CN115273385A - Camera for flame detection - Google Patents
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- CN115273385A CN115273385A CN202210809946.7A CN202210809946A CN115273385A CN 115273385 A CN115273385 A CN 115273385A CN 202210809946 A CN202210809946 A CN 202210809946A CN 115273385 A CN115273385 A CN 115273385A
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- G08B17/12—Actuation by presence of radiation or particles, e.g. of infrared radiation or of ions
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a camera for flame detection. The camera does not need software image recognition flame, has short development period, utilizes a detector with lower cost to detect flame through a hardware circuit, and simultaneously combines an image sequence to realize the monitoring of fire safety. According to the invention, the technical problems of untimely alarm and single function in the fire safety monitoring in the related technology are solved, the cost of fire safety monitoring is effectively reduced, the alarm is given in time, and the technical effect of market popularization and use is more facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fire safety, in particular to a camera for flame detection.
Background
At present, a network Camera (IP Camera, IPC) in a kitchen area on the market can only play a picture monitoring effect, if the monitoring of fire safety is to be realized, a set of fire prevention monitoring system needs to be formed by adopting a linkage smoke alarm, the scheme has long development period and high cost no matter viewed from software and hardware, meanwhile, the smoke alarm is low in sensitivity when being applied to the kitchen area, only under the condition of big fire and big smoke, the alarm can be given out, and the linkage fire prevention alarm effect is not timely. In addition, ultraviolet sensors are adopted to monitor ultraviolet parts in flame in fire alarm sensors on the market, and the sensors are high in sensitivity relative to smoke type sensors, but the core sensors are high in cost, can only realize a single fireproof alarm function, and are not beneficial to large-area popularization and use in the market.
An effective solution to the above problems has not been proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a camera for flame detection, which at least solves the technical problems of untimely alarm and single function in the fire safety monitoring in the related technology.
According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a camera for flame detection, including: a detector assembly for detecting a flame, the detector assembly comprising detector drive circuitry and detector signal processing circuitry; the detector driving circuit is used for providing driving voltage for a detector in the detector signal processing circuit; the detector signal processing circuit is used for acquiring a spectrum of a target area based on the detector, outputting a voltage pulse signal when the spectrum contains the target spectrum, and processing the voltage pulse signal output by the detector into an analog voltage signal; the image sensor is used for acquiring image information of the target area; and the processor is respectively electrically connected with the detector assembly and the image sensor, and is used for receiving image information generated by the image sensor and an analog voltage signal generated by the detector signal processing circuit and generating a flame alarm result according to the image information and the analog voltage signal.
Optionally, the processor includes a first port, a second port, and a third port, the first port is configured to receive image information generated by the image sensor, the second port is configured to receive an analog voltage signal generated by the detector assembly, and the third port is configured to output a network data signal.
Optionally, the processing sequentially comprises: shaping the voltage pulse signal into a square wave signal with a second amplitude and a second frequency through a trigger, wherein the amplitude of the square wave signal is determined by a power supply voltage of the trigger, the voltage pulse signal has a first amplitude and a first frequency, and the second frequency is the same as the first frequency; generating an analog voltage signal with a third amplitude value after low-pass filtering the square wave signal, wherein the cut-off frequency of the low-pass filter is smaller than the second frequency; upon detecting that the analog voltage signal is 0 and the duration exceeds a threshold, the processor may output a signal indicative of a detected flame via the third port.
Optionally, the detector is respectively connected in series with a first resistor, a second resistor, and a third resistor to form a first branch, the first capacitor is connected in series with the second capacitor to form a second branch, the first branch is connected in parallel with the second branch to form a first loop, a first amplitude of the voltage pulse signal is determined by a voltage of the second branch, a first frequency of the voltage pulse signal is determined by a charging and discharging duration of the first capacitor, and the first branch and the second branch are grounded.
Optionally, in response to no flame present in the scene, the detector remains non-conductive, the first branch and the second branch being non-conductive; in response to the flame appearing in the scene, the detector is kept conducted, the first branch and the second branch are conducted, the first amplitude of the voltage pulse signal is determined according to the charging voltage of the second capacitor, the capacitance value of the second capacitor, the resistance value of the third resistor and the starting time of the voltage pulse signal, and the first frequency of the voltage pulse signal is inversely proportional to the period of the voltage pulse signal.
Optionally, the first amplitude of the voltage pulse signal = a charging voltage of the second capacitor × [1-e ^ (a negative value corresponding to a start time of the voltage pulse signal/a resistance value of the third resistor × a capacitance value of the second capacitor) ].
Optionally, the first frequency of the voltage pulse signal = 1/(a resistance value of the first resistor × a capacitance value of the first capacitor-a start time of the voltage pulse signal), wherein a period of the voltage pulse signal = the resistance value of the first resistor × the capacitance value of the first capacitor-the start time of the voltage pulse signal.
Optionally, after the first branch and the second branch are turned on, the second capacitor is discharged according to a predetermined discharge time, where the predetermined discharge time is determined according to a capacitance value of the second capacitor and a resistance value of the third resistor.
Optionally, the predetermined discharge time = a resistance value of the third resistor × a capacitance value of the second capacitor.
