CN115316544A - Poultry fermented feed containing hermetia illucens and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Poultry fermented feed containing hermetia illucens and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115316544A
CN115316544A CN202210903479.4A CN202210903479A CN115316544A CN 115316544 A CN115316544 A CN 115316544A CN 202210903479 A CN202210903479 A CN 202210903479A CN 115316544 A CN115316544 A CN 115316544A
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China
Prior art keywords
parts
feed
vitamin
corn
hermetia illucens
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
郑达文
罗艳凤
黎小兵
刘海龙
喻小燕
柴志强
张圣贤
张金东
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Guangdong Jinyinshan Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
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Guangdong Jinyinshan Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202210903479.4A priority Critical patent/CN115316544A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
    • A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/33—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from molasses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/174—Vitamins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/189—Enzymes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/30—Oligoelements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
    • A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
    • A23V2400/21—Streptococcus, lactococcus
    • A23V2400/225—Faecalis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

Abstract

The invention provides a fermented feed containing hermetia illucens for poultry and a preparation method thereof, wherein each thousand parts of the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 150-400 parts of hermetia illucens larvas pulp, 10-50 parts of corn, 10-50 parts of soybean meal, 50-150 parts of wheat bran, 100-200 parts of corn bran, 100-150 parts of soybean hull, 50-150 parts of bagasse, 100-200 parts of rice bran, 50-150 parts of auxiliary materials and 1-10 parts of strain materials. The rich animal crude fat and protein can meet the nutritional requirements of broiler chicken growth, laying hen egg and feather production, and the biological active ingredients such as organic acid, probiotics and the like in the fermented feed are beneficial to the intestinal health of chicken flocks and the improvement of immunity.

Description

Poultry fermented feed containing hermetia illucens and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biological feed, in particular to a poultry fermented feed raw material containing hermetia illucens and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Chicken is one of the main sources of meat products in the dietary structure of people in China, and the proportion of chicken consumption in meat consumption in China is second to that of pork. The eggs are clearly recommended to eat every day in the dietary guidelines of Chinese residents. However, in the past decades, the meat and poultry industry has focused on improving the growth rate of the chickens and saving the cost, and egg-laying poultry enterprises have focused only on the egg production of the laying hens. Moreover, antibiotics and chemicals are used in the chicken industry on a large scale for a long time, and the problems of toxic and side effects, drug resistance and residue of the medicines threaten the health of human beings, so that the antibiotics and the chemicals become a problem concerned by the whole society.
With the rapid development of national economy and the continuous improvement of the living standard of people in China, the increasingly high quality requirements of people on chicken and eggs and the increasing contradiction of the death and culling rate of chicken flocks caused by the reduction of the drug dosage in the antibiotic-free era of the breeding industry are more serious nowadays.
The traditional feed refers to edible substances which naturally exist in the nature and can meet the nutrition required by cultured animals, and the natural feed is not enough to provide the nutrition required by the large-scale intensification of animal production. Compared with the traditional complete feed, the fermented feed not only has more comprehensive nutrient substances, but also has rich contents of beneficial flora, organic acid, metabolite and other bioactive substances, is beneficial to intestinal health of chicken flocks, improves the immunity of organisms, and promotes digestion and absorption of cultured animals.
The hermetia illucens is an insect of hermetia diptera, is a species which can be used for large-scale feeding by using livestock and poultry excrement or kitchen waste, is safe and friendly to the environment, has the characteristics of high conversion efficiency, short feeding period, high yield benefit and the like, and is one of important feeding insects which are approved and recommended by FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations).
Currently, the commercial black soldier fly is mainly used as a feed raw material by feeding live or frozen insects and drying. The biggest defects of the live insects are that the live insects cannot be stored for a long time, the equipment adopting a drying mode is high in cost and energy consumption, and the problems of partial nutrient substance denaturation, biological substance inactivation and the like can be caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, embodiments of the present invention are proposed to provide a fermented feed for black soldier fly-containing poultry, which overcomes or at least partially solves the above problems, wherein each thousand parts of the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 150-400 parts of hermetia illucens larva slurry, 10-50 parts of corn, 10-50 parts of soybean meal, 50-150 parts of wheat bran, 100-200 parts of corn bran, 100-150 parts of soybean hull, 50-150 parts of bagasse, 100-200 parts of rice bran, 50-150 parts of auxiliary materials and 1-10 parts of strain materials.
