CN115262089A - 一种防水透湿复合面料的生产工艺 - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
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- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种防水透湿复合面料的生产工艺,属于化工技术领域。本发明生产工艺将羟基硅油与硅烷偶联剂在有机溶剂中加水反应至凝胶化,凝胶产物经碾碎和真空干燥除去有机溶剂,得到聚硅氧烷疏水改性粒子;将聚氨酯树脂、聚硅氧烷疏水改性粒子与乳液胶粘剂搅拌混合均匀,然后在搅拌条件下滴加硅溶胶混匀,加入乙醇,得到混合液,将混合液进行静电纺丝,得到防水透湿复合面料。本发明防水透湿复合面料通过加入硅溶胶及聚硅氧烷疏水改性粒子改善复合面料的力学性能和防水透湿性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于化工技术领域,涉及一种防水透湿复合面料的生产工艺。
背景技术
防水透湿面料,顾名思义,既具有良好的防水性,又具有一定的透湿性,它可以保护使用者在雨天穿着时不被雨水淋湿,又可以很好地将使用者身体产生的水汽及时地排出到外界。
所说织物的防水透湿性能,是指织物在一定的压力的水的作用下不被水渗透,而人体散发的汗液蒸汽却能通过织物扩散传到到外界,不在体表和织物至今集聚冷凝,不使人体有发闷的感觉,随着人们生活水平的提高、户外活动的普及和运动服、消防服、特种工作服及军用服装对舒适性、功能性服装需要的增长,全球对防水透气织物长需求逐年增加,市场需要巨大。
专利公开号CN109514943A公开了防水透湿面料,该面料由内至外依次为基布层、防水透湿层、亲水层和疏水层,各层之间层叠设置并通过胶黏剂粘合在一起;所述防水透湿层通过热压复合工艺复合在基布层上,亲水层通过热熔胶粉点复合工艺复合在防水透湿层上,疏水层通过热熔胶撒粉复合工艺复合在亲水层上;所述防水透湿层为TPU薄膜,亲水层为无纺布。该发明通过在TPU薄膜的两面形成压差以增强该防水透湿面料的防水透湿性能。
专利公开号CN108468224A公开了一种防水透湿聚氨酯浆料及防水透湿聚氨酯合成革的制备方法。所述防水透湿浆料的制备包括超细亲水填料在溶剂中溶胀,利用溶胀的超细亲水填料得到面层、中间层、粘结层防水透湿浆料,再通过面层、中间层、粘结层防水透湿浆料,制备防水透湿聚氨酯合成革。该发明的技术方案是通过在浆料中加入超细亲水填料,一方面赋予了产品超细的孔洞,另一方面由于亲水填料本身的透湿性,从而赋予了产品极高的透湿性。
专利公开号CN113248980A公开了一种防水透湿作训服的制备方法,包括以下步骤:配制防水透湿涂层剂,防水透湿涂层剂的原料组分为:乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚乳液、聚硅氧烷、聚丙烯酸钠、乙酸乙酯、过氯乙烯、自火油、二甲基甲酰胺、羟甲基纤维素、硅溶胶、消泡剂以及杀菌剂;将上述原料组分依次加入搅拌设备内部搅拌加工,从而可得到防水透湿涂层剂;涂覆防水透湿涂层剂,将上述防水透湿涂层剂输送至涂覆设备内部,通过涂覆设备工作可将防水透湿涂层剂均匀涂覆在涤纶面料表面,同时将防水透湿涂层剂晾干;该专利的技术方案是经过水洗与热处理工艺来提高防水透湿涂层剂在涤纶面料表面的微孔率,并通过该防水透湿涂层剂可增强作训服的防水、透湿以及透气性能。
