CN115305228A - 一种改善结直肠癌症状的益生菌组合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种改善结直肠癌症状的益生菌组合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种改善结直肠癌症状的益生菌组合物,该益生菌组合物由下述菌株组成,乳双歧杆菌Bla019、布氏乳杆菌Lbu3、植物乳杆菌Lp3a、长双歧杆菌BL5b、副干酪乳杆菌LPC45、短双歧杆菌BB033、嗜酸乳杆菌LA16、罗伊氏乳杆菌LR06、植物乳杆菌YS4、鼠李糖乳杆菌LRYZU021、发酵乳杆菌suo、乳双歧杆菌L‑SN。本发明通过对肠道菌群在CRC中的作用认知和对益生菌菌株的性质研究的基础上,提出了一个由多个益生菌菌株组成的益生菌组合物,用于改善肠道菌群、增加肠道内SCFAs产生、预防CRC发生、改善CRC治疗效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及微生物及生物技术领域,具体涉及一种改善结直肠癌症状的益生菌组合物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
2020年统计全球最常见癌症为乳腺癌、肺癌、结直肠癌、前列腺癌、胃癌、肝癌、宫颈癌、食管癌、甲状腺癌和膀胱癌,占据60%以上的新发病例。全球结直肠癌(CRCs)总体发病率已经升至第三位,2020年全球新发193万例。结直肠癌的发病率、死亡率均较过去明显提升,结直肠癌已成为全球癌症死亡原因的第二位,2020年因结直肠癌死亡人数达93万例。2020年中国新发癌症病例约457万,结直肠癌新发人数达55万,发病率跃居第二位,仅次于肺癌,结直肠癌死亡人数28万,为常见癌症死亡原因的第五位。相比于2019年中国统计数据(中国恶性肿瘤流行病学数据2019年),中国结直肠癌发病率、死亡率与全球趋势相同,均较过去明显升高,防控形势不容乐观。在年龄上,结直肠癌的发病率和死亡率在45岁之前处于较低水平,45岁以后明显升高,在80岁以上年龄组达到高峰,但近年来结直肠癌年轻化的趋势也十分明显。特别是溃疡性结肠炎和克罗恩病为主的炎症性肠病(IBD)导致的CRC患者数量呈上升趋势,IBD相关的结直肠癌约占CRC年死亡率的2%,但在IBD患者中,年死亡率达10-15%,IBD相关CRC患者的发病年龄也小于散发性CRC患者,5年生存率仅为50%。
CRCs与肠道菌群组成的关联性:CRCs与长期积累的基因突变和多步致癌机制有关,但快速发展的、在结肠镜检查阴性后60个月内确诊的所谓“间隔性CRCs”也很常见(5-8%),CRCs发展的主要环境风险因素是饮食(如肥胖、红肉消费、膳食纤维摄入量低)或与生活方式相关(如吸烟、酗酒和久坐行为)。CRCs根据其解剖位置分为左侧或远端(dCC)、右侧或近端(pCC)结肠癌和直肠癌。pCCs发生于盲肠至横结肠,而dCCs则发生于脾屈至乙状结肠。pCC患者更有可能被诊断为肿瘤晚期,对常规或靶向癌症治疗反应较差。越来越多的证据表明,肠道微生物群的组成与肿瘤微环境(TME)之间有很强的关联。在CRC发展的早期,结肠菌群通过干扰DNA修复机制或增强Wnt介导的信号来影响肿瘤的发生。近期的研究已证实复杂的微生物群落结构(如细菌生物膜) 与pCC致癌作用有关,另外肠道菌群也与CRC进展速度有关。例如,表达脆弱拟杆菌肠毒素(BFT)的脆弱拟杆菌(Bacteroides fragilis)在晚期CRC中比在早期CRC中更丰富,具核梭杆菌(Fusobacterium nucleatum)在pCC和基因组微卫星不稳定性 CRC中尤为丰富,微生物在MSI CRC和MSS CRC中的特定作用也有报道,pCC邻近的回肠微生物群也决定了pCC的预后和预测特征。
