CN115317663B - 一种持续抗感染复合骨粉及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种持续抗感染复合骨粉及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115317663B CN115317663B CN202211105879.7A CN202211105879A CN115317663B CN 115317663 B CN115317663 B CN 115317663B CN 202211105879 A CN202211105879 A CN 202211105879A CN 115317663 B CN115317663 B CN 115317663B
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- bone powder
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种持续抗感染复合骨粉及其制备方法和应用,包括以下步骤:取动物松质骨,经脱脂脱蛋白处理和煅烧处理,制成煅烧骨粉;将煅烧骨粉置于纳米银溶液中浸润,使纳米银附着在煅烧骨粉上,得到抗感染骨粉;将抗感染骨粉置于海藻酸钠溶液中,均匀浸润后干燥,得到带海藻酸钠的中间粉体;中间粉体上的海藻酸钠通过离子交联螯合二价阳离子,在抗感染骨粉上复合水凝胶薄膜,得到持续抗感染复合骨粉。本发明制备步骤简单方便,所得复合骨粉能极好地控制纳米银释放的速率,增加了复合骨粉的成骨能力并且达到了长效抗菌的作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物医用材料领域,具体涉及一种持续抗感染复合骨粉及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
随着人们生活水平的提高,越来越多的缺牙患者选择种植修复作为恢复牙列完整性的首选修复治疗方案。然而,因牙周病、外伤、肿瘤、先天性疾病和缺牙时间较长等因素导致牙槽骨骨量不足的患者需要在种植手术的同期或者分期进行骨增量手术,目前最常用的方法是局部植入骨组织替代材料。同时,近年来糖尿病患者的数量急剧增加,作为口腔种植手术的相对禁忌症,糖尿病患者种植手术往往难以成功。一方面因长期代谢紊乱导致机体抵抗力降低,高血糖状态加速了细菌在术区繁殖,因此局部感染率高,创口不易愈合;另一方面,糖尿病患者存在骨代谢异常、骨改建及骨整合障碍、种植体与骨结合不良等问题,常伴有骨缺损甚至骨质疏松,成骨修复效率低,恢复周期长等其他不良后果。
牙科临床应用广泛的天然植入性骨粉材料多为煅烧异种骨,是一种主要来源于猪及牛的天然生物支架材料,主要成分是磷酸钙。该材料具有与人骨相似的良好孔隙结构,这种孔隙结构便于成骨细胞附着以及促进骨愈合相关药物的搭载,同时其降解后生成的磷酸根及钙离子也可促进骨细胞的生长及骨的形成。煅烧异种骨虽然具有多种优势,但其无法解决骨修复过程中潜在的感染问题、缺少更多的促骨生成因子,且针对糖尿病患者而言,无法有效解决牙槽骨愈合不良且再生困难的难题,致使该类患者的牙颌缺损无法得到有效的修复和治疗。因此,如何有效解决糖尿病患者术区局部感染率高、骨再生效果差、恢复周期长等问题,是新一代骨粉材料亟待解决的重要问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述技术不足,提供一种持续抗感染复合骨粉及其制备方法和应用,解决现有技术中骨粉材料抗感染性差、促骨生成因子较少导致成骨能力交叉的技术问题。