专利公开号CN114261168A公开了一种防水透湿功能面料,属于功能面料领域。所述的面料包括:本体面料、本体面料表面设置的防水层、薄膜、粘合本体面料与薄膜的粘结层;所述的本体面料为涤氨弹力面料;所述的防水透湿功能面料,由以下步骤制成;a、按工艺处方配置防水整理液;b、将本体面料浸渍于防水整理液中,轧液;c、预烘、焙烘;d、在本体面料、薄膜表面设置粘合层,平整地叠加在一起,再移至压烫机中进行压烫,完成热压复膜,制成防水透湿功能面料;该发明的技术方案是通过交联剂与纳米二氧化硅改性聚硅氧烷乳液对本体面料浸轧使其具有良好的防水、透湿、透气性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种防水透湿复合面料的生产工艺,属于化工技术领域。本发明生产工艺将羟基硅油与硅烷偶联剂在有机溶剂中加水反应至凝胶化,凝胶产物经碾碎和真空干燥除去有机溶剂,得到聚硅氧烷疏水改性粒子;将聚氨酯树脂、聚硅氧烷疏水改性粒子与乳液胶粘剂搅拌混合均匀,然后在搅拌条件下滴加硅溶胶混匀,加入乙醇,得到混合液,将混合液进行静电纺丝,得到防水透湿复合面料。本发明防水透湿复合面料通过加入硅溶胶及聚硅氧烷疏水改性粒子改善复合面料的力学性能和防水透湿性能。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案实现:
一种防水透湿复合面料的生产工艺,所述生产工艺包括以下步骤:
(1)将羟基硅油与硅烷偶联剂溶解于丙酮中,然后滴加水反应至凝胶化,静置熟化,将所得凝胶产物经碾碎和真空干燥除去丙酮和水,得到粉末状聚硅氧烷疏水改性粒子;
(2)将聚氨酯树脂、聚硅氧烷疏水改性粒子与乳液胶粘剂搅拌混合均匀,得到混合浆;
(3)搅拌条件下,往步骤(2)的混合浆中滴加硅溶胶混匀,加入乙醇,得到混合液;
(4)将混合液进行静电纺丝,得到防水透湿复合面料。
作为本发明的一种优选技术方案,步骤(1)中所述羟基硅油的分子量为500~50000;所述硅烷偶联剂选自乙烯基硅烷偶联剂、氨基硅烷偶联剂、羧基硅烷偶联剂、环氧基硅烷偶联剂中的至少一种。
作为本发明的一种优选技术方案,步骤(2)中所述乳液胶粘剂包括聚醋酸乙烯酯乳液、聚甲基丙烯酸酯乳液、环氧树脂乳液、酚醛树脂乳液、聚氯乙烯树脂乳液、有机硅树脂乳液、天然橡胶胶乳、氯丁胶乳、丁腈胶乳、丁苯胶乳中的至少一种。
作为本发明的一种优选技术方案,步骤(2)所述乳液胶粘剂占聚氨酯树脂重量的10~60%。
作为本发明的一种优选技术方案,步骤(2)中所述聚硅氧烷疏水改性粒子的加入量为聚氨酯树脂质量的2~15%。
作为本发明的一种优选技术方案,步骤(2)中所述混合浆中还加入其他功能助剂,所述其他功能助剂包括占聚氨酯树脂重量3~8%的消泡剂、占聚氨酯树脂重量2~5%的偶联剂和占聚氨酯树脂重量1~2%的颜料;所述消泡剂选自聚醚改性有机硅消泡剂;所述偶联剂选自硅烷偶联剂;所述颜料选自无机颜料。
作为本发明的一种优选技术方案,步骤(3)中所述硅溶胶的加入量以固含量计为聚氨酯树脂质量的5~30%。
作为本发明的一种优选技术方案,步骤(4)所述静电纺丝电压为10~100kV,所述静电纺丝的接收距离为20~60cm。
本发明的有益效果:
(1)本发明通过聚氨酯树脂加入聚硅氧烷疏水改性粒子可显著增强防水透湿复合面料的防水透湿性能;常用硅油(聚硅氧烷)由于其强烈疏水特性很难均匀分散至水性体系中,本发明通过将液体状硅油与硅烷偶联剂进行凝胶化反应制备成粉末状改性剂,可方便添加至乳液中混合分散;
(2)本发明通过加入硅溶胶可以显著改善防水透湿复合面料的硬度和强度。
具体实施方式
