CN115251073A - 一种除草组合物 - Google Patents
一种除草组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115251073A CN115251073A CN202210960508.0A CN202210960508A CN115251073A CN 115251073 A CN115251073 A CN 115251073A CN 202210960508 A CN202210960508 A CN 202210960508A CN 115251073 A CN115251073 A CN 115251073A
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- weeds
- herbicidal composition
- flumioxazin
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- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/84—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms six-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,4
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P13/00—Herbicides; Algicides
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- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种除草组合物,所述组合物包含活性组分(A)丙炔氟草胺和活性组分(B)噁嗪草酮、丙炔噁草酮、环戊噁草酮、三唑酰草胺、西草净、禾草丹、苯噻酰草胺、四唑酰草胺、双唑草腈、双环磺草酮、嗪吡嘧磺隆中的一种或多种,所述活性组分(A)和活性组分(B)的重量配比为100:1‑1:100。本发明还涉及所述的除草组合物在控制有用植物中杂草发芽或生长的用途;所述有用植物选自小麦、大麦、黑麦、小黑麦、燕麦、玉米、稻、大豆、花生、油籽油菜、卡罗拉、马铃薯、糖用甜菜、甘蔗、棉花、亚麻、高粱、牧草、草坪;特别适用于在稻作物中控制杂草的发芽或生长。
Description
本发明是申请号为201911225594.5,申请日为2019.12.4,名称为“一种除草组合物”的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明一种除草组合物,属于作物保护领域;本发明所述的除草组合物特别适于在大豆、玉米、花生、棉花、甘蔗、马铃薯、稻田中防治杂草。
背景技术
除草剂的长期使用导致除草剂对杂草敏感性的变化。通过提高除草剂的施用率来改善除草剂对耐受性或抗性杂草种类的防治效果往往并不令人满意。提高除草剂施用率的操作会降低除草剂的选择性,或即使在施用率较高时其除草效果也未见改善。
因此,在杂草防治中,需要除草剂对杂草具有更好的总体选择性;在更少施用剂量下获得同等或更好的防治效果;减少排入环境中的活性化合物,以避免例如淋溶和残留效应;结合快速作用和长效作用,避免多次施用。
丙炔氟草胺(Flumioxazin)描述于EP170191C中,其结构式如式I。丙炔氟草胺就其除草性而言,并不是在所有方面都令人满意。
发明内容
本发明目的是针对上述不足之处提供一种除草组合物,解决至少一种问题如改善生物学特性、提供增效特性、降低剂量率、扩大除草谱、结合快速作用和长效作用、抗性管理以延缓抗性。
本发明提供一种除草组合物,所述组合物包含活性组分(A)丙炔氟草胺和活性组分(B)噁嗪草酮、丙炔噁草酮、环戊噁草酮、三唑酰草胺、西草净、禾草丹、苯噻酰草胺、四唑酰草胺、双唑草腈、双环磺草酮、嗪吡嘧磺隆中的一种或多种,所述活性组分(A)和活性组分(B)的重量配比为100:1-1:100。
所述活性组分(B)选自噁嗪草酮;所述丙炔氟草胺和噁嗪草酮的重量配比为50:1-1:50; 优选25:1-1:25;更优选10:1-1:10;更优选5:1-1:5。