为达到上述技术目的,本发明的技术方案提供一种持续抗感染复合骨粉的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)取动物松质骨,经脱脂脱蛋白处理和煅烧处理,制成煅烧骨粉;
(2)将煅烧骨粉置于纳米银溶液中浸润,使纳米银附着在煅烧骨粉上,得到抗感染骨粉;
(3)将抗感染骨粉置于海藻酸钠溶液中,均匀浸润后干燥,得到带海藻酸钠的中间粉体;中间粉体上的海藻酸钠通过离子交联螯合二价阳离子,在抗感染骨粉上复合水凝胶薄膜,得到持续抗感染复合骨粉。
进一步地,步骤(1)中,动物松质骨来源于乳牛的股骨、乳牛的胫骨或猪的股骨。
进一步地,步骤(1)中,脱脂脱蛋白处理是将松质骨切块后煮沸干燥,再浸泡在NaOH溶液与双氧水中过夜处理,超声清洗后加入焦磷酸钠溶液油浴处理,最后水洗至中性。
更进一步地,焦磷酸钠溶液的浓度为0.05~0.1M;油浴处理是在不超过200℃油浴6~12h。
进一步地,步骤(1)中,煅烧处理是在650~850℃烧结1~8h。
进一步地,步骤(1)中,煅烧处理后的产物进行球磨过筛,选取直径在0.01~2mm的颗粒清洗干燥作为煅烧骨粉。
进一步地,步骤(2)中,煅烧骨粉置于纳米银溶液中浸润6~72h。更进一步优选为浸润6~18h,最优值为12h。
进一步地,步骤(2)中,纳米银溶液的浓度为0.0001~0.1mol/L;更进一步优选为0.1~10mmol/L。
进一步地,步骤(2)中,煅烧骨粉和纳米银溶液的体积比为1:(1~1000)。更进一步优选为1:(1~10),在此优选范围内所得产物性能相近。
进一步地,所述海藻酸钠溶液的质量浓度为0.5~10%;抗感染骨粉和海藻酸钠溶液的体积比为1:(4~6)。更进一步地,海藻酸钠溶液的质量浓度为0.5~2.5%,在此优选范围内所得产物性能相近。
进一步地,步骤(3)中,二价阳离子包括Ca2+、Ba2+或Zn2+;二价阳离子与海藻酸钠的摩尔比为2:1。
进一步地,步骤(3)中均匀浸润的时间为25~35min;干燥是自然风干。此处避免采用烘箱烘干,温度过高会使海藻酸盐呈焦褐状。
进一步地,离子交联过程中,二价阳离子以氯盐溶液的形式添加到中间粉体上,所述氯盐溶液的质量浓度在1~2.5%。
进一步地,所述氯盐溶液和中间粉体混合后直接抽滤、水洗至中性,再冷冻干燥,得到持续抗感染复合骨粉。
本发明中采用低浓度交联的方式,且在添加氯盐溶液后直接抽滤,有效防止骨粉结块。
如上制备方法制得的持续抗感染复合骨粉。
如上持续抗感染复合骨粉作为牙槽骨修复再生材料的应用。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果包括:
本发明制得的煅烧骨粉具有良好的孔隙结构,为干细胞提供良好的附着位点,起到引导骨组织再生的作用;所制备煅烧骨粉复合纳米银后,具有了纳米银的杀菌抗炎的功效;再复合水凝胶薄膜,不仅增加了提供了矿化位点,还能极好地控制纳米银释放的速率,增加了复合骨粉的成骨能力并且达到了长效抗菌的作用。本发明制备步骤简单方便,所得复合骨粉持续抗菌效果优良,能够解决糖尿病患者在种植修复手术过程中及后续恢复过程中骨愈合不良及骨再生困难且恢复时间长的临床问题。
附图说明
图1是本发明产品实物图。
图2是本发明实施例3-5浸泡纳米银溶液不同时间后上清液取样,(1)为浸泡24h得到透明色上清液;(2)为浸泡12h,得到黄色上清液;(3)为浸泡6h,得到棕色上清液。
图3是FTIR检测图;图中曲线从下往上依次为1:锻烧骨粉,2:抗感染骨粉,3:持续抗感染复合骨粉。
图4为不同放大倍数下产物的SEM图;其中a为100×,b为20000×,下标1、2、3分别表示煅烧骨粉、抗感染骨粉和持续抗感染复合骨粉。
