CN115319282A - 激光熔接方法、熔接结构以及汇流条模块 - Google Patents
激光熔接方法、熔接结构以及汇流条模块 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供能够抑制基于激光熔接而形成的接合部的熔接不良情况的激光熔接方法、熔接结构和汇流条模块。激光熔接方法在使汇流条(2)和中间部件(6)重叠的状态下向中间部件的表面照射激光而将汇流条和中间部件接合,在该激光熔接方法中,具备:第一熔接工序,在从与中间部件(6)的表面(6a)正交的方向观察时,使激光(LB)从熔接起点(20)以C字状移动至熔接中间点(21)从而形成第一熔接线(11);和第二熔接工序,使激光(LB)从熔接中间点(21)移动至熔接终点(22)来形成与第一熔接线连续的第二熔接线(12),熔接终点(22)位于在与熔接起点(20)和熔接中间点(21)相比靠第一熔接线(11)的内侧形成的熔接区域(30)内。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及激光熔接方法、熔接结构以及汇流条模块。
背景技术
以往,在搭载于汽车等的二次电池中,为了检测该二次电池的电压,通过焊接将FPC(印刷电路体)接合于金属制的汇流条。近年来,将进行了表面电镀的铝制的中间部件配置在汇流条与FPC之间,将该中间部件与FPC焊料接合,将该中间部件与汇流条进行激光熔接,从而将汇流条与FPC经由中间部件而连接。
另外,在激光熔接中,有这样一种方法:在将两片板状的被熔接部件重叠的基础上,向被熔接部件的重叠部位照射激光而熔接。在该情况下,公开了将直径互不相同的圆形的熔接线设定为同心圆状,一边沿着这些多重闭环的熔接线照射激光一边使该激光移动而将被熔接材料彼此进行激光熔接接合的方法(例如,参照专利文献1、2)。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2012-125829号公报
专利文献2:国际公开第2015/186168号
发明内容
发明欲解决的技术问题
然而,在被熔接部件中,由于存在铝以外的金属(例如,锡、铝合金等),有时在熔融部生成金属间化合物。另外,由于存在熔点不同的金属,因此有可能因凝固收缩而在熔接终点产生凝固裂纹、气孔等熔接不良情况,存在改善的余地。
本发明是鉴于上述课题而完成的,其目的在于提供一种激光熔接方法、熔接结构以及汇流条模块,其能够抑制基于激光熔接而形成的接合部的熔接不良情况的。
用于解决问题的技术手段
为了实现上述目的,本发明涉及的激光熔接方法的特征在于,在使板状的第一被熔接部件和第二被熔接部件重叠的状态下,对所述第一被熔接部件和第二被熔接部件中的任一者的表面照射激光,将所述第一被熔接部件和所述第二被熔接部件接合,所述激光熔接方法包括:第一熔接工序,在从与所述被熔接部件的表面正交的方向观察时,使所述激光从熔接起点以C字状移动至熔接中间点从而形成第一熔接线;以及第二熔接工序,使所述激光从所述熔接中间点移动至熔接终点从而形成与所述第一熔接线连续的第二熔接线,所述熔接终点位于在与所述熔接起点和所述熔接中间点相比靠所述第一熔接线的内侧形成的熔接区域内。
发明效果
根据本发明所涉及的激光熔接方法、熔接结构以及汇流条模块,起到能够抑制基于激光熔接而形成的接合部的熔接不良这样的效果。
附图说明
图1是实施方式所涉及的汇流条模块及电池模块的立体图。
图2是实施方式所涉及的汇流条模块的分解立体图。
图3是实施方式所涉及的印刷电路体以及汇流条的俯视图。
图4是实施方式所涉及的印刷电路体以及汇流条与中间部件的接合部的立体图。
图5是实施方式所涉及的中间部件的激光熔接接合部的俯视图。
图6是实施方式的变形例所涉及的中间部件的激光熔接接合部的俯视图。
图7是激光熔接机的示意图。
图8是表示激光熔接时的熔融金属的状态的示意图。
符号说明
1 汇流条模块
2 汇流条
3 印刷电路体
4 壳体
5 罩
6 中间部件
6a 表面
10 激光熔接接合部
11 第一熔接線
12 第二熔接線
15 焊料熔接接合部
20 熔接起点
21 熔接中间点
22 熔接终点
30 熔接区域
32、33 重叠区域
100 电池组
110 电池模块
120 电池单元
121 电极端子
200 激光熔接装置
201 激光振荡器
202 激光照射部
203 载置台
LB 激光
具体实施方式
