equal to a temperature difference threshold value, or the difference value between the correction index of the oxygen concentration and the correction index of the oxygen concentration is greater than or equal to an oxygen concentration difference threshold value, or the difference value between the correction index of the carbon dioxide concentration and the correction index of the carbon dioxide concentration is greater than or equal to a carbon dioxide concentration difference threshold value, a first preset temperature value, a second preset temperature value, a third preset temperature value, a fourth preset temperature value, a first preset humidity value B1, a second preset humidity value B2, a third preset humidity value B3, a first preset carbon dioxide Y1, a second preset carbon dioxide Y2, a third preset carbon dioxide Y3, a fourth preset carbon dioxide Y4, a first preset oxygen X1, a second preset oxygen X2, a third preset oxygen concentration value X3 or a fourth preset oxygen concentration value X4 is adjusted. That is, if the control effect after the sequential control does not satisfy the comprehensive evaluation index, the threshold value at the time of the current control is adjusted, and the control is performed again according to the adjusted threshold value. The temperature correction index in this step see step S3 for the formula for the correction index of oxygen concentration and the correction index of carbon dioxide concentration.
And S5, if the double-sided sunlight greenhouse environment information after the normal weather control strategy is started does not meet the comprehensive evaluation index, adjusting a second pole threshold value, replacing the second pole threshold value with the adjusted second pole threshold value, and returning to the step until the outdoor environment information detected by the outdoor weather station is smaller than the second pole threshold value, wherein the control device starts the normal weather control strategy to control the working states of the first ventilating device, the second ventilating device and the third ventilating device.
In the following, the cultivation of tomatoes in a sunny shed and the cultivation of flammulina velutipes in a shady shed are taken as examples, the control logic of the normal weather and extreme weather control system of the double-sided sunlight greenhouse environment control method is concretely explained. Firstly, the specific steps of the normal weather control system are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps that 1, an environment sensor is arranged inside a double-sided sunlight greenhouse to monitor the environment inside the greenhouse, and an outdoor weather station outside the double-sided sunlight greenhouse monitors the environment outside the greenhouse and the wind speed;
step 2, setting preset temperature values of the control device, wherein the first preset temperature value is 32 ℃, the second preset temperature value is 29 ℃, the third preset temperature value is 26 ℃ and the fourth preset temperature value is 23 ℃; setting preset humidity values of the control device, wherein the first preset humidity value is 85% RH, the second preset humidity value is 10% RH, the third preset humidity value is 5% RH, the fourth preset humidity value is 0% RH;
step 3, when the temperature in the sunshade greenhouse 1 reaches a first preset temperature value of 32 ℃, the processor 4 transmits a signal to the controller 5, the controller 5 controls the opening of the top air port of the sunshade greenhouse 1, the front air port of the sunshade greenhouse 1, the ventilation window of the middle wall body 2 and the ventilation window of the sunshade greenhouse 3, controlling a fan of the sunny greenhouse 1 to rotate at a high speed, a fan of the middle wall body 2 to rotate at a high speed, and a fan of the cloudy greenhouse 3 to rotate at a high speed, ventilating the sunny greenhouse 1 from the outside, ventilating the cloudy greenhouse 3 from the sunny greenhouse 1, and ventilating the cloudy greenhouse 3 from the cloudy greenhouse 3 to the outside;
step 4, after the fan runs for a period of time at a high speed, when the temperature in the greenhouse 1 of the sunshade falls to 29 ℃, the processor 4 transmits a signal to the controller 5, the controller 5 controls the fan of the sunny greenhouse 1 to rotate at a medium speed, the fan of the middle wall 2 to rotate at a medium speed, and the fan of the cloudy greenhouse 3 to rotate at a medium speed;
step 5, after the fan runs for a period of time at a medium speed, when the temperature in the greenhouse drops to 26 ℃, the processor 4 transmits a signal to the controller 5, the controller 5 controls the ventilation window of the greenhouse 1 of the sunny shed to be closed, the fan of the greenhouse 1 of the sunny shed to stop rotating, the ventilation window of the greenhouse 3 of the shady shed to be closed, the fan of the greenhouse 3 of the shady shed to stop rotating, and the fan of the middle wall 2 rotates at a low speed;