Optionally, the trigger is provided with a first preset amplitude and a second preset amplitude, the first preset amplitude is greater than the second preset amplitude, and when the amplitude of the voltage pulse signal is greater than the first preset amplitude, the amplitude of the square wave signal is the supply voltage of the trigger; and when the amplitude of the voltage pulse signal is smaller than the second preset amplitude, the amplitude of the square wave signal is zero.
Optionally, the duty cycle of the square wave signal is determined by a duration of time that the square wave signal is at a high level, and the output voltage of the analog voltage signal is positively correlated with the duty cycle of the square wave signal.
Optionally, the output voltage of the analog voltage signal = the square wave signal × the duty cycle of the square wave signal.
Optionally, the second preset amplitude is determined according to the first amplitude of the voltage pulse signal, the capacitance value of the second capacitor, the resistance value of the third resistor, and the duration of the square wave signal at the high level.
Optionally, the second preset amplitude = a first amplitude x [1-e ^ (negative value corresponding to duration that the square wave signal is at high level/resistance value of the third resistor x capacitance value of the second capacitor) ] of the voltage pulse signal.
Optionally, the flip-flop includes a first pin, a second pin, a third pin, a fourth pin, and a fifth pin, where the first pin is a normally closed contact, the second pin is configured to receive the voltage pulse signal, the third pin is configured to ground, the fourth pin is configured to output the square wave signal, and the fifth pin is configured to access a supply voltage of the flip-flop.
Optionally, a fourth resistor is connected in series with the third capacitor to form a low-pass filter, wherein the low-pass filter is configured to convert the square wave signal into the analog voltage signal.
Optionally, the fifth resistor and the sixth resistor are connected in series to form a third branch circuit, and the third branch circuit and the first operational amplifier are connected in parallel to form a second loop circuit; responding to the situation that flame does not appear in a scene, the third branch circuit is not conducted, the square wave signal is always at a low level, and the analog voltage signal is a first analog voltage signal, wherein the first analog voltage signal is determined according to the resistance value of the fourth resistor, the resistance value of the fifth resistor, the resistance value of the sixth resistor and the power supply voltage of the first operational amplifier; responding to flame in a scene, the third branch circuit is conducted, and the square wave signal is output, wherein the analog voltage signal is a second analog voltage signal, and the second analog voltage signal is determined according to the resistance value of the fourth resistor, the resistance value of the fifth resistor, the resistance value of the sixth resistor, the power supply voltage of the first operational amplifier, the square wave signal and the duty ratio of the square wave signal.
Alternatively, the first analog voltage signal = (the resistance value of the sixth resistor × the power supply voltage of the first operational amplifier/(the resistance value of the fifth resistor + the resistance value of the sixth resistor) × (the resistance value of the fifth resistor/the resistance value of the fourth resistor).
Alternatively, the second analog voltage signal = (the resistance value of the sixth resistor × the power supply voltage of the first operational amplifier/(the resistance value of the fifth resistor + the resistance value of the sixth resistor) -the square wave signal × the duty ratio of the square wave signal) × (the resistance value of the fifth resistor/the resistance value of the fourth resistor), where the square wave signal × the duty ratio of the square wave signal = the resistance value of the sixth resistor × the power supply voltage of the first operational amplifier/(the resistance value of the fifth resistor + the resistance value of the sixth resistor).
In an embodiment of the present invention, the camera for flame detection includes: a detector assembly for detecting a flame, the detector assembly including a detector drive circuit and a detector signal processing circuit; the detector driving circuit is used for providing driving voltage for a detector in the detector signal processing circuit; the detector signal processing circuit is used for acquiring a spectrum of a target area based on the detector, outputting a voltage pulse signal when the spectrum contains the target spectrum, and processing the voltage pulse signal output by the detector into an analog voltage signal; the image sensor is used for acquiring image information of the target area; and the processor is respectively electrically connected with the detector assembly and the image sensor, and is used for receiving the image information generated by the image sensor and the analog voltage signal generated by the detector signal processing circuit and generating a flame alarm result according to the image information and the analog voltage signal. That is to say, the embodiment of the invention does not need software image recognition of flame, has short development period, utilizes a detector with lower cost to detect flame through a hardware circuit (corresponding to a detector signal processing circuit), and can realize monitoring of fire safety by combining an image sequence, thereby solving the technical problems of untimely alarm and single function of fire safety monitoring in the related technology, achieving the technical effects of effectively reducing the cost of fire safety monitoring, giving an alarm in time and being more beneficial to market popularization and use.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a camera for flame detection provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a detector driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a detector provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a pulse waveform shaping circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a periodic voltage pulse signal Fire alarm1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a waveform change before and after shaping of a flip-flop according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an analog conversion circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the conversion of the voltage U3 to the voltage U4 before and after the low pass filter processing according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a variation trend of a cut-off frequency of the low-pass filter according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:
10. a detector assembly; 11. an image sensor; 12. a processor; 101. a detector driving circuit; 102. a detector signal processing circuit; 201. a boost controller; 202. a seventh resistor; 203. an eighth resistor; 204. a ninth resistor; 205. a tenth resistor; 206. an eleventh resistor; 207. a twelfth resistor; 208. a thirteenth resistance; 209. a fourth capacitor; 210. a fifth capacitor; 211. a sixth capacitor; 212. a seventh capacitance; 213. an eighth capacitor; 214. a power inductor; 215. a control switch; 216. a sixth pin; 217. a seventh base pin; 218. an eighth pin; 219. a ninth pin; 220. a tenth pin; 221. an eleventh pin; 222. a twelfth pin; 223. a thirteenth pin; 224. a fourteenth pin; 225. a fifteenth pin; 226. a sixteenth pin; 227. a seventeenth pin; 228. an eighteenth pin; 229. a nineteenth pin; 230. a twentieth pin; 231. a ninth capacitor; 401. a first resistor; 402. a second resistor; 403. a third resistor; 404. a first capacitor; 405. a second capacitor; 406. a trigger; 407. a first pin; 408. a second pin; 409. a third pin; 410. a fourth pin; 411. a fifth pin; 701. a first operational amplifier; 702. a second operational amplifier; 703. a third operational amplifier; 704. a fourth resistor; 705. a fifth resistor; 706. a sixth resistor; 707. a fourteenth resistance; 708. a fifteenth resistor; 709. a sixteenth resistor; 710. a seventeenth resistor; 711. an eighteenth resistor; 712. a nineteenth resistor; 713. a third capacitor; 714. a tenth capacitance; 715. an eleventh capacitance; 716. a twelfth capacitor; 717. a thirteenth capacitor; 718. a fourteenth capacitance; 719. a fifteenth capacitance.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are used for distinguishing different objects, and are not used for limiting a specific order.
