CN115250904A - Breeding method of high-pigment pepper - Google Patents
Breeding method of high-pigment pepper Download PDFInfo
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- 235000002566 Capsicum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000006002 Pepper Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 235000016761 Piper aduncum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 235000017804 Piper guineense Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 235000008184 Piper nigrum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 244000203593 Piper nigrum Species 0.000 title 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 241000722363 Piper Species 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 44
- 230000010152 pollination Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- NCPXQVVMIXIKTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium;phosphite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])[O-] NCPXQVVMIXIKTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- MCSXGCZMEPXKIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxy-4-[(4-methyl-2-nitrophenyl)diazenyl]-N-(3-nitrophenyl)naphthalene-2-carboxamide Chemical group Cc1ccc(N=Nc2c(O)c(cc3ccccc23)C(=O)Nc2cccc(c2)[N+]([O-])=O)c(c1)[N+]([O-])=O MCSXGCZMEPXKIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- PRPINYUDVPFIRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthaleneacetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PRPINYUDVPFIRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019640 taste Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000131415 Zanthoxylum piperitum Species 0.000 claims 2
- 235000008853 Zanthoxylum piperitum Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001390 capsicum minimum Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 241000208293 Capsicum Species 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 240000008574 Capsicum frutescens Species 0.000 description 14
- 240000004160 Capsicum annuum Species 0.000 description 13
- 235000002567 Capsicum annuum Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 239000001511 capsicum annuum Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 5
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000002568 Capsicum frutescens Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019654 spicy taste Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 2
- YKPUWZUDDOIDPM-SOFGYWHQSA-N capsaicin Chemical compound COC1=CC(CNC(=O)CCCC\C=C\C(C)C)=CC=C1O YKPUWZUDDOIDPM-SOFGYWHQSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000758706 Piperaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000208292 Solanaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036528 appetite Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019789 appetite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960002504 capsaicin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000017663 capsaicin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011194 food seasoning agent Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/008—Methods for regeneration to complete plants
Abstract
The invention provides a breeding method of high-pigment capsicum, relating to the technical field of capsicum breeding. The breeding method of the high-pigment capsicum comprises the following steps: selecting a pepper variety with high pigment content as a female parent, and selecting a pepper variety with concentrated fruit setting and high yield as a male parent; exposing seeds of the first filial generation variety to the sun for 2 days, disinfecting with a sodium hypochlorite solution with the concentration of 0-30%, cleaning with deionized water, and then normally managing; backcrossing the second filial generation variety with the pepper variety with high pigment content as male parent for 3 times to obtain backcross progeny; carrying out secondary stem tip detoxification tissue culture on the excellent backcross progeny strains, and then adopting polyethylene glycol stress treatment to induce drought-resistant strains; obtaining a new variety of the high-pigment capsicum. By selecting female parent and male parent with better varieties for hybridization and carrying out secondary hybridization and multiple backcrosses, the pepper has the characteristics of precocity, high yield, high color value and the like, and meets the market demand.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pepper breeding, in particular to a method for breeding high-pigment peppers.
Background
Capsicum annuum of genus Capsicum of family Solanaceae. Is a perennial or limited herbaceous plant. Fruits are usually conical or oblong, green when unripe, and bright red, green or purple when ripe, most commonly red. The fruit and the peel of the pepper contain capsaicin and have spicy taste, and can promote appetite. The content of vitamin C in the pepper is the first in vegetables, which is native to Mexico, and the Mingdong is introduced into China in the last year. The ornamental pepper is round and inedible, and has red and purple colors.
The pepper is one of the important vegetable crops in China and is widely planted at home and abroad. At present, the planting area of the pepper in China reaches 142 million hectares, particularly, the pigment pepper is used as an important seasoning and an industrial raw material, and the demand at home and abroad is large. In international trade pricing of pepper raw materials, color value is an important determining index. In recent years, conventional varieties such as 'Yidu red' and 'Beijing red' in main dry pepper producing areas in North China still occupy a quite large planting area, and have a large difference with foreign variety hybrid optimization. The introduced variety and the local variety are mixed, the seed properties are mixed and the self-remaining variety is degraded, so that the pigment content of the current pigment pepper variety is low, the color value is unstable, the yield after harvesting is low, the commodity is poor, the problems of single variety structure, increasingly aggravated pest and disease damage and the like are faced, the pest resistance effect is poor, and the survival rate is low.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for breeding high-pigment hot pepper, and solves the problems of low pigment content and poor disease and insect resistance and drought resistance effects.