所述活性组分(B)选自丙炔噁草酮;所述丙炔氟草胺和丙炔噁草酮的重量配比为10:1-1:50; 优选5:1-1:50;更优选5:1-1:30;更优选5:1-1:25,更优选5:1-1:15。
所述活性组分(B)选自环戊噁草酮;所述丙炔氟草胺和环戊噁草酮的重量配比为10:1-1:50; 优选5:1-1:50;更优选5:1-1:50;更优选5:1-1:25。
所述活性组分(B)选自三唑酰草胺;所述丙炔氟草胺和三唑酰草胺的重量配比为5:1-1:50; 优选5:1-1:25;更优选5:1-1:10。
所述活性组分(B)选自西草净;所述丙炔氟草胺和西草净的重量配比为1:1-1:100; 优选1:5-1:50;更优选1:5-1:30;更优选1:5-1:20。
所述活性组分(B)选自禾草丹;所述丙炔氟草胺和禾草丹的重量配比为1:1-1:100; 优选1:5-1:100;更优选1:10-1:80;更优选1:10-1:60; 更优选1:10-1:50。
所述活性组分(B)选自苯噻酰草胺;所述丙炔氟草胺和苯噻酰草胺的重量配比为1:1-1:100; 优选1:5-1:100;更优选1:10-1:80;更优选1:10-1:50,更优选1:10-1:35。
所述活性组分(B)选自四唑酰草胺;所述丙炔氟草胺和四唑酰草胺的重量配比为1:1-1:50; 优选1:5-1:40;更优选1:5-1:30;更优选1:5-1:25。
所述活性组分(B)选自双唑草腈;所述丙炔氟草胺和双唑草腈的重量配比为1:1-1:100; 优选1:1-1:50;更优选1:1-1:30。
所述活性组分(B)选自双环磺草酮;所述丙炔氟草胺和双环磺草酮的重量配比为1:1-1:80; 优选1:5-1:50;更优选1:5-1:30;更优选1:5-1:20。
所述活性组分(B)选自嗪吡嘧磺隆;所述丙炔氟草胺和嗪吡嘧磺隆的重量配比为20:1-1:20;优选10:1-1:10;更优选5:1-1:10;更优选5:1-1:5。
本发明出乎意料的发现,丙炔氟草胺与噁嗪草酮、丙炔噁草酮、环戊噁草酮、三唑酰草胺、西草净、禾草丹、苯噻酰草胺、四唑酰草胺、双唑草腈、双环磺草酮、嗪吡嘧磺隆组合以一种特别有利的方式共同作用。
与各单个化合物可能的防治率相比,同时施用活性组分(A)和(B)或依次施用活性组分(A)和(B)得到了增强的杂草防治效果,该意料之外的效果是真正的协同效应,而不仅仅是活性的加和。
因此,本发明的除草组合物显著降低了各单个化合物的施用浓度。而且对杂草具有更长效的控制时间。
首先,本发明的除草组合物中,单一化合物的施用率得到降低,同时还保持良好的作用水平;其次,单一化合物在低施用率范围内从农业经济角度变得无效时,本发明的除草组合物实现了对杂草的高水平防治。
本发明的除草组合物显著地拓宽化合物对杂草的防治谱。本发明的组合,不仅在有用植物中保持对杂草的优异防治,还使得后茬作物具有更大的灵活性。
本发明的除草组合物对旱地杂草和水田杂草均显示有效的杂草控制作用。因此,所述的除草组合物可用于在有用植物如小麦、大麦、黑麦、小黑麦、燕麦、玉米、花生、大豆、棉花、甘蔗、马铃薯、稻作物或种植园如柑橘园、葡萄园中的杂草控制。
因此,本发明提供所述的除草组合物在控制有用植物中杂草发芽或生长的用途;所述有用植物选自小麦、大麦、黑麦、小黑麦、燕麦、玉米、花生、大豆、棉花、甘蔗、马铃薯、稻作物、柑橘、葡萄。
本发明特别优选的有用植物为玉米、大豆、花生、甘蔗、棉花、稻;再特别优选稻作物。
本发明除草组合物可以被用来防治大量农业经济学上重要的杂草,比如:
禾本科草杂草,例如,看麦娘属(Alopecurus species)、早熟禾属(Poa-species)、阿披拉草属(Apera-species)、燕麦属(Avena spp.)、黑麦草属(Lolium-species)、雀麦属(Bromus-species)、稗属(Echinochloa spp.)、千金子属(Leptochloa spp.)、马唐属(Digitaria spp.)、狗尾草属(Setaria spp.)、臂形草属(Brachiaria spp.)和鸭嘴草属(Ischeamum spp.);
