CN115282213A - 一种促进公猪生精的中西药混合散剂 - Google Patents
一种促进公猪生精的中西药混合散剂 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开一种促进公猪生精的中西药混合散剂，由以下重量份数的原料组成：黄芪5‑15份，党参15‑30份，淫羊藿15‑30份，菟丝子5‑15份，蛇床子5‑15份，枸纪子5‑15份，甘草5‑15份，精氨酸0.5‑1.5份。本发明所提供的中西药混合散剂能够有效地提高种公猪的精子体积、精子活力、精子密度，降低精子畸形率，改善精液品质，提高种公猪的繁殖能力。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及畜牧中药技术领域，尤其涉及一种促进公猪生精的中西药混合散剂的制备和应用。
背景技术
猪的人工授精是指利用采精设备采集种公猪的精液，随后经过精液的检测、处理和保存等步骤，最后使用输精设备将精液输送到发情母猪的生殖道内，使母猪成功受孕。相较于传统的自然交配，猪的人工授精具有提高良种利用率、克服个体差异、实现异地配种、减少疾病传播、降低养殖成本等优点，对猪的生产实践有着重要意义。
人工授精的技术要点中最重要的便是保证精液的品质，即质量和数量。影响种公猪精液品质的因素有很多，遗传、年龄、季节、营养、光照、运动、饲养管理、配种强度和疾病等都会对精液的品质造成影响。如何改善种公猪的精液品质，是生产实践中提高母猪受胎率，进而提高生产效率的关键。
目前市场上的改善种公猪精液品质的产品大致可以分为三类：第一类为营养性产品，主要为营养补充剂和微生态制剂，可以在饲料中长期添加，能使种公猪的精液品质维持正常水平，但不能太大地提高精液品质；第二类为化学药物，主要为补肾壮阳类药物，可以短时间内提高种公猪的精液品质，但化学药物不能长期使用，并且一旦停药就会快速反弹；第三类为中药类产品，无毒副作用，但见效慢。
发明内容
基于背景技术中存在的技术问题，本发明提供了一种促进公猪生精的中西药混合散剂。该散剂对精子数量稀少或精子活力下降的种公猪具有良好的治疗作用，同时也可以用于种公猪的日常保健，提高种公猪繁殖性能和免疫力。
为实现上述目的，本发明是通过如下技术方案实现的：
本发明提供的一种促进公猪生精的中西药混合散剂，其原料为中药：黄芪、党参、淫羊藿、菟丝子、蛇床子、枸纪子、甘草；西药：精氨酸。
具体的，本发明由按重量份计的如下原料组成：黄芪5-15份，党参15-30份，淫羊藿15-30份，菟丝子5-15份，蛇床子5-15份，枸纪子5-15份，甘草5-15份，精氨酸0.5-1.5份。
优选的，作为种公猪用产品，按重量份计，由如下原料组成：黄芪10份，党参20份，淫羊藿20份，菟丝子10份，蛇床子10份，枸纪子10份，甘草10份，精氨酸1份。
具体的，所述产品的剂型为散剂或粉剂。
本发明所提供散剂的成分效用如下：
黄芪为豆科植物蒙古黄芪的根。味甘，性微温；归脾、肺经。具有补气固表，托毒排脓，利尿，生肌的功能。可用于气虚乏力、久泻脱肛、自汗、水肿、子宫脱垂、慢性肾炎蛋白尿、糖尿病、疮口久不愈合。
党参为桔梗科植物党参、素花党参、或川党参等的干燥根。味甘，性平，无毒；归脾、肺经。具有补中益气、止渴、健脾益肺，养血生津的功能。可用于脾肺气虚，食少倦怠，咳嗽虚喘，气血不足，面色萎黄，心悸气短，津伤口渴，内热消渴，懒言短气、四肢无力、食欲不佳、气虚、气津两虚、气血双亏以及血虚萎黄等。
淫羊藿小檗科植物淫羊藿、三枝九叶草、柔毛淫羊藿、或朝鲜淫羊藿的干燥叶。味辛、甘、性温；归肝、肾经。具有补肾阳，强筋骨、祛风湿的功能。可用于肾阳虚衰所致阳痿遗精、筋骨痿软、风湿痹痛、麻木拘挛。
菟丝子为旋花科植物南方菟丝子或菟丝子的干燥成熟种子。味辛、甘，性平；归肝、肾、脾经。具有补益肝肾，固精缩尿，安胎，明目，止泻，外用具有消风祛斑的功能。可用于肝肾不足，腰膝酸软，阳痿遗精，遗尿尿频，肾虚胎漏，胎动不安，目昏耳鸣，脾肾虚泻；外治白癜风。
蛇床子为伞形科植物蛇床的干燥成熟果实。味辛、苦，性温；归肾经。具有燥湿祛风，杀虫止痒，温肾壮阳的功能。可用于阴痒带下，湿疹瘙痒，湿痹腰痛，肾虚阳痿，宫冷不孕。
枸纪子为茄科植物枸杞或青海枸杞的成熟果实。味甘，性平；归肝、肾经。具有滋肾，润肺，补肝，明目的功能。可用于肝肾阴亏，腰膝酸软，头晕，目眩，目昏多泪，虚劳咳嗽，消渴，遗精。
甘草为豆科植物甘草、胀果甘草或光果甘草的干燥根和根茎。味甘，性平；归心、肺、脾、胃经。具有补脾益气，清热解毒，祛痰止咳，缓急止痛，调和诸药的功能。可用于脾胃虚弱，倦怠乏力，心悸气短，咳嗽痰多，脘腹、四肢挛急疼痛，痈肿疮毒，缓解药物毒性、烈性。