在AOM/DSS造模的CRC小鼠中,造瘤组表现为巨噬细胞计数和炎症细胞因子的上调、结直肠肿瘤发生和肠道菌群组成的失衡,菌群中大肠杆菌和梭状芽胞杆菌等病原体丰度明显增加。在肠道菌群代谢通路上,淀粉降解通路和血红素生物合成通路显著上调,而氨基酸代谢通路,如L-蛋氨酸生物合成和L-苏氨酸生物合成通路均被显著下调。淀粉降解和氨基酸代谢与IBD等胃肠道疾病有关,而血红素生物合成已被证明有助于细菌致病性,促进炎症反应,并使IBD患者的预后恶化。
IBD在发病机制上属于自身免疫系统功能紊乱,与健康人相比,IBD患者的肠道菌群差异明显:IBD患者的肠道微生物多样性改变,多种专性厌氧菌几乎消失,大肠杆菌等兼性厌氧菌明显富集,IBD肠道中短链脂肪酸等有益代谢产物减少,B族维生素泛酸和烟酸非常低,出现了胆汁酸-甘氨酸-牛磺酸结合物的富集,酰基肉碱水平的显著升高,多不饱和脂肪酸水平较高,花生酰肉碱减少而游离花生四烯酸盐增加。
肿瘤细胞转移是CRC患者死亡的主要原因,扩散的肿瘤细胞与内皮细胞的粘附是其外渗和进一步转移的关键步骤。已有研究证实肠道菌群在CRC恶性肿瘤中的重要作用。具核梭杆菌可增加CRC细胞的增殖和侵袭活性,发现具核梭杆菌可以通过诱导ICAM1的表达增强了CRC细胞与内皮细胞的粘附,促进了肿瘤细胞的外渗和转移。从机制上来看,具核梭杆菌诱导一种新的模式:识别受体ALPK1激活NF-κB通路,导致ICAM1上调。CRC患者肿瘤组织中具核梭杆菌的丰富度与ALPK1和ICAM1的表达水平呈显著正相关,此外,ALPK1或ICAM1的高表达水平与CRC患者较短的存活时间显著相关。证实具核梭杆菌在CRC中的负面作用。
肠道菌群影响肿瘤治疗效果:在肿瘤治疗上,已有强有力的证据表明肠道菌群影响包括CRC在内的各种癌症的疗效。免疫治疗是通过免疫检查点阻断(ICB)来实现的,它激活T淋巴细胞介导的免疫反应来改善肿瘤的免疫监测。肿瘤微环境中的免疫检查点抑制剂(ICIs)通过拮抗T细胞上的负调控因子来抑制肿瘤细胞的免疫逃逸。ICB疗法已应用于DNA错配修复缺失型CRC临床资料,但只有部分患者免疫治疗后缓解率显著改善,研究发现ICB的疗效与宿主肠道菌群的特征相关,使用抗生素导致的肠道菌群失调不利于ICB治疗效果,而双歧杆菌和Akkermansia muciniphila可通过促进树突状细胞的抗原呈递来增强宿主对ICB治疗的免疫应答。这些结果支持了使用外源性益生菌可能是提高ICB疗效的一种方法。益生菌与ICIs对肿瘤抑制的协同作用似乎有菌株特异性,因此有必要评估单个益生菌株在ICB治疗中的疗效。另一项研究在64名抗PD-1治疗的晚期肝胆肿瘤患者中进行,对肠道菌群的分析发现有74个分类群在临床获益组(CBR)显著富集,40个分类群在非临床获益组(NCB)显著富集。在这些分类群中,Lachnospiraceae bacterium-GAM79和Alistipes spMarseille-P5997丰度较高的患者(在CBR组中显著富集)比丰度较低的患者获得更长的无进展生存期(PFS)和总生存期(OS)。在PFS较长的患者中,CBR组富集的Ruminococcuscalidus和Erysipelotichaceae bacterium-GAM147的丰度也较高。相反,Veillonellaceae丰度较高的患者PFS和OS较短,而NCB组中Veillonellaceae显著富集。基因功能注释表明,CBR组的富集类群与能量代谢相关,而NCB组的富集类群与氨基酸代谢相关,这可能调节肝胆肿瘤免疫治疗的临床反应。此外,免疫治疗相关的不良反应也受到肠道菌群多样性和相对丰度的影响。
通过调节肠道菌群来缓解CRC的研究进展:在AOM/DSS造模的CRC小鼠中使用乳果糖处理后肠道菌群的组成可得到恢复,大肠杆菌和产气荚膜梭菌等病原菌丰度降低,肠乳杆菌、鼠乳杆菌、Bacteroides caecimuris、 Muribaculum、毛螺菌科的丰度显著增加,肠道菌群代谢分析显示血红素生物合成和L-组氨酸降解被下调,而N-乙酰葡糖氨、N-乙酰甘露糖胺、N-乙酰神经胺酸、L-1,2-丙二醇降解途径显著上调。