CN211999029U - Upward-flow light-weight filter material biological filter - Google Patents
Upward-flow light-weight filter material biological filter Download PDFInfo
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- CN211999029U CN211999029U CN202020468397.8U CN202020468397U CN211999029U CN 211999029 U CN211999029 U CN 211999029U CN 202020468397 U CN202020468397 U CN 202020468397U CN 211999029 U CN211999029 U CN 211999029U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an upward flow biological filter with light filter material, which comprises a water distribution channel arranged at the bottom of the filter, a filter material layer is arranged above the water distribution channel, and water distribution holes are arranged between the water distribution channel and the filter material layer; the upper part of the filter tank is communicated with a water outlet channel through a water outlet; the water outlet channel is also connected with a backwashing water pipe. The biological filter of the utility model is an upward flow filter, which is filled with water from the bottom of the filter and flows out upward after being filtered; gravity backwashing is carried out, a water pump and a fan do not need to be backwashed independently, and backwashing energy consumption is saved by 30%; the gravity flow backwashing improves the backwashing effect; no equipment needs to be maintained underwater in the filter, the maintenance is carried out in a pipe gallery, and the filter material does not need to be emptied; saving the operating cost and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the sewage treatment device field especially relates to an upward flowing light filter material biological filter.
Background
Along with the acceleration of urbanization and the stricter of environmental standards, the investment for sewage treatment is greatly strengthened, the effluent standard for sewage treatment in China is higher and higher in recent years, and each sewage plant is continuously improved in standard and modified and is continuously introduced with a new process system. The Jiangsu province also updated the emission limit of main water pollutants of municipal wastewater treatment plants and key industrial industries in 'B32-1072-plus 2018 Taihu lake region' in 2018, wherein NH4N emission limit of 3mg/L and TN emission limit of 10mg/L (values > 12 ℃ C.); NH in another grade A Standard4The emission limit N is 5mg/L and the emission limit TN is 15mg/L (values > 12 ℃ C.). The addition of the filter system is a treatment mode commonly used for removing N and P in various sewage plants. The biological filter system is a relatively complex process, a deep bed filter is mostly adopted in the market at present, gravel, cobblestone, quartz sand and other materials are mostly adopted as filter materials, the height of the required filter material is more than or equal to 3m, and the requirement on the pressure bearing capacity of filter bricks at the bottom of the filter is improved. The phenomena of uneven and unstable aeration and the like often occur in the operation process, the problem of hardening or blocking of the filter material is basically caused by multiple engineering researches, the problem that the filter material in the filter tank is completely dug out can be solved, and manpower and material resources are consumed. The light filter material filter tank can avoid the problems, manual maintenance work can be reduced, and the dephosphorization and denitrification effects are obvious.
Disclosure of Invention
To the technical problem, the utility model provides an upward light filter material biofilter of flowing, this is an upward light filter material biofilter of flowing, and the water after the filtration of light filter material is from the filter bed top discharge collection to with the atmosphere contact, avoid like this producing the stink phenomenon because of untreated sewage is direct and the atmosphere contact in the down-flow system, the water after the processing also is used for as backwash water (through gravity backwash) and need not the backwash pump.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: an upward flow biological filter with light filter materials comprises a water distribution channel arranged at the bottom of the filter, a filter material layer is arranged above the water distribution channel, and water distribution holes are arranged between the water distribution channel and the filter material layer; an air system is arranged between the water distribution channel and the filter material layer, and gas is conveyed into the tank through the air system, so that the sewage and the culture bacteria in the filter material fully react; the upper part of the filter tank is communicated with a water outlet channel through a water outlet.
Furthermore, the filter comprises a plurality of filter monomers, a manual gate valve or a valve is arranged between the filter monomers in the water inlet distribution channel, sewage is distributed to the biological filter monomers through the water distribution channel, and the biological filter monomers are isolated during maintenance.
Further, the filter chamber comprises a water inlet channel which is communicated with the water distribution channel; the filter tank water inlet channel is provided with a pneumatic control device and a flow measuring device, the water inlet of each filter tank monomer is balanced through the pneumatic control device and the flow measuring device, and the water inlet is closed during backwashing.
Furthermore, each water outlet is provided with a stop log slot so as to be isolated from the water outlet channel when the filter chamber is maintained.
The sewage is distributed to each water tank by the water distribution channel and passes through the filter material layer under the action of water pressure and external force. Meanwhile, the air system operates to improve the contact area rate of the filter material, so that the aim of removing nitrogen and phosphorus in water is fulfilled. The filtered water flows into the water outlet channel and enters the next treatment unit.
Furthermore, an overflow weir is arranged on the water outlet channel.
Furthermore, the water outlet channel is communicated with the filter tank through a water outlet channel, so that water in the water outlet channel at the upper part of the filter material layer can flow backwards through a water outlet hole to flush the filter tank, and is controlled to start and stop by a drain valve arranged on a backwashing water pipe on the side wall of the filter tank; and wastewater is discharged through the connection of a back flush main drain valve at the tail end of the water outlet channel and the overflow weir.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the density of the filter material is less than 1g/cm3A light filter material.