精氨酸为白色菱形结晶或单斜片状结晶，由蛋白质(如明胶)水解物经离子交换树脂或氢氧化钡分离而得。无臭，味苦，易溶于水。精氨酸是精子蛋白的主要成分，具有促进精子生成，提供精子运动能量的功能。可用于精液分泌不足和精子缺乏引起的男性不育症。
基于上述配方，本发明还提供该产品的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)将黄芪、党参、淫羊藿、菟丝子、蛇床子、枸纪子、甘草进行超微粉碎；
(2)过筛，得到中药混合料；
(3)与精氨酸进行混合，得到所需散剂。
本发明可用于治疗或预防给药。用于治疗时将该散剂与种公猪饲料混合，散剂与饲料的比例为1：100，每天饲喂2次，连续7天；用于预防时将该散剂与种公猪饲料混合，散剂与饲料的比例为1：200，每天饲喂2次，连续7天。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：
本发明可以有效的提高种公猪的精液品质，同时还能补充气血和提高种公猪免疫力，弥补了营养补充剂和微生态制剂的不足。配方中所用药物均为饲料中允许添加的药物，无毒副作用，可在饲料中长期添加，克服了化学药物的不足。同时，本发明将配方中各组分进行超微粉碎，有效增加了各组分的生物利用率，使种公猪可以更快地吸收药效，克服了常规中药类产品见效慢的问题。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1提供的饲喂前后种公猪精子体积的数据统计图。
图2为本发明实施例1提供的饲喂前后种公猪精子活力的数据统计图。
图3为本发明实施例1提供的饲喂前后种公猪精子密度的数据统计图。
图4为本发明实施例1提供的饲喂前后种公猪精子畸形率的数据统计图。
图5为本发明实施例1提供的饲喂前后种公猪有效精子数的数据统计图。
图6为本发明实施例2提供的饲喂前后种公猪精子线粒体数目的数据统计图。
图7为本发明实施例2提供的饲喂前后种公猪精子顶体数目的数据统计图。
图8为本发明实施例2提供的饲喂前后种公猪精子体积的数据统计图；图中1为饲喂前种公猪精子体积，2～7为饲喂中种公猪精子体积，8为饲喂后种公猪精子体积。
图9为本发明实施例2提供的饲喂前后种公猪精子活力的数据统计图；图中1为饲喂前种公猪精子活力，2～7为饲喂中种公猪精子活力，8为饲喂后种公猪精子活力。
图10为本发明实施例2提供的饲喂前后种公猪精子密度的数据统计图；图中1为饲喂前种公猪精子密度，2～7为饲喂中种公猪精子密度，8为饲喂后种公猪精子密度。
图11为本发明实施例2提供的饲喂前后种公猪精子畸形率的数据统计图；图中1为饲喂前种公猪精子畸形率，2～7为饲喂中种公猪精子畸形率，8为饲喂后种公猪精子畸形率。
图12为本发明实施例2提供的饲喂前后种公猪有效精子数的数据统计图；图中1为饲喂前种公猪有效精子数，2～7为饲喂中种公猪有效精子数，8为饲喂后种公猪有效精子数。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果更加清楚，下面将对本发明的优选实施例进行详细的说明，以方便技术人员理解。
实施例1
一种促进公猪生精的中西药混合散剂，由以下重量份数的原料组成。黄芪10份，党参20份，淫羊藿20份，菟丝子10份，蛇床子10份，枸纪子10份，甘草10份，精氨酸1份。
制备方法：
将黄芪、党参、淫羊藿、菟丝子、蛇床子、枸纪子、甘草进行超微粉碎，过筛得到中药混合料，与精氨酸进行混合，得到所需散剂。
试验方法：
(1)试验动物选择精子活力低的种公猪；
(2)饲喂该散剂前采集精液2次，精液采集后用卡苏检测设备对种公猪精液的精子体积、精子活力、精子畸形率、精子密度进行检测，并分析有效精子数，最后使用GraphPadPrism软件对数据进行统计分析。
(3)饲喂该散剂中采集精液3次，精液采集后用卡苏检测设备对种公猪精液的精子体积、精子活力、精子畸形率、精子密度进行检测，并分析有效精子数，最后使用GraphPadPrism软件对数据进行统计分析。
(4)饲喂该散剂后采集精液2次，精液采集后用卡苏检测设备对种公猪精液的精子体积、精子活力、精子畸形率、精子密度进行检测，并分析有效精子数，最后使用GraphPadPrism软件对数据进行统计分析。
试验结果：
总的来说，在饲喂该散剂后，种公猪精液的精子体积、精子活力、精子密度均呈上升趋势，精子畸形率呈下降趋势，最终有效精子数增多(如图1～5所示)。该散剂可以有效地提高种公猪的精液品质。
实施例2