图5为不同产品的孔隙率;其中,A为煅烧骨粉(实施例1);B为持续抗感染复合骨粉(实施例6);C为Ba2+骨粉(实施例9);D为Zn2+骨粉(实施例10);E为5%CaCl2骨粉(实施例7);F为8%CaCl2骨粉(实施例8);
图6为抗菌实验效果图。
图7为随时间变化银离子释放浓度;Ag为抗感染骨粉(实施例4),SA为持续抗感染复合骨粉(实施例6)。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
本发明主要要克服的难点:
本发明采用的纳米银具有独特的物理化学性质,已被证明可用作新型抗菌剂。纳米银通过改变细胞膜的通透性、释放阴离子破坏细菌DNA、降低脱氢酶活性来达到抗菌的效果。但是纳米银在人体流动的环境中消耗极快,必须控制其释放率才能达到长效抗菌效果。
海藻酸盐水凝胶是由海藻酸钠通过离子交联螯合了二价阳离子形成的水凝胶,由于其成胶速度快、成膜密致、生物相容性极好,且可完全降解、廉价易得,在药物缓控释放的领域中应用广泛;同时,海藻酸盐具有的羧基可提供矿化位点,利于磷灰石的生成,从而促进骨的生长。但现有海藻酸盐水凝胶制膜工艺少有针对三维立体结构物质的相关研究。
基于以上优点和难点,本发明结合海藻酸盐水凝胶的缓释能力以及纳米银优异的抗菌能力,将其负载于具有可诱导骨生成的锻烧异种骨支架材料上,既能促进骨的修复,又可以长效性抵抗糖尿病人手术过程中以及术后可能出现的细菌感染现象,大大提高了糖尿病患者骨修复手术成功率。并且解决了海藻酸盐水凝胶易团聚不均匀的问题,得到了适宜的、可以在三维立体结构物体表面快速成膜的配比浓度体系。
本发明制备了一种持续抗感染且促进骨再生的复合骨粉,能够促进糖尿病患者牙槽骨修复再生;本发明主要作用机理如下:
1.针对糖尿病患者在种植手术及恢复过程中高感染率的问题,本发明通过适量纳米银掺杂,依靠银离子的固有抗菌性能,旨在有效避免感染因素造成的手术失败。
2.针对糖尿病患者恢复时间较常人更长的问题长,本发明复合海藻酸盐形成膜,对抗菌锻烧骨银离子释放起到缓释作用,延长了银离子的释放周期,使其更加贴合糖尿病人的恢复周期。
3.针对水凝胶覆膜在多孔支架上覆膜厚或者工艺复杂的问题,本发明使用低浓度交联的方式将海藻酸盐水凝胶成功搭载于煅烧骨粉上,此种交联方式所附水凝胶膜的厚度较小,不会影响支架的孔隙结构。
4.针对锻烧骨缺少更多的促骨生成因子,本发明通过加入含有羟基的海藻酸盐,引入矿化位点,促使海藻酸盐表面附着磷灰石等物质,促进骨生长。
下面通过具体的实施例/对比例对本发明做进一步详细说明。
实施例1(煅烧骨粉)
从乳牛的股骨、胫骨或猪的股骨中分离出松质骨,将松质骨切成不超过5*5*5cm的适宜大小,然后进行煮沸和干燥。处理后的松质骨分别浸泡在0.5M NaOH溶液与30%双氧水中过夜处理,超声清洗后加入0.1M焦磷酸钠溶液不超过200℃油浴12h,最后用大量蒸馏水洗至PH=7,再放入马弗炉800℃高温烧结2h,取出球磨,过筛并选取直径在0.2-1mm的颗粒,用无水乙醇和去离子水交替超声清洗三次,干燥,最后获得煅烧骨粉。
实施例2(煅烧骨粉)
从乳牛的股骨、胫骨或猪的股骨中分离出松质骨,将松质骨切成不超过5*5*5cm的适宜大小,然后进行煮沸和干燥。处理后的松质骨分别浸泡在30%双氧水中过夜处理,再浸泡于甲醇氯仿混合液过夜处理,甲醇:氯仿摩尔比1:1,超声清洗后加入0.1M焦磷酸钠溶液不超过200℃油浴12h,最后用大量蒸馏水洗至PH=7,再放入马弗炉在700℃高温烧结2h,取出球磨,过筛并选取直径在0.2-1mm的颗粒,用无水乙醇和去离子水交替超声清洗三次,干燥,最后获得煅烧骨粉。
实施例3(抗感染骨粉)