Optionally, the auxiliary material component is one or more of premix, wheat middling, rice bran, beet pulp and peanut pulp.
Optionally, the auxiliary materials comprise, by mass, 25-50 parts of a premix, 0-20 parts of wheat middling, 0-25 parts of a unite bran, 0-30 parts of beet pulp, 0-25 parts of peanut meal and 0-40 parts of beet pulp.
Optionally, the premix consists of the following weight fractions: 0.6-1.3 parts of lysine sulfate, 0.1-0.3 part of methionine, 0.25-0.45 part of threonine, 0.7-1.2 parts of arginine, 0.2-0.8 part of cystine hydrochloride, 0.28 part of compound vitamin, 0.65 part of compound mineral bag and 0.4 part of compound enzyme preparation.
Optionally, the complex enzyme preparation comprises: one or more of xylanase, xylosidase, mannanase, mannosidase, phytase, arabinofuranosidase, pectinase, feruloyl esterase, cellulase, hemicellulase and amylase.
Optionally, the multivitamins comprise: one or more of vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K, folic acid, pantothenic acid, nicotinic acid and biotin.
Optionally, the composite ore package comprises: one or more of ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, selenium, cobalt and iodine.
Optionally, the strain material consists of the following weight fractions: 20-40 parts of brown sugar, 0-35 parts of molasses, 10-20 parts of corn flour, 0-20 parts of composite microbial inoculum and 0-50 parts of water.
Optionally, the complex microbial inoculant comprises: one or more of bacillus megaterium, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus, bacillus coagulans, yeast, clostridium butyricum, bacillus licheniformis and enterococcus faecalis.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a preparation method of the poultry fermented feed containing hermetia illucens, which comprises the following steps:
cleaning the black soldier fly larvae by a microwave cleaning machine or a high-temperature high-pressure spraying machine, and then beating the black soldier fly larvae into pasty hermetia illucens slurry to obtain the black soldier fly slurry;
respectively crushing corn, bean pulp, wheat bran, corn bran, soybean hull, bagasse, rice bran and the like by using a crusher, and screening by using a 50-mesh sieve;
uniformly mixing the crushed and sieved corns, the bean pulp, the wheat bran, the corn bran, the soybean hull, the bagasse and the rice bran in a stirrer to obtain a mixed carrier;
preparing strain materials according to a preset proportion to obtain a liquid strain substance;
stirring the hermetia illucens pulp, the mixed carrier and the liquid strain for 15-25 minutes until the mixture is uniform;
injecting the well-mixed fermented material into a breathing bag, and fermenting in the breathing bag for 3-15 days according to a preset raw material ratio, wherein the fermentation temperature is kept at 43-55 ℃, so as to obtain the poultry fermented feed containing the hermetia illucens as claimed in claim 1.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the black soldier fly fermented worm material has the advantages that the complete material has special worm fragrance and aromatic substances similar to wine fragrance, has obvious feeding attraction effect, meets the natural property of broiler chicken feeding worms, and provides rich nutritional ingredients and various bioactive ingredients. The rich animal crude fat and protein can meet the nutritional requirements of broiler chicken growth, egg laying of laying hens and feather production.
The large and balanced amounts of calcium and phosphorus in hermetia illucens larvae are effective in maintaining bone health in animals. The abundant lauric acid can promote the intestinal microecological health of chicken, improve the immunity and the health state, thereby improving the utilization rate of the feed and reducing the death and culling rate. Abundant chitin may promote the production of volatile fatty acids in the chicken flock intestinal tract, maintain intestinal health and improve the feather quality and growth of chicken flocks. The proper amount of chitosan has the functions of enhancing the liquid immunity function, the cellular immunity function and the macrophage phagocytic function, is also a natural antibacterial substance with wider antibacterial spectrum, can lead the number of escherichia coli in cecum contents of chicken flocks to be in a descending trend, ferment probiotics and organic acid in feed, can lead the number of lactobacillus in intestinal tracts of the chicken flocks to be greatly increased, obviously reduce the number of escherichia coli and salmonella, balance the micro-ecological environment in the intestinal tracts, and further improve the immunity of the chicken flocks.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments in order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible.