健康的肠道菌群中有丰富的SCFAs产生菌,产生的SCFAs以乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、乳酸为主,SCFAs具有调节肠道免疫细胞发育等多种作用,包括预防和减轻CRC。体外细胞中,使用富含丙酸的Bacteroidesthetaiotaomicron的培养基,导致HECTD2和TNFAIP1的上调并可以降低EHMT2的水平,可诱导人结肠癌细胞HCT116和LS174凋亡。使用人多能干细胞(hPSC)衍生的肠道类器官(hIO),并以剂量依赖性的方式给与丙酸盐(0 mM,1mM,2.5 mM,5 mM)并检测细胞活力,丙酸盐的起效浓度有效地抑制了结肠癌细胞系的活力,而不影响正常肠道的活力。在分子机制上,丙酸盐诱导EHMT2的蛋白酶体降解,通过调节蛋白酶体降解的翻译后修饰来影响EHMT2的稳定性,EHMT2的降低诱导了细胞凋亡从而抑制了结肠癌的生长,进而抑制CRC细胞增殖并诱导凋亡。同时发现丁酸盐具有丙酸盐类似的功能,认为提高肠道内SCFAs产生菌数量可抑制CRC生长。
通过以上研究证据,认为人体和肠道菌群的相互作用对CRC发生和治疗有明确相关性,肠道菌群或许是CRC预防和治疗的必要条件,是一个越来越有希望、越来越被了解的治疗靶点。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是:提供一种改善肠道菌群、增加肠道内SCFAs产生、预防CRC发生、改善CRC治疗效果的可改善结直肠癌症状的益生菌组合物。
为解决上述技术问题,采用的技术方案为:该益生菌组合物,包括下述菌株的菌株冻干粉,各菌株冻干粉按测量的活菌数CFU/g比例份数关系如下:
菌株 | 保藏机构和编号 | 活菌数份数 |
乳双歧杆菌Bla019 | CGMCC No.17055 | 1~20份; |
布氏乳杆菌Lbu3 | CGMCC No.17053 | 1~20份; |
植物乳杆菌Lp3a | CGMCC No.17054 | 1~20份; |
长双歧杆菌BL5b | CGMCC No.17056 | 1~20份; |
副干酪乳杆菌LPC45 | CGMCC No.22772 | 1~20份; |
短双歧杆菌BB033 | CGMCC No.22777 | 1~20份; |
嗜酸乳杆菌LA16 | CGMCC No.22771 | 1~20份; |
罗伊氏乳杆菌LR06 | CGMCC No.22775 | 1~20份; |
植物乳杆菌YS4 | CCTCC No.M2016750 | 1~20份; |
鼠李糖乳杆菌LRYZU021 | CCTCC No.M2017640 | 1~20份; |
发酵乳杆菌suo | CCTCC No.M2013511 | 1~20份; |
乳双歧杆菌L-SN | CGMCC No.7763 | 1~20份。 |
所述的一种改善结直肠癌症状的益生菌组合物,该益生菌组合物,包括下述菌株的菌株冻干粉,各菌株冻干粉按测量的活菌数CFU/g比例份数关系如下:
菌株 | 保藏机构和编号 | 活菌数份数 |
乳双歧杆菌Bla019 | CGMCC No.17055 | 1~5份; |
布氏乳杆菌Lbu3 | CGMCC No.17053 | 1~5份; |
植物乳杆菌Lp3a | CGMCC No.17054 | 1~5份; |
长双歧杆菌BL5b | CGMCC No.17056 | 1~5份; |
副干酪乳杆菌LPC45 | CGMCC No.22772 | 1~5份; |
短双歧杆菌BB033 | CGMCC No.22777 | 1~5份; |
嗜酸乳杆菌LA16 | CGMCC No.22771 | 1~5份; |
罗伊氏乳杆菌LR06 | CGMCC No.22775 | 1~20份; |
植物乳杆菌YS4 | CCTCC No.M2016750 | 1~20份; |
鼠李糖乳杆菌LRYZU021 | CCTCC No.M2017640 | 1~20份; |
发酵乳杆菌suo | CCTCC No.M2013511 | 1~10份; |