阔叶科杂草,比如猪殃殃属(Gallium spp.)、野芝麻属(Lamium spp.)、老鹳草属(Geranium spp.)、茄属 (Solanum spp.)、婆婆纳属(Veronica spp.)、堇菜属(Violaspp.)(例如,三色堇(Viola tricolor))、羽衣草属(Alchemilla spp.)、地肤属(Kochiaspp.)、繁缕属(Stellaria spp.)、蓼属(Polygonum spp.)、母菊属(Matricaria spp.)、藜属(Chenopodium spp.)、苋属(Amaranthus spp.)、牛滕菊属(Galinsoga spp.)、雨久花属(Monochoria spp.)、母草属(Lindernia spp.)、春黄菊属 (Anthemis spp.)、白芥属(Sinapis spp.)、萝卜属(Raphanus spp.)、罂粟属(Papaver spp.)、荠属(Capsellaspp.)、节节菜属(Rotala spp.)、花蔺属(Butomus spp.)、天鹅绒叶属(Limnocharisspp.)、尖瓣花属(Sphenoclea spp.)、鸭跖草属(Commelina spp.)、丁香蓼属(Ludwigiaspp.)、三叶针草(Bidens pilosa)、沟繁缕属(Elatine spp.);所述组合还防治一年生和多年生的苔草,例如,莞草属(Scirpus spp.)(例如,萤蔺(Scirpus juncoides))、慈姑属(Sagittaria spp.)、莎草属(Cyperus spp.)和飘拂草属(Fimbristylis spp.)。
本发明除草组合物特别适于在有用植物田中防治杂草,例如:
-麦类作物-,其中杂草的实例包括看麦娘属(Alopecurus species)、早熟禾属(Poa-species)、阿披拉草属(Apera-species)、燕麦属(Avena spp.)、黑麦草属(Lolium-species)、雀麦属 (Bromus-Species)、Fumaria spp.、勿忘草属(Myosotis spp.)、猪殃殃属(Gallium spp.)、老鹳草属(Geranium spp.)(例如,Geranium rotundifolium)、婆婆纳属(Veronica spp.)、堇菜属(Viola spp.)(例如,三色堇(Viola tricolor))、野芝麻属(Lamium spp.)、繁缕属(Stellaria spp.)、蓼属(Polygonum spp.)、Aethusa cynapum、羽衣草属(Alchemilla spp.)、地肤属(Kochia spp.)、母菊属(Matricaria spp.)、春黄菊属(Anthemis spp.)、罂粟属(Papaver spp.)、勿忘草属(Myosotis spp.)、荠属(Capsellaspp.)、藜属 (Chenopodium spp.)和;
-稻作物-其中杂草的实例包括稗属(Echinochloa spp.)、千金子属Leptochloaspp.)、马唐属(Digitaria spp.)、狗尾草属(Setaria spp.)、臂形草属(Brachiaria spp.)和鸭嘴草属 (Ischeamum spp.)、雨久花属(Monochoria spp.)、母草属(Lindernia spp.)、丁香蓼属(Ludwigia spp.)、沟繁缕属(Elatine spp.)、藨草属(Scirpus spp.)(例如,萤蔺(Scirpus juncoides))、莎草属 (Cyperus spp.)、花蔺属(Butomus spp.)、节节菜属(Rotala spp.)、鸭跖草属(Commelina spp.)、天鹅绒叶属 (Limnocharis spp.)、尖瓣花属(Sphenoclea spp.)、慈姑属 (Sagittaria spp.)、三叶针草(Bidens pilosa)和飘拂草属(Fimbristylis spp.);
-玉米-其中杂草的实例包括稗属(Echinochloa spp.)、马唐属(Digitariaspp.)、狗尾草属(Setaria spp.)、莎草属(Cyperus spp.)、地肤属(Kochia spp.)、母菊属(Matricaria spp.)、藜属(Chenopodium ppp.)、茄属(Solanum spp.)、蓼属(Polygonumspp.)、苋属(Amaranthus spp.)和;和-甘蔗-其中杂草的实例包括稗属(Echinochloaspp.)、马唐属(Digitaria spp.)、狗尾草属(Setaria spp.)、臂形草属(Brachiariaspp.)、地肤属(Kochia spp.)和苋属(Amarathus spp.)。
