CN115231768A - Light ceramsite expansion bed built-in activated carbon filter and method for purifying water by applying same - Google Patents
Light ceramsite expansion bed built-in activated carbon filter and method for purifying water by applying same Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/11—Turbidity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/04—Flow arrangements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a light ceramsite expansion bed built-in activated carbon filter and a method for purifying water quality by applying the filter; the activated carbon filter is internally provided with a water distribution channel box, a bottom aeration device, a water distribution area, a filter plate and filter head, a bearing layer, an expansion mixed bed, a filter screen plate, a water outlet area and a water collection tank from bottom to top in sequence, wherein the expansion mixed bed is formed by mixing activated carbon and light ceramsite, and the volume ratio of the activated carbon to the light ceramsite is 20-25: 100, respectively; the density of the water-wetted particles of the activated carbon is 1.3 to 1.5g/cm 3 The density of the water-wetted particles of the light ceramsite is 0.9-1.1 g/cm 3 . The invention is suitable for being arranged between a sedimentation tank and a sand filter tank of a water works, has low operation energy consumption, greatly improves the biological safety of water supply, and is in micro-aerationThe effect of adsorbing and degrading micro-pollutants in the activated carbon filter is basically equivalent to that of an ozone activated carbon filter, and the activated carbon filter can be aerated, washed and replaced by new carbon regularly to maintain the adsorption effect for a long time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a carbon filter, in particular to an upflow type light ceramsite expansion bed built-in activated carbon filter and a method for purifying water quality by applying the upflow type light ceramsite expansion bed built-in activated carbon filter, belonging to the technical field of micro-polluted water treatment.
Background
Aiming at micro-polluted drinking water sources, a biological activated carbon water supply advanced treatment technology is commonly adopted at home and abroad, namely an activated carbon adsorption tank is added behind a sand filtration unit of a conventional water purification process of coagulation, precipitation, sand filtration and disinfection to form a deep treatment process of coagulation → precipitation → sand filtration tank → activated carbon filtration tank → disinfection, and trace pollutants in water are further adsorbed and removed. When the water temperature exceeds 5 ℃, a biomembrane formed on the activated carbon can degrade organic matters and nitrify ammonia nitrogen and is positioned at the tail end of a water purification process, the activated carbon adsorption and biochemistry directly aim at residual micro-pollutants in the effluent of the conventional process, the purification efficiency is high, the turbidity of the inlet water is lower than 1NTU, and the turbidity intercepted by the activated carbon filter tank is extremely little, so that the flushing period and the activated carbon adsorption saturation time are greatly prolonged, and the operation and maintenance cost is reduced. The process has certain removal capacity on organic pollutants and heavy metals from domestic large-scale application, can effectively deal with sudden water source pollution, and is widely accepted in the aspect of water quality improvement.
However, the activated carbon filter provides suitable growth conditions for micro-aquatic animals. The activated carbon filter is arranged at the tail end of a water purification process, the discharged water has the risk of micro biological leakage, the activated carbon filter is particularly prominent in subtropical regions in the south of China, and the hidden danger of biological safety exists when tap water is drunk directly. If the activated carbon filter is arranged between the coagulating sedimentation unit and the sand filter unit to form a water supply advanced treatment process of 'raw water → coagulating sedimentation tank → activated carbon filter → sand filter → disinfection', and the filter handle of the tail end sand filter is utilized, the risk of the activated carbon filter leaking microorganisms can be eliminated. Compared with the filtered clean water which enters the activated carbon filter arranged behind the sand filter, the turbidity of the water to be filtered which enters the activated carbon filter arranged between the sedimentation tank and the sand filter is obviously increased, if a common activated carbon filter technology is adopted, the turbidity intercepting and filtering capacity is close to the sand filter, the washing period is also close to the sand filter, the adsorption and biochemical effects of the activated carbon can be seriously weakened by frequent washing, and the service life of the activated carbon filter material is greatly reduced.
The Chinese invention patent ZL201310476420.2 discloses an upflow suspended ceramsite-activated carbon double-layer filter and a method for treating raw water by applying the upflow suspended ceramsite-activated carbon double-layer filter; the suspended haydite filter bed is in micro expansion state, so that it has small flow resistance, slow loss of filtering head, long flushing period, easy flushing and fluidizing, and is suitable for initial filtering to eliminate most of turbidity matter. In addition, the suspended ceramsite has a rough surface, is hydrophilic and is easy to form a membrane, and can play a biochemical role at the same time; the activated carbon is placed on a filter plate, and low-turbidity water after primary filtration is received, so that the functions of activated carbon adsorption and biodegradation for removing micropollutants in water are fully exerted. The primary filtration of the suspended ceramsite bed under the filter plate can be carried out under the condition that the turbidity of the water to be filtered is not more than 3NTU, and the stable operation of the activated carbon bed in the low-turbidity environment with less than 1NTU can be kept for a long time. However, the upflow suspended ceramsite-activated carbon double-layer filter is complex in form, and the depth of the filter is increased, so that the manufacturing cost is obviously increased, and the upflow suspended ceramsite-activated carbon double-layer filter is not beneficial to popularization and application.
The Chinese invention patent CN103508510B discloses an upward flow activated carbon filter, wherein a 0.45m thick graded gravel bearing layer with the granularity of 2-16 mm is laid on a filter plate; then laying a crushed charcoal bed with the thickness of 2-2.5m and the mesh size of 20-50, and soaking the charcoal bed with water until the density of the granules is 1.3-1.5 g/cm 3 And the filtration velocity rising flow operation is in a micro-expansion state according to the design. However, the carbon bed in the technology is sensitive to the upward filtration speed, the running stability is insufficient, carbon is easy to run when the upward filtration speed is too high, the expansion of the carbon bed is insufficient when the upward filtration speed is too low, and the filtration water resistance is increased. The technology is not suitable for aeration operation and is easy to run a large amount of carbon along with the ascending water flow. In order to prevent the support layer from being blocked, the turbidity of the water to be filtered must be strictly controlled to operate in a low turbidity environment of < 1 NTU. The turbidity of the water to be filtered in many water plants reaches 1 to 3NTU, and the difficulty of controlling the turbidity to be filtered to be less than 1NTU is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the light ceramsite expansion bed built-in activated carbon filter tank for the advanced water supply treatment, which has obvious cost advantage, can conveniently replace new carbon, stably maintains the adsorption function of activated carbon for a long time and is suitable for being arranged between a sedimentation tank and a sand filter tank of a water plant to improve the biological safety of water supply.
