CN115337311B - 一种治疗呼吸系统疾病的组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗呼吸系统疾病的组合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
本发明属于呼吸系统疾病药物治疗领域,具体涉及一种治疗呼吸系统疾病的吸入混悬剂及制备。所述混悬剂包括糖皮质激素、β2受体激动剂、M胆碱受体阻滞剂、助悬剂和润湿剂;所述助悬剂为银耳多糖和聚乙二醇600。其制备方法包括先将糖皮质激素和部分助悬剂加入水中混合,然后加入山苍子油、槲皮素、抗坏血酸钠,制得分散液;然后将M胆碱受体阻滞剂和β2受体激动剂加入上述分散液中,混合,再加入剩余助悬剂和润湿剂;搅拌补足水即得。本发明提供的治疗哮喘的吸入混悬剂,相比现有技术,其药物间治疗平喘等及呼吸系统疾病协同性好,化学药的剂量相对较小,副作用小,混悬剂的物理化学长期稳定性好,具有良好的临床应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于本发明属于呼吸系统疾病药物治疗领域,具体涉及一种治疗呼吸系统疾病的组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
支气管哮喘(哮喘)是由多种细胞(如嗜酸性粒细胞、肥大细胞、T淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞、气道上皮细胞等)和细胞组份参与的气道慢性炎症性疾患。这种慢性炎症导致气道高反应性的增加,通常出现广泛多变的可逆性气流受限,并引起反复发作的喘息、气急、胸闷或咳嗽等症状,常在夜间和(或)清晨发作、加剧,多数患者可自行缓解或经治疗缓解。
目前,治疗哮喘的化学药品主要有糖皮质激素、β2受体激动药和黄嘌冷类等药物,虽疗效确切可靠,但不良反应较大。糖皮质激素疗效显著,但作用广泛,长期使用易引起多种严重不良反应,且在支气管哮喘发作的急性期,单独使用无法达到有益的效果。β2受体激动药是哮喘急性发作的常用药,但它们在发挥治疗作用的同时可兴奋心脏,长期服用会严重引起心律失常,所以β2受体激动药类药物在治疗哮喘方面因其不良反应而限制其临床应用,目前治疗哮喘的复方用药也有报道,常见的为氟替卡松/沙美特罗、布地奈德/福莫特罗,其在控制哮喘方面优于单一的吸入性糖皮质激素,但是其在控制哮喘及疾病的发展方面还不尽人意,且大部分的复方制剂是采用口服等形式,药物起效慢,不利于急性哮喘的控制,目前哮喘的发病率、死亡率也并没有随之而降低,仍然迫切需要去寻找更有效、更便捷、更优的药物联合来防治哮喘。
此外,吸入混悬剂虽是一种常见的、快速地治疗哮喘发作的新剂型,但是其仍然普遍存在着药物不稳定、附加剂对机体具有一定的副作用、药物用量大长期使用副作用明显,患者依从性差等问题,这些均亟待业内人士来解决。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足,本发明提供一种治疗呼吸系统疾病的组合物及其制备方法和应用,该药物组合物组分间协同性好,副作用小,治疗哮喘药效更优越,且混悬剂的物理化学的长期稳定性也好,安全性高。
为了实现本发明目的,本发明采用的技术方案如下:
一种治疗呼吸系统疾病的组合物,所述组合物的组分包括糖皮质激素、β2受体激动剂、M胆碱受体阻滞剂、助悬剂和润湿剂;
所述助悬剂为银耳多糖和聚乙二醇600。
优选地,所述助悬剂在混悬剂中的质量百分数为0.005-0.1%;优选为0.01-0.05%;所述助悬剂由质量比1:3-4的银耳多糖和聚乙二醇600复配而成。
优选地,所述润湿剂在混悬剂中的质量百分数为0.001-0.05%;优选为0.005-0.01%;
优选地,所述润湿剂选自泊洛沙姆、聚氧乙烯蓖麻油类和聚山梨酯类中的一种或几种;优选为聚氧乙烯蓖麻油。
优选地,所述组合物还包括以下组分:山苍子油、槲皮素和抗坏血酸钠三种组分的质量比为5-10:3-6:1;所述山苍子油、槲皮素和抗坏血酸钠在混悬剂中质量百分数为0.01-0.03%。
优选地,所述山苍子油、槲皮素和抗坏血酸钠在混悬剂中质量百分数为0.01-0.5%。