The black soldier fly larva protein and fat are respectively 30-50% and 10-36%, do not contain anti-nutritional factors, and are a potential available feed protein and animal fat source. Meanwhile, the hermetia illucens larvae have balanced calcium-phosphorus ratio (close to 1).
The embodiment of the invention provides a black soldier fly-containing poultry fermented feed, wherein each thousand parts of the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 150-400 parts of hermetia illucens larva slurry, 10-50 parts of corn, 10-50 parts of soybean meal, 50-150 parts of wheat bran, 100-200 parts of corn bran, 100-150 parts of soybean hull, 50-150 parts of bagasse, 100-200 parts of rice bran, 50-150 parts of auxiliary materials and 1-10 parts of strain materials.
Corn, bean pulp, wheat bran, corn bran, soybean hull, bagasse and rice bran can be used as basic raw materials for feeding fattening chickens or laying hens, and basic requirements for growth of broiler chickens or laying eggs of the laying hens are provided, such as: the corn and the black soldier fly fat can provide more heat to maintain the normal activity of the chicken, the black soldier fly protein, the soybean meal, the corn bran, the soybean hull and the like can provide corresponding protein, and the wheat bran and the auxiliary materials can provide vitamins and mineral elements. The strain material can regulate intestinal flora of chicken, balance intestines and stomach, promote nutrient absorption, and improve feed utilization rate, thereby improving meat quality, laying hen yield and quality, improving disease resistance and immunity of poultry, and improving survival rate of chicken.
The proportion of corn, bean pulp, wheat bran, corn bran, soybean hull, bagasse, rice bran and auxiliary materials and the adopted strains are adjusted according to the variety and the growth stage of the chicken, for example: when the chicken is in a fattening stage, the proportion of raw materials containing more protein, such as soybean meal, can be increased.
In a specific implementation, the hermetia illucens slurry can be prepared as follows: cleaning the black soldier fly larvae by a microwave cleaning machine or a high-temperature high-pressure spraying machine, and then beating the black soldier fly larvae into pasty hermetia illucens slurry to obtain the black soldier fly slurry.
The fermented worm feed (poultry fermented feed containing hermetia illucens) contains rich animal protein and balanced amino acid, has the characteristics of high quality, high efficiency and sustainability, and can be detected to obtain the nutritional ingredients of the fermented worm feed as shown in the following table 1:
detecting items The result of the detection
Crude protein (%) 20.72
Water content (%) 25.6
Crude fat (%) 4.3
PH 5.3
Crude ash (%) 4.3
Peptide content (%) 3.22
Chitosan (g/100 g) 0.14
TABLE 1
The black soldier fly larvae contain rich animal protein and balanced amino acid composition, and have the characteristics of high quality, high efficiency and sustainability, wherein the crude fat of the black soldier fly comprises 53-62% of unsaturated fatty acid, 31-36% of monounsaturated fatty acid, 20-26% of polyunsaturated fatty acid and higher lauric acid content, and the content of lauric acid is about 16-20%.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a fermented feed containing hermetia illucens for poultry, which is a complete feed, not only has special insect fragrance and aromatic substances similar to wine fragrance, but also has an obvious feeding attraction effect, meets the natural property of chicken groups for feeding insects, and provides rich nutritional ingredients and various bioactive ingredients. The rich animal crude fat and protein can meet the nutritional requirements of broiler chicken growth, laying hen egg laying and feather production. The black soldier fly fermented feed raw material comprises black soldier fly larvae, a large amount of balanced calcium and phosphorus in the black soldier fly larvae can effectively maintain the bone health of animals, and the contained abundant lauric acid can promote the intestinal microecological health of chicken flocks and improve the immunity and the health state, so that the utilization rate of the feed is improved, and the mortality and elimination rate is reduced. Abundant chitin may promote the production of volatile fatty acids in the chicken flock intestinal tract, maintain intestinal health and improve the feather quality and growth of chicken flocks. Proper amount of chitosan has the functions of enhancing the liquid immunity function, the cellular immunity function and the macrophage phagocytosis function, is a natural antibacterial substance with wider antibacterial spectrum, and can lead the number of escherichia coli in the cecum contents of chicken flocks to be in a descending trend. In addition, the fermentation of the rest components in the worm feed ensures that the chickens can absorb enough energy and other nutrient substances required for maintaining the functions when eating the feed, ensures the normal fattening and egg laying of the chickens, ferments the probiotics and the organic acid in the feed, can greatly increase the number of lactobacillus in intestinal tracts of the chickens, obviously reduces the number of escherichia coli and salmonella, balances the micro-ecological environment in the intestinal tracts, and further improves the immunity of the chickens.
