CN115339198A - 一种有机增强定位防脱双密封管材及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种有机增强定位防脱双密封管材及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-, phosphite (3:1) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OP(OC=1C(=CC(=CC=1)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)OC1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1C(C)(C)C JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxy]-2,2-bis[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxymethyl]propyl] 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
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- C08L27/04—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
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Abstract
本发明涉及高分子复合材料领域,具体为一种有机增强定位防脱双密封管材及其制备方法。其由内层和外层经热熔复合构成,外层呈波纹形结构,外层和内层均采用有机增强聚乙烯聚氯乙烯熔融共混复合材料制成;有机增强聚乙烯聚氯乙烯熔融共混复合材料包括如下按重量份计的原料:30‑40份聚氯乙烯树脂,20‑30份聚乙烯树脂,6‑8份抗冲击改性剂,8‑12份有机刚性粒子,5‑10份增容剂,10‑20份改性纳米级无机刚性粒子,1‑3份钙锌稳定剂,0.2‑0.4份硬脂酸钙,0.2‑0.4份硬脂酸锌,1‑2份分散剂,0.3‑0.5份抗氧剂1010,0.3‑0.5份抗氧剂168。本发明提高了管材环刚度、环柔度、抗冲击性能、高低温性能和耐候性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及高分子复合材料领域,特别是涉及一种有机增强定位防脱双密封管材及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前,我国的排水管网系统鱼龙混杂,大部分塑料排污管道产品表现环刚度不高,抗冲击强力差,冬天低温脆性明显,夏天管材偏软,产品扩口头破损严重,管材埋地后经常出现破管,水流堵塞,造成城市内涝;并且管材施工难度高,管道之间的连接漏水,往往造成庞大的施工浪费,管材连接扩口处强度不足,容易破损。新型高强度高韧性高光亮度塑料埋地排水管已经成为新的投资热点。而在众多的塑料埋地排水管道中,由于双壁波纹结构管以其独特的结构设计,比其它的塑料管道更节省原料。国内的一些普通管材料在生产大口径双壁波纹管时会出现抗沖击能力太差、产品环刚度达不到要求等问题,PVC双壁波纹管材冬天低温脆性明显,夏天管材偏软变色。