优选地,所述糖皮质激素选自布地奈德;所述β2受体激动剂选自特布他林,沙丁胺醇,福莫特罗、丙卡特罗和非诺特罗及其药学上可接受的盐、脂、异构体或溶剂化物中的至少一种;所述M胆碱受体阻滞剂选自异丙托溴铵或格隆溴铵及其药学上可接受的盐、脂、异构体或溶剂化物中的至少一种;
优选地,所述糖皮质激素、β2受体激动剂和M胆碱受体阻滞剂在混悬剂中的浓度分别为0.20-0.50mg/mL、2.0-5.0mg/mL和0.1-0.3mg/mL。
本发明还有一个目的是提供上述组合物的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将M胆碱受体阻滞剂和部分助悬剂加入水中混合,制得分散液或混合后再加入山苍子油、槲皮素、抗坏血酸钠,制得分散液;
(2)将糖皮质激素和β2受体激动剂加入上述分散液中,混合,再加入剩余助悬剂和润湿剂;搅拌均匀,补足水混合即得。
优选地,所述糖皮质激素的粒径为3-5μm;
优选地,步骤(1)的所述部分为助悬剂总质量的65-75%。
优选地,步骤(2)中,所述搅拌在高压均质机中进行,所述搅拌的转速为1000-1500rpm,所述搅拌的时间为30-50min;
本发明还有一个目的是提供含有上述组合物或上述制备方法制备得到的组合物的药物制剂,其药物制剂为吸入混悬剂;
优选药物制剂为吸入混悬剂,所述吸入混悬剂中还包括矫味剂、防腐剂和pH调节剂中的一种或几种。
优选地,所述矫味剂选自甘油、山梨醇、甘露醇、芳香糖浆类、薄荷油及香精中的一种或几种。
优选地,所述防腐剂选自苯甲酸、苯甲酸钠、对羟基苯甲酸酯类、山梨酸钾、甲酚、苯甲醇、乙醇和甘油中的一种或几种。
本发明还有一个重要目的是提供上述组合物或上述制备方法制备得到的组合物或上述药物制剂在制备治疗呼吸道疾病中的应用;
优选地,所述呼吸道疾病为急慢性支气管炎、支气管哮喘和/或慢性阻塞性肺疾病。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果:
(1)本发明采用特定的助悬剂复配,改善了药物的分散效果,且与润湿剂等其他成分复配,使得混悬剂的长期贮存,物理化学稳定性更好。
(2)本发明采用少量的植物多糖银耳多糖,不仅与聚乙二醇600、聚氧乙烯蓖麻油配伍,协同使布地奈德、特布他林等组分在水中的润湿性更强,长期放置不易沉淀,且银耳多糖本身具有一定的平喘功效,与山苍子油、槲皮素等协同发挥更好的治疗哮喘的作用,降低了毒副作用,提高了药物的安全性。
(3)本发明进一步对制备方法进行了研究,通过对助悬剂、润湿剂等附加剂与水分散混合的顺序等的工艺及均质参数的考察,得到了较优的制备工艺,其制得的混悬剂长期贮存稳定性更高,药物的均匀性更好。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明做进一步说明。以下原料均为市售常规原料。其中,布地奈德原料药的供应商为湖北葛店人福药业有限责任公司,粒径控制标准为D50:2.0~2.3μm,D90<5μm。银耳多糖的供应商为陕西弘肽生物科技有限公司,规格为50%,产品批号为HSSW-T671;山苍子油的供应商为江西鑫森天然植物油有限公司。
实施例1
本实施例治疗哮喘的吸入混悬剂,配方见表1。
表1
制备方法如下:
(1)将糖皮质激素和65%助悬剂加入适量水中搅拌混合,然后加入山苍子油、槲皮素、抗坏血酸钠搅拌,制得均匀的分散液;
(2)将β2受体激动剂、M胆碱受体阻滞剂加入上述分散液中,混合,再加入剩余助悬剂和润湿剂混合,在高压均质机中以1000rpm搅拌50min,补足水,混合即得。
实施例2
本实施例治疗哮喘的吸入混悬剂,配方见表2。
表2
制备方法如下:
(1)将糖皮质激素和70%助悬剂加入适量水中搅拌混合,然后加入山苍子油、槲皮素、抗坏血酸钠搅拌,制得均匀的分散液;
(2)将β2受体激动剂、M胆碱受体阻滞剂加入上述分散液中,混合,再加入剩余助悬剂和润湿剂混合,在高压均质机中以1200rpm搅拌40min,补足水,混合即得。
实施例3
本实施例治疗哮喘的吸入混悬剂,配方见表3。
表3
制备方法如下:
(1)将糖皮质激素和65%助悬剂加入适量水中搅拌混合,然后加入山苍子油、槲皮素、抗坏血酸钠搅拌,制得均匀的分散液;