乳双歧杆菌L-SN | CGMCC No.7763 | 1~10份。 |
所述的益生菌组合物,益生菌菌株为冷冻干燥的固体粉末或颗粒形式,总活菌数数量为100亿-20000亿CFU/g。
所述的乳双歧杆菌Bla019,其保藏信息如下:
分类命名: 乳双歧杆菌;
拉丁文名称:Bifidobacterium lactis;
保藏该生物材料样品的单位全称:中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心;
地址:北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院3号;
保藏日期:2019年01月02日保藏中心收到,并登记入册;经保藏中心于2019年01月02日检测,结果:存活;
保藏编号:CGMCC No. 17055。
所述的布氏乳杆菌Lbu3,其保藏信息如下:
分类命名: 布氏乳杆菌;
拉丁文名称:Lactobacillus buchneri;
保藏该生物材料样品的单位全称:中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心;
地址:北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院3号;
保藏日期:2019年01月02日保藏中心收到,并登记入册;经保藏中心于2019年01月02日检测,结果:存活;
保藏编号:CGMCC No. 17053。
所述的植物乳杆菌Lp3a,其保藏信息如下:
分类命名: 植物乳杆菌;
拉丁文名称:Lactobacillus plantarum;
保藏该生物材料样品的单位全称:中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心;
地址:北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院3号;
保藏日期:2019年01月02日保藏中心收到,并登记入册;经保藏中心于2019年01月02日检测,结果:存活;
保藏编号:CGMCC No. 17054。
所述的长双歧杆菌BL5b,其保藏信息如下:
分类命名: 长双歧杆菌;
拉丁文名称:Bifidobacterium longum;
保藏该生物材料样品的单位全称:中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心;
地址:北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院3号;
保藏日期:2019年01月02日保藏中心收到,并登记入册;经保藏中心于2019年01月02日检测,结果:存活;
保藏编号:CGMCC No. 17056。
所述的副干酪乳杆菌LPC45,其保藏信息如下:
分类命名: 副干酪乳杆菌;
拉丁文名称:Lactobacillus paracasei;
保藏该生物材料样品的单位全称:中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心;
地址:北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院3号;
保藏日期:2021年06月24日保藏中心收到,并登记入册;经保藏中心于2021年06月24日检测,结果:存活;
保藏编号:CGMCC No. 22772。
所述的短双歧杆菌BB033,其保藏信息如下:
分类命名: 短双歧杆菌;
拉丁文名称:Bifidobacterium breve;
保藏该生物材料样品的单位全称:中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心;
地址:北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院3号;
保藏日期:2021年06月24日保藏中心收到,并登记入册;经保藏中心于2021年06月24日检测,结果:存活;