Further, the filter material is a spherical particle with a uniform small particle size. The filter material has a large specific surface area to attach the biological membrane.
Furthermore, a filter plate is arranged at the top of the filter material layer, and a plurality of filter heads are arranged on the filter plate.
The utility model discloses have: the channel at the bottom of the upward flow filter tank is provided with water in a large hole, and the water is discharged from the top and is not easy to block; secondly, the specific gravity of the spherical filter material is less than 1, and the spherical filter material has elasticity and is not easy to wear and has a service life of more than 10 years; aeration is carried out on the stainless steel perforated pipe, so that equipment investment and long-term maintenance cost are saved; the filter head is arranged at the top of the filter tank and is contacted with the treated water, so that the filter head is not easy to block and is easy to replace; gravity backwashing is carried out, a water pump and a fan do not need to be backwashed independently, and backwashing energy consumption is saved by 30%; sixthly, the process air supply blower can be used for back washing at the same time; seventhly, backwashing with reverse flow is performed to improve backwashing effect; eighthly, no equipment needs to be maintained underwater in the filter chamber, the maintenance is carried out in a pipe gallery, and the filter material does not need to be emptied; ninthly, the carbon source loss is low due to the unique water inlet design of the denitrification biological filter; high denitrification efficiency in the R and saving operation cost due to bypass.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an upward-flow light-weight filter material biofilter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an upward flow light filter material biofilter pipeline according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a distribution diagram of the upward flow aeration pipe of the light filter material biofilter according to the embodiment of the present invention.
In fig. 1: 1 is the inlet channel, 2 is the distribution channel, 3 is the precoat, 4 is the outlet channel, 5 is the backwash water pipe, 6 is the air system, 7 is the backwash wastewater disposal basin, 8 is backwash wastewater discharge house steward, 9 is backwash wastewater discharge canal, 10 is the access hole.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate understanding of those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments and accompanying drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the present filter is an upward flow biological filter. The filtered water is collected and discharged from the top of the filter bed and is contacted with the atmosphere, so that the phenomenon of odor caused by direct contact of untreated sewage and the atmosphere in a downward flow system is avoided. The treated water is also used as backwash water. Backwash by gravity without the need for a backwash pump.
The sewage enters the bottom of the filter tank from the water distribution holes on the water distribution channel 2 at the bottom of the filter tank through the water inlet channel 1, and the design is to ensure the uniform water distribution in the filter tank. The water distribution channel 2 is provided with an access hole 10 on the surface of the water distribution hole. An air system 6 is arranged between the water distribution channel 2 and the filter material layer, and air is conveyed into the tank through the air system 6, so that the sewage and the cultured bacteria in the filter material fully react. The aeration pipe distribution diagram is shown in figure 3.
The sewage passes through the filter chamber and 3 filter material layers floating in the water upwards through the difference of water levels of inlet water and outlet water in the filter chamber. The filter material floating in the water is blocked by the filter plate at the upper part of the filter tank so as to avoid loss along with the outlet water. The treated water flows out through a plurality of filter heads mounted on the filter plate. The filter material of the filter is uniform, light (the specific gravity is less than 1), spherical particles with small particle size and larger specific surface area for attaching the biological membrane.
The biological membrane of the denitrification biological filter is basically composed of heterotrophic bacteria for denitrification, and nitrate is reduced into nitrogen when sewage passes through the filter bed. Because the inlet water of the denitrification biological filter is the secondary outlet water, the residual organic matters can not meet the requirement of denitrification on a carbon source, and a small amount of sodium acetate as an external carbon source needs to be added.
In addition, suspended matters are removed simultaneously due to the physical interception function of the biological filter. Therefore, the effluent quality of the biological filter can reach a very good standard.
A set of sewage discharge system is arranged in the pipe gallery of the filter tank, and sewage generated by emptying the filter tank, clearing an air distribution system, cleaning the pipe gallery and the like is discharged into a back flush wastewater tank.
The treated water of each filter tank monomer enters the water outlet channel 4 through the water outlet. Each water outlet is provided with a stop log slot so as to be isolated from the water outlet channel when the filter chamber is maintained.
The size and water level of the water outlet channel 4 are designed in consideration of the requirements on water quantity and water head during the back flushing of the filter. The effluent is discharged through an overflow weir on the effluent channel 4, and the height of the overflow weir is always ensured to be enough to ensure that the water quantity for backwashing of 1 filter pool stays in the channel. Thus, the back washing can be carried out at any time.
And an online measuring instrument measures the nitrate concentration of the effluent to adjust the carbon source adding amount of the filter.