(2)将β2受体激动剂、M胆碱受体阻滞剂加入上述分散液中,混合,再加入剩余助悬剂和润湿剂混合,在高压均质机中以1500rpm搅拌30min,补足水,混合即得。
实施例4
本实施例治疗哮喘的吸入混悬剂,配方见表4。
表4
制备方法如下:
(1)将糖皮质激素和75%助悬剂加入适量水中搅拌混合,然后加入山苍子油、槲皮素、抗坏血酸钠搅拌,制得均匀的分散液;
(2)将β2受体激动剂、M胆碱受体阻滞剂加入上述分散液中,混合,再加入剩余助悬剂和润湿剂混合,在高压均质机中以1000rpm搅拌50min,补足水,混合即得。
对比例1
本对比例配方如下表5:
表5
制备方法如下:
(1)将糖皮质激素和70%助悬剂加入适量水中搅拌混合,然后加入山苍子油、槲皮素、抗坏血酸钠搅拌,制得均匀的分散液;
(2)将β2受体激动剂、M胆碱受体阻滞剂加入上述分散液中,混合,再加入剩余助悬剂和润湿剂混合,在高压均质机中以1200rpm搅拌40min,补足水,混合即得。
对比例2
本对比例配方见表6。
表6
制备方法如下:
(1)将糖皮质激素和70%助悬剂加入适量水中搅拌混合,然后加入山苍子油、槲皮素、抗坏血酸钠搅拌,制得均匀的分散液;
(2)将β2受体激动剂、M胆碱受体阻滞剂加入上述分散液中,混合,再加入剩余助悬剂和润湿剂混合,在高压均质机中以1200rpm搅拌40min,补足水,混合即得。
对比例3
本对比例配方见表7。
表7
制备方法如下:
(1)将糖皮质激素和70%助悬剂加入适量水中搅拌混合,然后加入山苍子油、槲皮素、抗坏血酸钠搅拌,制得均匀的分散液;
(2)将β2受体激动剂、M胆碱受体阻滞剂加入上述分散液中,混合,再加入剩余助悬剂和润湿剂混合,在高压均质机中以1200rpm搅拌40min,补足水,混合即得。
对比例4
本对照组配方见表8。
表8
制备方法如下:
(1)将糖皮质激素和70%助悬剂加入适量水中搅拌混合,然后加入山苍子油、槲皮素、抗坏血酸钠搅拌,制得均匀的分散液;
(2)将β2受体激动剂、M胆碱受体阻滞剂加入上述分散液中,混合,再加入剩余助悬剂和润湿剂混合,在高压均质机中以1200rpm搅拌40min,补足水,混合即得。
对比例5
本对照组配方见表9。
表9
制备方法如下:
(1)将糖皮质激素和70%助悬剂加入适量水中搅拌混合,然后加入山苍子油、槲皮素、抗坏血酸钠搅拌,制得均匀的分散液;
(2)将β2受体激动剂、M胆碱受体阻滞剂加入上述分散液中,混合,再加入剩余助悬剂和润湿剂混合,在高压均质机中以1200rpm搅拌40min,补足水,混合即得。
实验一、空气动力学特性及递送特性研究
将实施例1-3和对比例1-5按照中国药典2020版四部通则的方法,通过BRS1100呼吸模拟器、NGI撞击器、高速喷雾粒度分析仪测定递送速率和递送总量、微细粒子分数、雾滴分布等关键质量影响指标(设定模式:成人呼吸,流速为15L/min),所有样品均采用普通市售包装,在温度30℃±2℃、相对湿度65%±5%的恒温恒湿箱中放置,3个月后,再次测定混悬液的上述关键质量属性指标,其结果如表10-14所示。
表10雾滴分布
表11
表12
表13
实验二、平喘药效学试验
2.1实验动物及造模
雄性豚鼠,体重300±20g,供应商为北京华阜康生物科技股份有限公司。在通过GLP认证的动物房自由饲养一周,然后将豚鼠置于密闭玻璃罩中,将事先临时配制好的引喘剂混合溶液(其试剂含有浓度为0.2%氯化乙酰胆碱和0.01%磷酸组胺),用定量雾化器喷入玻璃罩内,观察豚鼠的生理及行为学变化,待豚鼠出现剧烈喘息、翻滚和跌倒时,则为哮喘豚鼠,造模成功。
2.2分组与给药
将哮喘模型动物分为模型组、实施例1、2、3、4组、对比例1组、对比例3组、对比例4组;每组8只。在造模成功后第二天,模型组给予生理盐水,各组分别给予相应组的药物,给药方式为采用PARI BOY压缩雾化吸入机雾化后径口吸入,给药剂量如下表14所示,给药后1h,再次将豚鼠置于密闭玻璃罩内,并喷入引喘剂混合溶液(其含有浓度为0.2%氯化乙酰胆碱和0.01%磷酸组胺),记录豚鼠引喘潜伏期和跌倒情况。实验结果见表14。
表14