According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a camera for flame detection, fig. 1 is a schematic view of a camera for flame detection provided by an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the camera for flame detection at least includes: a detector assembly 10 for detecting flames, an image sensor 11, and a processor 12. The camera for flame detection will be described in detail below.
A detector assembly 10 for detecting a flame, the detector assembly 10 comprising detector drive circuitry 101 and detector signal processing circuitry 102; the detector driving circuit is used for providing a driving voltage for a detector in the detector signal processing circuit 102; the detector signal processing circuit 102 is configured to obtain a spectrum of a target region based on a detector, output a voltage pulse signal when the spectrum includes the target spectrum, and process the voltage pulse signal output by the detector into an analog voltage signal;
an image sensor 11 for acquiring image information of a target area;
and the processor 12 is electrically connected with the detector assembly 10 and the image sensor 11 respectively, and the processor 12 is used for receiving the image information generated by the image sensor 11 and the analog voltage signal generated by the detector signal processing circuit 102 and generating a flame alarm result according to the image information and the analog voltage signal.
In an alternative embodiment, processor 12 includes a first port for receiving image information generated by image sensor 11, a second port for receiving analog voltage signals generated by detector assembly 10, and a third port for outputting network data signals.
The first port 121 is connected to the image sensor 11; the second port 122 is connected to the probe assembly 10, and in particular, the second port 122 is connected to the probe signal processing circuitry 102 in the probe assembly 10.
In an alternative embodiment, the processing sequentially comprises: shaping the voltage pulse signal into a square wave signal with a second amplitude and a second frequency through a trigger, wherein the amplitude of the square wave signal is determined by the power supply voltage of the trigger, the voltage pulse signal has a first amplitude and a first frequency, and the second frequency is the same as the first frequency; generating an analog voltage signal with a third amplitude value after the square wave signal is subjected to low-pass filtering, wherein the cut-off frequency of the low-pass filter is smaller than the second frequency; upon detecting that the analog voltage signal is 0 and the duration exceeds the threshold, the processor 12 may output a signal indicative of the detection of a flame via the third port.
The threshold may be set according to the requirements of the application scenario, for example, 3 seconds, 5 seconds, 10 seconds, etc.
The camera may not only use the detector assembly 10 directly in conjunction with the processor 12 to determine whether a flame is present in the target area; the detector assembly 10, image sensor 11, and processor 12 may also be combined to determine whether a flame is present in the target area; taking the example of combining the detector assembly 10, the image sensor 11 and the processor 12 to determine whether flame occurs in the target area, the image sensor 11 is configured to acquire image data of the target area, and the processor is configured to determine whether a person exists in the target area according to the image data, continue to acquire the image data of the target area if the person exists in the target area, and send a detection signal to the detector assembly 10 if the person does not exist in the target area, where the detection signal is used to instruct the detector assembly 10 to detect whether flame occurs in the target area; the detector assembly 10 is used for detecting whether flames appear in a target area or not and generating an analog voltage signal; and the processor 12 is further configured to determine whether a flame is present in the target area according to the analog voltage signal, continue to instruct the detector assembly 10 to detect whether a flame is present in the target area if no flame is present, and output a signal indicating that a flame is detected via the third port if a flame is present.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the camera for flame detection includes: a detector assembly for detecting a flame, the detector assembly including a detector drive circuit and a detector signal processing circuit; the detector driving circuit is used for providing driving voltage for a detector in the detector signal processing circuit; the detector signal processing circuit is used for acquiring a spectrum of a target area based on the detector, outputting a voltage pulse signal when the spectrum contains the target spectrum, and processing the voltage pulse signal output by the detector into an analog voltage signal; the image sensor is used for acquiring image information of the target area; and the processor is respectively electrically connected with the detector assembly and the image sensor, and is used for receiving the image information generated by the image sensor and the analog voltage signal generated by the detector signal processing circuit and generating a flame alarm result according to the image information and the analog voltage signal. That is to say, the embodiment of the invention does not need software image recognition flame, has short development period, utilizes a detector with lower cost to detect flame through a hardware circuit, and can realize the monitoring of fire safety by combining an image sequence, thereby further solving the technical problems of untimely alarm and single function of the fire safety monitoring in the related technology, achieving the technical effects of effectively reducing the cost of fire safety monitoring, giving an alarm in time and being more beneficial to market popularization and use.