环刚度和环柔度是管材最重要的性能指标,因为在埋地排水管的应用中,管材不承受内压或压力很低,而只承受外压负载(包括动负载和静负载)。如果管材的环刚度太小,管材将发生大的变形破坏,这样就不能保证管材的安全使用;若环柔度过低,管材在使用过程中易破坏漏水等。添加入无机填料时,如:短切玻璃纤维、碳酸钙、滑石粉、高岭土、硅灰石等,可降低材料成本、提高材料性能的刚性,然而,在塑料材料中加入无机填充材料后一般都会使材料性能变脆,缺口冲击韧性下降,材料的使用性能因此受到明显影响。增加塑料的韧性时,早期通常采用添加增塑剂等产品,但由于其模量和玻璃化温度低,给增韧塑料带来固有的缺陷,如材料的刚度、强度、热变形温度大幅度降低,成本提高等。聚氯乙烯复合材料所表现的强度增加或冲击性能提高总是以牺牲其它性能为代价的,所以如何保持聚氯乙烯共混改性复合材料强度和韧性的平衡和耐高低温性能是制备埋地排污聚氯乙烯排水管的关键问题。
聚氯乙烯(PVC或乙烯基)是一种经济和通用的热塑性聚合物,广泛用于建筑和建筑行业、生产门窗型材、管道(饮用水和废水)、电线电缆绝缘、医疗设备等。它是和聚乙烯和聚丙烯并称世界三大热塑性材料。但由于自身的加工成型性能差,如熔体粘度大,流动性不好,热稳定性不好,容易热分解,耐老化性差,易变脆、变硬、龟裂,韧性不好,耐寒性不好,所以一般都需要进行PVC改性,被认为是可以代替钢铁广泛应用于各个领域的理想型高性能塑料。因此,本发明选用聚氯乙烯和聚乙烯共混方式,以复合改性剂CPE、EVA-G-VC和复合刚性粒子无机纳米材料和有机刚性材料对聚氯乙烯聚乙烯进行改性,制备复合材料,期望达到改善复合材料体系各项性能的目的。
发明内容
本发明目的是针对背景技术中存在的问题,提出一种提高管材环刚度、环柔度、抗冲击性能、高低温性能和耐候性能的有机增强定位防脱双密封管材及其制备方法。
一方面,本发明提出一种有机增强定位防脱双密封管材,由内层和外层经热熔复合构成,外层呈波纹形结构,外层和内层均采用有机增强聚乙烯聚氯乙烯熔融共混复合材料制成;
有机增强聚乙烯聚氯乙烯熔融共混复合材料包括如下按重量份计的原料:30-40份聚氯乙烯树脂,20-30份聚乙烯树脂,6-8份抗冲击改性剂,8-12份有机刚性粒子,5-10份增容剂,10-20份改性纳米级无机刚性粒子,1-3份钙锌稳定剂,0.2-0.4份硬脂酸钙,0.2-0.4份硬脂酸锌,1-2份分散剂,0.3-0.5份抗氧剂1010,0.3-0.5份抗氧剂168。
优选的,管材两端分别为承口部和插口部,承口部内径大于插口部外径,承口部上并排设置有橡胶圈凹槽和卡扣槽,橡胶圈凹槽处设置有橡胶圈,卡扣槽处设置有防脱弹簧胶圈,防脱弹簧胶圈包括胶圈和内置在胶圈中的弹簧钢圈,插口部外周并排设置两个波峰部,一个波峰部上设置有供橡胶圈卡入的凹槽a,另一个波峰部上设置有供防脱弹簧胶圈卡入的凹槽b。
优选的,聚氯乙烯树脂采用PVC SG-5,聚乙烯树脂采用PE100级线性聚乙烯LLDPE7042,抗冲击改性剂采用氯含量在36%-42%的CPE135A,有机刚性粒子采用高分子材料ABS,增容剂采用VC含量56.3%的EVA-G-VC,改性纳米级无机刚性粒子采用活化的重质碳酸钙3000目以上。采用复合改性剂CPE、EVA-G-VC对聚氯乙烯聚乙烯进行共混改性,提高了体系的相容性,增强了体系材料的抗冲击性能、韧性、耐侯性能等;EVA接枝氯乙烯作为PVC和PE共混体系的增容剂,能大大改善体系材料的断裂强度、断裂伸长率和冲击纱度。为了改善无机填充的增强增韧功能,采用了有机刚性粒子ABS和纳米级无机刚性粒子复合增强增韧的方法,有力提高了复合材料体系的强度、刚度和表面硬度。
优选的,采用一步法制得有机增强聚乙烯聚氯乙烯熔融共混复合材料,先用360度旋转的带加温装置的高混机对原料进行高混,使各种原料能达到高度均化;再通过双阶造粒机组进行改性造粒,得到有机增强聚乙烯聚氯乙烯熔融共混复合材料。
另一方面,本发明提出一种上述有机增强定位防脱双密封管材的制备方法,将内层材料和外层材料分别加入两台挤出机中挤出,物料通过挤出机单螺杆加热熔融塑化输送至机头口模,管材内层通过内定径套抽真空再冷却定型,管材外层在内部空气压力和外部真空吸力的共同作用下和模块紧密接触成型,管材内、外层均匀地熔合在一起,内层挤出各段温度:150℃,150℃,170℃,170℃,170℃,外层挤出各段温度:150℃,150℃,170℃,170℃,170℃。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下有益的技术效果:
本发明采用聚乙烯聚氯乙烯熔融共混、复合改性剂CPE、EVA-G-VC和复合增强增刚增韧材料(有机刚性粒子ABS和纳米级无机刚性粒子)对复合材料体系进行多元复改性,采用该复合材料制备的有机增强聚乙烯聚氯乙烯熔融共混定位防脱双密封管材的环刚度、环柔度、抗冲击性能、高低温性能、耐候性能等都明显提高,能满足埋地排污管特殊环境性能要求。
具体实施方式
实施例一
有机增强聚乙烯聚氯乙烯熔融共混复合材料包括如下按重量份计的原料:20份改性纳米级无机刚性粒子,3份钙锌稳定剂,0.4份硬脂酸钙,0.4份硬脂酸锌,2份分散剂,0.5份抗氧剂1010,0.5份抗氧剂168;30份聚氯乙烯树脂,20份聚乙烯树脂,8份抗冲击改性剂,12份有机刚性粒子,10份增容剂。
先将20份改性纳米级无机刚性粒子、3份钙锌稳定剂、0.4份硬脂酸钙、0.4份硬脂酸锌、2份分散剂、0.5份抗氧剂1010和0.5份抗氧剂168加入高速混合机中混合10-15分钟(无机材料预混合),再将30份聚氯乙烯树脂、20份聚乙烯树脂、8份抗冲击改性剂、12份有机刚性粒子和10份增容剂加入到同一高速混合机中混合10-15分钟制得混合物料,再加入到双阶挤出机组中进行熔融、塑化、混炼、挤出、造粒,最后冷却切粒,得到有机增强聚乙烯聚氯乙烯熔融共混复合材料,料筒温度分别为:140℃,150℃,170℃,170℃,170℃,口模温度为:170℃。
制备有机增强聚乙烯聚氯乙烯熔融共混定位防脱双密封管材方法:将内层材料和外层材料分别加入两台挤出机中挤出,物料通过挤出机单螺杆加热熔融塑化输送至机头口模,管材内层通过内定径套抽真空再冷却定型,管材外层在内部空气压力和外部真空吸力的共同作用下和模块紧密接触成型,管材内、外层均匀地熔合在一起,内层挤出各段温度:150℃,150℃,170℃,170℃,170℃,外层挤出各段温度:150℃,150℃,170℃,170℃,170℃。
表1、实施例一制备的有机增强聚乙烯聚氯乙烯熔融共混定位防脱双密封管材的物理力学性能
实施例二
有机增强聚乙烯聚氯乙烯熔融共混复合材料包括如下按重量份计的原料:10份改性纳米级无机刚性粒子,1份钙锌稳定剂,0.2份硬脂酸钙,0.2份硬脂酸锌,1份分散剂,0.3份抗氧剂1010,0.3份抗氧剂168;40份聚氯乙烯树脂,30份聚乙烯树脂,6份抗冲击改性剂,8份有机刚性粒子,6份增容剂。
先将10份改性纳米级无机刚性粒子,1份钙锌稳定剂,0.2份硬脂酸钙,0.2份硬脂酸锌,1份分散剂,0.3份抗氧剂1010,0.3份抗氧剂168加入高速混合机中混合10-15分钟(无机材料预混合),再将40份聚氯乙烯树脂,30份聚乙烯树脂,6份抗冲击改性剂,8份有机刚性粒子,6份增容剂加入到同一高速混合机中混合10-15分钟制得混合物料,再加入到双阶挤出机组中进行熔融、塑化、混炼、挤出、造粒,最后冷却切粒,得到有机增强聚乙烯聚氯乙烯熔融共混复合材料,料筒温度分别为:140℃,150℃,170℃,170℃,170℃,口模温度为:170℃。
制备有机增强聚乙烯聚氯乙烯熔融共混定位防脱双密封管材方法:将内层材料和外层材料分别加入两台挤出机中挤出,物料通过挤出机单螺杆加热熔融塑化输送至机头口模,管材内层通过内定径套抽真空再冷却定型,管材外层在内部空气压力和外部真空吸力的共同作用下和模块紧密接触成型,管材内、外层均匀地熔合在一起,内层挤出各段温度:150℃,150℃,170℃,170℃,170℃,外层挤出各段温度:150℃,150℃,170℃,170℃,170℃。
表2、实施例二制备的有机增强聚乙烯聚氯乙烯熔融共混定位防脱双密封管材的物理力学性能