从乳牛的股骨、胫骨或猪的股骨中分离出松质骨,将松质骨切成不超过5*5*5cm的适宜大小,然后进行煮沸和干燥。处理后的松质骨分别浸泡在0.5M NaOH溶液与30%双氧水中过夜处理,超声清洗后加入0.1M焦磷酸钠溶液不超过200℃油浴12h,最后用大量蒸馏水洗至PH=7,再放入马弗炉800℃高温烧结2h,取出球磨,过筛并选取直径在0.2-1mm的颗粒,用无水乙醇和去离子水交替超声清洗三次,干燥,最后获得骨粉,将骨粉置于10-3M的纳米银溶液浸润6h,使纳米银附着,骨粉与纳米银溶液体积比为1:2;去离子水清洗至冲洗液澄清,烘干,得到成品抗感染骨粉。
实施例4(抗感染骨粉)
从乳牛的股骨、胫骨或猪的股骨中分离出松质骨,将松质骨切成不超过5*5*5cm的适宜大小,然后进行煮沸和干燥。处理后的松质骨分别浸泡在0.5M NaOH溶液与30%双氧水中过夜处理,超声清洗后加入0.1M焦磷酸钠溶液不超过200℃油浴12h,最后用大量蒸馏水洗至PH=7,再放入马弗炉800℃高温烧结2h,取出球磨,过筛并选取直径在0.2-1mm的颗粒,用无水乙醇和去离子水交替超声清洗三次,干燥,最后获得骨粉,将骨粉置于10-3M的纳米银溶液浸润12h,使纳米银附着,骨粉与纳米银溶液体积比为1:2;去离子水清洗至冲洗液澄清,烘干,得到成品抗感染骨粉。
实施例5(抗感染骨粉)
从乳牛的股骨、胫骨或猪的股骨中分离出松质骨,将松质骨切成不超过5*5*5cm的适宜大小,然后进行煮沸和干燥。处理后的松质骨分别浸泡在0.5M NaOH溶液与30%双氧水中过夜处理,超声清洗后加入0.1M焦磷酸钠溶液不超过200℃油浴12h,最后用大量蒸馏水洗至PH=7,再放入马弗炉800℃高温烧结2h,取出球磨,过筛并选取直径在0.2-1mm的颗粒,用无水乙醇和去离子水交替超声清洗三次,干燥,最后获得骨粉,将骨粉置于10-3M的纳米银溶液浸润24h,使纳米银附着,骨粉与纳米银溶液体积比为1:2;去离子水清洗至冲洗液澄清,烘干,得到成品抗感染骨粉。
实施例6(持续抗感染复合骨粉)
从乳牛的股骨、胫骨或猪的股骨中分离出松质骨,将松质骨切成不超过5*5*5cm的适宜大小,然后进行煮沸和干燥。处理后的松质骨分别浸泡在0.5M NaOH溶液与30%双氧水中过夜处理,超声清洗后加入0.1M焦磷酸钠溶液不超过200℃油浴12h,最后用大量蒸馏水洗至PH=7,再放入马弗炉800℃高温烧结2h,取出球磨,过筛并选取直径在0.2-1mm的颗粒,用无水乙醇和去离子水交替超声清洗三次,干燥,最后获得煅烧骨粉。
将煅烧骨粉置于10-3M的纳米银溶液浸润6h,使纳米银附着,煅烧骨粉与纳米银溶液体积比为1:2;去离子水清洗至冲洗液澄清,烘干,得到抗感染骨粉。
取2%wt的海藻酸钠溶液,常温下磁力搅拌,配置成均匀的浸润液,按抗感染骨粉和海藻酸钠溶液的体积比为1:5混合,浸润抗感染骨粉30min,均匀浸润后自然风干。通过低浓度交联的方式,滴加2%CaCl2溶液交联处理(直接抽滤即可,防止结块),氯化钙与海藻酸钠的摩尔比为1:1;然后用大量的去离子水洗涤至中性,冷冻干燥一天以上,即得成品持续抗感染复合骨粉。
实施例7(持续抗感染复合骨粉)
从乳牛的股骨、胫骨或猪的股骨中分离出松质骨,将松质骨切成不超过5*5*5cm的适宜大小,然后进行煮沸和干燥。处理后的松质骨分别浸泡在0.5M NaOH溶液与30%双氧水中过夜处理,超声清洗后加入0.1M焦磷酸钠溶液不超过200℃油浴12h,最后用大量蒸馏水洗至PH=7,再放入马弗炉800℃高温烧结2h,取出球磨,过筛并选取直径在0.2-1mm的颗粒,用无水乙醇和去离子水交替超声清洗三次,干燥,获得煅烧骨粉。
将煅烧骨粉置于10-3M的纳米银溶液浸润6h,使纳米银附着,煅烧骨粉与纳米银溶液体积比为1:2;去离子水清洗至冲洗液澄清,烘干,得到抗感染骨粉。