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a detector driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, a first end of a fourth capacitor 209 is used for accessing a power supply, a second end of the fourth capacitor 209 is connected to a second end of an eighth resistor 203 and then grounded, a first end of the eighth resistor 203 is connected to a second end of a seventh resistor 202, a first end of the seventh resistor 202 is connected to a first end of the fourth capacitor 209 and is further connected to a first end of a power inductor 214 and an eighth pin 218, respectively, a seventh pin 217 is connected to a line between the seventh resistor 202 and the eighth resistor 203, a nineteenth pin 229 is connected to a first end of the ninth resistor 204, a seventeenth pin 227 is connected to a first end of a fifth capacitor 210, a second end of the ninth resistor 204 is connected to a second end of the fifth capacitor 210 and then grounded, a thirteenth pin 223, a fourteenth pin 224, a fifteenth pin 225, a sixteenth pin 226, and a twentieth pin 230 are simultaneously grounded, a sixth pin 216 is connected to a first end of the ninth capacitor 231 and a first end of the tenth resistor 205, a second end of the tenth resistor 205 is connected to a first end of the sixth capacitor 211, a second end of the sixth capacitor 211 is connected to a second end of the ninth capacitor 231 and then grounded, a twelfth pin 222 is connected to a first end of the seventh capacitor 212, a second end of the seventh capacitor 212 is grounded, a first end of the control switch 215 is connected to a second end of the power inductor 214, a second end of the control switch 215 is connected to a first end of the eighth capacitor 213, a second end of the control switch 215 is connected to a second end of the eighth capacitor 213 for grounding, a ninth pin 219, a tenth pin 220, and an eleventh pin 221 are connected to a line between the power inductor 214 and the control switch 215, an eighteenth 228 is connected to a first end of the eleventh resistor 206, and a second end of the eleventh resistor 206 is connected to a second end of the twelfth resistor 207 and a second end of the twelfth pin 207, A first end of the thirteenth resistor 208 is connected, a second end of the thirteenth resistor 208 is connected to ground, and a first end of the twelfth resistor 207 outputs the driving voltage.
It should be noted that the seventh resistor 202 and the eighth resistor 203 are used to enable the boost controller 201, and the voltage value of the resistance value of the eighth resistor 203/(the resistance value of the eighth resistor 203 + the resistance value of the seventh resistor 203) is greater than the nominal EN effective voltage of the chip of the boost controller 201, so that the chip of the boost controller 201 operates; a ninth resistor 204, a tenth resistor 205, an eleventh resistor 206, a twelfth resistor 207, a thirteenth resistor 208, a fourth capacitor 209, a fifth capacitor 210, a sixth capacitor 211, a seventh capacitor 212, and an eighth capacitor 213; the control switch 215 is used to supply current when the output pin of the switching power supply of the boost controller 201 is turned off.
Further, the boost controller 201 is a boost dc converter DCDC, and can perform high-voltage to low-voltage dc conversion. Optionally, the sixth pin 216 is a feedback comparison pin inside the controller, and the connection resistor and the capacitor realize adjustable loop parameters; the seventh pin 217 is a controller enable pin and can control the voltage output to be turned off and on; the eighth pin 218 is a power input pin; the ninth pin 219, the tenth pin 220 and the eleventh pin 221 are all switching power supply output pins and are connected with a transformer; the twelfth pin 222 is an output pin of the internal linear power supply, and is used to connect an output capacitor, so as to ensure the stability of the internal power supply; the thirteenth pin 223, the fourteenth pin 224, and the fifteenth pin 225 are all power GND; the sixteenth pin 226 is an analog GND; the seventeenth pin 227 is a soft start control pin and is connected with the fifth capacitor 210, so that the boost controller 201 can set different start time; the eighteenth pin 228 is an output voltage feedback input pin, and is used for collecting an output voltage and performing internal processing to ensure that the output voltage is stable; nineteenth pin 229 is a frequency setting pin for setting different switching frequencies of boost controller 201; the twentieth pin 230 is for a chip attach pad.
The detector signal processing circuit 102 includes a detector, which includes but is not limited to an ultraviolet photodetector. It should be noted that the above-mentioned ultraviolet photodetector can establish an electric field between the anode and the photocathode of the sensor when a voltage is applied between the two stages. When short-wave UVC photons in flame pass through glass and are emitted onto a photocathode, a photoelectric emission effect is generated, photoelectrons are emitted from the surface of the photocathode, and collide gas molecules around the photocathode at a high speed under the action of an electric field, so that the photoelectrons are ionized into positive ions and electrons; the ionized electrons are accelerated and continue to ionize other gas molecules with great energy, and finally the ionized electrons are emitted to the anode; the positive ions generated after the ionization of the gas molecules are accelerated under the action of the electric field and collide with the photocathode, and as a result, more electrons are generated. This process cycles around, rapidly creating a large current between the anode and the photocathode and producing a discharge, once produced, the voltage between the anode and the photocathode is reduced significantly from that before discharge. Therefore, the ultraviolet photoelectric detector needs high voltage at two stages of the photoelectric tube to realize high electric field, so as to realize acceleration of photo-generated electrons, when the electrons are discharged, the voltage at two ends of the photoelectric tube is reduced, and finally a series of pulses generated by the photoelectric tube, namely, a voltage pulse signal is generated.