The invention also aims to provide a method for deeply purifying water by using the light ceramsite expansion bed with an activated carbon filter inside.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a light ceramsite expansion bed built-in activated carbon filter comprises an up-flow filter body, a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe, an aeration pipe and a blow-down pipe; the filter body sequentially comprises a water distribution channel box, a water distribution short pipe, a bottom aeration device, a water distribution area, a filter plate, a filter head, an expansion mixed bed, a filter screen plate, a water outlet area and a water collection tank from bottom to top, wherein the bottom aeration device is connected with an aeration blower through an aeration pipe; the water collecting tank is communicated with the water outlet pipe, and the water distribution channel box is communicated with the water inlet pipe and the emptying pipe and is communicated with the water distribution area through a plurality of water distribution short pipes; the expanded mixed bed is formed by mixing activated carbon and light ceramsite, and the volume ratio of the activated carbon to the light ceramsite is 20-25: 100; the density of the water-wetted particles of the activated carbon is 1.3 to 1.5g/cm 3 The density of the water-wetted particles of the light ceramsite is 0.9-1.1 g/cm 3 。
In order to further achieve the purpose of the invention, preferably, the activated carbon is coal-based water purification crushed carbon or columnar carbon, and the granularity is 8-30 meshes.
Preferably, the height of the expanded mixed bed is 2-2.5m, and the density of the whole water-wet particles is 1.05-1.15 g/cm 3 The porosity is 25-30%.
Preferably, the water distribution channel box is a rectangular sealing channel box, the length of the channel box is consistent with the length of the plane of the filter tank body, and a plurality of water distribution short pipes are uniformly distributed on the top plate of the channel box along the length of the filter tank body.
Preferably, the bottom aeration device consists of a plurality of membrane hole aeration pipes which are uniformly arranged on a bottom plate of the cavity of the upflow filter body, the plurality of membrane hole aeration pipes are connected with the aeration pipe after being gathered, and the aeration pipe is connected with the blower.
Preferably, the bottom aeration device is made of one or a combination of stainless steel, plastic and rubber.
Preferably, the height of the water distribution area is 0.6-0.8 m; the filter plates and the filter heads are arranged at the upper end of the water distribution area, and the filter heads are uniformly arranged on the filter plates.
Preferably, the bearing layer consists of heavy ceramsite or gravel with the diameter of 6-10 mm and the thickness of 0.3-0.5 m; the density of the water-wetted particles of the heavy ceramsite is 1.7-1.9 g/cm 3 (ii) a The mesh diameter of the filter screen plate is 3-5 mm; the height of the filter screen plate from the top surface of the supporting layer is more than 25% of the height of the expanded mixed bed; the height of the water outlet area is 0.8-1.0 mm
Preferably, the cross section of the cavity of the upflow filter tank body is circular or rectangular, when the upflow filter tank body is of a reinforced concrete structure, the cross section of the cavity of the upflow filter tank body is preferably rectangular, and when the upflow filter tank body is welded by steel plates, the cross section of the cavity of the upflow filter tank body is preferably circular or rectangular.
The method for purifying water by applying the light ceramsite expansion bed with the built-in activated carbon filter comprises the following steps: during upflow filtration, water to be filtered enters a water distribution channel box of the filter tank from a water inlet pipe, flows into a water distribution area from a plurality of water distribution short pipes, flows upwards to pass through a filter head and a supporting layer, is in contact with an empty bed of activated carbon and biological filter materials in an expanded mixed bed for about 10-15 min, adsorbs and biochemically removes partial micro pollutants in water, then flows upwards to pass through a filter screen plate to enter a water outlet area, collects water through a water collection tank and then flows out;
micro-aeration upflow filtration: starting an aeration blower, and adjusting the aeration rate to 0.5-1.0L/(m) 2 S) micro-aeration intensity, uniformly distributing compressed air to a filtering surface by a bottom aeration device; opening a water inlet valve, enabling water to be filtered to enter a filter tank water distribution channel box from a water inlet pipe, enabling the water to flow into a water distribution area from a plurality of water distribution short pipes, enabling the water to flow upwards to pass through a filter head filter plate, enabling the water to flow upwards to pass through a supporting layer along with micro aeration, enabling the water to be in contact with an empty bed of activated carbon and biological filter materials in an expansion mixed bed for 10-15 min, adsorbing and biochemically removing partial micro pollutants in water, enabling the water to flow upwards to pass through a filter screen plate to enter a water outlet area, collecting water through a water collection tank, and enabling the water to flow out of a water outlet pipe;
washing the filter tank: closing the water inletStopping water inflow by a valve, opening an emptying valve to lower the liquid level of the filter tank to the position below a filter screen plate, then opening an aeration valve and an aeration blower, uniformly distributing compressed air to a filter surface by a bottom aeration device, and controlling the air impact strength to be 8-15L/(m) 2 S), expanding and fluidizing the expanded mixed bed for several minutes, and then reducing the aeration rate to 0.5-1.0L/(m) 2 S) micro-aeration intensity, opening a water inlet valve to recover water inlet, and enabling the fallen turbidity substances to ascend with water flow and flow out of the pool;
replacement of built-in activated carbon: closing the water inlet valve to stop water inflow, opening the emptying valve to lower the liquid level of the filter tank to be below the filter screen plate, opening the aeration valve and the aeration blower, uniformly distributing compressed air to the filter surface by the bottom aeration device, expanding and fluidizing the expanded mixed bed for several minutes, then opening the water inlet valve to allow water inflow, and enabling the crushed carbon to flow out of the filter screen plate along with the ascending airflow; the new active carbon is supplemented by controlling the liquid level of the filter tank below the filter screen plate, uniformly laying broken carbon along the filter surface, and placing the broken carbon in a light ceramsite expansion bed through the combination of aeration fluidization and surface leaching and gravity settling to form an expansion mixed bed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1) The light ceramsite expansion bed is internally provided with the activated carbon filter, is suitable for being arranged between a sedimentation tank and a sand filter of a tap water plant, and can prevent micro organisms from leaking by virtue of the clearance filtration of the sand filter on the water outlet of the biological filter. Compared with the process of arranging the activated carbon filter behind the sand filter, the biological safety of water supply is greatly improved, and the operation energy consumption is also reduced. Compared with other existing activated carbon filters arranged between the sedimentation tank and the sand filter, the operation stability is improved, and the requirement on water to be filtered is reduced. The density of the whole water-wet particles of the expanded mixed bed is 1.05-1.15 g/cm 3 The porosity is 25-30%, and is greatly reduced compared with the specific gravity of a single active carbon bed, and the porosity is obviously increased. The filtration capability of the built-in activated carbon filter on turbidity is greatly reduced, the filtration water resistance is 0.4-0.5 m, and the washing cycle is more than 2 weeks by only simple air washing. Although the filtering water resistance of the activated carbon filter arranged behind the sand filter increases slowly, the washing frequency of the activated carbon filter is more than 4 times that of the built-in activated carbon filter in order to control the breeding of microorganisms. The invention of ChinaCompared with the upflow activated carbon filter disclosed by CN103508510B, the built-in activated carbon is supported by a light ceramsite expansion bed, and larger granularity is selected under certain conditions, so that the loss of the activated carbon is reduced, and the stability of upflow operation is improved.