特别地,本发明的除草组合物特别适于控制稻田中不希望的杂草的发芽或生长:
稗草(Echinochloa crusgalli)、耳叶水苋(Ammannia arenaria H. B. K.)、异型莎草(Cyperus difformis L.)、扁秆藨草(Scirpus planiculmis Schmidt)、陌上菜(Lindernia procumbens Philcox)、三棱草(Cyperus rotundus L.)、泽泻(Alismataceae)、野慈姑(Sagittaria trifolia)、田菁(Sesbania exaltata)、竹节花(Commelinadiffusa)、鸭舌草(Monochoria vaginalis)、节节草(Equisetum ramosissimum Desf)、鸭跖草(Herba Commelinae)、水竹叶(Mllrdanniatriguetra)、野荸荠(Heleocharisplantagineiformis Tang et Wang)、日照飘拂草(Fimbristylis miliacea(L.) Vahl)、碎米莎草(Cyperus iria L.)、萤蔺(Scirpus juncoides Roxburgh)、千金子(Leptochloachinensis)鳢肠(Eclipta prostrata (L. ) L.)。
本发明的除草组合物的用途并非限制于用于控制上述这些杂草,也可以用于控制其它杂草。
本发明还提供一种控制杂草发芽或生长的方法,包括:(i)在杂草发芽之前;(ii)在杂草发芽之后;或(iii)在(i)和(ii)时,将除草有效量的含有活性组分(A)和(B)的除草组合物施用于所述杂草或其生长场所。
本发明还提供一种控制杂草发芽或生长的方法,包括使杂草或其生长场所与除草有效量的所述的除草组合物接触。除草有效量指施用以控制杂草除草活性成分的量。
本发明还提供一种控制杂草发芽或生长的方法,将本发明所述的除草组合物施用至土壤中以控制杂草的发芽或生长。
一种控制杂草发芽或生长的方法,将本发明所述的除草组合物施用至杂草以控制杂草的发芽或生长。
一种控制不希望的发芽或生长的方法,将本发明所述的除草组合物中的活性组分(A)和(B)共同或单独地施用至杂草或其生长场所以控制其发芽或生长。
一种控制杂草的方法,将本发明所述的除草组合物中的活性组分(A)和(B)共同或单独地施用于杂草发芽前的土壤、杂草发芽后的叶面以控制杂草发芽或生长。
术语“杂草”是影响有用作物植物的生长和品质的那些植物。包括禾本科杂草和阔叶科杂草。
如果在杂草发芽之前将本发明所述的除草组合物施用于土壤表面,则完全防止杂草幼苗发芽,或者杂草生长至子叶期,但是然后其就停止生长,并最终在两周至四周之后完全死亡。
如果在杂草发芽后将所述除草组合物施用于杂草的绿色部位,生长同样会在处理后的相当短时间内就急剧停止,且该杂草植物保持在施用时间点时的生长期,或者其在一定时间之后完全死亡,以这种方式较早并持续地消除有害于有用植物的杂草产生的竞争。
尽管所述活性组分(A)和(B)已经在大量作物中显示出良好乃至足够的选择性,原则上,在一些作物中,特别是还与其他选择性较小的除草剂混合时,可能会出现对作物植物的植物毒性。所以包含根据本发明的除草组合物以及一种或多种安全剂的组合物是特别有利的。所述安全剂以解毒有效量使用,例如在经济上重要的作物或在果树种植园(种植园作物)中减少所用除草剂的植物毒性副作用。例如小麦、大麦、黑麦、小黑麦、燕麦、玉米、花生、大豆、棉花、甘蔗、马铃薯、稻作物或种植园如柑橘园、葡萄园中的杂草控制。
本发明所述的除草组合物可以通过使用本领域技术人员熟知的技术以常规方式施用。施用方法包括但不限于,施用至杂草或其生长场所,例如施用至植物临近的区域,以及出苗前、出苗后、叶面(散播、定向、带状、定点、机械、跃顶式或复育),以及通过手、背包、机械、拖拉机、或空中(飞机、直升机、无人机)施用方法。
一种控制杂草的方法,包括将本发明所述的除草组合物加入到灌溉水中,通过使用地面或空中喷粉机、喷雾器、撒粒机施用到杂草或其生长场所。