step 6, after the fan runs for a period of time at a low speed, when the temperature in the greenhouse drops to 23 ℃, the processor 4 transmits a signal to the controller 5, the controller 5 controls the ventilation window of the middle wall 2 to be closed, and the fan of the middle wall 2 stops running;
step 7, when the temperature in the sunny-shed greenhouse 1 is between 23 ℃ and 26 ℃, the humidity in the sunny-shed greenhouse 1 reaches a set first preset humidity value, namely 85 RH percent, the humidity of the sunny-shed greenhouse 1 is higher than that of the cloudy-shed greenhouse 3, and the absolute value of the humidity difference between the sunny-shed greenhouse 1 and the cloudy-shed greenhouse 3 reaches 10 RH percent, transmitting a signal to the controller 5 by the processor 4, controlling the opening of the ventilation window of the middle wall body 2 by the controller 5, reversing the fan of the middle wall body 2 at a high speed, and ventilating from the cloudy-shed greenhouse 3 to the sunny-shed greenhouse 1;
step 8, after the fan is operated at a high speed for a period of time, when the temperature in the sunny-greenhouse 1 is between 23 ℃ and 26 ℃, the humidity in the sunny-greenhouse 1 reaches 85 RH percent, the humidity in the sunny-greenhouse 1 is higher than the humidity in the cloudy-greenhouse 3, and the absolute value of the humidity difference between the sunny-greenhouse 1 and the cloudy-greenhouse 3 is between 5 RH and 10 RH percent, the processor 4 transmits a signal to the controller 5, and the controller 5 controls the middle wall 2 to reverse the fan at a medium speed;
step 9, after the fan is operated at a high speed for a period of time, when the temperature in the greenhouse 1 is between 23 ℃ and 26 ℃, the humidity in the greenhouse 1 reaches 85% RH, the humidity of the greenhouse 1 is higher than that of the greenhouse 3, and the absolute value of the humidity difference between the greenhouse 1 and the greenhouse 3 is between 0 RH and 5 RH, the processor 4 transmits a signal to the controller 5, and the controller 5 controls the fan of the middle wall 2 to reverse at a low speed;
step 10, after the fan runs for a period of time at a low speed, when the temperature in the sunshade greenhouse 1 is between 23 and 26 ℃, the humidity of the sunshade greenhouse 1 is lower than that of the sunshade greenhouse 3, the processor 4 transmits a signal to the controller 5, and the controller 5 controls the fan of the middle wall 2 to stop running;
step 11, after the fan is stopped, if the humidity of the greenhouse 3 is still higher than 85% RH, the processor 4 transmits a signal to the controller 5, and the controller 5 controls the dehumidifying device 505 to start; further, if the humidity of the greenhouse 3 is less than 85% RH, the controller 5 controls the dehumidifying apparatus 505 to be turned off;
step 12, when the temperature in the sunshade greenhouse 1 is between 23 ℃ and 26 ℃ and the humidity in the sunshade greenhouse 1 reaches a predetermined first predetermined humidity value, that is, 85% RH, when the temperature in the sunshade greenhouse 1 is CO 2 The concentration is lower than the first preset CO 2 When the concentration value is 800ppm, the controller 5 controls the ventilation window of the ceiling top tuyere to open, the fan rotates reversely at a medium speed, and the ventilation is carried out from the outside to the sunshade greenhouse 1; after the fan runs for a period of time at a low speed, as a greenhouse 1CO 2 The concentration is higher than the second preset CO 2 When the concentration value is 1000ppm, the controller 5 controls the ventilation window of the top air opening of the sunshade to be closed, and controlling the fan to stop rotating;
step 13, when the temperature in the sunshade greenhouse 1 is between 23 ℃ and 26 ℃ and the humidity in the sunshade greenhouse 1 reaches a predetermined first predetermined humidity value, that is, 85% RH, and when the humidity in the sunshade greenhouse 3O 2 The concentration is lower than the first preset O 2 When the concentration value is 400ppm, the controller 5 controls the ventilation window of the greenhouse to be opened, the fan rotates reversely at medium speed, and the ventilation is carried out from the outside to the greenhouse 3 of the greenhouse; when the greenhouse is a greenhouse with a shade of 3O 2 The concentration is higher than the second preset O 2 When the concentration value is 750ppm, the controller 5 controls the ventilation window of the shady shed to be closed and controls the fan to stop rotating;
step 14, when the temperature in the sunshade greenhouse 1 is between 23 ℃ and 26 ℃, the humidity in the sunshade greenhouse 1 reaches a first preset humidity value, namely 85 percent RH, and when the sunshade O 2 The concentration reaches a third preset O 2 When the concentration value is 950ppm, the controller 5 controls the ventilation window of the middle wall body 2 to be opened, the fan rotates at a medium speed, and the ventilation is carried out from the sunshade greenhouse 1 to the sunshade greenhouse 3; when in use sunshade O 2 The concentration is lower than the fourth preset O 2 When the concentration value is 750ppm, the controller 5 controls the ventilation window of the middle wall body 2 to be closed and controls the fanStopping the rotation;