In an optional embodiment of the invention, the auxiliary material component is one or more of premix, wheat middling, rice bran, beet pulp and peanut pulp.
In an optional embodiment of the invention, the auxiliary materials comprise, by mass, 25-50 parts of a premix, 0-20 parts of wheat middling, 0-25 parts of rice bran, 0-30 parts of beet pulp, 0-25 parts of peanut pulp and 0-40 parts of beet pulp.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the protein content of the soybean meal is 43% by mass.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the feed is used for feeding one or more of young chickens, laying hens and fattening chickens.
The young chicken is 49-140 days old chicken, the laying chicken is 180-400 days old chicken, and the fattening chicken is 120-150 days old chicken and laying chicken in elimination stage.
The day-old stage is only an optional example, and it can be understood that the poultry fermented feed containing hermetia illucens provided by the invention is not limited to be used for feeding the day-old broilers.
The premix may be composed of amino acids, enzymes, vitamins, inorganic salts and minerals.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the premix consists of the following parts by weight: 0.6-1.3 parts of lysine sulfate, 0.1-0.3 part of methionine, 0.25-0.45 part of threonine, 0.7-1.2 parts of arginine, 0.2-0.8 part of cystine hydrochloride, 0.28 part of compound vitamin, 0.65 part of compound mineral bag and 0.4 part of compound enzyme preparation.
The complex enzyme preparation may comprise one or more enzymes.
The compound enzyme preparation comprises: one or more of xylanase, xylosidase, mannanase, mannosidase, phytase, arabinofuranosidase, pectinase, feruloyl esterase, cellulase, hemicellulase, and amylase.
By adding different enzymes into the premix, the chemical reaction in the broiler can be effectively promoted, and the feed absorption of the broiler can be further promoted.
In one example, one or more enzymes can be used as the raw material of the complex enzyme preparation for different chicken breeds or different ages in days.
One or more vitamins may be included in the multivitamin.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the multivitamins comprise: one or more of vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K, folic acid, pantothenic acid, nicotinic acid and biotin.
Different vitamins are added into the premix, so that the premix is beneficial to maintaining normal physiological functions of chickens and reducing the sick probability of the chickens, such as: the vitamin A can reduce the phenomena of growth retardation, emaciation, feather disorder and even dyskinesia of the chickens. The vitamin B1 can reduce carbohydrate metabolism disorder and pathological changes of nervous system of chicken. Vitamin B2 can reduce the occurrence of inward curling of the toes of the chicken, leg muscle atrophy and relaxation, and dry and rough skin. The vitamin B6 can prevent the reduction of the appetite of the chicken and the reduction of the hatchability of the laying hens and the breeding eggs. The vitamin D can promote the calcium absorption of the chicken. The vitamin E can reduce the occurrence of the symptoms of brain softening of the chickens, exudative diathesis of young chickens and muscle necrosis. The vitamin K can ensure the blood coagulation function of the chicken and avoid the condition that the chicken bleeds in a large amount when a wound appears. Choline, nicotinic acid, biotin, folic acid and the like can reduce the occurrence of chicken tibial brachypodium disease. Choline can also reduce the probability of chicken fatty liver syndrome. Folic acid can also reduce anemia, leukopenia, feather decolorization, and cervical vertebra paralysis of chicken.
In one example, one or more vitamins can be used as raw materials for the multivitamins for different chicken breeds or different ages in days.