施用类型以众所周知的方式取决于意欲的目的;在任何情况下该技术应确保本发明所述的除草组合物中的活性组分的最佳可能的被分布。
施用率可以在宽范围内变化,并且取决于土壤性质、施用方法(出苗前或出苗后等)、作物植物、要防治的杂草、流行的气候条件和受施用方法控制的其它因素、施用时间和靶标作物。本发明除草组合物活性组分通常可在1-2000g/ha ,优选10-100g/ha的量施用。
本发明的除草组合物可以配制为常规的配制剂形式。其配制剂形式可以是乳油、水悬浮剂、油悬浮剂、种子处理干粉剂、种子处理悬浮剂、水分散粒剂、可湿性粉剂、悬乳剂、烟雾剂、包衣颗粒剂、挤出颗粒剂、水乳剂、微囊悬浮剂、微囊悬浮-悬浮剂、干悬浮剂、超低容量液剂、静电油剂、凝胶、颗粒剂、微粒剂。
本发明所述的配制剂可以通过将活性组分(A)和(B)与液体稀释剂和/或固体稀释剂,和如果需要,表面活性剂如乳化剂和/或分散剂和/或起泡剂一起混合而制备。
适合的液体稀释剂包括水或有机溶剂。例如甲苯、二甲苯、环己烷、矿物油、植物油、丁醇、乙二醇、甲乙酮、甲基异丁基酮、二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基亚砜、水等。
适合的固体稀释剂是硅藻土、硅酸铝镁、活性白土、高岭土、粘土、石膏、膨润土、白炭黑、轻质碳酸钙、石灰石、木屑、玉米淀粉、可溶性淀粉等。
适合的乳化剂可为阴离子和/ 或非例子型乳化剂,例如烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、烷基酚聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚、苄基酚聚氧乙烯醚、聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚、聚氧乙烯脂肪胺、烷基酚聚乙二醇醚等。
适合的分散剂可以为烷基萘磺酸盐、双(烷基)萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物、萘磺酸甲醛缩合物、烷基酚聚氧乙烯基磷酸盐、烷基酚聚氧乙烯基醚甲醛缩合物硫酸盐、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、蓖麻油环氧乙烷加成物、环氧乙烷- 环氧丙烷嵌段共聚物、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚甲醛缩合物、辛基酚聚氧乙烯基醚硫酸盐和甲基纤维素。例如木质素磺酸钠、木质素磺酸钙、甲基萘磺酸钠甲醛缩合物、萘磺酸钠甲醛缩合物、亚甲基萘磺酸钠等。
本发明优选的配制剂形式可以是可湿性粉剂、乳油、悬浮剂、油悬浮剂、微囊剂、微乳剂、水乳剂、悬浮乳剂、水分散粒剂、微囊悬浮-悬浮剂、超低容量液剂。
对于水分散粒剂来说,本领域技术人员很熟悉使用相应的助剂完成本发明。分散剂选自聚羧酸盐、木质素磺酸盐、烷基萘磺酸盐、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、环氧乙烷/环氧丙烷嵌段聚醚;润湿剂选自烷基硫酸盐、烷基磺酸盐、萘磺酸盐、木质素磺酸钠、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚;崩解剂选自硫酸铵、硫酸钠、氯化钠、氯化铵、尿素、蔗糖、葡萄糖、羧甲基纤维素、可溶淀粉、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮;粘结剂选自聚乙烯醇、可溶性淀粉、糊精、黄原胶、羧甲基( 乙基)纤维素类;填料选自硅藻土、高岭土、白炭黑、轻质碳酸钙、滑石粉、凹凸棒土、陶土。
对可湿性粉剂,可使用的助剂有:分散剂选自聚羧酸盐、木质素磺酸盐、烷基萘磺酸盐;润湿剂选自烷基硫酸盐、烷基磺酸盐、萘磺酸盐;填料选自硫酸铵、尿素、蔗糖、葡萄糖、硅藻土、高岭土、白炭黑、轻质碳酸钙、滑石粉、凹凸棒土、陶土。