为更进一步阐述本发明为实现预定发明目的所采取的技术手段及功效,以下结合实施例,对依据本发明的具体实施方式、结构、特征及其功效,详细说明如后。
实施例1
一种防水透湿复合面料的生产工艺,所述生产工艺包括以下步骤:
(1)将分子量约为4000的羟基硅油与乙烯基硅烷偶联剂溶解于丙酮中,然后滴加水反应至凝胶化,静置熟化,将所得凝胶产物经碾碎和真空干燥除去丙酮和水,得到粉末状聚硅氧烷疏水改性粒子;
(2)将聚氨酯树脂、占聚氨酯树脂重量10%的聚硅氧烷疏水改性粒子、占聚氨酯树脂重量30%的环氧树脂乳液、占聚氨酯树脂重量3%的聚醚改性有机硅消泡剂、占聚氨酯树脂重量2%的硅烷偶联剂和占聚氨酯树脂重量2%的无机颜料,搅拌混合均匀,得到混合浆;
(3)搅拌条件下,往步骤(2)的混合浆中滴加占聚氨酯树脂重量20%的硅溶胶混匀,加入乙醇,得到混合液;
(4)将混合液进行静电纺丝,控制电压50kV,接收距离40cm,得到防水透湿复合面料。
实施例2
一种防水透湿复合面料的生产工艺,所述生产工艺包括以下步骤:
(1)将分子量约为9000的羟基硅油与氨基硅烷偶联剂溶解于丙酮中,然后滴加水反应至凝胶化,静置熟化,将所得凝胶产物经碾碎和真空干燥除去丙酮和水,得到粉末状聚硅氧烷疏水改性粒子;
(2)将聚氨酯树脂、占聚氨酯树脂重量6%的聚硅氧烷疏水改性粒子、占聚氨酯树脂重量50%的天然橡胶胶乳、占聚氨酯树脂重量5%的聚醚改性有机硅消泡剂、占聚氨酯树脂重量2%的硅烷偶联剂和占聚氨酯树脂重量1%的无机颜料,搅拌混合均匀,得到混合浆;
(3)搅拌条件下,往步骤(2)的混合浆中滴加占聚氨酯树脂重量22%的硅溶胶混匀,加入乙醇,得到混合液;
(4)将混合液进行静电纺丝,控制电压20kV,接收距离47cm,得到防水透湿复合面料。
实施例3
一种防水透湿复合面料的生产工艺,所述生产工艺包括以下步骤:
(1)将分子量约为20000的羟基硅油与环氧基硅烷偶联剂溶解于丙酮中,然后滴加水反应至凝胶化,静置熟化,将所得凝胶产物经碾碎和真空干燥除去丙酮和水,得到粉末状聚硅氧烷疏水改性粒子;
(2)将聚氨酯树脂、占聚氨酯树脂重量12%的聚硅氧烷疏水改性粒子、占聚氨酯树脂重量25%的聚甲基丙烯酸酯乳液、占聚氨酯树脂重量7%的聚醚改性有机硅消泡剂、占聚氨酯树脂重量4%的硅烷偶联剂和占聚氨酯树脂重量1%的无机颜料,搅拌混合均匀,得到混合浆;
(3)搅拌条件下,往步骤(2)的混合浆中滴加占聚氨酯树脂重量30%的硅溶胶混匀,加入乙醇,得到混合液;
(4)将混合液进行静电纺丝,控制电压45kV,接收距离50cm,得到防水透湿复合面料。
对比例1
一种防水透湿复合面料的生产工艺,与实施例1相比,不加入聚硅氧烷疏水改性粒子,所述生产工艺包括以下步骤:
(1)将聚氨酯树脂、占聚氨酯树脂重量30%的环氧树脂乳液、占聚氨酯树脂重量3%的聚醚改性有机硅消泡剂、占聚氨酯树脂重量2%的硅烷偶联剂和占聚氨酯树脂重量2%的无机颜料,搅拌混合均匀,得到混合浆;
(2)搅拌条件下,往步骤(2)的混合浆中滴加占聚氨酯树脂重量20%的硅溶胶混匀,加入乙醇,得到混合液;
(3)将混合液进行静电纺丝,控制电压50kV,接收距离40cm,得到防水透湿复合面料。
性能测试
对实施例1~3和对比例1中的防水透湿复合面料分别按照测试标准ASTM-E96-BW-1995在25℃温度下和相对湿度50%的条件下测试水压和透湿度,测试结果如下表1所示:
表1防水透湿复合面料的防水透湿性能