The composite mineral package may include one or more minerals.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the composite ore comprises: one or more of ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, selenium, cobalt and iodine
By adding the mineral substances into the premix, the chicken can maintain normal physiological functions and reduce the chicken disease probability.
In one example, one or more minerals may be used as raw materials for a composite bale for different chicken breeds or different ages of day.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the strain material comprises the following components by weight: 20-40 parts of brown sugar, 0-35 parts of molasses, 10-20 parts of corn flour, 0-20 parts of composite microbial inoculum and 0-50 parts of water.
In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the complex microbial inoculant comprises: one or more of bacillus megaterium, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus, bacillus coagulans, yeast, clostridium butyricum, bacillus licheniformis and enterococcus faecalis.
The invention adds a high-quality feeding insect protein raw material, improves the nutrient content in the complete feed, improves the feed quality, and can effectively improve the digestibility and the feed utilization efficiency of the complete feed.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a poultry fermented feed containing hermetia illucens, which not only has special insect fragrance and aromatic substances similar to wine fragrance, but also has an obvious feeding attraction effect, meets the requirement of feeding insects for broilers, and provides rich nutritional ingredients and various bioactive ingredients. The rich animal crude fat and protein can meet the nutritional requirements of broiler chicken growth, egg laying of laying hens and feather production. The feed meets the requirements of chickens of different ages in days and varieties, so that the overall health state of chicken flocks is improved, the quality of chicken and eggs is improved, probiotics and organic acid in the feed are fermented, the number of lactobacillus in intestinal tracts of the chicken flocks can be greatly increased, the number of escherichia coli and salmonella is obviously reduced, the micro-ecological environment in the intestinal tracts is balanced, and the immunity of the chicken flocks is further improved. Hereinafter, the fermented feed containing hermetia illucens for poultry provided by the present invention will be further described in two experiments
The first test:
1. test animals and design: 6000-feather healthy and consistent-source cymbidium brown young hens are selected in the test, and are averagely divided into 4 groups: control groups 1 and 3 test groups, and the above 4 groups were specifically divided into 3 replicate groups, each replicate group having 500 feathers.
The control group 1 is a conventional complete feed formula for the cymbidium bicolor brown young chicken, and the test groups are respectively added with 3%, 6% and 9% of fermented insect feed based on the complete feed formula (test group 1: 3% of fermented insect feed is added, test group 2: 6% of fermented insect feed is added, and test group 3: 9% of fermented insect feed is added). The test period is 42 days, and the broiler chickens freely drink and eat during the test period.
Raw materials Control group 1 Test group 1 Test group 2 Test group 3
Corn (corn) 625 605 585 565
Bean pulp 215 208 201 194
Lard oil 10 7 4 1
Bran 85 85 85 85
Stone powder 15 15 15 15
Premix compound 50 50 50 50
Fermented insect material 0 30 60 90
TABLE 2
In the first test, the fermented worm material contains protein, fat and other nutritional ingredients, and can not simply replace any one of corn, bean pulp and lard, so that the mass parts of the corn, the bean pulp and the lard are adaptively adjusted in 3 test groups, and the energy and the protein contents of the 3 test groups are approximately equal to those of the control group 1.
2. Detection indexes are as follows: daily gain, daily feed intake, feed conversion, and uniformity of the harbourine brown young hens were recorded during the test period.
3. The statistical method comprises the following steps: the test data are mean values.
4. Test results
The influence of the black soldier fly-containing poultry fermented feed on the growth performance of the blue-and-brown young hens is shown in table 3:
raw materials Control group 1 Test group 1 Test group 2 Test group 3
Initial weight (g) 453.9 461.2 448.3 458.6
Terminal weight (g) 1058.7 1074.4 1095.1 1084.4
Weight gain (g) 604.8 613.2 646.8 625.8
Daily gain (g) 14.4 14.6 15.4 14.9
Daily food intake (g) 49.5 50.1 52.6 51.0
Feed conversion ratio 3.44 3.43 3.42 3.42
Uniformity (%) 85.4 85.7 87.2 86.9
TABLE 3
As can be seen from table 3, by comparing the test group 1, the test group 2, the test group 3 and the control group 1, when the heisui river horsefly-containing poultry fermented feed provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for feeding heisui river brown young hens, the weight gain is increased by 8.4-42g, 1.39-6.94% and the daily weight gain is increased by 0.2-1.0 g, 1.39-6.94% and the daily feed intake is increased by 0.6-3.1g and 1.21-6.26%, so that the heisui river horsefly-containing poultry fermented feed has an obvious food calling effect, and chickens can eat more feeds, thereby the total weight gain and the daily weight gain of the chickens are obviously increased; the meat-feed ratio is reduced by 0.01-0.02, and the feed utilization rate can be effectively improved by adding the hermetia illucens fermented feed into the feed; the uniformity is improved by 0.3-1.8%, and the uniformity of the chicken flocks can be improved by eating the feed provided by the embodiment of the invention.
