CN115283399A

CN115283399A - Kitchen is broken dehydration shaping all-in-one for refuse treatment

Info

Publication number: CN115283399A
Application number: CN202210967267.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘嗣哲; 周天然; 于健康; 陈洪月
Original assignee: Liaoning Technical University
Current assignee: Liaoning Technical University
Priority date: 2022-08-12
Filing date: 2022-08-12
Publication date: 2022-11-04

Abstract

The invention relates to a crushing and dewatering integrated machine for kitchen waste treatment, which comprises a rack and a sewage and dry material storage space arranged in the rack, wherein a crushing mechanism is positioned at the upper end of the rack, and two rows of heterodont crushing roller crushing mechanisms for crushing kitchen waste are arranged in the crushing mechanism and are connected with a material guide bin. The cleaning mechanism is arranged in the machine body, and can realize the spraying of the flocculating agent and the cleaning and disinfection of the interior of the machine body. The broken piece falls into dewatering mechanism in adding the flocculation, and the screw rod carries out further stirring to the piece after the breakage and flocculating agent and mixes and the dehydration. The liquid flowing characteristic and the wedge-shaped extrusion filter screen and the shell are utilized to enable the extruded liquid to flow into the sewage storage bin. The variable diameter screw is used for extruding the chips, and different discharging circular knives are used for controlling the shape and size of the dehydrated dry materials. The extruded material falls into a dry material storage bin arranged in the frame. The cleaning flocculation device is provided with an external connector which can be connected with a spray gun, and the outside of the whole machine and a kitchen waste conveying system can be conveniently cleaned and disinfected by steam.

Description

Kitchen is broken dehydration shaping all-in-one for refuse treatment

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of kitchen waste treatment, and particularly relates to a crushing, dewatering and forming integrated machine for kitchen waste treatment.

Background

The kitchen garbage refers to garbage generated in activities such as daily life, food processing, food service, unit meal supply and the like of residents, and comprises discarded vegetable leaves, leftovers, fruit peels, egg shells, tea residues, bones and the like, the main sources of the garbage are household kitchens, restaurants, dining halls, markets and other industries related to food processing, the kitchen garbage contains extremely high water, grease and organic matters, is easy to rot and generate stink, and can be converted into new resources after proper processing, the characteristic of high organic matter content enables the kitchen garbage to be used as fertilizer and feed after strict processing, and can also generate methane to be used as fuel or power generation, and the grease part can be used for preparing biofuel.

The kitchen waste treatment crushing, dewatering and forming machine is a device for crushing, dewatering and forming kitchen waste, but when the existing kitchen waste treatment device is used for treating the kitchen waste, the kitchen waste can only be crushed into waste chips to be discharged, the crushing condition of hard objects such as bones is poor, and the problems of large volume, much sewage, heavy odor, easy environmental pollution and the like in the storage and transportation process due to high water content of the crushed objects exist. The applicability is not high, so that the requirements of people are difficult to meet.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a crushing, dewatering and forming integrated machine for kitchen waste treatment.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.

The crushing and dewatering forming machine for kitchen garbage treatment comprises a machine frame, an extruded dry material and a sewage storage space, wherein the extruded dry material and the sewage storage space are integrated with the machine frame. Set up in the different tooth breaker of frame inside, spiral dewatering mechanism, material forming mechanism washs flocculation mechanism etc. can adjust out the moisture content and the shape of result through changing the change setting and different extrusion heads.

The abnormal tooth crusher is located the top of complete machine and is provided with the automatic whereabouts of convenient rubbish in rubbish mouth of throwing in, prevents to collapse and spatters.

The heterodont crusher adopts a new tooth-shaped arrangement mode to treat hard kitchen garbage such as bones and the like, and solves the problems of material slipping, material splashing and the like of the traditional crusher during treatment. The crushing efficiency is high, and the power required by the motor drive is small.

There is a guide feed bin at the lower end of the different-tooth crusher, the upper part of the guide feed bin is connected with the crusher and sealed by a sealing ring, the lower part of the guide feed bin is directly connected to the feed inlet of the screw extrusion dehydrator, and the lower part of the guide feed bin is connected with the feed inlet of the extrusion mechanism and sealed by a sealing ring.

The kitchen waste treatment is with setting up a washing flocculation device in the broken dehydration make-up machine frame, is provided with the clean mechanism of steam and flocculating agent pump respectively and goes into the mechanism inside washing flocculation device.

The spray head is arranged in the material guide bin, so that the mixing of a flocculating agent and garbage scraps and self-cleaning of high-temperature steam to the inside of the device can be realized.

The steam cleaning device is characterized in that a spray head is arranged in a material guide bin inside the machine, self-cleaning is achieved on the premise of saving water, the spray head with a connector capable of being connected with a hose is arranged outside the machine, and cleaning of the outside of the whole machine body and a kitchen waste conveying system (such as a storage barrel for storing kitchen waste) is achieved on the premise of saving water.