以下,参照附图对本发明所涉及的激光熔接方法、熔接结构以及汇流条模块的实施方式详细地进行说明。需要说明的是,本发明不限于本实施方式。另外,在下述实施方式的构成要素中包含本领域技术人员能够且容易想到的或者实质上相同的要素。另外,下述实施方式的构成要素在不脱离发明的主旨的范围内能够进行各种省略、替换、变更。
[实施方式]
实施方式涉及的汇流条模块1例如组装于图1所示的电池组100。电池组100包括汇流条模块1和电池模块110。电池组100作为电源而搭载于电动汽车(EV)、混合动力电动汽车(HEV)、插电式混合动力电动汽车(PHEV)等车辆中。电池组100也可以具有多个汇流条模块1以及多个电池模块110。
电池模块110具有多个电池单元120。例示的电池单元120的形状为长方体形状。在电池单元120的第一面120a配置有两个电极端子121。第一面120a的形状为大致长方形。
多个电池单元120沿着第一方向X排列。更详细而言,多个电池单元120以第一面120a的长边与所邻接的其他第一面120a的长边在第一方向X上对置的方式排列。在以下的说明中,将第一面120a中的与第一方向X正交的方向称为“第二方向Y”。第二方向Y是第一面120a的长边方向。将与第一方向X和第二方向Y均正交的方向称为“第三方向Z”。第三方向Z是电池单元120的高度方向。第一面120a与第三方向Z正交。电池组100例如以第一面120a朝向车辆上下方向的上侧的方式搭载于车辆。
第一面120a的两个电极端子121在第二方向Y上排列。第一面120a的两个电极端子121中的一个是正极,另一个是负极。将配置于第一面120a的长边方向一端的电极端子121的集合体称为“第一电极组121a”。另外,将配置于第一面120a的长边方向另一端的电极端子121的集合体称为“第二电极组121b”。在本实施方式的电池模块110中,在第一电极组121a中,正极和负极交替地排列。另外,在第二电极组121b中,正极和负极交替地排列。本实施方式的汇流条模块1将多个电池单元120串联连接。
汇流条模块1具有多个汇流条2、板状的印刷电路体3、壳体4以及罩5。如图2和图3所示,汇流条模块1具有第一汇流条组2A和第二汇流条组2B。第一汇流条组2A和第二汇流条组2B具有沿着第一方向X排列的多个汇流条2。第一汇流条组2A的汇流条2固定于电池模块110的第一电极组121a。第二汇流条组2B的汇流条2固定于第二电极组121b。
汇流条2例如由铜、铝等具有导电性的金属板形成,与构成电池模块110的电池单元120的电极端子121连接。汇流条2是被熔接部件的一个例子。
印刷电路体3例如是FPC(Flexible printed circuits,柔性印刷电路),具有挠性,与检测电池单元120的电压的电压检测器(未图示)连接。
中间部件6例如由铝等具有导电性的金属板形成,实施了镀敷处理。中间部件6是被熔接部件的一个例子。中间部件6例如对板状的铝制金属部件的整体实施镍基底的镀锡处理。本实施方式的中间部件6优选由与汇流条2不同的金属材料形成,但也可以由与汇流条2相同的金属材料形成,并且利用与汇流条2不同的金属材料实施镀敷处理。中间部件6介于汇流条2与印刷电路体3之间,将汇流条2与印刷电路体3物理连接且电连接。中间部件6在该中间部件6组装于汇流条模块1的状态下,在延伸方向上延伸,延伸方向上的一个端部与印刷电路体3之间通过焊接而被焊料接合,另一个端部与汇流条2之间通过激光熔接而被激光熔接接合。中间部件6在印刷电路体侧的端部具有矩形状的贯通孔,且配置成在印刷电路体3与中间部件6在厚度方向上重叠的状态下,印刷电路体3的贴片保险丝在该贯通孔中露出。
如图4至图6所示,本实施方式的汇流条模块1具有激光熔接接合部10,该激光熔接接合部10形成于汇流条2和中间部件6在厚度方向上重叠的重叠区域32内,并通过进行激光熔接接合从而将汇流条2和中间部件6电连接。另外,如图4所示,本实施方式的汇流条模块1具有焊料熔接接合部15,该焊料熔接接合部15形成于印刷电路体3和中间部件6在厚度方向上重叠的重叠区域33内,并通过进行焊料接合从而将印刷电路体3和中间部件6电连接。重叠区域32例如是激光LB的照射范围,是基于激光熔接的熔接范围。重叠区域33例如是焊接的范围。