And (2) test II:
test animals and treatments
1. Test animals and design: in the test, 15000 Luoman powder laying hens with healthy feathers and consistent sources are selected, and the average group is 3: control group 2 and 2 test groups, and the above 3 groups were divided into 5 repeat groups, each repeat group had 1000 feathers, and the total number of 15000 feathered chickens.
The control group 2 is a conventional complete feed formula for Roman powder laying hens, and the test groups are respectively added with 3% and 6% of fermented insect feed based on the complete feed formula (test group 4: 3% of fermented insect feed is added, and test group 5: 6% of fermented insect feed is added). The test period is 63 days, and the broiler chickens freely drink and eat during the test period.
Raw materials Control group 2 Test group 4 Test group 5
Corn (corn) 575 555 535
Bean pulp 215 208 201
Lard oil 20 17 14
Bran 55 55 55
Stone powder 105 105 105
Premix compound 30 30 30
Fermented insect material 0 30 60
TABLE 4
In the second test, because the fermented worm material contains protein, fat and other nutritional ingredients, any one of corn, bean pulp and lard cannot be simply replaced, the mass parts of the corn, the bean pulp and the lard are adaptively adjusted in 2 test groups, so that the energy and the protein contents of the 2 test groups are approximately equal to those of the control group 2.
2. Detection indexes are as follows: the laying rate, the certified egg rate, the secondary egg rate and the feed-egg ratio of the roman powder laying hens are recorded during the test period.
3. The statistical method comprises the following steps: the test data are presented as mean values.
4. Test results
The effect of the poultry fermented feed containing hermetia illucens on Roman powder laying hens is shown in the embodiment of the invention
Shown in Table 5:
Figure BDA0003771016610000101
Figure BDA0003771016610000111
TABLE 5
Based on table 5, by comparing the test group 4, the test group 5 and the control group 2, it can be seen that when the fermented feed for poultry containing hermetia illucens provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for feeding roman powder laying hens, the laying rate is improved by 0.2-0.3%, the laying peak period is prolonged, and the reduction of the laying rate is effectively alleviated; the egg quality is improved by 0.7-0.9%, the amplification is 0.74-0.95%, the egg failure rate is reduced by 0.01-0.05%, the amplification is reduced by 20.1-25.2%, the egg breaking rate is reduced by 0.01-0.05%, the amplification is reduced by 0.04-0.08%, and the egg quality and the eggshell hardness are obviously improved. The feed-egg ratio is reduced by 0.02-0.03, the amplitude is reduced by 0.9-1.4%, the feed utilization rate is obviously improved, the unit egg-laying cost is reduced, and the economic benefit of laying hen breeding is improved.
And (3) test III:
test animals and treatments
1. Test animals and design: in the test, healthy 32000 feather Aijia AA broilers with consistent sources are selected, and are averagely divided into 4 groups: control group 3 and 3 test groups, and the above 4 groups were specifically divided into 5 replicate groups, each of 1600 feathers, for 32000 feathered chickens.
As shown in table 6, the control group 3 is a formula of the existing complete feed for argyi jia AA broiler chicken, and the test groups are based on the formula of the complete feed and added with 3%, 6% and 9% of the fermented insect feed respectively (test group 6: added with 3% of the fermented insect feed, test group 7: added with 6% of the fermented insect feed, and test group 8: added with 9% of the fermented insect feed).
The test period is 63 days, and the broiler chickens freely drink and eat during the test period.