(II) technical scheme
In order to realize the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the breeding method of the high-pigment pepper comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting a pepper variety with high pigment content as a female parent, selecting a pepper variety with concentrated fruit setting and high yield as a male parent, carrying out artificial pollination and normal management to obtain a first-filial generation variety;
s2: exposing the seeds of the first-filial generation variety obtained in the step S1 to the sun for 2 days, disinfecting the seeds by using a sodium hypochlorite solution with the concentration of 0-30%, cleaning the seeds by using deionized water, carrying out normal management, and separating to obtain mature fruits of the second-filial generation variety;
s3: backcrossing the second filial generation variety in the S2 and the pepper variety with high pigment content as a male parent for 3 times to obtain backcross progeny;
s4: performing secondary stem tip detoxification tissue culture on the excellent backcross progeny strains obtained in the S3, and then inducing drought-resistant strains by adopting polyethylene glycol stress treatment;
s5: and (4) screening the excellent pepper varieties obtained in the step (S4) through a variety comparison test and a production test, and then performing a new variety regional test to obtain the new high-pigment pepper variety.
Preferably, in S1, the female parent is characterized in that the plant growth vigor is strong, the plant height is 80-90cm, the plant width is about 80cm, the node position of the Mongolian pepper is 12-14, the height of the Mongolian pepper is 14-16cm, the fruit length is 18-19cm, the fruit transverse diameter is 2.5-3.0cm, the fruit number of single plant is about 30, the mature fruit is dark red, and is easy to dry and slightly spicy.
Preferably, in the S1, the male parents are characterized in that the plants are medium in growth vigor, the plant height is 50-55cm, the plant width is about 45cm, the nodes of the Men pepper are 9-10, the height of the Men pepper is 8-10cm, the fruit length is 12-13cm, the transverse stem of the fruit is 3.6-3.8cm, the fruit setting number of each plant is about 50, the mature fruit is dark red, the dehydration speed of the pepper fruit is high, and the pepper fruit is medium spicy.
Preferably, in S1, artificial pollination is to perform artificial castration on the female parent in the afternoon of the day before flowering, pollen is taken out from the stamen of the largest petal at the lower part of the male parent plant and is directly used for pollination, the pollination time is between 7 and 10, and bagging treatment is performed after pollination.
Preferably, in S2, the treatment solution is prepared in a manner that: preparing 0.1-0.3% sodium phosphite solution with deionized water, adding naphthylacetic acid solution with the same volume as the sodium phosphite solution, mixing, and performing ultrasonic dispersion at 30-40 deg.C for 10-20min to obtain the treatment solution.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a breeding method of high-pigment capsicum. The method has the following beneficial effects:
1. by selecting the female parent and the male parent with better varieties for hybridization and performing secondary hybridization and multiple backcrosses, the pepper has the characteristics of precocity, high yield, high color value and the like and meets the market demand.
2. After the first filial generation, the buds are treated by using a treating fluid prepared by mixing a sodium phosphite solution and a naphthylacetic acid solution, so that the buds have a good disease and insect resistant effect.
3. The drought-resistant strain is induced by carrying out polyethylene glycol stress treatment, and the obtained new pepper variety has good drought resistance, strong environmental adaptability and high yield.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the embodiment of the invention provides a breeding method of high-pigment hot pepper, which comprises the following steps:
s1: a pepper variety with high pigment content is selected as a female parent (a selfing line obtained by separating a preferred strain from a hybrid variety Changjian introduced in Japan and purifying and breeding for 8 generations), named as LD40, and comprises the following specific steps: the plant growth vigor is strong, the plant height is 80-90cm, the plant width is about 80cm, the node position of the capsicum annuum is 12-14, the height of the capsicum annuum is 14-16cm, the fruit length is 18-19cm, the fruit transverse diameter is 2.5-3.0cm, the number of single plant fruit setting is about 30, the mature fruit is dark red, and the fruit is easy to dry and has slight spicy taste;
a pepper variety with concentrated fruit setting and high yield is selected as a male parent (an inbred line which is obtained by purifying and breeding 7 generations of a conventional variety 'Jinshan caokjiao' in inner Mongolia karyan Qin places), and is named as LD4050, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: the growth vigor of the plants is moderate, the plant height is 50-55cm, the plant width is about 45cm, the node position of the capsicum annuum is 9-10, the height of the capsicum annuum is 8-10cm, the fruit length is 12-13cm, the transverse diameter of the fruit is 3.6-3.8cm, the number of the single-plant fruit is about 50, the mature fruit is dark red, the dehydration speed of the capsicum fruit is high, and the capsicum fruit is medium spicy;
carrying out artificial pollination on the female parent and the male parent, wherein the artificial pollination is that the female parent is subjected to artificial emasculation in the afternoon one day before blooming, pollen is taken out from the stamen of the largest petal at the lower part of a male parent plant and is directly used for pollination, the pollination time is between 7 and 10, bagging treatment is carried out after pollination, and normal management is carried out to obtain a first-filial generation variety;
s2: exposing the seeds of the first-filial generation variety obtained in the step S1 to the sun for 2 days, cleaning the seeds with deionized water, then normally managing the seeds, and separating the seeds to obtain mature fruits of the second-filial generation variety;
s3: backcrossing the second filial generation variety in the S2 and a pepper variety with high pigment content as a male parent for 3 times to obtain a backcross progeny;
s4: performing secondary stem tip detoxification tissue culture on the excellent backcross progeny strains obtained in the S3, and then inducing drought-resistant strains by adopting polyethylene glycol stress treatment;
s5: and (5) screening the excellent pepper varieties obtained in the step (S4) through a variety comparison test and a production test, and then performing a new variety regional test to obtain the new high-pigment pepper variety.