在激光熔接接合部10中,在从与中间部件6的表面6a正交的方向观察时,从熔接起点20到熔接中间点21以C字状形成有第一熔接线11,并且从熔接中间点21到熔接终点22形成有与第一熔接线11连续的第二熔接线12,该熔接终点22位于在与熔接起点20及熔接中间点21相比更靠第一熔接线11的内侧形成的熔接区域30内。在图5所示的例子中,熔接起点20位于重叠区域32内且位于中间部件6的延伸方向的一个端部侧,但并不限定于此。熔接中间点21处于连续的第一熔接线11和第二熔接线12上且是向熔接区域30侧弯曲的部分。熔接终点22在例如从与中间部件6的表面6a正交的方向观察时,位于由第一熔接线11形成的C字形的大致中央。激光熔接接合部10例如利用图7所示的激光熔接装置200形成。
图7所示的激光熔接装置200是用于实施本实施方式的激光熔接方法的装置,其向2个被熔接部件中的一者照射激光LB以将2个被熔接部件接合。激光熔接装置200具备激光振荡器201、激光照射部202、载置台203。激光振荡器201以恒定的重复频率振荡出脉冲状的输出。激光照射部202对载置于载置台203的被熔接部件照射激光LB。从激光照射部202照射的激光LB的光轴朝向2个被熔接部件中的一个被熔接部件的表面。此时,2个被熔接部件、即中间部件6与汇流条2重叠配置。激光LB以在中间部件6和汇流条2在厚度方向上重叠而成的重叠区域32上移动的方式照射。由于向中间部件6的表面6a照射激光LB,从而局部温度上升,若超过中间部件6的熔点,则以适当深度的楔状熔化至汇流条2的内部,两金属原子融合而成为混杂的半捏合状态。若激光LB向熔接方向移动,则如图8所示,在激光LB正下方的位置Q处温度高,熔池R比位置P的深度深,在熔池R的内部产生熔融流动S。也存在在熔池R的周围产生气孔的情况。在中间部件6的位置P,温度低而在图示的箭头方向上产生凝固收缩。在该情况下,凝固收缩的量由熔池R补足而成为收缩应变少的状态。这样,以使熔接终点22位于熔接区域30内的方式使激光LB移动进行熔接。
激光熔接方法具备第一熔接工序和第二熔接工序。如图5所示,在第一熔接工序中,在从与中间部件6的表面6a正交的方向观察时,使激光LB从熔接起点20至熔接中间点21以C字状移动而形成第一熔接线11。在第二熔接工序中,使激光LB从熔接中间点21移动至熔接终点22从而形成与第一熔接线11连续的第二熔接线12,熔接终点22位于在比熔接起点20和熔接中间点21靠第一熔接线11的内侧形成的熔接区域30内。
在本实施方式的激光熔接方法中,在从与中间部件6的表面6a正交的方向观察时,使激光LB从熔接起点20至熔接中间点21以C字状移动而形成第一熔接线11,并使激光LB从熔接中间点21移动至熔接终点22而形成与第一熔接线11连续的第二熔接线12,该熔接终点22位于在与熔接起点20和熔接中间点21相比更靠第一熔接线11内侧形成的熔接区域30内。
这样,与以往那样仅是将熔接线形成为C字状的情况相比,本激光熔接方法通过以熔接终点22位于周围被熔接的熔接区域30内的方式形成熔接线11、12,从而能够缓和由于凝固收缩而产生的应力集中于熔接终点22的情况。另外,与以往那样仅是将熔接线(扫描距离)形成为C字状的情况相比,本激光熔接方法能够延长熔接线,能够抑制熔接终点22处的裂纹的产生、发展。裂纹例如是在铝晶界形成Al-Ni金属间化合物,由于凝固时的收缩应变而在铝晶粒间产生的裂纹。
以往,为了抑制熔接终点22处的裂纹等的产生,将熔接终点22处的激光输出降低以减少产生的热量从而减少凝固收缩的影响,但在该情况下,熔接线的长度是必须的。根据上述方法,即使在狭窄的熔接范围内,也能够确保熔接线的长度。
本实施方式的熔接结构具有中间部件6、汇流条2和激光熔接接合部10。激光熔接接合部10形成在由中间部件6和汇流条2在厚度方向上重叠而成的重叠区域32内,并且,通过进行激光熔接接合,从而将中间部件6和汇流条2电连接。激光熔接接合部10在从与中间部件6的表面6a正交的方向观察时,从熔接起点20到熔接中间点21以C字状形成有第一熔接线11,并且从熔接中间点21到熔接终点22形成有与第一熔接线11连续的第二熔接线12,熔接终点22位于在与熔接起点20及熔接中间点21相比靠第一熔接线11内侧形成的熔接区域30内。由此,能够起到与通过上述激光熔接方法得到的效果同样的效果。