2) The light ceramsite expansion bed is internally provided with the activated carbon filter, so that carbon can be changed periodically according to requirements, and the light ceramsite expansion bed has the advantage of maintaining the adsorption effect of the activated carbon filter for a long time. The adsorption capacity of the activated carbon filter tank of a water works is close to saturation after the activated carbon filter tank operates for one year, and the common activated carbon filter tank is usually used for once carbon change for about 10 years. The built-in activated carbon filter tank is easy to replace activated carbon by means of aeration and fluidization of an expanded mixed bed, if new carbon accounts for 10% of the total carbon consumption of the built-in activated carbon filter tank per year, the total carbon consumption of the built-in activated carbon filter tank is equivalent to that of a common activated carbon filter tank in the prior art, but the adsorption effect of the activated carbon filter tank can be maintained for a long time. Compared with the annual carbon consumption of adding 15mg/L powdered carbon in a water plant, the built-in activated carbon only accounts for about 1/8 of the annual carbon consumption, the water purification effect is better, and the sudden pollution coping capability is stronger.
3) The micro-aeration built-in activated carbon filter has basically equivalent advanced treatment effect with the ozone activated carbon filter, the filling amount of activated carbon is reduced by 75-80%, the micro-aeration is used for replacing the ozone addition, and the engineering investment and the operating cost are obviously reduced. The filling carbon amount of the built-in activated carbon accounts for 20-25%, the new carbon amount accounts for about 10% every year, and the adsorption capacity is not inferior to that of a common activated carbon filter used for one year; although the loading of the light ceramsite accounts for 75-80%, the surface of the ceramsite is rough, hydrophilic and easy to form a biological film, and the biochemical capacity of the ceramsite is not inferior to that of activated carbon. Therefore, the effect of the built-in activated carbon filter for adsorbing and biochemically removing the micropollutants is not inferior to that of the common activated carbon filter. In addition, the built-in activated carbon filter is arranged between the sedimentation tank and the sand filter, the turbidity of the effluent is not limited, micro aeration oxygen supply is suitable, and the deep purification effect is equivalent to that of an ozone activated carbon process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the filter chamber with activated carbon in the expanded bed of light ceramsite in the width direction.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the cross section structure of the filter chamber with activated carbon arranged in the light ceramsite expansion bed.
The figures show that: the device comprises an up-flow type filter tank body 1, an expansion mixing bed 2, a water distribution channel box 3, a bottom aeration device 4, a water distribution area 5, a filter plate and filter head 6, a support layer 7, a filter screen plate 8, a water outlet area 9, a water collecting tank 10, a water inlet pipe 11, a water outlet pipe 12, a vent pipe 13 and an aeration pipe 14.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following drawings and examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a light ceramsite expansion bed built-in activated carbon filter comprises an up-flow filter body 1, a water inlet pipe 11, a water outlet pipe 12, an emptying pipe 13 and an aeration pipe 14; a water distribution channel box 3, a bottom aeration device 4, a water distribution area 5, a filter plate and filter head 6, a support layer 7, an expansion mixed bed 2, a filter screen plate 8, a water outlet area 9 and a water collection tank 10 are sequentially arranged in the upflow type filter tank body from bottom to top; the water distribution channel box 3 is communicated with the water inlet pipe 11 and the emptying pipe 13 and is communicated with the water distribution area 5 through a plurality of water distribution short pipes; the bottom aeration device 4 is connected with an aeration blower through an aeration pipe 14; the water collection tank 10 is communicated with a water outlet pipe 12.
The expanded mixed bed 2 is formed by mixing activated carbon and light ceramsite, and the volume ratio of the activated carbon to the ceramsite is 20-25: 100. the activated carbon is preferably coal-based water purification crushed carbon, or columnar carbon with granularity of 8-30 meshes and water-wetted particle density of 1.3-1.5 g/cm 3 The filtration rate of the empty bed is designed to be 0.5-1.0L/(m) 2 S) does not flow out of the water outlet area under the micro-aeration intensity, and the air impact intensity is 8-15L/(m) 2 S) can be expanded and fluidized with the light ceramsite; the density of the water-wetted particles of the light ceramsite is 0.9-1.1 g/cm 3 The grain diameter is 6-15 mm. The specific method for forming the expanded mixed bed 2 by placing the activated carbon in the expanded bed of the light ceramsite is as follows: the liquid level of the filter is controlled below the filter screen plate 8, broken carbon is uniformly laid along the filter surface, and the broken carbon is arranged in the light ceramsite expansion bed through the combination of intermittent aeration fluidization, surface leaching and gravity settling to form an expansion mixed bed 2. The height of the expanded mixed bed 2 is 2-2.5m, and the density of the whole water-wet particles is 1.05-1.15 g/cm 3 The porosity is 25-30%.
The water distribution channel box 3 is preferably a rectangular sealed channel box, the length of the channel box is consistent with the planar length of the filter tank body, and a plurality of water distribution short pipes are uniformly distributed on the top plate of the channel box along the length of the filter tank body. The water distribution channel box 3 is communicated with the water distribution area 6 through a plurality of water distribution short pipes on the top plate. The distribution box 3 is preferably centrally located below the floor of the filter.