Example two:
the embodiment of the invention provides a breeding method of high-pigment hot pepper, which comprises the following steps:
s1: the pepper variety with high pigment content is selected as a female parent (a selfing line which is obtained by separating a preferred strain from a hybrid species 'Changjian' introduced in Japan and purifying and breeding 8 generations), named as LD41 and specifically comprises the following steps: the plant growth vigor is strong, the plant height is 80-90cm, the plant width is about 80cm, the node position of the capsicum annuum is 12-14, the height of the capsicum annuum is 14-16cm, the fruit length is 18-19cm, the fruit transverse diameter is 2.5-3.0cm, the number of single plant fruit setting is about 50, the mature fruit is dark red, and the fruit is easy to dry and has slight spicy taste;
a pepper variety with concentrated fruit setting and high yield is selected as a male parent (an inbred line which is obtained by purifying and breeding 7 generations of a conventional variety 'Jinshan caokjiao' in inner Mongolia karyan Qin places), and is named as LD4051, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: the growth vigor of the plants is moderate, the plant height is 50-55cm, the plant width is about 45cm, the node position of the capsicum annuum is 9-10, the height of the capsicum annuum is 8-10cm, the fruit length is 12-13cm, the transverse diameter of the fruit is 3.6-3.8cm, the number of single-plant fruit setting is about 25, the mature fruit is dark red, the dehydration speed of the capsicum fruit is high, and the capsicum fruit is medium spicy;
carrying out artificial pollination on the female parent and the male parent, wherein the artificial pollination is that the female parent is subjected to artificial emasculation in the afternoon one day before blooming, pollen is taken out from the stamen of the largest petal at the lower part of a male parent plant and is directly used for pollination, the pollination time is between 7 and 10, bagging treatment is carried out after pollination, and normal management is carried out to obtain a first-filial generation variety;
s2: exposing the seeds of the first-filial generation variety obtained in the step S1 to the sun for 2 days, disinfecting with a sodium hypochlorite solution with the concentration of 30%, cleaning with deionized water, normally planting, selecting buds 10h before flowering, immersing in a treatment solution for treatment, normally managing, and separating to obtain mature fruits of the second-filial generation variety; the preparation method of the treating fluid comprises the following steps: preparing 0.1% sodium phosphite solution with deionized water, adding 10mg/L naphthylacetic acid solution with the same volume as the sodium phosphite solution, mixing, and performing ultrasonic dispersion at 40 deg.C for 20min to obtain treatment solution;
s3: backcrossing the second filial generation variety in the S2 and a pepper variety with high pigment content as a male parent for 3 times to obtain a backcross progeny;
s4: and (4) screening the excellent pepper varieties obtained in the step (S3) through a variety comparison test and a production test, and then performing a new variety regional test to obtain the new high-pigment pepper variety.