保藏编号:CGMCC No. 22777。
所述的嗜酸乳杆菌LA16,其保藏信息如下:
分类命名: 嗜酸乳杆菌;
拉丁文名称:Lactobacillus acidophilus;
保藏该生物材料样品的单位全称:中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心;
地址:北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院3号;
保藏日期:2021年06月24日保藏中心收到,并登记入册;经保藏中心于2021年06月24日检测,结果:存活;
保藏编号:CGMCC No. 22771。
所述的罗伊氏乳杆菌LR06,其保藏信息如下:
分类命名: 罗伊氏乳杆菌;
拉丁文名称:Lactobacillus reuteri;
保藏该生物材料样品的单位全称:中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心;
地址:北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院3号;
保藏日期:2021年06月24日保藏中心收到,并登记入册;经保藏中心于2021年06月24日检测,结果:存活;
保藏编号:CGMCC No. 22775。
所述的植物乳杆菌YS4,其保藏信息如下:
分类命名: 植物乳杆菌YS4;
拉丁文名称:Lactobacillus plantarum YS4;
保藏该生物材料样品的单位全称:中国典型培养物保藏中心;
地址:中国.武汉.武汉大学;
保藏日期:2016年12月14日保藏中心收到,并登记入册;经保藏中心于2016年12月25日检测,结果:存活;
保藏编号:CCTCC NO:M 2016750。
所述的鼠李糖乳杆菌LRYZU021,其保藏信息如下:
分类命名: 鼠李糖乳杆菌 LRYZU021;
拉丁文名称:Lactobacillus rhamnosus LRYZU021;
保藏该生物材料样品的单位全称:中国典型培养物保藏中心;
地址:中国.武汉.武汉大学;
保藏日期:2017年10月30日保藏中心收到,并登记入册;经保藏中心于2017年11月20日检测,结果:存活;
保藏编号:CCTCC NO: M2017640。
所述的发酵乳杆菌suo,其保藏信息如下:
分类命名: 发酵乳杆菌suo;
拉丁文名称:Lactobacillus fermentum strain suo;
保藏该生物材料样品的单位全称:中国典型培养物保藏中心;
地址:中国.武汉.武汉大学;
保藏日期:2013年10月25日保藏中心收到,并登记入册;经保藏中心于2013年10月30日检测,结果:存活;
保藏编号:CCTCC NO: M 2013511。
所述的乳双歧杆菌L-SN,其保藏信息如下:
分类命名: 动物双歧杆菌乳亚种;
拉丁文名称:Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis;
保藏该生物材料样品的单位全称:中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心;
地址:北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院3号;
保藏日期:2013年06月19日保藏中心收到,并登记入册;经保藏中心于2013年06月19日检测,结果:存活;
保藏编号:CGMCC No.7763。
所述的益生菌组合物还包括占组合物总质量10~70%的非消化性碳水化合物,包括但不限于以下物质中的一种或多种:木聚糖、低聚木糖、阿拉伯木聚糖或寡糖、菊粉/聚果糖、低聚果糖、抗性淀粉、低聚异麦芽糖、低聚半乳糖、低聚乳果糖、半乳甘露聚糖或其降解产物、海藻酸钠或其降解产物、黄原胶或其降解产物、果胶或其降解产物、纤维素、半纤维素、壳聚糖或其降解产物。
本申请还保护一种改善结直肠癌症状的益生菌组合物的制备方法,其步骤包括:
S1按照比例,将益生菌菌株保存管接种至MRS液体培养基,厌氧条件下37℃培养48hr至旺盛生长后,以2~3%体积比接种至新的MRS液体培养基,37℃下培养24~48hr,离心收集菌体,加入由海藻糖、甘油、谷氨酸钠、甜菜碱、脱脂奶粉、吐温80、麦芽糊精、水成分构成冻干保护剂,重量比为菌泥:冻干保护剂=1:1;
S2搅拌均匀后放入真空冷冻干燥机内进行预冻和真空干燥;
S3干燥结束后,收集冻干固体,粉碎并过80目筛;
S4对粉末进行梯度稀释和平板培养,测出粉末的活菌数浓度;
S5根据制备的各菌株粉末的活菌数浓度和所述比例进行混合,总活菌数数量为100亿-20000亿CFU/g,并加入非消化性碳水化合物使其质量为总质量的10~70%。
本申请进一步保护一种改善结直肠癌症状的益生菌组合物在改善结直肠癌症状药物中的应用。
所述的一种改善结直肠癌症状的益生菌组合物的应用;所述的益生菌组合物的每天服用量为1-100g。
有益效果: 本发明通过对肠道菌群在CRC中的作用认知和对益生菌菌株的性质研究的基础上,提出了一个由多个益生菌菌株组成的益生菌组合物,用于改善肠道菌群、增加肠道内SCFAs产生、预防CRC发生、改善CRC治疗效果。
附图说明
图1、益生菌CRC小鼠结肠形态的影响;
图2不同处理组的粪便短链脂肪酸浓度;
图3不同处理组小鼠的结肠形态;
图4不同处理组的组织切片观察。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明的方法予以进一步地说明,但并不因此而限制本发明。
实施例
该益生菌组合物由下表所列出的菌株组成,在组合中各菌株活菌数占总活菌数的比例见表1。
表1益生菌组合物菌株组成
实施例1是菌株组成偏向均衡的一个组合,菌株用量百分比差异极值为16%。实施例2、3是突出重点菌株的组合,菌株用量百分比差异极值为21%,并且为确认重点菌株的替换性/减少菌株的局限性,对重点菌株使用功能近似的菌株进行替换形成两个实施例。通过动物试验的效果来判断哪一种设计思路(均衡型或重点型)更为有效。一些配方的设计分析和菌株功能替换性见表2和表3(百分比计算:菌株份数÷总分数×100%):
表2不同实施例的菌株组成分析
表3实施例2和实施例3中菌株在主要功能上的替换对应关系
益生菌组合物的制备
S1上述益生菌菌株保存管接种至MRS液体培养基,厌氧条件下37℃培养48hr至旺盛生长后,以2~3%体积比接种至新的MRS液体培养基,37℃下培养24~48hr,离心收集菌体,加入由海藻糖、甘油、谷氨酸钠、甜菜碱、脱脂奶粉、吐温80、麦芽糊精、水等成分构成冻干保护剂,比例为菌泥:冻干保护剂=1:1(重量比)。
S2搅拌均匀后放入真空冷冻干燥机内进行预冻和真空干燥。
S3干燥结束后,收集冻干固体,粉碎并过80目筛。
S4对粉末进行梯度稀释和平板培养,测出粉末的活菌数浓度(CFU/g)。
S5根据制备的各菌株粉末的活菌数浓度和上文中所述比例进行混合,该实施例中总菌数为200亿/g,并加入非消化性碳水化合物(抗性淀粉)使其质量为总质量的10~70%,该实施例中为50%。
益生菌组合物对CRC模型小鼠的效果:
6周龄C57BL/6小鼠,腹腔注射氧化偶氮甲烷(AOM)10mg/千克体重,5天后在饮用水中加入2.5%的葡聚糖硫酸钠(DSS)喂食30天后,与不进行处理的空白对照组相比,体重下降20%以上且粪便隐血评分3分及以上的个体为造瘤小鼠。将造瘤小鼠分为四组,一组为正常喂食的阳性对照组,另外三组为益生菌处理组,分别在在鼠粮中加入实施例1~3制备的益生菌组合物,,加入比例为1%。使用5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)以10mg/kg体重剂量口服给药作为药物对照组。在1、5、10周测量各组粪便中SCFA(乙酸+丙酸+丁酸)总浓度,10周后对各组进行采血并荧光定量PCR检测炎症因子、炎症相关酶类水平,处死后对各组进行结肠解剖学观察和组织染色,并对结肠组织取样进行荧光定量PCR检测肠道屏障功能相关因子和凋亡相关蛋白的表达;剥离瘤块后称重并以阳性对照组为基准根据瘤块重量计算抑瘤率。