The bottom aeration device 4 consists of a plurality of membrane hole aeration pipes which are uniformly arranged on a bottom plate of the cavity of the upflow filter body, the plurality of membrane hole aeration pipes are connected with an aeration pipe 14 after being gathered, and the aeration pipe 14 is connected with a blower. The bottom aeration device 4 can realize uniform micro-aeration and perform air flushing, and the material of the bottom aeration device 4 is preferably one or a combination of stainless steel, plastic and rubber.
The water distribution area 5 uniformly enables the water outlet of the water distribution short pipes of the water distribution channel box 3 to flow upwards to the whole filtering surface; the height of the water distribution region 5 is preferably 0.6 to 0.8m.
The filter plates and the filter heads 6 are arranged at the upper end of the water distribution area 5, the filter heads are multiple and are uniformly arranged on the filter plates, and the filter plates and the filter heads 6 support filter materials and distribute water with small resistance.
The supporting layer 7 is preferably composed of heavy ceramsite or gravel with the diameter of 6-10 mm, the thickness is 0.3-0.5 m, the supporting layer 7 is used for supporting the expanded mixed bed 2, and when water is drained without aeration, a part of the expanded mixed bed 2 is deposited on the supporting layer to form a filter layer to prevent the crushed carbon from passing through the supporting layer along with the drained water. The density of the water-wetted particles of the heavy ceramsite is 1.7-1.9 g/cm 3 。
The mesh diameter of the filter screen plate 8 is preferably 3-5 mm, the filter screen plate has the function of intercepting floating ceramsite, when the upflow micro-aeration operation is carried out, one part of the expanded mixed bed 2 floats at the bottom of the filter screen plate to form a filter layer, and the crushed carbon is prevented from passing through the filter screen plate along with water flow; the height of the filter screen plate 8 from the top surface of the supporting layer 7 is preferably more than 25% of the height of the expanded mixed bed 2, so that a fluidization space is provided for the expanded mixed bed 2.
The function of the water outlet zone 9 is to make the purified water flow horizontally from the ascending flow to the water collecting grooves 10 on both sides. Since the upflow velocity of the water flow through the expanded mixed bed 2 is greatly reduced, a small amount of crushed carbon lost from the screen plate 8 is precipitated and retained in the effluent zone 9 to continue to exert the adsorption effect. When the filter chamber is washed by the next precipitation, the filter chamber can enter the expansion mixed bed 2 again. The height of the water outlet zone 9 is preferably 0.8-1.0 mm, when the height is too large, more water is discharged in each time of water level reduction washing, and when the height is too small, the buffering capacity is insufficient.
The bottom of the water collecting tank 10 is connected with a water inlet pipe 11; the water collection troughs 10 collect water evenly along both sides of the length direction of the tank. The water collecting tank 10 is matched with the water distribution channel box 3, the water distribution area 5, the filter head filter plate 6 and the water outlet area 9, water to be filtered from the water inlet pipe 11 is uniformly distributed to the whole filter surface, the water uniformly flows upwards to pass through the expansion mixed bed 2, the water quality purification capacity of the water mixing tank is fully exerted, and then purified water is collected and flows out from the water outlet pipe 12.
The cross section of the cavity plane of the upflow type filter tank body 1 is circular or rectangular, when the upflow type filter tank body 1 is of a reinforced concrete structure, the cross section of the cavity plane of the upflow type filter tank body 1 is preferably rectangular, and when the upflow type filter tank body 1 is welded by steel plates, the cross section of the cavity plane of the upflow type filter tank body 1 is preferably circular or rectangular.
The light ceramsite expansion bed built-in activated carbon filter can realize the following functions:
upward flow filtration: the water inlet valve is opened, the water to be filtered enters the filter tank water distribution channel box 3 from the water inlet pipe 11, flows into the water distribution area 5 from a plurality of water distribution short pipes, then flows upwards to pass through the filter head filter plate 6 and the supporting layer 7, contacts with the empty bed of the active carbon and the biological filter material in the expanded mixed bed 2 for about 10-15 min, adsorbs and biochemically removes partial micro pollutants in the water, then flows upwards to pass through the filter screen plate 8 to enter the water outlet area 9, and collects water through the water collecting tank 10 and flows out from the water outlet pipe 12.
Micro-aeration upflow filtration: opening an aeration valve and an aeration blower, and adjusting the aeration quantity to 0.5-1.0L/(m) 2 S) micro-aeration intensity, the bottom aeration device 4 evenly distributes compressed air to the filtering surface. The water inlet valve is opened, the water to be filtered enters the filter tank water distribution channel box 3 from the water inlet pipe 11, flows into the water distribution area 5 from a plurality of water distribution short pipes, then flows upwards through the filter head filter plate 6, flows upwards through the supporting layer 7 along with micro aeration, contacts with the empty bed of the activated carbon and biological filter material in the expanded mixed bed 2 for about 10-15 min, adsorbs and biochemically removes partial micro pollutants in the water, then flows upwards through the filter screen plate 8 to enter the water outlet area 9, collects the water through the water collecting tank 10 and flows out from the water outlet pipe 12.
Washing the filter tank: as the turbidity material filtered in the expanded mixed bed 2 is accumulated, the adverse effect on the adsorption and biodegradation of the filter bed is increased gradually, and the loss of the filter head is increased correspondingly, and the filter head needs to be flushed periodically for recovery. The specific method for flushing the filter tank comprises the following steps: closing the water inlet valve to stop water inlet, opening the emptying valve to lower the liquid level of the filter tank to the position below the filter screen plate 8, then opening the aeration valve and the aeration blower, uniformly distributing compressed air to the filter surface by the bottom aeration device 4, wherein the air impact strength is 8-15L/(m/(m) 2 S), expanding and fluidizing the expanded mixed bed 2 for several minutes, and then reducing the aeration rate to 0.5-1.0L/(m) 2 S) micro-aeration intensity, opening the water inlet valve to recover water inlet, enabling the fallen turbidity substances to rise along with water flow and flow out of the pool, and intercepting and filtering the built-in activated carbon in the expansion mixed bed 2 without loss.