In an optional embodiment, the probe assembly 10 further includes a driving board and a base, the base is connected to the driving board in a pluggable manner, wherein the probe driving circuit 101 and the probe signal processing circuit 102 are disposed on the driving board, the probe in the probe signal processing circuit 102 is disposed on the base, and the base is made of a soft plastic material. It should be noted that the base is mainly used for fixing the detector, and the soft plastic material is used for reducing the amplitude of the detector in the overall vibration of the camera and improving the reliability.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a detector provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the detector includes: casing glass, filling gas, an anode, a photocathode, a current-limiting resistor, a high-voltage power supply and the like. The anode, the current-limiting resistor, the high-voltage power supply and the photocathode are sequentially connected in series to form a detection circuit, photoelectrons are generated between the anode and the photocathode under the driving of charging current, the anode and the photocathode are arranged in a closed shell, and filling gas is filled in the shell.
In an alternative embodiment, in response to the absence of a flame in the scene, the detector remains non-conductive, and the first and second branches are non-conductive; in response to the flame appearing in the scene, the detector is kept conducted, the first branch circuit and the second branch circuit are conducted, the first amplitude of the voltage pulse signal is determined according to the charging voltage of the second capacitor, the capacitance value of the second capacitor, the resistance value of the third resistor and the starting time of the voltage pulse signal, and the first frequency of the voltage pulse signal is inversely proportional to the period of the voltage pulse signal.
Further, the first amplitude of the voltage pulse signal may be calculated by the following expression: the first amplitude of the voltage pulse signal = a charging voltage of the second capacitor × [1-e ^ (a negative value corresponding to a start time of the voltage pulse signal/a resistance value of the third resistor × a capacitance value of the second capacitor) ];
further, the first frequency of the voltage pulse signal may be calculated by the following expression: the first frequency of the voltage pulse signal = 1/(resistance value of the first resistor × capacitance value of the first capacitor — start time of the voltage pulse signal);
wherein a period of the voltage pulse signal = a resistance value of the first resistor × a capacitance value of the first capacitor — a start time of the voltage pulse signal.
It should be noted that the detector signal processing circuit 102 includes a pulse shape shaping circuit and an analog conversion circuit, wherein the pulse shape shaping circuit is configured to shape the voltage pulse signal into a square wave signal with a second amplitude and a second frequency through the trigger; the analog conversion circuit is used for generating an analog voltage signal with a third amplitude value after the square wave signal is subjected to low-pass filtering; the pulse waveform shaping circuit comprises a detector.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a pulse waveform shaping circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, a first end of a first resistor 401 is used for accessing a driving voltage provided by the detector driving circuit 101, a second end of the first resistor 401 is connected to a first end of a second resistor 402, a second end of the second resistor 402 is connected to a first end of a flip-flop 406, a second end of the flip-flop 406 is connected to a first end of a third resistor 403, a second end of the third resistor 403 is used for grounding, a first end of a first capacitor 404 is connected to a line between the first resistor 401 and the second resistor 402, a second end of the first capacitor 404 is connected to a first end of a second capacitor 405, a second end of the second capacitor 405 is connected to a line between the flip-flop 406 and the third resistor 403 and is connected to a second pin 408 of the flip-flop 406, and a line between the first capacitor 404 and the second capacitor 405 is connected to a second end of the third resistor 403.
The driving voltage may be set to 300V or more, and the on-voltage of the detector includes, but is not limited to, 280V.
In the specific implementation process, the driving voltage firstly charges the first capacitor 404 through the first resistor 401, the voltage pulse signal Fire alarm1 is output by the detector, the non-conducting voltage thereof is grounded through the third resistor 403, and the initial level is 0V; until the anode and cathode voltages of the pin of the detector are greater than the breakover voltage Uon of the detector, and flame exists in a detection area, the detector can be conducted and charge the second capacitor 405 according to the principle of the detector, and a Fire alarm1 is established; until the voltage at the two ends of the detector is smaller than Uon, the detector is cut off, and the Fire alarm1 rises to the position of the first amplitude value U0 of the voltage pulse signal at the starting time T0, namely the first amplitude value of the voltage pulse signal is reached. The calculation of U0 can be calculated by a capacitance discharge and charge formula.
At time T0, the voltage Uc1 of the first capacitor 404, the resistance UR2 of the second resistor 402, the voltage Uon across the detector, and the charging voltage of the second capacitor 405, that is, uc2= Fire alarm1, uc1= UR2+ Uon + Uc2, where Uc1= { UVTRON _ Power × e ^ (-T0/(R2 + R3) × C1}, where UVTRON _ Power represents the driving voltage, T0 represents the start time of the voltage pulse signal, R2 represents the resistance of the second resistor, R3 represents the resistance of the third resistor, and C1 represents the capacitance of the first capacitor 404.