测试结果表明,与阳性对照组相比,食用益生菌组合物10周后,益生菌处理组1~3均下调了促炎细胞因子(TNF-α,IFN-γ,IL-1β和IL-6)和炎症相关酶(iNOS和COX-2),上调了抗炎细胞因子(IL-4和IL-10);代表结肠屏障功能的黏液层生物标志物(muc2和TFF3)和紧密连接蛋白(occludin和ZO-1)上调,促凋亡因子(p53、p21和Bax)表达上调,抗凋亡因子表达(Bcl-2和Bcl-xL)下调,相对数值见表4。与益生菌处理组相比,药物对照组对各因子的调节效果并不好,认为这种差异来自作用机制不同,益生菌的作用机制是通过调节肠道细胞、免疫系统、代谢水平,通过自身的信号网络在整体性上改善各种因子水平和基因表达,而5-FU直接阻断细胞DNA合成,作为一种毒性成分直接杀死肿瘤细胞,对免疫因子和相关基因的调节并不明显,同时对正常细胞也有一定毒性作用,屏障相关蛋白的表达有所下降就体现了这一点。
肠道菌群宏基因组分析显示食用益生菌组合物后,菌群中葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus)减少,乳酸杆菌(Lactobacillus)、双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium)、Akkermansia增加(表5)。解剖观察表明疾病活动性指数降低,肿瘤数量明显减少,结肠长度和形态趋向正常(图1)。以上数据表明所用益生菌组合物具有改善CRC症状的效果。
表4不同基因的mRNA相对倍数差异(以空白对照组为1)
在1/5/10周对各组小鼠的粪便样品使用HPLC检测乙酸/丙酸/丁酸总浓度,益生菌处理组可显著提高粪便短链脂肪酸浓度,并显著高于空白对照组和药物处理组,表明肠道菌群组成和代谢途径的改善,见图2。
对各组进行结肠形态和组织切片观察,空白对照组为图3和图4中a,阳性对照组为图3和图4中b,解剖观察表明益生菌各处理组的疾病活动性指数降低,肿瘤数量明显减少,结肠长度和形态趋向正常(图3中c~e),镜检显示肿瘤细胞趋向高级分化进展(图4中c~e),药物处理组的疾病改善程度最佳(图3和图4中f),在瘤体重量上药物处理组最低,根据“抑制率 =(瘤体重量肿瘤对照组 - 瘤体重量某组)/ 瘤体重量肿瘤对照组”计算得药物对照组抑制率为55.98%,益生菌处理组1~3抑制率分别为42.34~31.82%,初步认为菌株组成比例更加平均的实施例1具有更好效果。
表5不同处理组的瘤体重量和抑瘤率
对抑制率最高的益生菌处理组1的肠道菌群宏基因组分析显示食用益生菌组合物后,菌群中葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus)减少,乳酸杆菌(Lactobacillus)、双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium)、Akkermansia增加(表6)。
表6不同处理组肠道菌株组成比例
Claims (8)
1.一种改善结直肠癌症状的益生菌组合物,该益生菌组合物,包括下述菌株的菌株冻干粉,其特征在于:各菌株冻干粉按测量的活菌数CFU/g比例份数关系如下:
菌株 保藏机构和编号 活菌数份数
乳双歧杆菌Bla019 CGMCC No.17055 1~20份;
布氏乳杆菌Lbu3 CGMCC No.17053 1~20份;
植物乳杆菌Lp3a CGMCC No.17054 1~20份;
长双歧杆菌BL5b CGMCC No.17056 1~20份;
副干酪乳杆菌LPC45 CGMCC No.22772 1~20份;
短双歧杆菌BB033 CGMCC No.22777 1~20份;
嗜酸乳杆菌LA16 CGMCC No.22771 1~20份;
罗伊氏乳杆菌LR06 CGMCC No.22775 1~20份;