对悬浮剂,可使用的助剂有:分散剂选自聚羧酸盐、木质素磺酸盐、烷基萘磺酸盐;乳化剂选自烷基酚甲醛树脂聚氧乙烯醚、山梨醇酐单硬脂酸酯)、失水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯聚氧乙烯醚、苯乙基苯酚聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚;润湿剂选自烷基酚聚氧乙烯基醚甲醛缩合物硫酸盐、烷基酚聚氧乙烯基醚磷酸酯、苯乙基酚聚氧乙烯基醚磷酸酯、烷基硫酸盐、烷基磺酸盐、萘磺酸盐;增稠剂选自黄原胶、聚乙烯醇、膨润土、硅酸镁铝;防腐剂选自甲醛、苯甲酸、苯甲酸钠;消泡剂为有机硅类消泡剂;防冻剂选自乙二醇、丙二醇、甘油、尿素、无机盐类( 如氯化钠)。
对可分散油悬浮剂,可使用的助剂有:分散剂选自聚羧酸盐、木质素磺酸盐、烷基萘磺酸盐、蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚、烷基酚甲醛树脂聚氧乙烯醚、山梨醇酐单硬脂酸酯、失水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯聚氧乙烯醚、苯乙基苯酚聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚;润湿剂选自烷基酚聚氧乙烯基醚甲醛缩合物硫酸盐、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯、苯乙基酚聚氧乙烯基醚磷酸酯、烷基硫酸盐、烷基磺酸盐、萘磺酸盐;增稠剂选自白炭黑、聚乙烯醇、膨润土、硅酸镁铝;防冻剂选自乙二醇、丙二醇、甘油、尿素、无机盐类( 如氯化钠) ;稳定剂选自环氧大豆油、环氧氯丙烷、磷酸三苯酯;分散介质选自大豆油、菜籽油、玉米油、油酸甲酯、柴油、机油、矿物油。
本发明所述的配制剂,其含有活性组分(A)和(B),所述活性组分(A)和(B)的重量总共占所述除草组合物以重量计的1%-90%,优选5%-80%,更优选5%-70%,再优选10%-60%。
如果合适,本发明所述的除草组合物也可以存在其他添加组分,例如保护胶体、粘合剂、胶粘剂、增稠剂、防冻剂、消泡剂、触变剂、渗透剂、稳定剂、掩蔽剂、多价螯合剂、络合物形成剂。通常,所述的活性组分可以与常规用于制剂目的的任何固体或液体添加剂结合。
合适的增稠剂是多糖(例如黄原胶、羧甲基纤维素)、无机粘土(有机改性或未改性的)、聚羧酸盐和硅酸盐。
合适的防冻剂是乙二醇、丙二醇、尿素和甘油。
合适的消泡剂是聚硅氧烷、长链醇和脂肪酸盐。
合适的粘合剂是聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮、聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯酸酯以及纤维素醚。
根据制剂特性,可以按照预期对象和流行环境来选自施用方法,如叶面、浸透、喷雾、喷粉、散射进行选择。
应用时,制剂可以是商品形式,如需要,以常规方式稀释,例如用水稀释可湿性粉剂、乳油、分散剂和水分散粒剂。对于粉剂,土壤施用颗粒剂,撒播粒剂和喷雾溶液类型的制剂,一般在使用前不再用其它惰性物质稀释。
本发明所述的除草组合物中还可包含其他组分的各种活性化合物,例如选自杀真菌剂、杀昆虫剂、杀螨剂、杀线虫剂、驱鸟剂、土壤结构改良剂、以及植物生长调节剂。
本发明的协同增效作用可使单个除草剂的施用率降低、在相同施用率下的效用更高,防除还未被防除的品种、防除对单一除草剂或多种除草剂耐受或具有抗性的品种、施用期延长和/或所需的单独施用次数减少;并且对于使用者而言,获得了在经济和生态上更加有利的杂草防除体系。
具体实施方式
生物测试例
方法:
将丙炔氟草胺和表中的活性组分(B)的原药分别用丙酮溶解配制单剂的母液,再用含0.1%的吐温-80的水溶液稀释至所需的浓度。
将待测杂草种子分别干播于直径为20cm的塑料盆内,盖土1cm。第二天,将准备好的待测药剂采用DeVries,SB6-202 行走式喷雾塔均匀地施用于土壤的表面, 并设清水对照;每处理3个重复。试材处理后置于通风处自然阴晾2-3h,处理后3d内不要喷淋试材叶片,用渗灌的方式给水,放置温室内管理。药后21d,称量地上部分的鲜重,分别计算鲜重防效。
鲜重防效(%)=(空白对照杂草鲜重-药剂处理杂草鲜重)/空白对照杂草鲜重 ×100
两种活性化合物的特定组合的预期作用可使用所谓的"Colby 公式" (参见S.R.Colby, "Calculating Synergistic and Antagonistic Responses of HerbicideCombinations “,Weeds 1967,15, 20-22)