上述详细说明是针对本发明其中之一可行实施例的具体说明,该实施例并非用以限制本发明的专利范围,凡未脱离本发明所为的等效实施或变更,均应包含于本发明技术方案的范围内。
Claims (8)
1.一种治疗呼吸系统疾病的组合物,其特征在于,所述组合物的组分包括糖皮质激素、β2受体激动剂、M胆碱受体阻滞剂、助悬剂和润湿剂;
所述糖皮质激素选自布地奈德;所述β2受体激动剂选自特布他林、沙丁胺醇、福莫特罗、丙卡特罗、非诺特罗及其药学上可接受的盐中的至少一种;所述M胆碱受体阻滞剂选自异丙托溴铵、格隆溴铵及其任何药学上可接受的盐中的至少一种;所述糖皮质激素、β2受体激动剂和M胆碱受体阻滞剂在混悬剂中的浓度分别为0.20-0.50mg/mL、2.0-5.0mg/mL和0.1-0.3mg/mL;
所述助悬剂由质量比1:3-4的银耳多糖和聚乙二醇600复配而成;所述润湿剂为聚氧乙烯蓖麻油;所述组合物还包括以下组分:山苍子油、槲皮素、抗坏血酸钠,三种组分的质量比为5-10:3-6:1;
所述组合物的剂型为吸入混悬剂;
所述助悬剂在混悬剂中的质量百分数为0.005-0.1%;
所述润湿剂在混悬剂中的质量百分数为0.001-0.05%;
所述山苍子油、槲皮素和抗坏血酸钠在混悬剂中质量百分数为0.01-0.03%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的组合物,其特征在于,所述助悬剂在混悬剂中的质量百分数为0.01-0.05%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的组合物,其特征在于,所述润湿剂在混悬剂中的质量百分数为0.005-0.01%。
4.一种权利要求1-3任意一项所述的组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)将糖皮质激素和部分助悬剂加入水中混合,制得分散液;或混合后再加入山苍子油、槲皮素、抗坏血酸钠,制得分散液;所述部分为助悬剂总质量的65-75%;
(2)将M胆碱受体阻滞剂和β2受体激动剂加入上述分散液中,混合,再加入剩余助悬剂和润湿剂;搅拌均匀,补足水混合即得。
5.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中所述糖皮质激素的粒径为3-5μm。
6.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,所述搅拌在高压均质机中进行,所述搅拌的转速为1000-1500rpm,所述搅拌的时间为30-50min。
7.一种含有权利要求1-3任意一项所述的组合物或权利要求4-6任意一项所述的制备方法制备得到的组合物的药物制剂。
8.一种权利要求1-3任意一项所述的组合物或权利要求4-6任意一项所述的制备方法制备得到的组合物在制备治疗呼吸道疾病药物中的应用,所述呼吸道疾病为急慢性支气管炎、支气管哮喘和/或慢性阻塞性肺疾病。
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CN1753678A (zh) * | 2003-02-27 | 2006-03-29 | 奇斯药制品公司 | 包含高效长效β2-激动剂和其它活性成分的药物组合物 |
CN1984653A (zh) * | 2004-07-15 | 2007-06-20 | 阿斯利康(瑞典)有限公司 | 抑制素与支气管扩张药的组合 |
CN104208701A (zh) * | 2013-05-29 | 2014-12-17 | 天津金耀集团有限公司 | 含有抗真菌药物的复方吸入制剂 |
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CN1984653A (zh) * | 2004-07-15 | 2007-06-20 | 阿斯利康(瑞典)有限公司 | 抑制素与支气管扩张药的组合 |
CN104208701A (zh) * | 2013-05-29 | 2014-12-17 | 天津金耀集团有限公司 | 含有抗真菌药物的复方吸入制剂 |
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