The spiral hole has been seted up to the shower nozzle, and this side spiral hole is impacted through the high-pressure steam of jet-propelled slant high temperature the side shield that leads feed bin side to set up accomplishes cleanly, and the spiral hole of opposite side accomplishes the mixture of flocculating agent and piece through jetting out the slant flocculating agent.

The dehydration extrusion device is positioned in the middle of the frame. The machine uses the screw extrusion structure, and the realization that can be better is wet and dry to separate, compares in traditional centrifugal dehydrator, belt, screen cloth compression roller formula hydroextractor and screen cloth formula hydroextractor, and the structure is succinct more stable. The separation efficiency is high.

The dehydration extrusion device is connected with the frame by using a nut and a bolt, and the discharge port is fixed with the frame by a bracket. The extrudate is directed along a conduit to a dry stock storage bin within the frame.

The dehydration extrusion device adopts a full-blade single-head reducing variable-pitch screw, secondary extrusion crushing can be carried out on kitchen garbage chips in the screw extrusion stage, and extruded material particles are tighter, so that the material and space are saved.

The dehydration extrusion device further mixes the broken chips with the flocculating agent sprayed by the spray head by the screw rod after the broken chips enter the spiral extrusion mechanism (the material is not filled in the section), and extrudes the crushed chips into the lower section screw rod (the material is shaped in the section), further dehydrates the last section of the crushed chips, and shapes the crushed chips by the extrusion circular knife.

According to the dehydration extrusion device, the extrusion die is arranged at the solid object discharge port, different dies can be replaced, and the structure arrangement enables the device to adjust the shape of the particles of the kitchen waste after being crushed according to needs, so that the device is higher in applicability.

The dewatering extrusion device can design the shell into a cone by virtue of the advantages of reducing and variable pitch of the dewatering extrusion device, and sewage which is naturally leaked and extruded can flow into the sewage storage bin along the shell through the sewage pipe under the action of gravity.

The device internal surface spraying has high temperature resistant, self-lubricating, antiseized even molybdenum disulfide coating, can make the chemical and physical properties of device more stable for it is easier to automatically clean.

The invention redesigns a novel gear tooth shape arrangement mode of the roller type crusher on the basis of the original kitchen waste crushing processor, saves energy and solves the problems of material slipping, material splashing and the like. The spherical spray head capable of spraying the flocculating agent and the high-temperature high-pressure steam is arranged in the material guide bin, so that the contact efficiency of the flocculating agent is higher, the characteristic that oil stains can be dissolved by the high-temperature high-pressure steam is utilized while water is saved, and a steam outlet is arranged outside the machine body, so that self-cleaning and high-temperature disinfection inside and outside the machine body are realized. Compared with a traditional centrifugal dehydrator, a belt type dehydrator, a screen press roller type dehydrator and a screen type dehydrator, the spiral dehydrator is simpler and more stable in structure and high in separation efficiency. Can directly carry out the moulding on next step at the solid discharge gate, the solid-liquid product after the separation all has sealed storage space, makes things convenient for transportation on next step, has avoided the pollution to the environment.

Drawings

Fig. 1 and 2 are schematic diagrams of the overall structure of the crushing, dewatering and forming integrated machine for kitchen waste treatment.

Fig. 3 and 4 are schematic diagrams of the different-tooth roller type crushing device of the crushing, dewatering and forming integrated machine for kitchen waste treatment.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a spiral dewatering device of the crushing, dewatering and forming integrated machine for kitchen waste treatment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 and 7 are schematic diagrams of a dry and wet product storage bin of a machine frame of the crushing, dewatering and forming integrated machine for kitchen waste treatment.

Fig. 8-12 are schematic diagrams of a cleaning and flocculating device of the crushing, dewatering and forming integrated machine for kitchen waste treatment.

Reference numerals: 1. a crushing mechanism; 2. a material guiding bin; 3. a spiral dewatering mechanism; 4. a frame; 5. a sewage storage bin; 6. a dry material storage bin; 7. cleaning the flocculation device; 8. a motor; 9. a crusher housing; 10. a spray head; 11. draining water gaps; 12. a variable-diameter variable-pitch screw; 13. extruding the material with a circular cutter; 14. a dry material storage bin; 15. an end cap; 16. a sewage storage bin; 17. (ii) a A crushing roller shaft; 18. a bearing; 19. positioning the shaft; 20. a cutter tooth washer; 21. a 12-tooth different-tooth crushing blade; 22. 11-tooth different-tooth crushing blades; 23. a 12-tooth different-tooth crushing blade; 24. 13-tooth different-tooth crushing blades; 25. a filter screen; 26. a screw dehydrator housing; 27. a seal ring; 28. a water collection pipe; 29. a feed inlet; 30. a flocculant storage and output system; 31. a bottom ramp; 32. a material taking door; 33. a flocculant storage and output system; 34. a collection conduit; 35. a steam outlet in the machine body; 36. a header; 37. a steam generating device; 38. a steam channel; 39. a liquid guiding pipeline; 40. and a liquid discharge valve.