取2%wt的海藻酸钠溶液,常温下磁力搅拌,配置成均匀的浸润液,按抗感染骨粉和海藻酸钠溶液的体积比为1:5混合,浸润抗感染骨粉30min,均匀浸润后自然风干。通过低浓度交联的方式,滴加5%CaCl2溶液交联处理(直接抽滤即可,防止结块),氯化钙与海藻酸钠的摩尔比为1:1;然后用大量的去离子水洗涤至中性,冷冻干燥一天以上,即得成品持续抗感染复合骨粉。
实施例8(持续抗感染复合骨粉)
从乳牛的股骨、胫骨或猪的股骨中分离出松质骨,将松质骨切成不超过5*5*5cm的适宜大小,然后进行煮沸和干燥。处理后的松质骨分别浸泡在0.5M NaOH溶液与30%双氧水中过夜处理,超声清洗后加入0.1M焦磷酸钠溶液不超过200℃油浴12h,最后用大量蒸馏水洗至PH=7,再放入马弗炉800℃高温烧结2h,取出球磨,过筛并选取直径在0.2-1mm的颗粒,用无水乙醇和去离子水交替超声清洗三次,干燥,获得煅烧骨粉。
将煅烧骨粉置于10-3M的纳米银溶液浸润6h,使纳米银附着,煅烧骨粉与纳米银溶液体积比为1:2;去离子水清洗至冲洗液澄清,烘干,得到抗感染骨粉。
取2%wt的海藻酸钠溶液,常温下磁力搅拌,配置成均匀的浸润液,按抗感染骨粉和海藻酸钠溶液的体积比为1:5混合,浸润抗感染骨粉30min,均匀浸润后自然风干。通过低浓度交联的方式,滴加8%CaCl2溶液交联处理(直接抽滤即可,防止结块),氯化钙与海藻酸钠的摩尔比为1:1;然后用大量的去离子水洗涤至中性,冷冻干燥一天以上,即得成品持续抗感染复合骨粉。
实施例9(持续抗感染复合骨粉)
从乳牛的股骨、胫骨或猪的股骨中分离出松质骨,将松质骨切成不超过5*5*5cm的适宜大小,然后进行煮沸和干燥。处理后的松质骨分别浸泡在0.5M NaOH溶液与30%双氧水中过夜处理,超声清洗后加入0.1M焦磷酸钠溶液不超过200℃油浴12h,最后用大量蒸馏水洗至PH=7,再放入马弗炉800℃高温烧结2h,取出球磨,过筛并选取直径在0.2-1mm的颗粒,用无水乙醇和去离子水交替超声清洗三次,干燥,获得煅烧骨粉。
将煅烧骨粉置于10-3M的纳米银溶液浸润6h,使纳米银附着,煅烧骨粉与纳米银溶液体积比为1:2;去离子水清洗至冲洗液澄清,烘干,得到抗感染骨粉。
取2%wt的海藻酸钠溶液,常温下磁力搅拌,配置成均匀的浸润液,按抗感染骨粉和海藻酸钠溶液的体积比为1:5混合,浸润抗感染骨粉30min,均匀浸润后自然风干。通过低浓度交联的方式,滴加2%BaCl2溶液交联处理(直接抽滤即可,防止结块),氯化钡与海藻酸钠的摩尔比为1:1;然后用大量的去离子水洗涤至中性,冷冻干燥一天以上,即得成品持续抗感染复合骨粉。
实施例10(持续抗感染复合骨粉)
从乳牛的股骨、胫骨或猪的股骨中分离出松质骨,将松质骨切成不超过5*5*5cm的适宜大小,然后进行煮沸和干燥。处理后的松质骨分别浸泡在0.5M NaOH溶液与30%双氧水中过夜处理,超声清洗后加入0.1M焦磷酸钠溶液不超过200℃油浴12h,最后用大量蒸馏水洗至PH=7,再放入马弗炉800℃高温烧结2h,取出球磨,过筛并选取直径在0.2-1mm的颗粒,用无水乙醇和去离子水交替超声清洗三次,干燥,获得煅烧骨粉。
将煅烧骨粉置于10-3M的纳米银溶液浸润6h,使纳米银附着,煅烧骨粉与纳米银溶液体积比为1:2;去离子水清洗至冲洗液澄清,烘干,得到抗感染骨粉。
取2%wt的海藻酸钠溶液,常温下磁力搅拌,配置成均匀的浸润液,按抗感染骨粉和海藻酸钠溶液的体积比为1:5混合,浸润抗感染骨粉30min,均匀浸润后自然风干。通过低浓度交联的方式,滴加2%ZnCl2溶液交联处理(直接抽滤即可,防止结块),氯化锌与海藻酸钠的摩尔比为1:1;然后用大量的去离子水洗涤至中性,冷冻干燥一天以上,即得成品持续抗感染复合骨粉。