本实施方式的汇流条模块1具有:印刷电路体3;中间部件6;汇流条2;焊料熔接接合部15,其形成于重叠区域33内且通过进行焊料接合而将印刷电路体3和中间部件6电性连接;以及激光熔接接合部10,其形成于重叠区域32内且通过进行激光熔接接合将汇流条2和中间部件6电连接。在激光熔接接合部10中,在从与中间部件6的表面6a正交的方向观察时,从熔接起点20到熔接中间点21以C字状形成有第一熔接线11,从熔接中间点21到熔接终点22形成有与第一熔接线11连续的第二熔接线12,熔接终点22位于在与熔接起点20和熔接中间点21相比靠第一熔接线11内侧形成的熔接区域30内。由此,能够起到与通过上述激光熔接方法得到的效果同样的效果。
另外,在上述实施方式中,从与中间部件6的表面6a正交的方向观察时,熔接终点22位于由第一熔接线11形成的C字形的大致中央,但并不限定于此。例如,如图6所示,熔接终点22也可以形成为处于熔接区域30内且位于与熔接中间点21侧相比更靠近熔接起点20侧的位置。在该情况下,第二熔接工序使激光LB移动至熔接区域30中的与熔接中间点21侧相比更靠近熔接起点20侧的熔接终点22,以形成第二熔接线12。由此,能够减少热量对熔接终点22的影响。
另外,在上述实施方式中,熔接终点22位于熔接区域30内,但并不限定于此,只要在不产生熔接不良的范围,则也可以形成为位于熔接起点20的相反侧。
另外,在上述实施方式中,中间部件6对铝制金属部件整体实施了镍基底的镀锡处理,但并不限定于此,也可以由其他金属材料实施镀敷处理。
另外,在上述实施方式中,在使汇流条2和中间部件6重叠的状态下,对中间部件6的表面6a进行激光熔接接合,但并不限于此,也可以构成为对汇流条2的表面进行激光熔接接合。
另外,在上述实施方式中,对将本发明的激光熔接方法、熔接结构应用于汇流条模块1的情况进行了说明,但并不限于此。
Claims (4)
1.一种激光熔接方法,其特征在于,
在使板状的第一被熔接部件和第二被熔接部件重叠的状态下,对所述第一被熔接部件和第二被熔接部件中的任一者的表面照射激光,将所述第一被熔接部件和所述第二被熔接部件接合,
所述激光熔接方法包括:
第一熔接工序,在从与所述被熔接部件的表面正交的方向观察时,使所述激光从熔接起点以C字状移动至熔接中间点,从而形成第一熔接线;以及
第二熔接工序,使所述激光从所述熔接中间点移动至熔接终点从而形成与所述第一熔接线连续的第二熔接线,所述熔接终点位于在与所述熔接起点和所述熔接中间点相比靠所述第一熔接线的内侧形成的熔接区域内。
2.根据权利要求1所述的激光熔接方法,其中,
在所述第二熔接工序中,
使所述激光移动至所述熔接终点从而形成所述第二熔接线,所述熔接终点位于所述熔接区域内的与所述熔接中间点侧相比更靠近所述熔接起点侧的位置。
3.一种熔接结构,其特征在于,具有:
第一被熔接部件,所述第一被熔接部件为板状且具有导电性;
第二被熔接部件,所述第二被熔接部件为板状且具有导电性;以及
激光熔接接合部,所述激光熔接接合部形成在由所述第一被熔接部件和所述第二被熔接部件在厚度方向上重叠而成的重叠区域内,并且通过进行激光熔接接合从而将所述第一被熔接部件和所述第二被熔接部件电连接,
在从与所述第一被熔接部件的表面正交的方向观察时,所述激光熔接接合部从熔接起点到熔接中间点以C字状形成第一熔接线,并且从所述熔接中间点到熔接终点形成与所述第一熔接线连续的第二熔接线,所述熔接终点位于在与所述熔接起点以及所述熔接中间点相比更靠所述第一熔接线的内侧形成的熔接区域内。
4.一种汇流条模块,其特征在于,具有:
印刷电路体,所述印刷电路体具有挠性且与检测电池单元的电压的电压检测器连接;
板状的中间部件;
汇流条,所述汇流条为板状且与构成电池模块的电池单元的电极端子连接;
焊料熔接接合部,所述焊料熔接接合部形成在由所述印刷电路体与所述中间部件在厚度方向上重叠而成的重叠区域内,并且通过进行焊料接合从而将所述印刷电路体和所述中间部件电连接;以及
激光熔接接合部,所述激光熔接接合部形成在由所述汇流条和所述中间部件在厚度方向上重叠而成的重叠区域内,并且通过进行激光熔接接合从而将所述汇流条和所述中间部件电连接,
所述中间部件和所述汇流条由互不相同的金属材料构成,
在从与所述中间部件的表面正交的方向观察时,所述激光熔接接合部从熔接起点到熔接中间点以C字状形成第一熔接线,并且从所述熔接中间点到熔接终点形成与所述第一熔接线连续的第二熔接线,所述熔接终点位于在与所述熔接起点和所述熔接中间点相比靠所述第一熔接线的内侧形成的熔接区域内。
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