实施例三
本实施例提出一种有机增强定位防脱双密封管材,由内层和外层经热熔复合构成,外层呈波纹形结构。管材两端分别为承口部和插口部,承口部内径大于插口部外径,承口部上并排设置有橡胶圈凹槽和卡扣槽,橡胶圈凹槽处设置有橡胶圈,卡扣槽处设置有防脱弹簧胶圈,防脱弹簧胶圈包括胶圈和内置在胶圈中的弹簧钢圈,插口部外周并排设置两个波峰部,一个波峰部上设置有供橡胶圈卡入的凹槽a,另一个波峰部上设置有供防脱弹簧胶圈卡入的凹槽b。
本实施例中,橡胶圈预先安装在橡胶圈凹槽处,防脱弹簧胶圈预先安装在卡扣槽处。在连接两个波纹管时,将一个波纹管的插口部插入另一个波纹管的承口部内侧,使得橡胶圈卡在凹槽a处,防脱弹簧胶圈卡在凹槽b处,能实现双密封效果,且内置弹簧钢圈的胶圈更能保证密封位置的牢靠性,连接过程简单、密封性能好。
本发明采用聚乙烯聚氯乙烯熔融共混、复合改性剂CPE、EVA-G-VC和复合增强增刚增韧材料(有机刚性粒子ABS和纳米级无机刚性粒子)对复合材料体系进行多元复改性,采用该复合材料制备的有机增强聚乙烯聚氯乙烯熔融共混定位防脱双密封管材的环刚度、环柔度、抗冲击性能、高低温性能、耐候性能等都明显提高,能满足埋地排污管特殊环境性能要求。
上面对本发明的实施方式作了详细说明,但是本发明并不限于此,在所属技术领域的技术人员所具备的知识范围内,在不脱离本发明宗旨的前提下还可以作出各种变化。
Claims (5)
1.一种有机增强定位防脱双密封管材,其特征在于,由内层和外层经热熔复合构成,外层呈波纹形结构,外层和内层均采用有机增强聚乙烯聚氯乙烯熔融共混复合材料制成;
有机增强聚乙烯聚氯乙烯熔融共混复合材料包括如下按重量份计的原料:30-40份聚氯乙烯树脂,20-30份聚乙烯树脂,6-8份抗冲击改性剂,8-12份有机刚性粒子,5-10份增容剂,10-20份改性纳米级无机刚性粒子,1-3份钙锌稳定剂,0.2-0.4份硬脂酸钙,0.2-0.4份硬脂酸锌,1-2份分散剂,0.3-0.5份抗氧剂1010,0.3-0.5份抗氧剂168。
2.根据权利要求1所述的有机增强定位防脱双密封管材,其特征在于,管材两端分别为承口部和插口部,承口部内径大于插口部外径,承口部上并排设置有橡胶圈凹槽和卡扣槽,橡胶圈凹槽处设置有橡胶圈,卡扣槽处设置有防脱弹簧胶圈,防脱弹簧胶圈包括胶圈和内置在胶圈中的弹簧钢圈,插口部外周并排设置两个波峰部,一个波峰部上设置有供橡胶圈卡入的凹槽a,另一个波峰部上设置有供防脱弹簧胶圈卡入的凹槽b。
3.根据权利要求1所述的有机增强定位防脱双密封管材,其特征在于,聚氯乙烯树脂采用PVC SG-5,聚乙烯树脂采用PE100级线性聚乙烯LLDPE7042,抗冲击改性剂采用氯含量在36%-42%的CPE135A,有机刚性粒子采用高分子材料ABS,增容剂采用VC含量56.3%的EVA-G-VC,改性纳米级无机刚性粒子采用活化的重质碳酸钙3000目以上。
4.根据权利要求1所述的有机增强定位防脱双密封管材,其特征在于,采用一步法制得有机增强聚乙烯聚氯乙烯熔融共混复合材料,先用360度旋转的带加温装置的高混机对原料进行高混,使各种原料能达到高度均化;再通过双阶造粒机组进行改性造粒,得到有机增强聚乙烯聚氯乙烯熔融共混复合材料。
5.一种根据权利要求4所述的有机增强定位防脱双密封管材的制备方法,其特征在于,将内层材料和外层材料分别加入两台挤出机中挤出,物料通过挤出机单螺杆加热熔融塑化输送至机头口模,管材内层通过内定径套抽真空再冷却定型,管材外层在内部空气压力和外部真空吸力的共同作用下和模块紧密接触成型,管材内、外层均匀地熔合在一起,内层挤出各段温度:150℃,150℃,170℃,170℃,170℃,外层挤出各段温度:150℃,150℃,170℃,170℃,170℃。
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