step 15, when the temperature in the sunshade greenhouse 1 is between 23 and 26 ℃, the humidity in the sunshade greenhouse 1 reaches a set first preset humidity value, namely 85 percent RH, and when the humidity in the sunshade greenhouse CO is in the shade 2 The concentration reaches the third preset CO 2 When the concentration value is 1200ppm, the controller 5 controls the ventilation window of the middle wall body 2 to be opened, the fan rotates reversely at a medium speed, and the ventilation is carried out from the shade greenhouse 3 to the sunshade greenhouse 1; as a shade of CO 2 Concentration lower than fourth predetermined CO 2 When the concentration value is 1050ppm, the controller 5 controls the ventilation window of the middle wall body 2 to be closed and controls the fan to stop rotating;
according to the embodiment of the invention, the operation of the window switch device and the fan is regulated and controlled by the intelligent control system, so that the damp and hot air on the upper surface inside the sunshade is transferred to the shade shed and the outdoor, a good growing environment is provided for vegetables in the sunshade and fungus crops in the shade shed, and the crop yield is effectively improved; through comprehensive evaluation indexes, self-adaptive adjustment of control threshold values and intellectualization of a control system are achieved, consumption of energy and human resources is greatly reduced, and economic benefits of the greenhouse are effectively improved.
The specific steps of the extreme weather control system are as follows:
step 16, setting a first preset extreme temperature value 38 ℃, a second preset extreme temperature value 34 ℃, a first preset extreme humidity value 95% RH, a second preset extreme humidity value 90% RH, a first preset extreme wind speed value 20.7m/s and a second preset extreme wind speed value 17.2m/s of the control device;
step 17, when the outdoor weather station detects that the outdoor highest temperature reaches 38 ℃, the processor 4 judges that the weather is extremely high temperature, the processor 4 transmits a signal to the controller 5, the controller 5 controls the ventilation windows of the sunshade greenhouse 1, the middle wall 2 and the sunshade greenhouse 3 to be opened completely, and controls the fans of the sunshade greenhouse 1, the middle wall 2 and the sunshade greenhouse 1 to rotate continuously at high speed; the front air opening of the sun-shed greenhouse 1 is used for ventilating to the sun-shed greenhouse 1 from the outside, the top air opening of the sun-shed greenhouse 1 is used for ventilating to the outside, and the ventilation openings of the middle wall 2 and the shade greenhouse 3 are used for ventilating to the outside from the sun-shed greenhouse 1 to the sun-shed greenhouse 1 and from the shade greenhouse 3;
step 18, when the outdoor weather station detects that the outside temperature is reduced to below 36 ℃, the processor 4 judges that the weather is normal, the processor 4 transmits a signal to the controller 5, and the normal weather control system is started;
step 19, when the outdoor weather station detects that the outdoor maximum humidity reaches 95% RH, the processor 4 judges that the weather is in an extreme rainy season, the processor 4 transmits a signal to the controller 5, the controller 5 controls ventilation windows of the sunny greenhouse 1 and the cloudy greenhouse 3 to be closed, controls a ventilation window of the middle wall 2 to be opened, controls a fan of the middle wall 2 to operate at a medium speed, and ventilates from the sunny greenhouse 1 to the cloudy greenhouse 3;
step 20, when the outdoor weather station detects that the external humidity falls below 90% RH, the processor 4 judges that the weather is normal, the processor 4 transmits a signal to the controller 5, and the normal weather control system is started;
step 21, when the outdoor weather station detects that the outdoor maximum wind speed reaches 20.7m/s, the processor 4 judges weather with extreme strong wind, the processor 4 transmits signals to the controller 5, the controller 5 controls a front air port of the sunny shed greenhouse 1, a fan of the middle wall 2 and a ventilation window of the middle wall 2 to be opened, and controls a fan of the front air port, a fan of the middle wall 2 and a fan of the cloudy shed greenhouse 3 to run at low speed; ventilating to the greenhouse 1 from the outside through a front air port and a top air port of the greenhouse 1, and ventilating to the outside from the greenhouse 1 to the greenhouse 1 and from the greenhouse 3 through ventilation ports of the middle wall 2 and the greenhouse 3;
and step 22, when the outdoor weather station detects that the outside wind speed is reduced to below 17.2m/s, the processor 4 judges that the weather is normal, the processor 4 transmits a signal to the controller 5, and the normal weather control system is started.