Figure BDA0003771016610000112
Figure BDA0003771016610000121
TABLE 6
In the third test, because the fermented worm feed contains protein, fat and other nutritional ingredients, any one of corn, bean pulp and lard cannot be simply replaced, the mass ratio of the corn, the bean pulp and the lard is adaptively adjusted in 4 test groups, so that the energy and the protein contents of 3 test groups and the control group 3 are approximately equal.
2. Detection indexes are as follows: during the test period, the initial weight (weight at the beginning of the test), the final weight (weight at the end of the test), the weight gain, the daily feed intake and the feed-meat ratio of the Aijia AA broiler chickens were recorded.
3. The statistical method comprises the following steps: the test data are presented as mean values.
4. Test results
The influence of the poultry fermented feed containing hermetia illucens on the Aijia Yijia AA broiler chicken provided by the embodiment of the invention is shown in Table 7:
item Control group 3 Test group 7 Test group 8 Test group 9
Initial weight (g) 923.1 926.8 917.3 914.8
Terminal weight (g) 2793.3 2822.3 2885.8 2830.6
Weight gain (g) 1870.2 1895.5 1968.5 1915.8
Daily gain (g) 89.1 90.3 93.7 91.2
Daily food intake (g) 168.0 170.1 173.2 171.9
Meat ratio of materials 1.89 1.88 1.85 1.88
Mortality (%) 2.92 2.77 2.84 2.63
TABLE 7
Based on table 7, as can be seen from comparison among the comparative test group 6, the test group 7, the test group 8 and the control group 3, when the poultry fermented feed containing hermetia illucens provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for feeding the argyi jia AA broiler chickens, the end weight is increased by 29-92.5g, the amplification is 1.0-3.3%, the daily gain is increased by 1.2-4.6g, and the amplification is 1.3-5.2%. The daily feed intake is improved by 2.1-5.2g, the amplification is 1.3-3.1%, the feed provided by the embodiment of the invention has an obvious food calling effect, the chicken is promoted to eat more feed more quickly, the nutrition level of the chicken is effectively improved, and the weight gain of the chicken is further promoted. The feed conversion ratio is reduced by 0.01-0.04g, the reduction amplitude is 0.53-2.1%, and the feed provided by the embodiment of the invention has higher feed utilization rate. The death and culling rate is reduced by 0.08-0.15%, and the feed provided by the embodiment of the invention can effectively improve the health degree of chickens, reduce the occurrence of diseases of the chickens and improve the economic benefit of chicken flocks.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a preparation method of the poultry fermented feed containing hermetia illucens, which comprises the following steps:
cleaning the black soldier fly larvae by a microwave cleaning machine or a high-temperature high-pressure spraying machine, and then beating the black soldier fly larvae into pasty hermetia illucens slurry to obtain the black soldier fly slurry;
respectively crushing corn, bean pulp, wheat bran, corn bran, soybean hull, bagasse, rice bran and the like by using a crusher, and screening by using a 50-mesh sieve;
uniformly mixing the crushed and sieved corns, the bean pulp, the wheat bran, the corn bran, the soybean hull, the bagasse and the rice bran in a stirrer to obtain a mixed carrier;
preparing strain materials according to a preset proportion to obtain a liquid strain substance;
stirring the hermetia illucens pulp, the mixed carrier and the liquid strain for 15-25 minutes until the mixture is uniform;
injecting the well-mixed fermented material into a breathing bag, and fermenting in the breathing bag for 3-15 days according to a preset raw material ratio, wherein the fermentation temperature is kept at 43-55 ℃, so as to obtain the poultry fermented feed containing the hermetia illucens as claimed in claim 1.
By adding the hermetia illucens larval pulp, the content of animal protein and animal fat in the fermented feed can be increased, and the nutritional value, palatability and feeding attraction effect of the feed can be obviously improved.
By adding the compound synergistic effect of bacillus subtilis, enterococcus faecalis, clostridium butyricum and enzyme, the anti-nutritional factors of unconventional feed raw materials such as corn husks, soybean husks, rice bran, bagasse and the like can be effectively decomposed and utilized, so that the dependence of breeding and feed enterprises on the short-cut raw materials such as corn, soybean, fish meal and the like can be relieved, and the import pressure of the state on foreign feed raw materials is relieved.