效果测试
1)由图1可知,本发明实施例1和实施例2制得的煅烧骨粉为白色;实施例3-5制得的抗感染骨粉为灰白色,实施例6-10制得的持续抗感染复合骨粉为浅灰色。
2)实施例1、2均为煅烧骨粉的制取工艺,实施例1所用药品均比实施例2所用毒性低,考虑到药品残留问题,本发明优选采取实施例1的制取工艺,制得煅烧骨粉。
3)实施例3、4、5通过改变骨粉在纳米银溶液中的浸泡时间长短控制骨粉吸附纳米银的量,从图2上清液的颜色变化可知,浸泡时间越长吸附纳米银的量越大,银离子过大会损害人体细胞,本发明优选采取实施例4的浸泡时间,制得抗感染骨粉。
4)由图3的FTIR检测结果可知,HA特征峰为-OH伸缩、PO43-特征峰、O-P-O带,分别在3575、1046,570,可知煅烧骨粉、抗感染骨粉、持续抗感染复合骨粉的主要成分为羟基磷灰石。SA特征峰为-OH拉伸、-CH拉伸、C=O拉伸、-CH弯曲,分别在3427,2922,1600,1428(图3)。对比抗感染骨粉、持续抗感染骨可知海藻酸盐成功附着。
5)参见图4,扫描电镜结果显示煅烧骨粉、抗感染骨粉、持续抗感染复合骨粉均具有天然的三维孔洞装结构,主要成分为羟基磷灰石。所制得的煅烧骨粉可以进行后续的纳米银及海藻酸盐的附着。并可见a2有金属粒子附着,a3、b3均有清晰膜结构。
6)孔隙率测试
采用液体置换法测量材料的孔隙率,置换液体为无水乙醇,结果如图6所示。
实施例6、7、8通过改变二价阳离子的浓度来探究阳离子浓度对海藻酸盐水凝膜的影响,可见二价阳离子浓度越高海藻酸盐水凝膜结块现象越明显,通过图5孔隙率的测试(BEF)可知,实施例7和实施例8的孔隙率结果急剧降低,低于50%,严重影响骨粉原本的结构。因此,本发明优选采用实施例6的离子浓度。
实施例6、9、10改变了阳离子的种类比较不同海藻酸盐水凝胶成膜的区别,由图5孔隙率结果(BCD)知无明显区别,均可以达到本发明的要求,实施例6、9和10均可制得所需持续抗感染复合骨粉,优选实施例6和实施例10。
由图5可见2%阳离子浓度交联的海藻酸盐水凝膜对骨粉的孔隙率影响程度不大,且同浓度的不同阳离子交联的水凝胶对骨粉的孔隙结构的影响效果没有太大不同。但是同种阳离子浓度越大,海藻酸盐水凝膜对骨粉的孔隙率影响程度越大。
7)抗菌实验
采用实施例6所得持续抗感染复合骨粉,通过对S.aureus(金黄色葡萄球菌)和E.coli(大肠杆菌)的共培养实验(参考GB T 28116-2011),结果如图6所示,可知本发明产品持续抗感染复合骨粉具有良好的抗菌效果,且在0.5-0.9g/ml的浓度范围中,浓度越大抗菌效果越好。
8)体外离子释放测试
称取等量的抗感染骨粉及持续抗感染复合骨粉分别置于10mL去离子水中,并在恒温震荡培养箱中各培养2,4,7,10,14天取样,利用ICP测试各样品中Ag2+的浓度,结果如图7所示。可见抗感染骨粉因没有海藻酸盐薄膜的覆盖,Ag2+释放浓度在第7,10,14天无明显变化,趋于平稳,说明Ag2+第七天时已经完全释放,无法达到长时间抗感染的效果;而持续抗感染复合骨粉的Ag2+释放量随着时间的增长不断上升,说明海藻酸盐薄膜实现了缓释Ag2+的目的,并且在第14天时的浓度仅为抗感染骨粉的一半,说明持续抗感染复合骨粉在14天后仍有较高的离子释放能力。
针对糖尿病患者在种植手术中易感染,且骨再生效果不佳的问题,本发明提供了一种可持续性抗感染、促进骨修复再生的复合骨粉及其制备方法。本发明制得的煅烧骨粉具有良好的孔隙结构,为干细胞提供良好的附着位点,起到引导骨组织再生的作用;所制备煅烧骨粉复合纳米银后,具有了纳米银的杀菌抗炎的功效;再复合水凝胶薄膜,不仅增加了提供了矿化位点,还能极好地控制纳米银释放的速率,增加了复合骨粉的成骨能力并且达到了长效抗菌的作用。本发明制备步骤简单方便,所得复合骨粉持续抗菌效果优良,能够解决糖尿病患者在种植修复手术过程中及后续恢复过程中骨愈合不良及骨再生困难且恢复时间长的临床问题。