Replacement of built-in activated carbon: the method for replacing the built-in active carbon by aeration flushing comprises the following steps: closing the water inlet valve to stop water inflow, opening the emptying valve to lower the liquid level of the filter tank to the position below the filter screen plate 8, opening the aeration valve and the aeration blower, uniformly distributing compressed air to the filter surface by the bottom aeration device 4, enabling the expanded mixed bed 2 to expand and fluidize for several minutes, then opening the water inlet valve to feed water, enabling the crushed carbon to flow out of the filter screen plate 8 along with the ascending airflow, and taking waste carbon recovery measures at the water outlet area 9 or the water collecting tank 10 according to engineering conditions. The mode of supplementing new active carbon: the liquid level of the filter is controlled below the filter screen plate 8, broken carbon is uniformly laid along the filter surface, and the broken carbon is placed in the light ceramsite expansion bed through the combination of aeration fluidization, surface leaching and gravity settling to form an expansion mixed bed 2.
The invention relates to an expansion mixed bed with an internal activated carbon filter, which is formed by light ceramic particles and activated carbon through aeration fluidization. The light ceramsite is a crushed ceramsite, the surface of the light ceramsite is rough and hydrophilic, and the performance of the biological biofilm is not inferior to that of activated carbon; the volume ratio of the 8-30 mesh active carbon to the light ceramsite is 20-25%. The height of the expanded mixed bed is 2 to 2.5m, and the integral water-wet particle density is 1.05 to 1.15g/cm 3 The porosity is 25-30%, and is greatly reduced compared with the specific gravity of a single activated carbon bed, and the porosity is obviously increased. The built-in activated carbon filter greatly reduces the filtration capacity of turbidity, has small filtration water resistance and slow increase, and has little filtration turbidityThe activated carbon filter tank is easy to aerate and remove turbidity, is suitable for being arranged between a sedimentation tank and a sand filter tank of a water works, the turbidity of water to be filtered is not limited by 1 to 3NTU (nitrogen to sulfur) and the water resistance of the filter is 0.4 to 0.5m, the operation energy consumption is low, the biological safety of water supply is greatly improved, the adsorption and degradation effects on micro pollutants are not inferior to those of a common activated carbon filter tank, the deep water purification effect of the micro-aeration built-in activated carbon filter tank is basically equivalent to that of an ozone activated carbon filter tank, and the activated carbon filter tank can be aerated and washed regularly to replace new carbon, so that the adsorption effect is maintained for a long time.
The application example is as follows:
the water works 1 are a water works having a biological pretreatment process in Guangdong, and the water purification process flow is raw water → biological pretreatment aeration filter → reaction, sedimentation tank → sand filter → disinfection, which is hereinafter referred to as biological pretreatment-containing water purification process. The plant has 20 grids of biological pretreatment aeration filter tanks, 20 groups of reaction sedimentation tanks and 40 grids of sand filter tanks.
With the remarkable effect of water pollution treatment in recent years, the ammonia nitrogen index of a water source is stably reduced to be lower than 0.5mg/L all the year around from the original 2-3 mg/L, the water is in the II class of surface water for most of time, the quality of the III class water can be ensured, and the advantage of reducing ammonia nitrogen by a biological pretreatment process is difficult to embody. The water supply planning requires an advanced treatment process to improve the water quality safety and health index, improve the drinking taste and meet the increasing user requirements. Therefore, the waterworks 1 is intended to carry out process upgrading on the biological pretreatment aeration filter, and based on the commonality between the biological pretreatment aeration filter and the activated carbon filter, the biological pretreatment aeration filter is transformed into a built-in activated carbon filter. Through pipeline transformation to 1 elevator pump is added, and 1 group's reaction sedimentation tank and 2 check sand filtering ponds of this factory form an independent feedwater advanced treatment system: raw water → 1 lattice reaction, sedimentation tank → lift pump → 1 lattice micro-aeration built-in activated carbon filter → 2 lattice sand filter → disinfection, and the demonstration of the deep treatment engineering of the micro-aeration built-in activated carbon filter, which is hereinafter referred to as a built-in activated carbon water purification process.
The water works 2 are some water works with ozone activated carbon deep treatment in Guangdong, and have the same water source and the same distance with the water works 1. The process flow of the water works 2 is raw water → reaction, sedimentation tank → sand filter tank → lift pump → ozone contact tank → downflow type activated carbon filter tank → disinfection, and is hereinafter referred to as ozone-containing activated carbon water purification process.
The "raw water → reaction, sedimentation → sand filter →" → "process of the waterworks 2 is the same as the water purification process of the common waterworks, and is simply referred to as a conventional treatment water purification process. The conventional process units such as reaction, precipitation, sand filtration and the like are designed according to the design specification of outdoor water supply, and the process parameters are basically the same.
Now, water quality comparison is carried out by a water purification process containing biological pretreatment of a water works 1, a water purification process containing built-in activated carbon of the water works 1, a conventional water purification process of the water works 2 and a water purification process containing ozone activated carbon of the water works 2. The quality of the raw water of the two water plants is basically the same, and the quality of the raw water taken from the water plant 1 is taken as the analysis basis.
The biological filter unit is added on the basis of a conventional water treatment and purification process of → reaction, a sedimentation tank → a sand filter → conventional water treatment and purification process, and only the form of the biological filter is different from the position, and the specific process is as follows:
1) The biological pretreatment aeration filter tank of the water works 1 is positioned in front of the reaction and sedimentation tank and adopts an up-flow type, and the area of the filter surface of a single tank is 100m 2 The filtration rate is about 12m/h, and the processing capacity is 2.88 ten thousand m 3 D is calculated as the ratio of the total weight of the composition. Adopts a common ceramsite filter material with the granularity of 6-10 mm and the water-wetted particle density of 1.7-1.9 g/cm 3 The thickness of the filter bed is 2.7m; the supporting layer adopts
Gravel with the thickness of 0.3m; the aeration intensity is about 0.8-2.2L/(m) 2 S), air flushing intensity of 12-20L/(m) 2 S) water washing strength of 8-12L/(m) 2 .s)。
2) The ozone activated carbon filter of the water works 2 is positioned behind the sand filter and adopts a down-flow type, and the area of the filter surface of a single filter is 80m 2 The filtration rate is about 12m/h, and the processing capacity is 2.3 ten thousand m 3 And d. Selecting 1.5mm columnar carbon filter material, and soaking the columnar carbon filter material in water to obtain the granular material with the density of 1.4-1.5 g/cm 3 Iodine adsorption value is more than or equal to 950mg/g, methylene blue adsorption valueMore than or equal to 180mg/g, the strength is 90-93%, and the ash content is 10-12%; the height of the carbon bed is 2m, and the supporting layer adopts
The quartz sand has the thickness of 0.5m and plays a role in end filtration. The air washing intensity is about 12L/(m) 2 S) and the washing strength is 10-15L/(m) 2 S); the dosage of ozone in the ozone contact tank in front of the activated carbon filter tank is (0.5-1.5) mg/L, and the residual ozone concentration is maintained (0.10-0.20) mg/L.