In this embodiment, the hot air circulation windows 51 of the double-sided sunlight greenhouse environment control system are all provided with insect-proof nets, and the insect-proof net material is preferably polyethylene material and nano material, so that insect pests and diseases can be effectively prevented.
In addition, a layer of material plate with uniform temperature distribution is vertically placed outside the hot air circulation window 51 of the embodiment, and the material is selected from non-woven fabric separation materials.
In this embodiment, the control strategy of the control device (the first preset temperature value, the second preset temperature value, and the third preset temperature value)A preset temperature value, a fourth preset temperature value, a first preset humidity value, a second preset humidity value, a third preset humidity value, a fourth preset humidity value and a first preset O 2 Concentration value, second predetermined value O 2 Concentration value, third predetermined value O 2 Concentration value, fourth predetermined value O 2 Concentration value, first predetermined CO 2 Concentration value, second predetermined CO 2 Concentration value, third predetermined CO 2 Concentration value, fourth predetermined CO 2 The concentration value, the first preset extreme temperature value, the second preset extreme temperature value, the first preset extreme humidity value, the second preset extreme humidity value, the first preset extreme wind speed value and the second preset extreme wind speed value) can be dynamically changed and adjusted according to the temperature and humidity control condition, the vegetable crop growth condition and the fungus growth condition in the comprehensive evaluation index.
The adjusting process comprises the following steps: the system monitors data in the whole regulation and control process through the detection unit, and further adjusts the control threshold value according to the comprehensive evaluation index. The evaluation content of the comprehensive evaluation index is divided into an environment control condition, a vegetable crop growth condition and a fungus growth condition. Each evaluation content has two evaluation indexes, namely a basic index and a correction index. The comprehensive evaluation index can bring various factors and potential factors which cannot be measured but reflect certain aspect of the greenhouse into an evaluation range, the system divides a coupling calculation interval and a state evaluation matrix according to the monitored data through analysis and judgment, verifies a correction index evaluation result based on a basic index, and obtains a comprehensive evaluation conclusion. The basic indexes are actually monitored data in different evaluation contents, and the correction indexes are according to the following formula:
correction index of environmental control condition
Figure BDA0003835394600000241
Correction index of vegetable crop growth condition
O x ＝S n ×O n
Correction index of fungus growth condition
CO x ＝S h ×CO h
Through comprehensive evaluation indexes, the self-adaptive adjustment of the control threshold value and the intellectualization of the control system are realized, the consumption of energy and human resources is greatly reduced, and the economic benefit of the greenhouse is effectively improved.
Preferably, the shape of the hot air circulation window 51 of the present embodiment is square, the minimum value of the number of windows is 2, the maximum value is 20, the minimum distance between adjacent windows is 2m, and the maximum distance does not exceed 10% of the length of the wall body.
As can be seen from FIG. 5, when the system is in operation, the hot air flow in the sunshade greenhouse 1 will enter the sunshade greenhouse 3 through the hot air circulation window 51, thereby increasing the temperature of the sunshade.
As shown in FIG. 6, when the environmental control system is working, the temperature of the shade is obviously increased, and the average temperature is increased from 24 ℃ to 26.7 ℃; the temperature of the sunshade is obviously reduced, the average temperature is reduced from 36 ℃ to 34.5 ℃, the overall temperature distribution is more uniform than before, and the average temperature is reduced. The temperature change before and after the double-sided solar greenhouse environment control system opens the thermal cycle window is shown in figure 7.