Colby的预期值用下式计算:
X 是当剂量为mg/ha 或浓度为mppm的活性组分(A)的防效;
Y 是当剂量为ng/ha或浓度为nppm的活性组分(B)的防效;
E 是当剂量为m和ng/ha 或浓度为m和nppm的活性组分(A)和活性组分(B)的预期值;
当实际测试的杂草防效大于根据Colby公式预期的防效时,那么该混合物超加和,即具有增效作用。
表1 对稗草的防效
表2 对异型莎草的防效
表3 对千金子的防效
表4对鳢肠的防效
试验结果可以看出,丙炔氟草胺和活性组分(B)组合的除草效果明显较单独施用丙炔氟草胺和活性组分(B)更佳,具有明显的增益效果。
Claims (20)
1.一种除草组合物,其特征在于,所述组合物包含活性组分(A)丙炔氟草胺和活性组分(B)丙炔噁草酮、环戊噁草酮、双唑草腈中的一种或多种,所述活性组分(A)和活性组分(B)的重量配比为100:1-1:100。
2.根据权利要求1所述的除草组合物,其特征在于,所述除草组合物,活性组分(A)和活性组分(B)的组合方式可以是:
(2)丙炔氟草胺+丙炔噁草酮;
(3)丙炔氟草胺+环戊噁草酮;
(9)丙炔氟草胺+双唑草腈。
3.根据权利要求1所述的除草组合物,其特征在于,所述活性组分(B)选自丙炔噁草酮,所述丙炔氟草胺和丙炔噁草酮的重量配比为10:1-1:50。
4.根据权利要求1所述的除草组合物,其特征在于,所述活性组分(B)选自丙炔噁草酮,所述丙炔氟草胺和丙炔噁草酮的重量配比为5:1-1:50。
5.根据权利要求1所述的除草组合物,其特征在于,所述活性组分(B)选自丙炔噁草酮,所述丙炔氟草胺和丙炔噁草酮的重量配比为5:1-1:30。
6.根据权利要求1所述的除草组合物,其特征在于,所述活性组分(B)选自丙炔噁草酮,所述丙炔氟草胺和丙炔噁草酮的重量配比为5:1-1:25。
7.根据权利要求1所述的除草组合物,其特征在于,所述活性组分(B)选自丙炔噁草酮,所述丙炔氟草胺和丙炔噁草酮的重量配比为5:1-1:15。
8.根据权利要求1所述的除草组合物,其特征在于,所述活性组分(B)选自环戊噁草酮,所述丙炔氟草胺和环戊噁草酮的重量配比为10:1-1:50。
9.根据权利要求1所述的除草组合物,其特征在于,所述活性组分(B)选自环戊噁草酮,所述丙炔氟草胺和环戊噁草酮的重量配比为5:1-1:50。
10.根据权利要求1所述的除草组合物,其特征在于,所述活性组分(B)选自环戊噁草酮,所述丙炔氟草胺和环戊噁草酮的重量配比为5:1-1:25。
11.根据权利要求1所述的除草组合物,其特征在于,所述活性组分(B)选自双唑草腈,所述丙炔氟草胺和双唑草腈的重量配比为1:1-1:100。
12.根据权利要求1所述的除草组合物,其特征在于,所述活性组分(B)选自双唑草腈,所述丙炔氟草胺和双唑草腈的重量配比为1:1-1:50。
13.根据权利要求1所述的除草组合物,其特征在于,所述活性组分(B)选自双唑草腈,所述丙炔氟草胺和双唑草腈的重量配比为1:1-1:30。
14.根据权利要求1所述的除草组合物,其特征在于,所述除草组合物可配制成可湿性粉剂、乳油、悬浮剂、油悬浮剂、微囊剂、微乳剂、水乳剂、悬浮乳剂、水分散粒剂、微囊悬浮-悬浮剂、超低容量液剂。
15.权利要求1所述的除草组合物在控制有用植物中杂草发芽或生长的用途,所述有用植物选自小麦、大麦、黑麦、小黑麦、燕麦、玉米、花生、大豆、棉花、甘蔗、马铃薯、稻、柑橘、葡萄。
16.权利要求1所述的除草组合物在控制稻、大豆、玉米、棉花、花生作物中杂草发芽或生长的用途。
17.一种控制杂草发芽或生长的方法,其特征在于,包括:(i)在杂草发芽之前;(ii)在杂草发芽之后;或(iii)在(i)和(ii)时,将除草有效量的权利要求1所述的除草组合物施用于所述杂草或其生长场所。
18.一种控制杂草发芽或生长的方法,其特征在于,将权利要求1所述的除草组合物施用至土壤中以控制杂草的发芽或生长。
19.一种控制杂草发芽或生长的方法,其特征在于,将权利要求1所述的除草组合物施用至杂草或其生长场所以控制杂草的发芽或生长。
20.一种控制杂草发芽或生长的方法,其特征在于,将权利要求1所述的除草组合物施用于杂草发芽前的土壤、杂草发芽后的叶面以控制杂草的发芽或生长。
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