植物乳杆菌YS4 CCTCC No.M2016750 1~20份;
鼠李糖乳杆菌LRYZU021 CCTCC No.M2017640 1~20份;
发酵乳杆菌suo CCTCC No.M2013511 1~20份;
乳双歧杆菌L-SN CGMCC No.7763 1~20份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种改善结直肠癌症状的益生菌组合物,其特征在于:该益生菌组合物,包括下述菌株的菌株冻干粉,各菌株冻干粉按测量的活菌数CFU/g比例份数关系如下:
菌株 保藏机构和编号 活菌数份数
乳双歧杆菌Bla019 CGMCC No.17055 1~5份;
布氏乳杆菌Lbu3 CGMCC No.17053 1~5份;
植物乳杆菌Lp3a CGMCC No.17054 1~5份;
长双歧杆菌BL5b CGMCC No.17056 1~5份;
副干酪乳杆菌LPC45 CGMCC No.22772 1~5份;
短双歧杆菌BB033 CGMCC No.22777 1~5份;
嗜酸乳杆菌LA16 CGMCC No.22771 1~5份;
罗伊氏乳杆菌LR06 CGMCC No.22775 1~20份;
植物乳杆菌YS4 CCTCC No.M2016750 1~20份;
鼠李糖乳杆菌LRYZU021 CCTCC No.M2017640 1~20份;
发酵乳杆菌suo CCTCC No.M2013511 1~10份;
乳双歧杆菌L-SN CGMCC No.7763 1~10份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种改善结直肠癌症状的益生菌组合物,其特征在于:所述的益生菌组合物,益生菌菌株为冷冻干燥的固体粉末或颗粒形式,总活菌数数量为100亿-20000亿CFU/g。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种改善结直肠癌症状的益生菌组合物,其特征在于:所述的益生菌组合物还包括占组合物总质量10~70%的非消化性碳水化合物。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种改善结直肠癌症状的益生菌组合物,其特征在于:所述的非消化性碳水化合物,包括但不限于以下物质中的一种或多种:木聚糖、低聚木糖、阿拉伯木聚糖或寡糖、菊粉/聚果糖、低聚果糖、抗性淀粉、低聚异麦芽糖、低聚半乳糖、低聚乳果糖、半乳甘露聚糖或其降解产物、海藻酸钠或其降解产物、黄原胶或其降解产物、果胶或其降解产物、纤维素、半纤维素、壳聚糖或其降解产物。
6.权利要求1-5任一项所述的一种改善结直肠癌症状的益生菌组合物的制备方法,其特征在于:其步骤包括:
S1按照比例,将益生菌菌株保存管接种至MRS液体培养基,厌氧条件下37℃培养48hr至旺盛生长后,以2~3%体积比接种至新的MRS液体培养基,37℃下培养24~48hr,离心收集菌体得到菌泥,加入由海藻糖、甘油、谷氨酸钠、甜菜碱、脱脂奶粉、吐温80、麦芽糊精、水构成的冻干保护剂,所述的菌泥与所述的冻干保护剂的重量比为1:1;
S2搅拌均匀后放入真空冷冻干燥机内进行预冻和真空干燥;
S3干燥结束后,收集冻干固体,粉碎并过80目筛;
S4对粉末进行梯度稀释和平板培养,测出粉末的活菌数浓度;
S5根据制备的各菌株粉末的活菌数浓度和所述比例进行混合,总活菌数数量为100亿-20000亿CFU/g,并加入非消化性碳水化合物使其质量为总质量的10~70%。
7.权利要求1-5任一项所述的一种改善结直肠癌症状的益生菌组合物在改善结直肠癌症状药物中的应用。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种改善结直肠癌症状的益生菌组合物的应用;其特征在于:所述的益生菌组合物的每天服用量为1-100g。
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