3) As shown in figure 1, the built-in activated carbon filter of the water works 1 is positioned between the sedimentation tank and the sand filter and does not control the turbidity of the outlet water, so that the up-flow type sand filter is adopted, not only can reduce the effect of filtering and removing the turbidity, but also is beneficial to the hydraulic connection with the subsequent down-flow type sand filter. Single-tank filtering surface area of built-in activated carbon filtering tank is 100m 2 The filtration rate is about 12m/h, and the processing capacity is 2.88 ten thousand m 3 D is calculated as the ratio of the total weight of the composition. Light broken ceramsite filter material 200m 3 The granularity is 8-12 mm, and the density of the water-wetted particles is 0.9-1.1 g/cm 3 (ii) a Coal broken carbon 40m 3 The volume ratio of the ceramic particles to the ceramsite is 20:100, granularity of 8-16 meshes and water-wetted particle density of 1.4-1.5 g/cm 3 Iodine adsorption value is more than or equal to 950mg/g, methylene blue adsorption value is more than or equal to 180mg/g, strength is 90-93%, and ash content is 10-12%; the height of the expanded mixed bed is about 2.1m. Mesh aperture of filter screen plate
The supporting layer adopts
Heavy spherical ceramsite, the density of water-wetted particles is 1.7-1.9 g/cm 3 The thickness is 0.5m; micro aeration intensity is about 0.8L/(m) 2 S), gas washout intensity of about 12L/(m) 2 .s)。
The water quality detection data before the tail end effluent of the four processes is disinfected are analyzed and compared, the density of the effluent micro organisms is shown in a table 1, and the contrast of the effluent organic matters and ammonia nitrogen is shown in a table 2.
Table 1 effluent microbial density comparative units: one thousand tons of water
TABLE 2 effluent COD Mn And the monthly average data of ammonia nitrogen are compared with the table unit: mg/L
1) Biological safety comparisons
The micro-aeration built-in activated carbon process and the biological pretreatment process are in the same level as the micro-organisms of the conventional treatment process, and the micro-organisms of the ozone biological activated carbon process are increased by 1 order of magnitude. The internal activated carbon filter is arranged in front of the sand filter of the tap water plant, and the micro-organism leakage can be prevented by filtering the outlet water of the biological filter by the sand filter. Compared with the ozone activated carbon filter arranged behind the sand filter, the biological safety of water supply is obviously improved.
2) The removal effects of the organic matter and the ammonia nitrogen are compared
COD Mn And (3) comparing the removal rate: 76.4 percent of ozone activated carbon process and 75.7 percent of micro-aeration built-in activated carbon process, which belong to the same level, compared with the COD of the conventional process Mn The removal rate is improved by nearly 20 percent. The adsorption and biochemical effects of the micro-aeration built-in activated carbon process on organic matters are basically equivalent to those of the ozone activated carbon process. 60.7 percent of biological pretreatment process compared with COD of the conventional process Mn The removal rate is about 5 percent.
Comparison of ammonia nitrogen removal: 38.0 percent of ozone activated carbon process and 49.6 percent of micro-aeration built-in activated carbon process. The ammonia nitrogen removal rate of the micro-aeration built-in activated carbon process is improved by 11.6 percent compared with that of the ozone activated carbon process, because the amount of nitrobacteria contained in the water to be filtered is much higher than that of sand-filtered clear water, the inoculation of nitrobacteria in a built-in activated carbon filter tank is facilitated; the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen of the biological pretreatment process is the highest and exceeds 53.5 percent, and the reason is that the amount of nitrobacteria contained in raw water is much higher than that of nitrobacteria to be filtered, thereby being beneficial to nitrobacteria inoculation of the biological pretreatment aeration filter; the ammonia nitrogen removal rate of the conventional process is 27.9 percent, which is 21.7 percent lower than that of the process with the built-in carbon filter. The conventional process mainly depends on the biological action of the sand filter, the ammonia nitrogen reducing capability is insufficient, and the ammonia nitrogen removing amount is generally not more than 0.5mg/L.
3) Comparison of the running and flushing conditions of the activated carbon filter
The filter head loss and the washing period of the micro-aeration built-in activated carbon filter operating for one hydrological year are maintained stably, the filter head loss fluctuates within the range of 0.4-0.5 m, and the washing period is 2 weeks and 1 time. The washing mode is as follows: closing the water inlet valve and the aeration valve, stopping water inlet and aeration, opening the emptying valve to lower the liquid level of the filter tank to the position below the filter screen plate 8, then opening the aeration valve, and adjusting the air impact strength to 12L/(m) 2 S), expanding and fluidizing the expanded mixed bed 2 for 8min, and then reducing the aeration rate to 0.5-1.0L/(m) 2 S) micro-aeration intensity, opening a water inlet valve to recover water inflow, and allowing the falling turbidity substances to flow out along with ascending water flow.
The filter head loss of the ozone activated carbon filter is 1.0-1.2 m, and the washing period is 3d. The back washing adopts air washing and water washing, and the strength of the air washing is about 12L/(m) 2 S) for 8min, and the washing intensity is 10L/(m) 2 S), swelling rate of about 20% over 10 min; and the washing strength can be increased to 15L/(m) periodically according to the requirement 2 S) rinsing for 10min with a swelling rate of about 25%.
The filter head loss of the micro-aeration built-in activated carbon filter is only 40 percent of that of the ozone activated carbon filter, the washing method is simple, the energy consumption is low, and the washing period is more than 4 times that of the ozone activated carbon filter.