Detailed Description

The following further describes a specific embodiment of the crushing, dewatering and forming integrated machine for kitchen waste treatment according to the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings 1-12. The crushing, dewatering and forming all-in-one machine for treating kitchen waste is not limited to the description of the following embodiments.

Example 1.

The embodiment provides a specific structure of a crushing mechanism of a crushing, dewatering and forming all-in-one machine for kitchen waste disposal, which comprises a crusher shell 9, and a positive crushing roller a and a negative crushing roller b which are arranged inside the crusher shell, and solves the problems of material slipping, material splashing and the like during crushing through different tooth shapes. The crushing efficiency is high.

The spindle nose of broken roller 17 is gone up to rotate and is installed location fixture block 19, and the bearing mounting groove has all been seted up to the both ends position that breaker shell 9 front surface and rear surface lie in broken roller, and the bearing block is in the mounting groove.

The lower surface of the shell of the crusher 1 is connected with the material guide bin 2, and crushed materials are directly guided into the dehydration mechanism 3.

Example 2.

The wall of the material guide bin 2 is internally provided with a mounting groove, the spray head 10 is arranged at the middle parts of the two crushing rollers a and b, and a flocculating agent is pumped into the material guide bin to be in contact with and mixed with the crushed kitchen garbage chips better when the crushed kitchen garbage chips fall down.

By adopting the technical scheme.

The peripheral wall of the spray head 10 is provided with spray holes which impact the inner wall of the side baffle on the side surface of the material guide bin 2 by ejecting oblique high-temperature and high-pressure steam to complete cleaning. After the crushing is finished, the steam cleaning system starts to work, oil stains and the like in the container are easily attached to the inner surface of the machine to be cleaned by high-temperature and high-pressure steam, and the pollution caused by putrefaction of residues in the machine is avoided. Meanwhile, the high-temperature steam and the flocculating agent share the same flow channel at the nozzle, so that after the flocculating agent is added, the steam can carry out internal self-cleaning on the nozzle system, and the influence on the function and the service life of the nozzle caused by corrosion and residues generated after the flocculating agent is dried is avoided. The structure arrangement enables the device to mix the flocculating agent and the debris to realize cleaning and disinfection in the machine, and also enables the spray head to be self-cleaned, so that the device is higher in applicability.

Example 3.

In this embodiment, a specific structure of a double-geared roller crusher for kitchen waste disposal is provided, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 5, a groove capable of matching a material guiding slideway 29 and a wedge-shaped filter screen 25 is arranged inside a shell 26 of a dewatering mechanism 3, and a reducing screw rod is fixed in the dewatering mechanism through a pressing ring and a sealing ring.

The screw rod 12 falls into behind the surplus piece in kitchen the screw rod in the non-variable pitch stage of initial segment behind the dehydration extrusion mechanism and further mixes flocculating agent and the surplus piece in kitchen, can carry out the secondary extrusion breakage to the surplus rubbish piece in kitchen in the screw rod extrusion stage, and the material granule of extruding is compacter more, and the drier after the extrusion gets into the drier through the passage guide after extrusion circular knife 13 is moulding and stores storehouse 14. A sewage flow passage is formed between the shell and the wedge-shaped filter screen, a water collecting pipe 31 is arranged at the lower part of the shell by utilizing the water fluidity, and the water collecting pipe 31 is connected with the sewage storage bin 16.

By adopting the technical scheme.

Kitchen is remained rubbish when screw dehydration mechanism 3, and the water sewage in the rubbish is remained in the kitchen can be extruded and strained to derive by the collector pipe, reduced the water content of rubbish is remained in the kitchen and moulding it, the convenient later stage processing to rubbish is remained in the kitchen. The sewage and solid storage bin is provided with a quick discharge port for the produced substances, so that the later transfer and transportation of the kitchen garbage are facilitated.

Example 4.

This embodiment provides a kitchen is concrete structure of double tooth roller crusher for refuse treatment, as shown in fig. 6-11, washs flocculation mechanism, and inside is provided with flocculating agent storage pump mechanism, steam generator to and pipe mechanism respectively, can be with flocculating agent and steam pump to realize the flocculation of piece and the automatically cleaning of machine in the shower nozzle.