In this embodiment, the maximum wind speed V at the hot air circulation window 51 may be set according to different sizes of the hot air circulation window 51, and the formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003835394600000242
the maximum wind speed V at the hot air circulation window 51 is designed according to the maximum temperature of the greenhouse, and the corresponding maximum wind speed V value can be obtained according to the maximum temperature, so that the corresponding window size can be set according to different temperature environments, and the rapid cooling is realized.
The invention provides a comprehensive evaluation index, which monitors data in the whole regulation and control process through a system and further adjusts a control threshold according to the comprehensive evaluation index so as to achieve the function of adjusting a self-adaptive control threshold. The defects that the double-sided greenhouse in the prior art is low in ventilation efficiency and energy is difficult to fully utilize are overcome, and automatic environment adjustment of the double-sided greenhouse is achieved.
In the present specification, the embodiments are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the foregoing, the description is not to be taken in a limiting sense.

Claims (10)

1. A dual-sided solar greenhouse environmental control system, the system comprising: the system comprises a double-sided solar greenhouse, a first environment detection device, a second environment detection device, a first ventilation device, a second ventilation device, a third ventilation device, a dehumidification device, an outdoor weather station and a control device;
the first environment detection device and the dehumidification device are arranged in a sunny greenhouse of the double-faced sunlight greenhouse, and the second environment detection device is arranged in a cloudy greenhouse of the double-faced sunlight greenhouse; the outdoor weather station is arranged outside the double-sided sunlight greenhouse; the first ventilation device is arranged on a sunshade greenhouse of the double-sided sunlight greenhouse, the second ventilation device is arranged on a sunshade greenhouse of the double-sided sunlight greenhouse, and the third ventilation device is arranged on a middle wall body of the double-sided sunlight greenhouse;
the signal output end of the first environment detection device, the signal output end of the second environment detection device and the signal output end of the outdoor weather station are connected with the signal input end of the control device, and the control end of the first ventilation device, the control end of the second ventilation device, the control end of the third ventilation device and the control end of the dehumidification device are connected with the signal output end of the control device; the control device is used for acquiring the environment information of the sunny greenhouse detected by the first environment detection device, the environment information of the cloudy greenhouse detected by the second environment detection device and the outdoor environment information detected by the outdoor weather station, and generating a control signal according to the environment information of the sunny greenhouse, the environment information of the cloudy greenhouse and the outdoor environment information, and then controlling the first ventilation device according to the control signal, the second ventilation device, the third ventilation device and the dehumidifying device, automatically adjusting the environments of the sunny greenhouse and the cloudy greenhouse in the double-sided sunlight greenhouse, and enabling the environments of the sunny greenhouse and the cloudy greenhouse to be suitable for the growth of crops in the respective greenhouses.
2. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of top windows are arranged in sequence on the top of the sunshade greenhouse, and a plurality of front windows are arranged in sequence on the front part of the sunshade greenhouse; the first ventilation device includes: a plurality of first air circulation assemblies and a plurality of second air circulation assemblies; the first air circulation assemblies are respectively arranged in the top windows in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the second air circulation assemblies are respectively arranged in the front windows in a one-to-one correspondence mode;
a plurality of lower windows which are sequentially arranged are arranged at the lower part of the greenhouse; the second ventilation device comprises a plurality of third air circulation assemblies; the plurality of third air circulation assemblies are respectively arranged in the plurality of lower windows in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
a plurality of ventilation windows which are sequentially arranged are arranged at the lower part of the middle wall body; the third ventilation device comprises a plurality of fourth air circulation assemblies; the plurality of fourth air circulation assemblies are respectively arranged in the plurality of ventilation windows in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
each first air circulation assembly, each second air circulation assembly, each third air circulation assembly and each fourth air circulation assembly comprises a window switch device and a one-way convection device; the control end of the window opening and closing device and the control end of the unidirectional convection device are both connected with the control device, and the control device is used for controlling the opening and closing of the window opening and closing device and the rotating speed of the unidirectional convection device.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the first environmental detection device and the second environmental detection device each comprise: the device comprises a temperature detection device, a humidity detection device, an oxygen concentration detection device and a carbon dioxide detection device;