4) Carbon change condition comparison of activated carbon filter
The adsorption capacity of the activated carbon filter of the waterworks is close to saturation after the activated carbon filter is used for one year. The ozone activated carbon filter tank of the water works 2 is filled with 2m thick activated carbon filter materials at one time, the activated carbon begins to have disintegration symptoms after 10 years of use, and the whole tank needs to be changed in one time; the built-in activated carbon filter of the water works 1 is replaced by a carbon bed with the thickness of 0.2m every year, the total thickness of the carbon bed replaced in 10 years is 2m, and the whole pool is used 10 years later after the water works 2 are usedCompared with the method of replacing the carbon bed with the thickness of 2m at one time, the method has the advantages of maintaining the adsorption effect of the activated carbon filter for a long time, along with the same total carbon consumption. The specific method of the test for replacing the built-in activated carbon in the waterworks 1 is that the aeration is stopped, the air valve is opened to drain water, the water level is reduced to about 0.3m below the filter screen plate, the air valve is closed, the aeration valve is opened, and the aeration intensity is about 10L/(m) 2 S), opening a water inlet valve after 3min, enabling a part of crushed carbon to penetrate through the filter screen plate along with water flow to enter a water outlet zone, closing the water inlet valve and the aeration valve when the water level rises to be close to an overflow weir of the water outlet tank, depositing the crushed carbon on the filter screen plate basically due to the support of the ceramsite floating below the filter screen plate after the crushed carbon is deposited for more than ten minutes, sucking by a water pump and filtering by a 30-mesh filter screen, and taking out the activated carbon on the filter screen plate. The operation may be repeated as necessary. In the engineering, a carbon exchange drain pipe can be arranged above the filter screen plate, the aerated fluidized carbon-containing water is directly discharged, and the operation is simpler and more convenient.
The comparison of the above embodiments shows that the micro-aeration built-in activated carbon filter tank has the effects of adsorbing and degrading micro pollutants basically equivalent to those of an ozone activated carbon filter tank, greatly improves the biological safety of water supply, obviously reduces the engineering investment and the operation cost, can be regularly aerated, washed and replaced by new carbon, and has the advantage of maintaining the adsorption effect of the activated carbon filter tank for a long time.
At present, a tap water plant 1 carries out whole plant process upgrading and transformation according to the demonstration result of the micro-aeration built-in activated carbon filter engineering, under the condition that water is not stopped in the construction period, a biological pretreatment overrun pipe is built firstly, the plant area pipeline transformation engineering is promoted while production is carried out, a water-to-be-filtered lifting pump station is built newly, under the condition that water supply is guaranteed, the process of 'raw water → raw water pump → reaction sedimentation tank → lifting pump → aeration filter → sand filter → disinfection' is formed in a slicing mode, and then the aeration filter is transformed into the micro-aeration built-in activated carbon filter by the water tank, so that the deep treatment process of 'coagulation → sedimentation → lifting pump → micro-aeration built-in activated carbon filter → sand filter → disinfection' is formed.
The adsorption capacity of the activated carbon filter tank of the water works is close to saturation after the activated carbon filter tank is used for one year, and the built-in activated carbon can be replaced periodically as required. The method for replacing the active carbon in the built-in active carbon filter comprises the following steps: the expanded mixed bed is expanded and fluidized by aeration flushing, the waste activated carbon flows out of the filter screen plate along with ascending water flow and is recovered, and new carbon is supplemented. The filling amount of the built-in activated carbon is equal to 20-25% of that of a common activated carbon filter, the contact adsorption time of the filter is ensured by means of built-in dispersion of an expansion mixed bed, the adsorption capacity of the filter is maintained by biological regeneration, the surface of the ceramsite is rough, hydrophilic and easy to form a biological film, micro pollutants are removed by the filter through adsorption and biochemistry, and the deep purification effect of the filter is not inferior to that of the common activated carbon filter. The turbidity material intercepted in the expanded mixed bed is recovered by regular flushing to recover the filtering head and the biochemical adsorption efficiency. Static air flushing is combined with dynamic micro-aeration to clean turbidity substances and flow out of the water collecting tank along with water, and the built-in active carbon is filtered in the expansion mixed bed and cannot be lost.
The activated carbon filter is arranged between the sedimentation tank and the sand filter of the water works, does not control the turbidity of the outlet water, adopts an up-flow type, can reduce the effect of filtering and removing the turbidity, and is favorable for hydraulic connection with the subsequent down-flow type sand filter. Because of the characteristic that the surface of the ceramsite is rough, hydrophilic and easy to form a biofilm, the aeration biological activated carbon process is preferably selected in subtropical regions, the built-in activated carbon filter is arranged between the sedimentation tank and the sand filter, and micro-aeration is adopted for supplying oxygen or dissolved oxygen in water is utilized. Micro-aeration can also reduce the filtration of the built-in activated carbon filter to turbidity, is favorable for the adsorption and biochemistry of the built-in activated carbon filter, and further reduces the washing requirement. The water purification effect of the micro-aeration built-in activated carbon filter tank is basically equivalent to that of an ozone activated carbon process, and the engineering investment and the operating cost are obviously reduced.
The invention can change the built-in active carbon according to the need, the expanded filter bed is expanded and fluidized by aeration flushing, the waste carbon flows out of the filter screen plate along with the ascending water flow and is recycled, and then new carbon is supplemented. The common activated carbon filter tank is usually used for one-time carbon change after 10 years, new carbon accounting for 10% of the volume of the built-in activated carbon filter tank is changed every year, and the total carbon consumption of the built-in activated carbon filter tank after 10 years of use is equivalent to that of the common activated carbon filter tank, but the carbon consumption has the advantage of maintaining the adsorption effect of the activated carbon filter tank for a long time.
Claims (10)
1. A filter with light haydite expanded bed and built-in activated carbon is composed of an up-flow filter pool, a water inlet tube and a water outlet tubeA pipe, an aeration pipe and an emptying pipe; the filter body sequentially comprises a water distribution channel box, a water distribution short pipe, a bottom aeration device, a water distribution area, a filter plate, a filter head, an expansion mixed bed, a filter screen plate, a water outlet area and a water collection tank from bottom to top, wherein the bottom aeration device is connected with an aeration blower through an aeration pipe; the water collecting tank is communicated with the water outlet pipe, and is characterized in that the water distribution channel box is communicated with the water inlet pipe and the emptying pipe and is communicated with the water distribution area through a plurality of water distribution short pipes; the expanded mixed bed is formed by mixing activated carbon and light ceramsite, and the volume ratio of the activated carbon to the light ceramsite is 20-25: 100; the density of the water-wetted particles of the activated carbon is 1.3 to 1.5g/cm 3 The density of the water-wetted particles of the light ceramsite is 0.9-1.1 g/cm 3 。
2. The filter tank with the built-in activated carbon in the light ceramsite expansion bed according to claim 1, wherein the activated carbon is coal-based water purification crushed carbon or columnar carbon, and the granularity is 8-30 meshes.