The working principle is as follows: referring to fig. 1-12, when the device is used, firstly, according to the type of garbage contained in kitchen garbage subjected to crushing treatment, the speed of a crusher and a dewatering mechanism is regulated, after the regulation is completed, the kitchen garbage passes through a space between a positive different-tooth crushing roller a and a negative different-tooth crushing roller b through a funnel-shaped shell on a crushing mechanism shell 1, the kitchen garbage is crushed through the rotation of the positive different-tooth crushing roller a and the negative different-tooth crushing roller b, a flocculant sprayed by a spray head 10 is mixed with garbage fragments when solid-liquid mixture after the crushing passes through a material guide bin 2, and steam is sprayed out from a spray opening after the crushing is completed to clean the interiors of the crushing mechanism and the material guide bin. The mixed product falls into the spiral dehydrator 3 through the guide slide and the mixture undergoes mixing stirring under the action of the screw, and the steps of extrusion dehydration molding and the like, after the sewage is filtered by the wedge-shaped filter screen 25, the sewage enters the water storage space to be stored and can be discharged by the sewage valve 40, and the kitchen garbage after dehydration extrusion molding enters the dry material storage bin through the guide pipe and can be discharged by the material taking door 32.

The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention, taken in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments thereof, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to those precise embodiments. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A crushing, dewatering and forming integrated machine for kitchen waste treatment comprises a rack (4), a sewage storage bin (5) and a dry material storage bin (6) which are arranged in the rack (4); a cleaning flocculation device (7) arranged on the frame (4); the crushing mechanism (1) is arranged on the rack (4); a spiral dewatering mechanism (3) arranged on the frame (4); the method is characterized in that: a positive different-tooth crushing roller (a) and a negative different-tooth crushing roller (b) are arranged in the crushing mechanism (1), and the positive different-tooth crushing roller and the negative different-tooth crushing roller are powered by a special driving mechanism (5); a positive different-tooth crushing roller (a) and a negative different-tooth crushing roller (b) are arranged in the crushing mechanism (1) and are positioned through a positioning shaft (19), and the positive different-tooth crushing roller (a) and the negative different-tooth crushing roller (b) are sealed with a shell through a bearing (18); a shell (9) of the crushing mechanism (1) is connected with a material guide bin (2) at the lower end, the inner wall of the material guide bin is a smooth inclined plane, and a spray head (10) is arranged in the material guide bin and can spray out a flocculating agent and high-temperature steam; the lower end of the material guide bin (2) is connected with a feed inlet (29) of the extruding and dewatering mechanism (3); a feed inlet (29) of the spiral dewatering mechanism (3) is matched with a shell (26) and a filter screen (25) of the spiral dewatering mechanism (3) of the extrusion dewatering mechanism (3), and garbage scraps crushed by the crushing mechanism (1) are extruded out through a material extrusion circular knife (13) after being extruded and dewatered by a screw rod (12) after being guided into the spiral dewatering mechanism (3).

2. The crushing, dewatering and forming all-in-one machine for kitchen waste treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the special tooth crushing blade (21), the special tooth crushing blade (22), the special tooth crushing blade (23), the special tooth crushing blade (24) and the blade gasket (20) are matched with the crushing roller shaft (17) through key grooves, and a bearing (18) is arranged between the crushing roller shaft and the shell to realize the supporting and ensuring precision of the rotary mechanism of the crushing roller.

3. The crushing, dewatering and forming all-in-one machine for kitchen waste treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the spray head (10) is arranged in the middle of the material guide bin (2), and the spray head and the two sets of pipeline systems are respectively connected with the steam generation mechanism (37) and the flocculating agent storage mechanism (30) through a tail end pipeline (36) of the initial section pipeline (35).

4. The crushing, dewatering and forming all-in-one machine for kitchen waste treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the spiral dehydrator shell (26) is fixed with the rack (4) through bolts, and the end cover (15) and the sealing ring (27) finish the sealing of the screw rod (12); the feed inlet (29) is matched with the shell (26) and the filter screen (25), and the filter screen (25) is matched with the shell (26); the shell (26) of the spiral dehydrator extends into the dry material storage bin (14); a water collecting pipe (28) on the shell (26) of the spiral dehydrator extends into the sewage storage bin (16); the inner bottom plates of the dry material storage bin (14) and the sewage storage bin (16) are provided with inclined planes (31), and the side surfaces of the dry and wet storage bins are respectively provided with a material taking door (33) and a liquid discharge valve (40).

5. The crushing, dewatering and forming all-in-one machine for kitchen waste treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cleaning flocculation device (7) is fixed on the rack (4) through bolts, and the steam generator (40) and the flocculating agent storage and output system (33) are fixed on the bolts inside the cleaning flocculation device (7); the steam generator comprises an internal steam outlet (35) and an external steam outlet (6) of the steam generator (37), wherein the internal steam outlet (35) is connected with an air guide pipeline (34) and finally enters the spray head (10), the steam outlet (6) can be externally connected with a steam spray gun, and a steam channel (38) is connected with a liquid guide pipeline (39) and finally enters the spray head (10).