the signal output end of the temperature detection device, the signal output end of the humidity detection device, the signal output end of the oxygen concentration detection device and the signal output end of the carbon dioxide detection device are connected with the signal input end of the control device.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the control device comprises: a processor and a controller;
the signal output end of the first environment detection device, the signal output end of the second environment detection device and the signal output end of the outdoor weather station are connected with the signal input end of the processor, and the signal output end of the processor is connected with the signal input end of the controller; the processor is used for acquiring the environment information of the sunny greenhouse detected by the first environment detection device, the environment information of the cloudy greenhouse detected by the second environment detection device and the outdoor environment information detected by the outdoor weather station, and generating a control signal according to the environment information of the sunny greenhouse, the environment information of the cloudy greenhouse and the outdoor environment information;
the control end of the first ventilation device, the control end of the second ventilation device, the control end of the third ventilation device and the control end of the dehumidification device are connected with the signal output end of the controller; the controller is used for controlling the working states of the first ventilating device, the second ventilating device, the third ventilating device and the dehumidifying device according to the control signals and automatically adjusting the environment of the greenhouse with the positive shed and the environment of the greenhouse with the negative shed in the double-sided sunlight greenhouse, so that the environment of the greenhouse with the positive shed and the environment of the greenhouse with the negative shed are suitable for the growth of crops in the respective sheds.
5. A double-sided solar greenhouse environment control method, which is applied to the double-sided solar greenhouse environment control system of any one of claims 1 to 4, and comprises the following steps:
presetting a first extreme threshold and a second extreme threshold;
when the outdoor environment information detected by the outdoor weather station is greater than or equal to a first extreme threshold value, the control device starts an extreme weather control strategy to control the working states of the first ventilation device, the second ventilation device and the third ventilation device;
if the double-sided sunlight greenhouse environment information after the extreme weather control strategy is started does not meet the comprehensive evaluation index, adjusting a first extreme threshold value, replacing the first extreme threshold value with the adjusted first extreme threshold value, and returning to the step of controlling the working states of the first ventilating device, the second ventilating device and the third ventilating device by starting the extreme weather control strategy by the control device when the outdoor environment information detected by the outdoor weather station is greater than or equal to the first extreme threshold value;
when the outdoor environment information detected by the outdoor weather station is smaller than a second extreme threshold value, the control device starts a normal weather control strategy to control the working states of the first ventilation device, the second ventilation device and the third ventilation device;
and if the environment information of the double-sided sunlight greenhouse after the normal weather control strategy is started does not meet the comprehensive evaluation index, adjusting the threshold value of the second terminal, replacing the threshold value of the second terminal with the adjusted threshold value of the second terminal, and returning to the step until the outdoor environment information detected by the outdoor weather station is smaller than the threshold value of the second terminal, starting the normal weather control strategy by the control device to control the working states of the first ventilating device, the second ventilating device and the third ventilating device.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein when the outdoor environmental information detected by the outdoor weather-station is greater than or equal to a first extreme threshold, the control device starts an extreme weather control strategy to control the operating states of the first ventilating device, the second ventilating device and the third ventilating device, and specifically comprises:
when the outdoor temperature detected by the outdoor weather station is greater than or equal to a first preset extreme temperature value, the weather is judged to be extremely high temperature, the control device controls the window switching devices of the sunshade greenhouse, the middle wall body and the sunshade greenhouse to be all opened, and controls the unidirectional convection devices of the sunshade greenhouse, the middle wall body and the sunshade greenhouse to rotate at high speed;
when the outdoor humidity detected by the outdoor weather station is greater than or equal to a first preset extreme humidity value, the weather is judged to be extreme rainy season, the control device controls the window switch devices of the sunny greenhouse and the cloudy greenhouse to be closed, the window switch device of the middle wall body to be opened, and controls the unidirectional convection device of the middle wall body to operate at a medium speed;