3. The filter tank with the built-in activated carbon of the light ceramsite expansion bed according to claim 1, wherein the height of the expanded mixed bed is 2-2.5m, and the density of the whole water-wetted particles is 1.05-1.15 g/cm 3 The porosity is 25-30%.
4. The filter tank with the built-in activated carbon and light ceramsite expansion bed as recited in claim 1, wherein the water distribution channel box is a rectangular sealing channel box, the length of the channel box is consistent with the length of the plane of the filter tank body, and a plurality of water distribution short pipes are uniformly distributed on the top plate of the channel box along the length of the filter tank.
5. The filter tank with the built-in activated carbon and the light-weight ceramsite expansion bed as recited in claim 1, wherein the bottom aeration device comprises a plurality of membrane hole aeration pipes which are uniformly arranged on a bottom plate of the cavity of the upflow filter body, the plurality of membrane hole aeration pipes are connected with the aeration pipes after being gathered, and the aeration pipes are connected with an air blower.
6. The filter tank with the built-in activated carbon of the light-weight ceramsite expansion bed according to claim 5, wherein the bottom aeration device is made of one or a combination of stainless steel, plastic and rubber.
7. The filter with the built-in activated carbon of the light ceramsite expansion bed according to claim 1, wherein the height of the water distribution area is 0.6-0.8 m; the filter plates and the filter heads are arranged at the upper end of the water distribution area, and the filter heads are uniformly arranged on the filter plates.
8. The filter with the built-in activated carbon of the light ceramsite expansion bed according to claim 1, wherein the supporting layer is composed of heavy ceramsite or gravel with the diameter of 6-10 mm, and the thickness of the supporting layer is 0.3-0.5 m; the density of the water-wetted particles of the heavy ceramsite is 1.7-1.9 g/cm 3 (ii) a The mesh diameter of the filter screen plate is 3-5 mm; the height of the filter screen plate from the top surface of the supporting layer is more than 25% of the height of the expanded mixed bed; the height of the water outlet zone is 0.8-1.0 mm.
9. The filter tank with the built-in activated carbon and light ceramsite as defined in claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the hollow cavity of the upflow type filter tank body is circular or rectangular, the cross-sectional shape of the hollow cavity of the upflow type filter tank body is preferably rectangular when the upflow type filter tank body is made of reinforced concrete, and the cross-sectional shape of the hollow cavity of the upflow type filter tank body is preferably circular or rectangular when the upflow type filter tank body is welded with steel plates.
10. The method for purifying water quality by using the activated carbon filter tank with the light-weight ceramsite expansion bed as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, is characterized in that during upflow filtration, the water to be filtered enters the filter tank water distribution channel box from the water inlet pipe, flows into the water distribution zone from a plurality of water distribution short pipes, flows upwards through the filter head and the supporting layer, is in contact with the empty bed of activated carbon and biological filter materials in the expanded mixed bed for about 10-15 min, adsorbs and biochemically removes partial micropollutants in water, then upflow passes through the filter screen plate, enters the water outlet zone, collects the water through the water collection tank and then flows out;
micro-aeration upflow filtration: start aeration blastThe aeration quantity is adjusted to be 0.5-1.0L/(m) 2 S) micro-aeration intensity, uniformly distributing compressed air to the filtering surface by a bottom aeration device; opening a water inlet valve, allowing water to be filtered to enter a water distribution channel box of the filter tank from the water inlet pipe, allowing the water to flow into a water distribution area from a plurality of water distribution short pipes, allowing the water to flow upwards to pass through a filter head filter plate, allowing the water to flow upwards to pass through a supporting layer along with micro aeration, allowing the water to contact with an empty bed of activated carbon and biological filter materials in an expanded mixed bed for 10-15 min, adsorbing and biochemically removing partial micro pollutants in the water, allowing the water to flow upwards to pass through a filter screen plate to enter a water outlet area, collecting water through a water collection tank, and allowing the water to flow out of a water outlet pipe;
washing the filter tank: closing the water inlet valve to stop water inlet, opening the emptying valve to lower the liquid level of the filter tank to below the filter screen plate, opening the aeration valve and the aeration blower, uniformly distributing compressed air to the filter surface by the bottom aeration device, and controlling the air impact strength to be 8-15L/(m) 2 S), expanding and fluidizing the expanded mixed bed for several minutes, and then reducing the aeration rate to 0.5-1.0L/(m) 2 S) micro-aeration intensity, opening a water inlet valve to recover water inlet, and enabling the fallen turbidity substances to ascend along with water flow and flow out of the pool;
replacement of built-in activated carbon: closing the water inlet valve to stop water inflow, opening the emptying valve to lower the liquid level of the filter tank to be below the filter screen plate, opening the aeration valve and the aeration blower, uniformly distributing compressed air to the filter surface by the bottom aeration device, expanding and fluidizing the expanded mixed bed for several minutes, then opening the water inlet valve to allow water inflow, and enabling the crushed carbon to flow out of the filter screen plate along with the ascending airflow; the new active carbon is supplemented by controlling the liquid level of the filter tank below the filter screen plate, uniformly laying broken carbon along the filter surface, and placing the broken carbon in a light ceramsite expansion bed through the combination of aeration fluidization and surface leaching and gravity settling to form an expansion mixed bed.
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| CN202210713504.2A CN115231768A (en) | 2022-06-22 | 2022-06-22 | Light ceramsite expansion bed built-in activated carbon filter and method for purifying water by applying same |
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| CN202516410U (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2012-11-07 | 江苏仙融环境技术有限公司 | Precipitation and filtering compounding tank |
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| CN103539255A (en) * | 2013-10-12 | 2014-01-29 | 华南理工大学 | Suspended ceramsite-active carbon double-layer filtering tank and method for applying filtering tank in treating raw water |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201801397U (en) * | 2010-02-09 | 2011-04-20 | 徐一凡 | Trickling filter reactor for removing contaminants in drinking water |
| CN202516410U (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2012-11-07 | 江苏仙融环境技术有限公司 | Precipitation and filtering compounding tank |
| CN103172165A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2013-06-26 | 华南理工大学 | Suspended ceramic biological aerated pool and method for treating raw water by applying suspended ceramsite biological aerated pool |
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