从上表1的测试结果可看出:对比例1在实施例1的基础上没有添加聚硅氧烷疏水改性粒子,其防水透湿面料的透湿度和水压均明显低于实施例1。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制,虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭示如上,然而并非用以限定本发明,任何本领域技术人员,在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内,当可利用上述揭示的技术内容做出些许更动或修饰为等同变化的等效实施例,但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简介修改、等同变化与修饰,均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。
Claims (8)
1.一种防水透湿复合面料的生产工艺,其特征在于,所述生产工艺包括以下步骤:
(1)将羟基硅油与硅烷偶联剂溶解于丙酮中,然后滴加水反应至凝胶化,静置熟化,将所得凝胶产物经碾碎和真空干燥除去丙酮和水,得到粉末状聚硅氧烷疏水改性粒子;
(2)将聚氨酯树脂、聚硅氧烷疏水改性粒子与乳液胶粘剂搅拌混合均匀,得到混合浆;
(3)搅拌条件下,往步骤(2)的混合浆中滴加硅溶胶混匀,加入乙醇,得到混合液;
(4)将混合液进行静电纺丝,得到防水透湿复合面料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水透湿复合面料的生产工艺,其特征在于,步骤(1)中所述羟基硅油的分子量为500~50000;所述硅烷偶联剂选自乙烯基硅烷偶联剂、氨基硅烷偶联剂、羧基硅烷偶联剂、环氧基硅烷偶联剂中的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水透湿复合面料的生产工艺,其特征在于,步骤(2)中所述乳液胶粘剂包括聚醋酸乙烯酯乳液、聚甲基丙烯酸酯乳液、环氧树脂乳液、酚醛树脂乳液、聚氯乙烯树脂乳液、有机硅树脂乳液、天然橡胶胶乳、氯丁胶乳、丁腈胶乳、丁苯胶乳中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水透湿复合面料的生产工艺,其特征在于,步骤(2)所述乳液胶粘剂占聚氨酯树脂重量的10~60%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水透湿复合面料的生产工艺,其特征在于,步骤(2)中所述聚硅氧烷疏水改性粒子的加入量为聚氨酯树脂质量的2~15%。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水透湿复合面料的生产工艺,其特征在于,步骤(2)中所述混合浆中还加入其他功能助剂,所述其他功能助剂包括占聚氨酯树脂重量3~8%的消泡剂、占聚氨酯树脂重量2~5%的偶联剂和占聚氨酯树脂重量1~2%的颜料;所述消泡剂选自聚醚改性有机硅消泡剂;所述偶联剂选自硅烷偶联剂;所述颜料选自无机颜料。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水透湿复合面料的生产工艺,其特征在于,步骤(3)中所述硅溶胶的加入量以固含量计为聚氨酯树脂质量的5~30%。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水透湿复合面料的生产工艺,其特征在于,步骤(4)所述静电纺丝电压为10~100kV,所述静电纺丝的接收距离为20~60cm。
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