when the outdoor wind speed detected by the outdoor weather station is greater than or equal to a first preset extreme wind speed value, the weather is judged to be extreme strong wind weather, the control device controls the opening and closing devices of the front window of the sunny greenhouse, the cloudy greenhouse and the middle wall body to be opened, and controls the unidirectional convection devices of the front window of the sunny greenhouse, the middle wall body and the cloudy greenhouse to operate at low speed.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein if the double-sided sunlight greenhouse environment information after the extreme weather control strategy is started does not meet the comprehensive evaluation index, the first extreme threshold is adjusted, specifically comprising:
acquiring double-sided sunlight greenhouse environment information after an extreme weather control strategy is started; the double-sided sunlight greenhouse environment information comprises temperature, oxygen concentration and carbon dioxide concentration; extreme weather includes extreme high temperature weather, extreme rainy season weather and extreme strong wind weather;
using formulas
Figure FDA0003835394590000041
Calculating a correction index of the temperature; in the formula, V x As a correction index of temperature, Q 1 Inlet air volume, T, for unidirectional convection 1 Is the inlet temperature, T 2 Is the outlet temperature, P 1 Is at standard atmospheric pressure, P 2 Is the local atmospheric pressure,/ 1 、l 2 The length and the width of the window are respectively;
using the formula O x ＝S n ×O n Calculating a correction index of the oxygen concentration; in the formula, O x As a correction index for oxygen concentration, S n Is the planting area of n-type crops, O n Is the oxygen emission coefficient per unit area of n types of crops;
using the formula CO x ＝S h ×CO h Calculating a correction index of the concentration of the carbon dioxide; in the formula, CO x As a correction index of the carbon dioxide concentration, S h Is the planting area of the h-type crop, CO h The carbon dioxide emission coefficient of a unit area of the h-type crops;
if the difference value of the correction indexes of the temperature and the oxygen concentration after the extreme weather control strategy is started is larger than or equal to a temperature difference threshold value, or the difference value of the correction indexes of the oxygen concentration and the oxygen concentration after the extreme weather control strategy is started is larger than or equal to an oxygen concentration difference threshold value, or the difference value of the correction indexes of the carbon dioxide concentration and the carbon dioxide concentration after the extreme weather control strategy is started is larger than or equal to a carbon dioxide concentration difference threshold value, judging that the double-sided sunlight greenhouse environment information after the extreme weather control strategy is started does not meet the comprehensive evaluation index, and automatically adjusting a first preset extreme temperature value, a first preset extreme humidity value or a first preset extreme wind speed value by the system according to the comprehensive evaluation index.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the controlling device starts a normal weather control strategy to control the working states of the first ventilating device, the second ventilating device and the third ventilating device until the outdoor environmental information detected by the outdoor weather station is less than a second threshold, and specifically comprises:
when the outdoor temperature detected by the outdoor weather station is less than a second preset extreme temperature value, or the outdoor humidity detected by the outdoor weather station is less than a second preset extreme humidity value, or the outdoor wind speed detected by the outdoor weather station is less than a second preset extreme wind speed value, judging as normal weather; the first preset extreme temperature value is larger than the second preset extreme temperature value, the first preset extreme humidity value is larger than the second preset extreme humidity value, and the first preset extreme wind speed value is larger than the second preset extreme wind speed value;
setting a first preset temperature value, a second preset temperature value, a third preset temperature value and a fourth preset temperature value of which the numerical values are reduced in sequence;
when the temperature of the sun-shed greenhouse is greater than or equal to a first preset temperature value, the control device controls all window switching devices in the double-sided sunlight greenhouse environment control system to be opened and controls all one-way convection devices to rotate at a high speed;
when the temperature of the greenhouse in the sunshade falls to a second preset temperature value, the control device controls all the one-way convection devices to rotate at a medium speed;
when the temperature of the sunny greenhouse drops to a third preset temperature value, the control device controls window opening and closing devices of a top window of the sunny greenhouse, a front window of the sunny greenhouse and a lower window of the cloudy greenhouse to be closed, unidirectional convection devices of the top window of the sunny greenhouse, the front window of the sunny greenhouse and the lower window of the cloudy greenhouse to be stopped, a window opening and closing device of the middle wall body is opened, and the unidirectional convection device of the middle wall body rotates at a low speed;