Further, the Fire alarm1= Uc2 x [1-e ^ (-T0/R3 × C2) ], i.e., the voltage of U0, can be calculated according to the voltage of the charging voltage Uc2 of the second capacitor 405, where C2 represents the capacitance of the second capacitor, R3 represents the resistance of the third resistor, and T0 represents the starting time of the voltage pulse signal. The first capacitor 404 is charged until the voltage at the two ends of the detector is smaller than Uon, the loop is cut off, the second capacitor 405 is discharged, the first capacitor 404 is charged until the voltage at the two ends of the detector is larger than the conducting voltage, the detector starts conducting work again, and finally a periodic voltage pulse signal Fire alarm1 is formed.
In an optional embodiment, the detector is respectively connected in series with a first resistor 401, a second resistor 402, and a third resistor 403 to form a first branch, a first capacitor 404 is connected in series with a second capacitor 405 to form a second branch, the first branch is connected in parallel with the second branch to form a first loop, a first amplitude of the voltage pulse signal is determined by a voltage of the second branch, a first frequency of the voltage pulse signal is determined by a charging and discharging duration of the first capacitor, and the first branch and the second branch are grounded.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a periodic voltage pulse signal Fire alarm1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, outside an amplitude U0 corresponding to the Fire alarm1, ton is a discharge time of a second capacitor, and a period T is determined by a voltage buildup time of a first capacitor, so T = R1C 1-T0, where R1 represents a resistance value of the first resistor, C1 represents a capacitance value of the first capacitor, and T0 represents a start time of the voltage pulse signal.
In an alternative embodiment, after the first branch and the second branch are turned on, the second capacitor is discharged according to a predetermined discharge time, and the predetermined discharge time is determined according to a capacitance value of the second capacitor and a resistance value of the third resistor.
Further, the above-mentioned predetermined discharge time may be calculated by the following expression: the predetermined discharge time = a resistance value of the third resistor × a capacitance value of the second capacitor.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of waveform changes before and after the flip-flop is shaped according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, the voltage pulse signal Fire arm1 is shaped by the flip-flop to output the square wave signal Fire arm2, it can be seen that the periodic Fire arm2 is output, the amplitude is equal to the supply voltage of the flip-flop, the period is still T, the Fire arm2 starts at T0, and the cutoff is when the second capacitor discharges to ViL (corresponding to the second preset amplitude).
In an alternative embodiment, the duty ratio of the square wave signal is determined by the duration of the square wave signal being at the high level, and the output voltage of the analog voltage signal is positively correlated with the duty ratio of the square wave signal.
Further, the output voltage of the analog voltage signal can be calculated by the following expression: the output voltage of the analog voltage signal = square wave signal × duty ratio of the square wave signal.
Further, the second preset amplitude is determined according to the first amplitude of the voltage pulse signal, the capacitance of the second capacitor, the resistance of the third resistor, and the duration of the square wave signal at the high level.
Further, the second preset amplitude value may be calculated by the following expression: the second preset amplitude = the first amplitude x [1-e ^ (negative value corresponding to duration of the square wave signal at high level/resistance value of the third resistor x capacitance value of the second capacitor) ] of the voltage pulse signal.
In an optional embodiment, the trigger is provided with a first preset amplitude and a second preset amplitude, and the first preset amplitude is greater than the second preset amplitude, wherein when the amplitude of the voltage pulse signal is greater than the first preset amplitude, the amplitude of the square wave signal is a supply voltage of the trigger; and when the amplitude of the voltage pulse signal is smaller than a second preset amplitude, the amplitude of the square wave signal is zero.
The periodic voltage pulse signal Fire alarm1 is shaped by a trigger to form a periodic square wave signal, the trigger nominally inputs a high level Vih (corresponding to the first preset amplitude value) and inputs a low level ViL (corresponding to the second preset amplitude value), and when the input voltage is higher than the Vih, the trigger outputs the high level; when the voltage is lower than ViL, the trigger outputs low level; further, the amplitude of the square wave signal may also be determined, for example, if the amplitude of the voltage pulse signal is greater than a first preset amplitude, the amplitude of the square wave signal is the power supply voltage of the trigger; and if the amplitude of the voltage pulse signal is smaller than the second preset amplitude, the amplitude of the square wave signal is zero.