The fermented feed has high nutritive value, and can effectively improve the growth performance of animals, promote the reproduction of beneficial flora in the bodies of the animals, improve the intestinal health of the animals, improve the utilization rate of the feed and reduce the feed conversion ratio by mixing and feeding the fermented feed in daily ration to regulate and control the nutrition of the complete daily ration; maintain the immune state of the organism and reduce the death and culling rate.
The slow broiler feed provided by the invention is described in detail, the principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying specific examples, and the description of the examples is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The fermented feed containing the hermetia illucens for the poultry is characterized in that every thousand parts of the feed are prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 150-400 parts of hermetia illucens larva slurry, 10-50 parts of corn, 10-50 parts of soybean meal, 50-150 parts of wheat bran, 100-200 parts of corn bran, 100-150 parts of soybean hull, 50-150 parts of bagasse, 100-200 parts of rice bran, 50-150 parts of auxiliary materials and 1-10 parts of strain materials.
2. The feed of claim 1, wherein the adjuvant component is one or more of premix, wheat middling, rice bran, beet pulp and peanut pulp.
3. The feed according to claim 2, wherein the auxiliary materials comprise, by mass, 25-50 parts of premix, 0-20 parts of wheat middling, 0-25 parts of rice bran, 0-30 parts of beet pulp, 0-25 parts of peanut pulp and 0-40 parts of beet pulp.
4. The feed according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the premix consists of, in weight fractions: 0.6-1.3 parts of lysine sulfate, 0.1-0.3 part of methionine, 0.25-0.45 part of threonine, 0.7-1.2 parts of arginine, 0.2-0.8 part of cystine hydrochloride, 0.28 part of compound vitamin, 0.65 part of compound mineral bag and 0.4 part of compound enzyme preparation.
5. The feed of claim 5, wherein the complex enzyme preparation comprises: one or more of xylanase, xylosidase, mannanase, mannosidase, phytase, arabinofuranosidase, pectinase, feruloyl esterase, cellulase, hemicellulase, and amylase.
6. The feed of claim 5, wherein the multivitamins comprise: one or more of vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K, folic acid, pantothenic acid, nicotinic acid and biotin.
7. The feed of claim 5, wherein the composite package comprises: one or more of ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, selenium, cobalt and iodine.
8. The feed of claim 1, wherein the inoculum material consists of the following weight fractions: 20-40 parts of brown sugar, 0-35 parts of molasses, 10-20 parts of corn flour, 0-20 parts of composite microbial inoculum and 0-50 parts of water.
9. The feed of claim 8, wherein the complex microbial inoculum comprises: one or more of bacillus megaterium, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus, bacillus coagulans, yeast, clostridium butyricum, bacillus licheniformis and enterococcus faecalis.
10. A preparation method of a poultry fermented feed containing hermetia illucens is characterized by comprising the following steps:
cleaning the black soldier fly larvae by a microwave cleaning machine or a high-temperature high-pressure spraying machine, and then beating the black soldier fly larvae into pasty hermetia illucens slurry to obtain the black soldier fly slurry;
respectively crushing corn, bean pulp, wheat bran, corn bran, soybean hull, bagasse, rice bran and the like by using a crusher, and screening by using a 50-mesh sieve;
uniformly mixing the crushed and sieved corns, bean pulp, wheat bran, corn husks, soybean husks, bagasse and rice bran in a stirrer to obtain a mixed carrier;
preparing strain materials according to a preset proportion to obtain a liquid strain substance;
stirring the black soldier fly slurry, the mixed carrier and the liquid strain for 15-25 minutes until the mixture is uniform;
injecting the well-mixed fermented material into a breathing bag, and fermenting in the breathing bag for 3-15 days according to a preset raw material ratio, wherein the fermentation temperature is kept at 43-55 ℃, so as to obtain the poultry fermented feed containing the hermetia illucens as claimed in claim 1.
CN202210903479.4A 2022-07-28 2022-07-28 Poultry fermented feed containing hermetia illucens and preparation method thereof Pending CN115316544A (en)

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