Example three:
the embodiment of the invention provides a breeding method of high-pigment capsicum, which comprises the following steps:
s1: a pepper variety with high pigment content is selected as a female parent (a selfing line obtained by separating a preferred strain from a hybrid variety Changjian introduced in Japan and purifying and breeding for 8 generations), named as LD42, and comprises the following specific steps: the plant growth vigor is strong, the plant height is 80-90cm, the plant width is about 80cm, the node position of the Menjiao is 12-14, the height of the Menjiao is 14-16cm, the fruit length is 18-19cm, the fruit transverse diameter is 2.5-3.0cm, the number of single plant fruit setting is about 30, the mature fruit is deep red, and the fruit is easy to dry and has slight peppery taste;
the pepper variety with concentrated fruit setting and high yield is selected as a male parent (an inbred line which is obtained by purifying and breeding a conventional variety 'Jinshannijiao' in inner Mongolia karyin Qifang place for 7 generations), and is named as LD4052, and specifically comprises the following steps: the growth vigor of the plants is moderate, the plant height is 50-55cm, the plant width is about 45cm, the node position of the capsicum annuum is 9-10, the height of the capsicum annuum is 8-10cm, the fruit length is 12-13cm, the transverse diameter of the fruit is 3.6-3.8cm, the number of the single-plant fruit is about 50, the mature fruit is dark red, the dehydration speed of the capsicum fruit is high, and the capsicum fruit is medium spicy;
carrying out artificial pollination on the female parent and the male parent, wherein the artificial pollination is that the female parent is subjected to artificial emasculation in the afternoon one day before blooming, pollen is taken out from the stamen of the largest petal at the lower part of a male parent plant and is directly used for pollination, the pollination time is between 7 and 10, bagging treatment is carried out after pollination, and normal management is carried out to obtain a first-filial generation variety;
s2: exposing the seeds of the first-filial generation variety obtained in the step S1 to the sun for 2 days, disinfecting the seeds by using a sodium hypochlorite solution with the concentration of 30%, cleaning the seeds by using deionized water, normally planting the seeds, selecting buds 10 hours before flowering, immersing the buds in a treatment solution for treatment, normally managing the buds, and separating the buds to obtain mature fruits of the second-filial generation variety; wherein, the preparation method of the treating fluid is as follows: preparing 0.1% sodium phosphite solution with deionized water, adding 10mg/L naphthylacetic acid solution with the same volume as the sodium phosphite solution, mixing well, and performing ultrasonic dispersion at 40 deg.C for 20min to obtain treatment solution;
s3: backcrossing the second filial generation variety in the S2 and a pepper variety with high pigment content as a male parent for 3 times to obtain a backcross progeny;
s4: performing secondary stem tip detoxification tissue culture on the excellent backcross progeny strains obtained in the S3, and then inducing drought-resistant strains by adopting polyethylene glycol stress treatment;
s5: and (4) screening the excellent pepper varieties obtained in the step (S4) through a variety comparison test and a production test, and then performing a new variety regional test to obtain the new high-pigment pepper variety.
Comparative example:
the embodiment of the invention provides a breeding method of high-pigment capsicum, which comprises the following steps:
s1: a pepper variety with high pigment content is selected as a female parent (a selfing line obtained by separating a preferred strain from a hybrid variety Changjian introduced in Japan and purifying and breeding for 8 generations), and is named as LD43, which comprises the following specific steps: the plant growth vigor is strong, the plant height is 80-90cm, the plant width is about 80cm, the node position of the Menjiao is 12-14, the height of the Menjiao is 14-16cm, the fruit length is 18-19cm, the fruit transverse diameter is 2.5-3.0cm, the number of single plant fruit setting is about 30, the mature fruit is deep red, and the fruit is easy to dry and has slight peppery taste;
the pepper variety with concentrated fruit setting and high yield is selected as a male parent (an inbred line which is obtained by purifying and breeding a conventional variety 'Jinshannijiao' in inner Mongolia Kazao Qifang plot for 7 generations), named as LD4053, and specifically comprises the following steps: the growth vigor of plants is moderate, the plant height is 50-55cm, the plant width is about 45cm, the node position of the capsicum annuum is 9-10, the height of the capsicum annuum is 8-10cm, the fruit length is 12-13cm, the transverse diameter of the fruit is 3.6-3.8cm, the number of single-plant fruit setting is about 50, the mature fruit is dark red, the dehydration speed of the capsicum fruit is high, and the capsicum fruit is medium spicy;
carrying out artificial pollination on the female parent and the male parent, wherein the artificial pollination is that the female parent is subjected to artificial castration in the afternoon one day before blooming, pollen is taken out from the stamen of the largest petal at the lower part of the plant of the male parent and is directly used for pollination, the pollination time is between 7 and 10, bagging treatment is carried out after pollination, and normal management is carried out, so that a first-filial generation variety is obtained;
s2: exposing the seeds of the first-filial generation variety obtained in the step S1 to the sun for 2 days, cleaning the seeds with deionized water, then normally managing the seeds, and separating the seeds to obtain mature fruits of the second-filial generation variety;
s3: backcrossing the second filial generation variety in the S2 and the pepper variety with high pigment content as a male parent for 3 times to obtain backcross progeny;
s4: and (4) screening the excellent pepper varieties obtained in the step (S3) through a variety comparison test and a production test, and then performing a new variety regional test to obtain the new high-pigment pepper variety.