In an alternative embodiment, the flip-flop 406 includes a first pin 407, a second pin 408, a third pin 409, a fourth pin 410, and a fifth pin 411, where the first pin 407 is a normally closed contact, the second pin 408 is used to receive a voltage pulse signal, the third pin 409 is used to be grounded, the fourth pin 410 is used to output a square wave signal, and the fifth pin 411 is used to access a supply voltage of the flip-flop.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an analog conversion circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, a first end of an eighteenth resistor 711 is configured to receive a square wave signal, a second end of the eighteenth resistor 711 is connected to a first end of a second operational amplifier 702, a first end of a nineteenth resistor 712 is configured to be grounded, a second end of the nineteenth resistor 712 is connected to a second end of the second operational amplifier 702, a third end of the second operational amplifier 702 is configured to be connected to a power supply voltage and is connected to a first end of a tenth capacitor 714, a second end of the tenth capacitor 714 is configured to be grounded, a fourth end of the second operational amplifier 702 is configured to be grounded, a fifth end of the second operational amplifier 702 is connected to a first end of a fourth resistor 704, a second end of the fourth resistor 704 is connected to a third capacitor 713, a first end of a seventeenth resistor 710 is connected to a line between the fourth resistor 704 and the third capacitor 713, a second end of the seventeenth resistor 710 is connected to a second end of the third operational amplifier 703, a sixteenth resistor 709 and an eleventh capacitor 715 are connected in series to form a branch, a fifteenth resistor 703 is connected to a branch, a branch 703 is connected to a power supply voltage, a twelfth end of the fifth resistor 703 is connected to a branch for connecting the operational amplifier 703 and a branch 703, a branch of the fifth end of the operational amplifier 703 is connected to the fifth capacitor 703, a branch is connected to the operational amplifier 703, and a branch is connected to the fifth end of the operational amplifier 703, a branch is connected to the fifth branch 703, a branch is connected to the operational amplifier 703, and a branch is connected to the fourth capacitor 703, a branch is connected to the fourth end of the operational amplifier 703 is connected to the operational amplifier 703, and a branch is connected to the operational amplifier 703, a branch is connected in parallel, a second end of the fifteenth capacitor 719 is connected to ground, a first end of the fourteenth capacitor 718 is connected to a first end of a branch formed by connecting the fifth resistor 705 and the sixth resistor 706 in series, a second end of the fourteenth capacitor 718 is connected to a line between the fifth resistor 705 and the sixth resistor 706, a first end of the first operational amplifier 701 is connected to a line between the fifth resistor 705 and the sixth resistor 706, a fourteenth resistor 707 and a thirteenth capacitor 717 are connected in parallel to form a branch, a first end of the branch is connected to a second end of the first operational amplifier 701, a fourth end of the first operational amplifier 701 is connected to ground, a fifth end of the first operational amplifier 701 is connected to a first end of the third operational amplifier 703, and a second end of the branch formed by connecting the fourteenth resistor 707 and the thirteenth capacitor 717 in parallel is connected to a line between the first operational amplifier 701 and the third operational amplifier 703; u1, U2, U3 and U4 represent voltages, respectively.
It should be noted that the power supply voltages respectively input to the first operational amplifier 701, the second operational amplifier 702, and the third operational amplifier 703 are the same, and of course, the power supply voltages may be adjusted according to actual needs.
In an alternative embodiment, the fourth resistor 704 is connected in series with the third capacitor 713 to form a low-pass filter, wherein the low-pass filter is used to convert the square wave signal into an analog voltage signal.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the voltage U3 being converted into the voltage U4 before and after the low pass filter processing according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 8, the Fire alarm2 is processed by the second operational amplifier 702 to output the voltage U3, and U3= Fire alarm2; the voltage U4 is output after being processed by a low pass filter formed by the fourth resistor 704 connected in series with the third capacitor 713, and finally an analog voltage signal is formed.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a variation trend of a cut-off frequency of a low-pass filter provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 9; the fourth resistor 704 is connected in series with the third capacitor 713 to form a cut-off frequency Fc = 1/(2 π R4C 3) of the low-pass filter, R4 represents the resistance of the fourth resistor 704, C3 represents the capacitance of the third capacitor 713, and Fc is smaller than the frequency 1/T of the Fire alarm2 to ensure its effective cut-off. Output voltage U4= Fire alarm2 × D, D being the duty cycle of Fire alarm 2.
Further, the voltage U1= R6 × VCC/(R5 + R6), the voltage U2 is obtained after the processing of the first operational amplifier 701, and U2= U1= R6 × VCC/(R5 + R6), wherein a cutoff frequency of the first operational amplifier 701 is determined according to a resistance value of the fourteenth resistor 707 and a capacitance value of the twelfth capacitor 717, and high-frequency noise is filtered. U2 and U4 serve as input voltages of the third operational amplifier 703, and output analog voltage signals Fire alarm3, fire alarm3= (U2-U4) × (R5/R4) = (R6 × VCC/(R5 + R6) -Fire alarm2 × D) × (R5/R4), where D is a duty ratio of the square wave signal, the reference voltage is divided by the fifth resistor 705 and the sixth resistor 706, and an intermediate voltage value (corresponding to a supply voltage of the operational amplifier) of the VCC voltage is generally sampled as a balance reference. And according to the sampling Fire alarm3, carrying out sampling judgment.
R5 denotes a resistance value of the fifth resistor 705, R6 denotes a resistance value of the sixth resistor 706, and VCC denotes a power supply voltage of the first operational amplifier 701.
In an alternative embodiment, the fifth resistor 705 is connected in series with the sixth resistor 706 to form a third branch, and the third branch is connected in parallel with the first operational amplifier 701 to form a second loop; responding to the situation that no flame appears, the third branch circuit is not conducted, the square wave signal is always at a low level, and the analog voltage signal is a first analog voltage signal, wherein the first analog voltage signal is determined according to the resistance value of the fourth resistor, the resistance value of the fifth resistor, the resistance value of the sixth resistor and the power supply voltage of the first operational amplifier;
further, the first analog voltage signal may be calculated by the following expression: the first analog voltage signal = (the resistance value of the sixth resistor × the power supply voltage of the first operational amplifier/(the resistance value of the fifth resistor + the resistance value of the sixth resistor) × (the resistance value of the fifth resistor/the resistance value of the fourth resistor).
In addition, in response to the flame appearing in the scene, the third branch circuit is conducted, and a square wave signal is output, wherein the analog voltage signal is a second analog voltage signal, and the second analog voltage signal is determined according to the resistance value of the fourth resistor, the resistance value of the fifth resistor, the resistance value of the sixth resistor, the power supply voltage of the first operational amplifier, the square wave signal and the duty ratio of the square wave signal.