以上所述本发明的具体实施方式,并不构成对本发明保护范围的限定。任何根据本发明的技术构思所做出的各种其他相应的改变与变形,均应包含在本发明权利要求的保护范围内。
Claims (8)
1.一种持续抗感染复合骨粉的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)取动物松质骨,经脱脂脱蛋白处理和煅烧处理,制成煅烧骨粉;脱脂脱蛋白处理是将松质骨切块后煮沸干燥,再浸泡在NaOH溶液与双氧水中过夜处理,超声清洗后加入焦磷酸钠溶液油浴处理,最后水洗至中性;焦磷酸钠溶液的浓度为0.05~0.1M;油浴处理是在不超过200℃油浴6~12h;
(2)将煅烧骨粉置于纳米银溶液中浸润,使纳米银附着在煅烧骨粉上,得到抗感染骨粉;
(3)将抗感染骨粉置于海藻酸钠溶液中,均匀浸润后自然风干,得到带海藻酸钠的中间粉体;中间粉体上的海藻酸钠通过离子交联螯合二价阳离子,在抗感染骨粉上复合水凝胶薄膜,得到持续抗感染复合骨粉;
离子交联过程中,二价阳离子以氯盐溶液的形式添加到中间粉体上,所述氯盐溶液的质量浓度在1~2.5%;
所述氯盐溶液和中间粉体混合后直接抽滤、水洗至中性,再冷冻干燥,得到持续抗感染复合骨粉。
2.根据权利要求1所述的持续抗感染复合骨粉的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,动物松质骨来源于乳牛的股骨、乳牛的胫骨或猪的股骨;
煅烧处理是在650~850℃烧结1~8h。
3.根据权利要求1所述的持续抗感染复合骨粉的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,煅烧骨粉置于纳米银溶液中浸润6~72h。
4.根据权利要求1所述的持续抗感染复合骨粉的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,纳米银溶液的浓度为0.0001~0.1mol/L;煅烧骨粉和纳米银溶液的体积比为1:(1~1000)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的持续抗感染复合骨粉的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,所述海藻酸钠溶液的质量浓度为0.5~10%;抗感染骨粉和海藻酸钠溶液的体积比为1:(4~6)。
6.根据权利要求1所述的持续抗感染复合骨粉的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,二价阳离子包括Ca2+、 Ba2+或Zn2+;二价阳离子与海藻酸钠的摩尔比为2:1。
7.如权利要求1-6任一项所述制备方法制得的持续抗感染复合骨粉。
8.如权利要求7所述持续抗感染复合骨粉在制备牙槽骨修复再生材料的应用。
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CN114601971A (zh) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-06-10 | 武汉理工大学 | 一种诱导骨再生的天然复合骨填充材料及其制备方法和用途 |
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