when the temperature of the sunshade greenhouse is reduced to a fourth preset temperature value, the control device controls the window opening and closing device of the middle wall body to be closed, and the unidirectional convection device of the middle wall body stops rotating.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein during the process of the temperature of the greenhouse in the sunshade decreases from the third preset temperature value to the fourth preset temperature value, further comprising:
setting a first preset humidity value B1, a second preset humidity value B2, a third preset humidity value B3, a fourth preset humidity value B4, a first preset carbon dioxide concentration value Y1, a second preset carbon dioxide concentration value Y2, a third preset carbon dioxide concentration value Y3, a fourth preset carbon dioxide concentration value Y4, a first preset oxygen concentration value X1, a second preset oxygen concentration value X2, a third preset oxygen concentration value X3 and a fourth preset oxygen concentration value X4; b4< B3< B2< B1, Y1< Y2< Y4< Y3, X3< X2= X4< X1;
if H1 is more than or equal to B1, H1 is more than H2, and B3 is less than delta H and less than or equal to B2, the unidirectional convection device of the middle wall body reversely rotates at a medium speed; wherein H1 is the humidity of the sunny greenhouse and H2 is the humidity of the cloudy greenhouse;
if H1 is more than or equal to B1, H1 is more than H2, and B4 is less than delta H and less than or equal to B3, the unidirectional convection device of the middle wall body reverses at low speed;
if H1 is less than H2, the control device controls the window opening and closing device of the middle wall body to be closed, and the unidirectional convection device of the middle wall body stops rotating;
if H1 is more than or equal to B1, the control device controls the dehumidifying device to start;
if H1 is less than B1, the control device controls the dehumidification device to be closed, when the concentration of carbon dioxide in the sunny greenhouse is less than Y1, the control device controls a window switch device of a window at the top of the sunny greenhouse to be opened, the unidirectional convection device of the window at the top of the sunny greenhouse is reversed at a medium speed until the concentration of the carbon dioxide in the sunny greenhouse is greater than Y2, the control device controls the window switch device of the window at the top of the sunny greenhouse to be closed, and the unidirectional convection device of the window at the top of the sunny greenhouse is stopped to rotate;
if H1 is less than B1 and the carbon dioxide concentration of the greenhouse is greater than Y3, the control device controls the window switch device of the middle wall body to be opened, the one-way convection device of the middle wall body rotates at medium speed until the carbon dioxide concentration of the greenhouse is less than Y4, the control device controls the window switch device of the middle wall body to be closed, and controls the one-way convection device of the middle wall body to stop rotating;
if H1 is less than B1 and the oxygen concentration of the sunshade greenhouse is greater than X1, the control device controls the opening and closing device of the window of the middle wall to be opened, the unidirectional convection device of the middle wall rotates at a medium speed until the oxygen concentration of the sunshade greenhouse is less than X2, the control device controls the opening and closing device of the window of the middle wall to be closed, and controls the unidirectional convection device of the middle wall to stop rotating;
if H1 is less than B1 and the oxygen concentration of the greenhouse is less than X3, the control device controls the window switch device of the lower window of the greenhouse to be opened, the one-way convection device of the lower window of the greenhouse to rotate at medium speed until the oxygen concentration of the greenhouse to be greater than X4, the control device controls the window switch device of the lower window of the greenhouse to be closed, and controls the one-way convection device of the lower window of the greenhouse to be stopped.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the control device initiates a normal weather control strategy to control the operating state of the first, second, and third ventilation devices, further comprising:
if the difference value of the corrected indexes of the temperature and the oxygen concentration after each control in the normal weather control strategy is greater than or equal to the temperature difference value threshold, or the difference value of the corrected indexes of the oxygen concentration and the oxygen concentration is greater than or equal to the oxygen concentration difference value threshold, or the difference value of the corrected indexes of the carbon dioxide concentration and the carbon dioxide concentration is greater than or equal to the carbon dioxide concentration difference value threshold, the system automatically adjusts a first preset temperature value, a second preset temperature value, a third preset temperature value, a fourth preset temperature value, a first preset humidity value B1, a second preset humidity value B2, a third preset humidity value B3, a fourth preset humidity value B4, a first preset carbon dioxide concentration value Y1, a second preset carbon dioxide concentration value Y2, a third preset carbon dioxide concentration value Y3, a fourth preset carbon dioxide concentration value Y4, a first preset oxygen concentration value X1, a second preset oxygen concentration value X2, a third preset oxygen concentration value X3 or a fourth preset oxygen concentration value X4 according to the comprehensive evaluation index.
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