Under normal operating conditions, the filter chamber may become gradually clogged, as do other types of filter chambers. The blockage is caused by one reason, namely, the intercepted suspended matters are accumulated in the filter bed because the filter tank intercepts the suspended matters; secondly, the biological membrane on the filter material becomes thick due to the growth of the biological membrane, so that gaps among the filter material particles are blocked.
These plugs can be removed by backwashing. When the suspended substance and nitrate in the filter are below the normal design load, only one back flush is needed to be carried out on each filter monomer every day. In addition, when the degree of the filter chamber blockage reaches the limit, namely the pressure difference of the filter bed reaches the set value, the back flushing is also carried out.
The backwashing is performed by alternately using water and air, and lasts for about 20 minutes.
The parameters of the back washing are set in the debugging stage.
As shown in fig. 2, the steps are as follows:
and closing a water inlet valve and an air inlet pipe valve of the filter tank to isolate the filter tank from other structures.
And (3) starting backwashing:
step 1: washing with water
The filter material is washed downwards by the treated water in the filter chamber through gravity flow. After the filtered water in the backwashing filter monomer is used, the filtered water in the water outlet channel 4 flows back to the backwashing filter monomer through the water outlet channel and is controlled to start and stop by a drain valve arranged on a backwashing water pipe 5 on the side wall of the filter. Wastewater is discharged through the backwash water pipe 5, collected through the backwash wastewater discharge channel 9, and flows into the backwash wastewater tank 7 from the backwash wastewater discharge header pipe 8. The opening degree of the drain valve on the backwashing water pipe 5 is set when the water plant is debugged so as to ensure that the strength of backwashing water flow meets the requirement. After a few minutes, the backwash drain valve is closed.
Step 2: air flushing
And opening an air inlet pipe valve of the air system 6, and backwashing air into the filter tank. The flushing intensity of the air was 15Nm3/m2.h, after a few minutes the inlet valve was closed.
And step 3: water and gas alternative flushing
And (3) alternately flushing by gas and water in the same step 1 and step 2. Repeated several times if necessary.
And 4, step 4: rinsing
The last step of backwashing is rinsing with water, which is similar to water washing, but for a longer time. After the back washing is finished, the back washing drain valve is closed, the water inlet valve and the air inlet pipe valve of the filter tank are opened, and the filter tank returns to normal operation.
The above embodiment is only for explaining the utility model discloses a technical thought, can not injecing with this the utility model discloses a protection scope, all according to the utility model provides a technical thought, any change of doing on technical scheme basis all falls into the utility model discloses within the protection scope.
Claims (9)
1. The upward-flow light-weight filter material biological filter is characterized in that: the filter comprises a water distribution channel arranged at the bottom of a filter chamber, wherein a filter material layer is arranged above the water distribution channel, and water distribution holes are arranged between the water distribution channel and the filter material layer; an air system is arranged between the water distribution channel and the filter material layer, and gas is conveyed into the pool through the air system; the upper part of the filter tank is communicated with a water outlet channel through a water outlet.
2. An upflow, lightweight filter media biofilter as in claim 1, further comprising: the filter comprises a plurality of filter monomers, and a manual gate valve or a valve is arranged between the filter monomers in the water inlet distribution channel.
3. An upflow, lightweight filter media biofilter as in claim 1, further comprising: the filter chamber comprises a water inlet channel which is communicated with the water distribution channel; the filter inlet channel is provided with a pneumatic control device and a flow measuring device.
4. An upflow, lightweight filter media biofilter as in claim 1, further comprising: each water outlet is provided with a stop log slot.
5. An upflow, lightweight filter media biofilter as in claim 1, further comprising: an overflow weir is arranged on the water outlet channel.
6. An upflow, lightweight filter media biofilter as in claim 5, wherein: the water outlet channel is communicated with the filter tank through a water outlet channel; the start and stop of the device is controlled by a drain valve arranged on a backwashing water pipe on the side wall of the tank; and wastewater is discharged through the connection of a back flush main drain valve at the tail end of the water outlet channel and the overflow weir.
7. An upflow, lightweight filter media biofilter as in claim 1, further comprising: the density of the filter material is less than 1g/cm3A light filter material.
8. An upflow, lightweight filter media biofilter as in claim 7, wherein: the filter material is a spherical particle with uniform small particle size.
9. An upflow, lightweight filter media biofilter as in claim 1, further comprising: the top of the filter material layer is provided with a filter plate, and a plurality of filter heads are arranged on the filter plate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020468397.8U CN211999029U (en) | 2020-04-02 | 2020-04-02 | Upward-flow light-weight filter material biological filter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020468397.8U CN211999029U (en) | 2020-04-02 | 2020-04-02 | Upward-flow light-weight filter material biological filter |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN211999029U true CN211999029U (en) | 2020-11-24 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020468397.8U Active CN211999029U (en) | 2020-04-02 | 2020-04-02 | Upward-flow light-weight filter material biological filter |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN211999029U (en) |
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2020
- 2020-04-02 CN CN202020468397.8U patent/CN211999029U/en active Active
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