Further, the second analog voltage signal may be calculated by the following expression: the second analog voltage signal = (the resistance value of the sixth resistor × the power supply voltage of the first operational amplifier/(the resistance value of the fifth resistor + the resistance value of the sixth resistor) -the square wave signal × the duty ratio of the square wave signal) × (the resistance value of the fifth resistor/the resistance value of the fourth resistor).
The square wave signal × the duty ratio of the square wave signal = the resistance value of the sixth resistor × the power supply voltage of the first operational amplifier/(the resistance value of the fifth resistor + the resistance value of the sixth resistor).
In an alternative embodiment, the detector is arranged at the position where the optical central axis of the image sensor and the coverage angle of the detector are overlapped by 0 degree.
Because the coverage angle range of the detector is basically symmetrical, the detection area is covered according to the receiving angle of the detector and the receiving surface of the photon cathode, and therefore the placement position of the detector needs to be overlapped with the 0-degree position according to the optical central axis of the image sensor, and the detector can fully cover the detection range which is actually needed.
For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "over 8230 \ 8230;,"' over 8230;, \8230; upper surface "," above ", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial relationship of one device or feature to another device or feature as shown in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary terms "at 8230; \8230; above" may include both orientations "at 8230; \8230; above" and "at 8230; \8230; below". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meanings unless otherwise stated, so that the scope of the present application is not to be construed as being limited.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A camera for flame detection, comprising:
a detector assembly for detecting a flame, the detector assembly comprising detector drive circuitry and detector signal processing circuitry; the detector driving circuit is used for providing driving voltage for a detector in the detector signal processing circuit; the detector signal processing circuit is used for acquiring a spectrum of a target area based on the detector, outputting a voltage pulse signal when the spectrum contains the target spectrum, and processing the voltage pulse signal output by the detector into an analog voltage signal;
the image sensor is used for acquiring image information of the target area;
and the processor is respectively electrically connected with the detector assembly and the image sensor, and is used for receiving image information generated by the image sensor and an analog voltage signal generated by the detector signal processing circuit and generating a flame warning result according to the image information and the analog voltage signal.
2. The camera of claim 1, wherein the processor comprises a first port for receiving image information generated by the image sensor, a second port for receiving analog voltage signals generated by the detector assembly, and a third port for outputting network data signals.
3. The camera of claim 2, wherein the processing comprises, in order:
shaping the voltage pulse signal into a square wave signal with a second amplitude and a second frequency through a trigger, wherein the amplitude of the square wave signal is determined by a power supply voltage of the trigger, the voltage pulse signal has a first amplitude and a first frequency, and the second frequency is the same as the first frequency;
generating an analog voltage signal with a third amplitude value after the square wave signal is subjected to low-pass filtering, wherein the cut-off frequency of the low-pass filter is smaller than the second frequency;
upon detecting that the analog voltage signal is 0 and the duration exceeds a threshold, the processor may output a signal indicative of a detected flame via the third port.
4. The camera according to claim 3, wherein the detector is connected in series with a first resistor, a second resistor, and a third resistor to form a first branch, a first capacitor is connected in series with a second capacitor to form a second branch, the first branch is connected in parallel with the second branch to form a first loop, the first amplitude of the voltage pulse signal is determined by a voltage of the second branch, the first frequency of the voltage pulse signal is determined by a charging/discharging duration of the first capacitor, and the first branch and the second branch are grounded.
5. The camera of claim 4, wherein the detector remains non-conductive and the first and second branches are non-conductive in response to the absence of a flame in the scene; in response to the flame appearing in the scene, the detector is kept conducted, the first branch and the second branch are conducted, the first amplitude of the voltage pulse signal is determined according to the charging voltage of the second capacitor, the capacitance value of the second capacitor, the resistance value of the third resistor and the starting time of the voltage pulse signal, and the first frequency of the voltage pulse signal is inversely proportional to the period of the voltage pulse signal.
6. The camera of claim 5, wherein the first amplitude of the voltage pulse signal = a charging voltage of the second capacitor x [1-e ^ (negative value corresponding to start time of the voltage pulse signal/resistance value of the third resistor x capacitance value of the second capacitor) ].
7. The camera of claim 5, wherein the first frequency of the voltage pulse signal = 1/(resistance value of first resistor x capacitance value of first capacitor-start time of the voltage pulse signal), wherein the period of the voltage pulse signal = resistance value of first resistor x capacitance value of first capacitor-start time of the voltage pulse signal.
8. The camera of claim 5, wherein the second capacitor is discharged for a predetermined discharge time after the first branch and the second branch are turned on, the predetermined discharge time being determined according to a capacitance value of the second capacitor and a resistance value of the third resistor.
9. The camera of claim 8, wherein the predetermined discharge time = a resistance value of the third resistor x a capacitance value of the second capacitor.
10. The camera of claim 4, wherein the trigger is configured with a first predetermined amplitude and a second predetermined amplitude, the first predetermined amplitude being greater than the second predetermined amplitude, wherein,
when the amplitude of the voltage pulse signal is greater than the first preset amplitude, the amplitude of the square wave signal is the power supply voltage of the trigger;
and when the amplitude of the voltage pulse signal is smaller than the second preset amplitude, the amplitude of the square wave signal is zero.
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