The incubation results for each example are shown in the following table:
| group of | Color of ripe fruit | Disease and insect resistance | Drought resistance | Color value |
| Example one | Deep red | Is low with | Height of | 12.81 |
| Example two | Deep red | Height of | Is low in | 13.12 |
| EXAMPLE III | Deep red | Height of | High (a) | 14.45 |
| Comparative example | Deep red | Is low in | Is low with | 12.25 |
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. The breeding method of the high-pigment pepper is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: selecting a pepper variety with high pigment content as a female parent, selecting a pepper variety with concentrated fruit setting and high yield as a male parent, carrying out artificial pollination and normal management to obtain a first-filial generation variety;
s2: exposing the seeds of the first-filial generation variety obtained in the step S1 to the sun for 2 days, disinfecting the seeds by using a sodium hypochlorite solution with the concentration of 0-30%, cleaning the seeds by using deionized water, normally planting the seeds, selecting buds 10 hours before flowering, immersing the buds in a treatment solution for treatment, normally managing the buds, and separating to obtain mature fruits of the second-filial generation variety;
s3: backcrossing the second filial generation variety in the S2 and a pepper variety with high pigment content as a male parent for 3 times to obtain a backcross progeny;
s4: performing secondary stem tip detoxification tissue culture on the excellent backcross progeny strains obtained in the S3, and then inducing drought-resistant strains by adopting polyethylene glycol stress treatment;
s5: and (4) screening the excellent pepper varieties obtained in the step (S4) through a variety comparison test and a production test, and then performing a new variety regional test to obtain the new high-pigment pepper variety.
2. The method for breeding the high-pigment pepper according to claim 1, wherein: in the S1, the female parent is characterized in that the plant growth vigor is strong, the plant height is 80-90cm, the plant width is about 80cm, the joint position of the Menjiao is 12-14, the height of the Menjiao is 14-16cm, the fruit length is 18-19cm, the fruit transverse diameter is 2.5-3.0cm, the fruit number of a single plant is about 30, the mature fruit is deep red, and the fruit is easy to dry and has slight peppery taste.
3. The method for breeding the high-pigment pepper according to claim 1, wherein: in the S1, the male parent is characterized in that the plant growth vigor is moderate, the plant height is 50-55cm, the plant width is about 45cm, the node position of the Zanthoxylum piperitum is 9-10, the height of the Zanthoxylum piperitum is 8-10cm, the fruit length is 12-13cm, the transverse diameter of the fruit is 3.6-3.8cm, the number of the single plant fruits is about 50, the mature fruit is dark red, the dehydration speed of the pepper fruit is high, and the pepper fruit is medium spicy.
4. The method for breeding the high-pigment pepper according to claim 1, wherein: in the S1, artificial pollination is to perform artificial castration on a female parent in the afternoon one day before blooming, pollen is taken out from a stamen part of the largest petal at the lower part of a male parent plant and is directly used for pollination, the pollination time is between 7 and 10, and bagging treatment is performed after pollination.
5. The method for breeding the high-pigment pepper according to claim 1, wherein: in S2, the preparation method of the treatment liquid is as follows: preparing 0.1-0.3% sodium phosphite solution with deionized water, adding naphthylacetic acid solution with the same volume as the sodium phosphite solution, mixing well, and performing ultrasonic dispersion at 30-40 deg.C for 10-20min to obtain the treatment solution.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104813917A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-08-05 | 常州市科宏电子电器有限公司 | Breeding method of pepper |
| CN109258449A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2019-01-25 | 湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | A kind of method for breeding hot pepper with excellent resistant |
| CN114208659A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-03-22 | 新疆天椒红安农业科技有限责任公司 | Breeding method of high-pigment hot pepper |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104813917A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-08-05 | 常州市科宏电子电器有限公司 | Breeding method of pepper |
| CN109258449A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2019-01-25 | 湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | A kind of method for breeding hot pepper with excellent resistant |
| CN114208659A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-03-22 | 新疆天椒红安农业科技有限责任公司 | Breeding method of high-pigment hot pepper |
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| 刘紫垠等: "高色素线辣椒陕早红选育及栽培技术", 《陕西农业科学》 * |
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