一种促进公猪生精的中西药混合散剂，由以下重量份数的原料组成。黄芪10份，党参20份，淫羊藿20份，菟丝子10份，蛇床子10份，枸纪子10份，甘草10份，精氨酸1份。
制备方法：
将黄芪、党参、淫羊藿、菟丝子、蛇床子、枸纪子、甘草进行超微粉碎，过筛得到中药混合料，与精氨酸进行混合，得到所需散剂。
试验方法：
(1)试验动物选择精子活力低的种公猪；
(2)饲喂该散剂前后各采集一次种公猪的血液，使用全自动血细胞分析仪检测种公猪的血常规指标，最后使用GraphPad Prism软件对数据进行统计分析。
(3)饲喂该散剂前采集种公猪精液1次，饲喂中采集3次，饲喂后采集1次，使用流式细胞仪检测精液中精子的线粒体和顶体数量，最后使用GraphPad Prism软件对数据进行统计分析。
(4)饲喂该散剂前采集种公猪精液1次，饲喂中采集6次，饲喂后采集1次，精液采集后用卡苏检测设备对种公猪精液的精子体积、精子活力、精子畸形率、精子密度进行检测，并分析有效精子数，最后使用GraphPad Prism软件对数据进行统计分析。
试验结果：
(1)血常规指标分析结果：
血常规结果显示精子活力低的种公猪在使用该散剂前，血液中的淋巴细胞百分率、淋巴细胞数目和平均血红蛋白浓度均低于正常范围，而粒细胞百分率、中间细胞数目、粒细胞数目、红细胞平均体积和大血小板比率均高于正常范围。说明精子活力低的种公猪很可能存在慢性感染或慢性炎症，机体免疫力下降，处于亚健康状态。在使用该散剂后，种公猪血液中的淋巴细胞百分率和淋巴细胞数目虽然没有恢复到正常范围，但相比于用药前均有显著的上升；同时，用药后的白细胞数目和粒细胞数目均有上升(如表1所示)。本试验结果表明本发明所述散剂对种公猪具有一定的提高机体免疫力的功效。
表1
(2)精子线粒体和顶体分析结果：
精子线粒体和顶体分析结果显示饲喂该散剂可以有效地提高种公猪精子的线粒体和顶体数目，进而提高精子品质(如图6～7所示)。
(3)精子品质分析结果：
精子品质分析结果显示在饲喂该散剂后，种公猪精液的精子体积、精子活力、精子密度均呈上升趋势，精子畸形率呈下降趋势，最终有效精子数增多(如图8～12所示)。该散剂可以有效地提高种公猪的精液品质。
虽然，上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施方案对本发明作了详尽的描述，但在本发明基础上，可以对之作一些修改或改进，这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此，在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进，均属于本发明要求保护的范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种促进公猪生精的中西药混合散剂，其特征在于：由以下重量份数的原料组成：黄芪5-15份，党参15-30份，淫羊藿15-30份，菟丝子5-15份，蛇床子5-15份，枸纪子5-15份，甘草5-15份，精氨酸0.5-1.5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种促进公猪生精的中西药混合散剂，其特征在于：由以下重量份数的原料组成：黄芪10份，党参20份，淫羊藿20份，菟丝子10份，蛇床子10份，枸纪子10份，甘草10份，精氨酸1份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种促进公猪生精的中西药混合散剂，其特征在于：所述产品的剂型为散剂或粉剂。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的一种促进公猪生精的中西药混合散剂的制备方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：
（1）将黄芪、党参、淫羊藿、菟丝子、蛇床子、枸纪子、甘草进行超微粉碎；
（2）过筛，得到中药混合料；
（3）与精氨酸进行混合，得到所需散剂。
5.如权利要求1或2所述的中西药混合散剂在促进公猪生精中的应用，其特征在于：该散剂可用于治疗或预防给药；用于治疗时，该散剂与公猪饲料的混合比例为1：100，每天饲喂2次，连续7天；用于预防时，该散剂与公猪饲料的混合比例为1：200，每天饲喂2次，连续7天。
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Application publication date: 20221104 |